1.基本术语
1.1.铸造foundry, founding, casting
1.2.铸造工艺foundry technology
1.3.铸件casting
1.4.砂型铸造sand casting process
1.5.特种铸造special casting process
2.合金性能
2.1.流动性fluidity
2.2.充型能力mold-filling capacity
2.3.吸气gas absorption
2.4.过冷undercooling, supercooling
2.5.过冷度degree of undercooling
2.6.成核nucleation
2.7.自发成核（均质成核）homogeneous
nucleation
2.8.非自发成核（非均质成核）heterogeneous
nucleation
2.9.凝固温度范围solidification range
2.10.定向凝固（顺序凝固）directional
solidification
2.11.液态收缩（液体收缩）liquid
contraction
2.12.凝固收缩solidification contraction 2.1
3.固态收缩（固体收缩）solid contraction 2.1
4.凝固时间solidification time
2.15.自由收缩free contraction
2.16.受阻收缩hindered contraction
2.17.铸件线收缩率shrinkage
2.18.收缩应力contraction stress
2.19.热应力thermal stress
2.20.相变应力transformation stress,
phase change stress
2.21.铸造应力casting stress
2.22.残留应力（残余应力）residual stress
3.铸造用材料3.1.金属原材料
3.1.1.金属原材料metallic raw material 3.1.2.生铁pig iron
3.1.3.铁合金ferro-alloy
3.1.
4.回炉料foundry returns
3.1.5.中间合金master alloy
3.2.燃料
3.2.1.铸造焦炭foundry coke
3.2.2.冶金焦炭metallurgical coke
3.2.3.固定碳fixed carbon
3.3.熔剂
3.3.1.熔剂flux
3.3.2.除气熔剂（除气剂）degassing flux 3.3.3.覆盖熔剂（覆盖剂）covering flux 3.3.
4.精炼熔剂（精炼剂）refining flux 3.3.
5.耐火材料
3.3.6.耐火度（耐火性）refractoriness
3.3.7.耐火砖firebrick
3.3.8.耐火粘土fireclay
3.3.9.硅砖silica brick
3.3.10.镁砂grain magnesite
3.4.造型材料
3.4.1.造型材料molding material
3.4.2.砂sand
3.4.3.水洗砂washed-out sand
3.4.4.硅砂silica sand
3.4.5.天然砂natural sand
3.4.6.人工砂artificial sand
3.4.7.天然粘土砂naturally clay-bonded
sand
3.4.8.橄榄石砂olivine sand
3.4.9.铬铁矿砂chromite sand
3.4.10.锆砂zircon sand
3.4.11.炭粒砂carbon sand
3.4.12.精硅砂sharp sand
3.4.13.红砂red sand
3.4.14.熟料砂chamotte sand
3.4.15.粘结剂binder
3.4.16.粘土clay
3.4.17.无机粘结剂inorganic binder
3.4.18.有机粘结剂organic binder
3.4.19.高岭土kaolin
3.4.20.膨润土bentonite
3.4.21.钠基膨润土sodium bentonite
3.4.22.钙基膨润土calcium bentonite
3.4.23.活化膨润土activated bentonite
3.4.24.干性油drying oil
3.4.25.自硬粘结剂(冷硬粘结剂) no bake
binder
3.4.26.热固树脂粘结剂thermosetting
resin binder
3.4.27.油类粘结剂oil based binder 3.4.28.水玻璃粘结剂water glass binder,
sodium silicate binder
3.4.29.纸浆废液lignin liquor
3.4.30.合脂粘结剂synthetic fat binder 3.4.31.水玻璃模数sodium silicate
modulus
3.5.辅助材料
3.5.1.附加物additives
3.5.2.发热剂exothermic mixture
3.5.3.分型剂（脱模剂）parting agent,
stripping agent
3.5.
4.固化剂（硬化剂）hardener
3.5.5.悬浮剂suspending agent
3.5.6.涂料coating
3.5.7.砂处理
3.5.8.型砂制备（砂处理）sand
preparation
3.5.9.混砂sand mulling, sand mixing 3.5.10.型砂（造型混合料）molding sand 3.5.11.芯砂（造芯混合料）core sand 3.5.12.合成砂synthetic sand
3.5.13.自硬砂self-hardening sand
3.5.1
4.水玻璃砂sodium silicate-bonded
sand
3.5.15.覆膜砂precoated sand
3.5.16.烂砂泥（麻泥）loam
3.5.17.调匀砂temper sand
3.5.18.面砂facing sand
3.5.19.背砂（填充砂）backing sand
3.5.20.单一砂unit sand
3.5.21.含泥量clay content
3.5.22.含水量moisture content
3.5.23.旧砂floor sand
3.5.2
4.枯砂（焦砂）burnt sand
3.5.25.废砂waste sand
3.5.26.热砂hot sand
3.5.27.松砂aeration , sand-cutting
3.5.28.筛分（筛析）screen analysis
3.5.29.旧砂处理sand reconditioning
3.5.30.旧砂再生sand reclamation
3.5.31.沉降分选elutriation, decantation 3.5.32.型砂性能及试验
3.5.33.型砂试验sand testing
3.5.3
4.透气性permeability
3.5.35.流动性flowability
3.5.36.型砂强度sand strength
3.5.37.湿强度green strength
3.5.38.干强度dry strength
3.5.39.耐用性（复用性）durability
3.5.40.砂型（芯）硬度mold hardness 3.5.41.热变形hot deformation
3.5.42.残留强度retained strength
3.5.43.热强度hot strength
3.5.4
4.韧性toughness
3.5.45.发气率（发气速度）gas evolution
rate
3.5.46.发气性（发气量）gas evolution 3.5.47.吸湿性moisture absorption
3.5.48.落砂性knock-out capability
3.5.49.潰散性collapsibility
3.5.50.胶质价colloid index
3.5.51.破碎指数shatter index
3.5.52.砂处理设备
3.5.53.热气流烘砂装置hot pneumatic
tube drier
3.5.5
4.混砂机sand muller, sand mixer 3.
5.55.松砂机aerator, sand cutter
3.5.56.冷却提升机cooling elevator,
coolevator
3.5.57.筛砂机riddle
3.5.58.磁力滚筒magnetic separator
3.5.59.旧砂再生设备sand reclamation
3.5.60.气力输送装置pneumatic tube
conveyor
4.铸造合金
4.1.铸铁
4.1.1.铸铁cast iron
4.1.2.铸铁石墨形态morphology of
graphite in cast iron
4.1.3.灰铸铁（灰口铸铁）gray cast iron 4.1.4.白口铸铁white cast iron
4.1.
5.麻口铸铁mottled cast iron
4.1.6.共晶度degree of saturation
4.1.7.碳当量carbon equivalent
4.1.8.片状石墨flake graphite
4.1.9.初生石墨primary graphite
4.1.10.孕育铸铁inoculated cast iron 4.1.11.球墨铸铁spheroidal graphite cast
iron, nodular graphite iron,
ductile iron
4.1.12.球状石墨spheroidal graphite,
nodular graphite
4.1.13.可锻铸铁malleable cast iron
4.1.14.黑心可锻铸铁black heart malleable
cast iron
4.1.1
5.珠光体可锻铸铁pearlitic malleable
cast iron
4.1.16.铁素体可锻铸铁ferritic malleable
cast iron
4.1.17.白心可锻铸铁white heart malleable
cast iron
4.1.18.团絮石墨tempered graphite
4.1.19.冷硬铸铁（激冷铸铁）chilled iron 4.1.20.耐磨铸铁wear resisting cast iron 4.1.21.耐热铸铁heat resisting cast iron 4.1.22.耐酸铸铁acid resisting cast iron 4.1.23.高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron 4.1.24.蠕墨铸铁vermicular cast iron,
compacted graphite cast iron
4.1.2
5.蠕虫状石墨vermicular graphite 4.1.2
6.合金铸铁alloy cast iron
4.2.铸钢
4.2.1.铸钢cast steel
4.2.2.炭素铸钢carbon cast iron
4.2.3.低合金铸钢low alloy cast steel 4.2.4.高锰钢high manganese steel
4.2.
5.铁素体钢ferritic steel
4.2.6.铸造非铁合金
4.2.7.青铜bronze
4.2.8.铅青铜lead bronze
4.2.9.铝青铜aluminum bronze
4.2.10.黄铜brass
4.2.11.铝铜合金aluminum-copper alloy 4.2.12.铝镁合金aluminum-magnesium
alloy
4.2.13.铝硅合金aluminum-silicon alloy
4.2.14.镁合金magnesium alloy
4.2.1
5.轴承合金（减摩合金）bearing metal,
antifrictional metal
4.2.16.巴氏合金babbitt alloy
4.2.17.钛合金titanium alloy
5.熔炼工艺及设备
5.1.熔炼基本术语
5.1.1.熔化（熔炼）melting
5.1.2.重熔remelting
5.1.3.炉料charge
5.1.4.熔化率melting rate
5.1.5.炉料计算charge calculation
5.1.
6.双联熔炼duplexing
5.1.7.元素烧损（元素烧损率）melting
losses of various chemical
elements
5.1.8.熔炼损耗（烧损）total melting loss 5.1.9.还原气氛reducing atmosphere
5.1.10.氧化气氛oxidizing atmosphere
5.1.11.惰性气体inert gas
5.1.12.碱度（碱性指数）index of basicity 5.1.13.碱性渣basic slag
5.1.14.酸性渣acid slag
5.1.15.精炼refining
5.1.1
6.遗传性heredity
5.1.17.铸铁熔炼
5.1.18.风口比tuyere ratio
5.1.19.有效高度effective height
5.1.20.送风强度blast intensity
5.1.21.预热送风hot blast
5.1.22.底焦coke bed 5.1.23.层焦coke split
5.1.24.隔焦（结力焦）buffer coke charge 5.1.25.炉衬furnace lining
5.1.2
6.碱性炉衬basic lining
5.1.27.酸性炉衬acid lining
5.1.28.棚料bridging
5.1.29.熔池bath
5.1.30.吸碳carbon pick-up
5.1.31.铁焦比（焦比）iron-coke ratio 5.1.32.出渣deslagging
5.1.33.打炉cupola drop
5.2.铸钢
5.2.1.氧化熔炼法oxidizing melting
5.2.2.不氧化熔炼法dead melting
5.2.3.真空熔炼vacuum refining
5.2.4.电渣熔炼electro-slag melting
5.2.5.熔渣slag
5.2.
6.沉渣sludge
5.2.7.浮渣dross, cinder
5.2.8.氧化期（沸腾期）oxidizing stage,
boil
5.2.9.还原期deoxidizing stage,
blocking stage
5.2.10.还原渣reducing slag
5.2.11.氧化渣oxidizing slag
5.2.12.白渣white slag
5.2.13.脱氧deoxidation
5.2.14.扒渣slagging- off
5.2.15.脱碳decarburization
5.2.1
6.脱硫desulphurization
5.2.17.脱磷dephosphorization
5.2.18.增碳recarburizing
5.2.19.脱氧剂deoxidizer
5.2.20.非铁金属熔炼
5.2.21.挥发损耗volatilizing losses
5.2.22.静置stewing, holding
5.2.23.吹氮nitrogen flushing
5.3.熔炼设备
5.3.1.冲天炉cupola
5.3.2.水冷冲天炉water-cooled cupola
5.3.3.热风冲天炉hot-blast cupola
5.3.4.湿法除尘器wet cap
5.3.5.炉缸cupola well
5.3.
6.前炉forehearth
5.3.7.冲天炉加料机cupola charging
machine
5.3.8.爬式加料机skip hoist
5.3.9.电磁配铁称electro-magnetic
weighing balancer
5.3.10.电磁盘electromagnetic chuck
5.3.11.电弧炉（直接电弧炉）arc furnace,
direct arc furnace
5.3.12.感应电炉electric induction furnace 5.3.13.电渣炉electroslag furnace
5.3.14.电磁搅拌electromagnetic agitation
5.3.15.浇包ladle
5.3.1
6.摇包shaking ladle
5.3.17.底注包bottom pouring ladle
5.3.18.保温炉holding furnace
5.3.19.坩埚炉crucible furnace
5.3.20.熔融金属处理
5.3.21.孕育inoculation
5.3.22.多孔塞法porous plug process 5.3.23.变质modification
5.3.24.墨化剂graphitizer
5.3.25.过热superheating
5.3.2
6.石墨球化处理nodularizing treatment
of graphite
5.3.27.碳当量仪eutectometer
5.3.28.三角试块wedge test-piece 5.3.29.真空除气vacuum degassing
5.4.浇注
5.4.1.浇注pouring
5.4.2.保护气氛浇注pouring under
controlled atmosphere
5.4.3.浇注速度pouring rate
5.4.4.浇注温度pouring temperature
5.4.5.浇注时间pouring time
5.4.
6.浇注位置pouring position
5.4.7.型内孕育inmold inoculation
5.4.8.压铁weight
5.4.9.捣冒口churning, pumping
5.4.10.点冒口（补注）teeming
5.4.11.浸入式高温计immersion pyremeter 5.4.12.补炉patching
5.4.13.炉龄（炉衬寿命）campaign
6.工艺设计及工艺装备
6.1.工艺设计
6.1.1.铸造工艺设计mold design
6.1.2.铸造工艺装备设计foundry tools
design
6.1.3.铸造工艺图foundry molding
drawing
6.1.4.铸件图（毛坯图）drawing of rough
casting
6.1.5.起模斜度（拔模斜度）pattern draft 6.1.6.收缩余量shrinkage allowance
6.1.
7.工艺补正量molding allowance
6.1.8.加工余量machining allowance
6.1.9.吃砂量mold thickness
6.1.10.补贴pad
6.1.11.分型负数joint allowance
6.1.12.铸件尺寸公差dimensional tolerance
of casting
6.1.13.铸件重量公差weight allowance of
casting
6.1.14.铸件加工基准面reference face for
machining of casting
6.1.15.铸件表面粗糙度surface roughness
of casting
6.2.浇冒口系统
6.2.1.浇注系统（浇口）gating system,
running system
6.2.2.封闭式浇注系统choked running
system, pressurized gating system 6.2.3.半封闭式浇注系统enlarged runner
system
6.2.4.开放式浇注系统unchoked running
system, non-pressurized gating
system
6.2.5.浇口盆（外浇口）pouring basin 6.2.6.浇口杯pouring cup
6.2.
7.浇口塞blanking-off plug
6.2.8.直浇道sprue
6.2.9.直浇道窝sprue base
6.2.10.横浇道runner
6.2.11.筛网芯（滤网芯）strainer core 6.2.12.内浇道ingate
6.2.13.离心集渣浇注系统whirl gate, dirt
trap system
6.2.14.顶注式浇注系统top gating system 6.2.15.底注式浇注系统bottom gating
system
6.2.16.阶梯式浇注系统step gating system 6.2.1
7.雨淋浇口shower gate
6.2.18.缝隙浇口slot gate
6.2.19.压边浇口lip runner, kiss runner
6.2.20.牛角式浇口horn gate
6.2.21.热节hot spot
6.2.22.冒口riser, feeder heed 6.2.23.冒口效率riser efficiency
6.2.24.明冒口open riser
6.2.25.暗冒口blind riser
6.2.26.侧冒口（边冒口）side riser
6.2.2
7.压力冒口pressure riser
6.2.28.大气压力冒口atmospheric riser
6.2.29.发气压力冒口（气弹冒口）
gas-delivered pressure riser
6.2.30.透气砂芯pencil core
6.2.31.冒口颈riser neck
6.2.32.冒口根riser pad
6.2.33.保温冒口套heat insulating feeder
sleeve
6.2.34.发热冒口套exothermic feeder sleeve 6.2.35.补缩距离feeding distance, feeding
zone
6.2.36.易割冒口knock-off head
6.2.3
7.易割片（易割芯片）washburn core 6.2.3
8.模样
6.2.39.铸造工艺装备foundry tools and
equipment
6.2.40.模样（铸模，模）pattern
6.2.41.母模master pattern
6.2.42.金属模metal pattern
6.2.43.骨架模skeleton pattern
6.2.44.石膏模plaster pattern
6.2.45.塑料模plastic pattern
6.2.46.整体模one-piece pattern
6.2.4
7.分开模parted pattern, split pattern 6.2.4
8.活块loose piece
6.2.49.模板pattern plate
6.2.50.模底板pattern mounting plate 6.2.51.单面模板single face pattern plate 6.2.52.双面模板match plate
6.2.53.放样（伸图）hot dimensional drawing
6.2.54.缩尺（模样工缩尺）shrinkage rule,
pattern-maker’s rule
6.3.芯盒
6.3.1.芯盒core box
6.3.2.脱落式芯盒troughed core box 6.3.3.下芯量具core setting scale
6.3.4.下芯夹具core jig
6.3.5.烘芯板core drying plate
6.3.6.砂箱
6.3.
7.砂箱flask, molding box
6.3.8.箱带（箱挡）flask bar, cross bar 6.3.9.脱箱snap flask
6.3.10.套箱mold jacket
6.3.11.套销hollow pin, stub pin
7.造型及造芯
7.1.造型
7.1.1.造型molding
7.1.2.型腔mold cavity
7.1.3.铸型（型）mold
7.1.4.砂型sand mold
7.1.5.上型（上箱）cope, top part
7.1.6.下型（下箱）drag, bottom part
7.1.7.手工造型hand molding
7.1.8.机器造型machine molding
7.1.9.自动化造型automatic molding
7.1.10.分型面mold joint
7.1.11.有箱造型flask molding
7.1.12.两箱造型two-part molding
7.1.13.三箱造型three-part molding
7.1.14.不平分型面stepped joint
7.1.15.无箱造型flaskless molding
7.1.16.脱箱造型removable flask molding 7.1.17.地坑造型pit molding
7.1.18.刮板造型sweep molding 7.1.19.抛砂造型impeller ramming, sand
slinging molding
7.1.20.组芯造型core assembly molding 7.1.21.假箱造型oddside molding
7.1.22.微震压实造型vibratory squeezing
molding
7.1.23.高压造型high pressure molding 7.1.24.湿砂型（湿型，潮型）green sand
mold
7.1.25.砂型烘干mold drying
7.1.26.干砂型（干型）dry sand mold 7.1.27.表面烘干型skin dried mold
7.1.28.烂砂泥型loam mold
7.1.29.砂床bed
7.1.30.过渡角transition angle
7.1.31.吊砂cod
7.1.32.砂钩lifter
7.1.33.负压造型（真空密封造型）vacuum
molding
7.1.34.流态砂造型fluid sand molding
7.1.35.漏模pattern stripping
7.1.36.填砂mold-filling
7.1.37.紧实（紧砂，舂砂）ramming
7.1.38.震实jolt ramming
7.1.39.压实squeezing ramming
7.1.40.紧实度degree of ramming
7.1.41.二氧化碳法造型CO2 process
7.1.42.自硬砂造型self-hardening sand
molding
7.1.43.塞砂tucking
7.1.44.刮砂strike-off
7.1.45.造型生产线molding line
7.1.46.刷水swabbing
7.1.47.敲模rapping
7.1.48.起模（拔模）stripping
7.1.49.扎出气孔venting
7.1.50.排气道venting channel
7.1.51.修型patching
7.1.52.冷铁densener, chill
7.1.53.外冷铁surface densener
7.1.54.内冷铁internal densener
7.1.55.验型（验箱）trial closing
7.1.56.合型（合箱，组型）mold assembling,
closing
7.2.造芯
7.2.1.造芯（制芯）core making
7.2.2.芯（芯子）core
7.2.3.芯骨core rod, core scab
7.2.4.油砂芯oil sand core
7.2.5.预制芯embeded core, ram up
core
7.2.6.芯头core print
7.2.7.芯座core print
7.2.8.芯头斜度core print taper
7.2.9.芯头间隙core print clearance
7.2.10.壳芯shell core
7.2.11.烘芯core baking
7.2.12.通气蜡线vent wax
7.2.13.冷芯盒法cold box process
7.2.14.热芯盒法hot box process
7.2.15.芯撑chaplet
7.2.16.造型工具
7.2.17.造型工具hand tools of molding 7.2.18.压勺heart and spoon
7.2.19.提沟cleaner
7.2.20.双头铜勺（秋叶）double ended radius
sleeker
7.2.21.镘刀trowel
7.2.22.造型及造芯设备
7.2.23.造型机molding machine 7.2.24.压实造型机squeezing molding
machine
7.2.25.震击台bumper
7.2.26.振动台vibrating table
7.2.27.微震压实造型机vibratory squeezer 7.2.28.震实造型机jolt molding machine 7.2.29.高压造型机high pressure molding
machine
7.2.30.射压造型机shooting and
squeezing molding machine
7.2.31.多触头造型机equalizing piston
squeezer
7.2.32.抛砂机sand slinger
7.2.33.起模机drawing machine
7.2.34.射砂机core shooter
7.2.35.挤芯机core extruder
7.2.36.铸型输送机mold conveyor
8.铸件落砂及清理
8.1.落砂及清理
8.1.1.落砂shake-out, knock-out
8.1.2.除芯decoring
8.1.3.噴砂清理sand blasting
8.1.4.抛丸清理shot blasting
8.1.5.水力清砂hydraulic cleaning
8.1.6.水砂清砂hydraulic blast
8.1.7.清理cleaning, fettling
8.1.8.清砂cleaning
8.1.9.火焰表面清理scarfing
8.1.10.清铲chipping
8.1.11.化学清砂chemical cleaning
8.1.12.精整dressing and finishing
8.1.13.落砂机knock-out machine
8.1.14.抛丸清理机shot blast machine
8.1.15.清理滚筒tumbling barrel
8.1.16.抛丸落砂清理设备shot blast
reclaiming equipment
8.1.17.悬挂式磨轮swing frame grinder 8.1.18.修补及矫正
8.1.19.矫正coining, straightening
8.1.20.焊补repair welding
8.1.21.渗补impregnation
8.1.22.特种铸造
8.1.23.金属型铸造
8.1.24.金属型铸造permanent mold
casting, gravity die casting
8.1.25.金属型metal mold
8.1.26.金属芯metal core
8.1.27.覆砂金属型sand-lined metal mold 8.1.28.排气塞venting plug
8.1.29.排气槽air vent
8.1.30.龟裂heat checking
8.1.31.金属型铸造机gravity die casting
machine
9.压力铸造
9.1.压力铸造（压铸）die casting,
pressure die casting
9.2.压铸型die-casting die, die
9.3.动型moving die, ejector die half 9.4.定型fixed die, cover die half
9.5.合型力clamping force , die
locking force
9.6.压室pressure chamber
9.7.鹅颈管gooseneck
9.8.分流器spreader, sprue spreader
9.9.顶杆ejector pin
9.10.溢流槽overflow well
9.11.压射冲头（压室）injection piston,
plunger
9.12.压射比压injection pressure 9.13.压射速度injection speed
9.14.保压时间dwell time
9.15.真空压铸evacuated die casting,
vacuum die casting
9.16.充氧压铸pore-free die casting
9.17.双冲头压铸（精速密压铸）
acurad(accurate?) die casting
9.18.压铸机die casting machine
9.19.冷室压铸机cold chamber die
casting machine
9.20.热室压铸机hot chamber die
casting machine
9.21.镶铸法insert process
9.22.离心铸造
9.23.离心铸造true centrifugal casting 9.24.半离心铸造semi-centrifugal casting 9.25.离心浇注centrifugal pressure
casting, centrifuge casting
9.26.双金属离心铸造bimetal centrifugal
casting
9.27.离心铸造机centrifugal casting
machine
10.熔模铸造
10.1.失模铸造lost pattern casting
10.2.熔模铸造（失蜡铸造）fusible pattern
molding, lost-wax molding
10.3.压制熔模fusible pattern injection 10.4.压型pattern die
10.5.熔模fusible pattern
10.6.盐模salt pattern
10.7.蜡模wax-pattern
10.8.模组pattern assembly
10.9.熔模涂料（浆料）slurry
10.10.面层涂料investment precoat 10.11.撒砂stuccoing
10.12.脱蜡dewaxing
10.13.熔烧sintering
10.14.壳型铸造
10.15.壳型铸造shell molding
10.16.结壳时间investing time
10.17.结壳温度investing temperature 10.18.硬化温度curing temperature
10.19.硬化时间curing time
10.20.其它铸造方法
10.21.陶瓷型铸造ceramic molding
10.22.陶瓷型浆料ceramic slurry
10.23.灌浆paste pouring
10.24.喷烧torch firing
10.25.低压铸造low-pressure die casting 10.26.充型压力mold filling pressure 10.27.保压压力dwell pressure
10.28.升液管stalk
10.29.真空吸铸suction casting
10.30.差压铸造（反压铸造）
counter-pressure casting
10.31.实型铸造full mold process,
cavityless casting
10.32.泡沫塑料模styrofoam pattern 10.33.磁型铸造（磁丸铸造）magnetic
shot molding process
10.34.凝壳铸造slush casting
10.35.石膏型铸造plaster molding
10.36.连续铸造continuous casting
11.铸件质量及铸件缺陷
11.1.铸件质量基本术语
11.1.1.铸件检验inspection of casting 11.1.2.铸件质量分析quality analysis of
casting
11.1.3.铸件外观质量visual quality of
casting 11.1.4.铸件内在质量internal quality of
casting
11.1.5.铸件使用性能service ability of
casting
11.1.6.单铸试块separated test bar of
casting
11.1.7.附铸试块test lug
11.1.8.缺陷铸件defective casting
11.1.9.废品reject
11.1.10.无损检验（无损探伤）
nondestructive inspection
11.1.11.破坏性试验destructive testing 11.1.12.多肉类缺陷
11.1.13.飞翅（飞边）joint flash
11.1.14.毛刺veining
11.1.15.抬型（抬箱）cope raise , raised
mold
11.1.16.胀箱swell
11.1.17.冲砂erosion, cut, wash
11.1.18.掉砂drop, crush
11.1.19.外渗物（外渗豆）sweat
11.2.孔洞类缺陷
11.2.1.气孔blow hole
11.2.2.针孔pinhole
11.2.3.缩孔shrinkage
11.2.4.缩松dispersed shrinkage
11.2.5.疏松（显微缩松）porosity
microshrinkage
11.2.6.裂纹、冷隔类缺陷
11.2.7.冷裂cold cracking
11.2.8.热裂hot tearing
11.2.9.热处理裂纹heat treatment crack 11.2.10.白点（发裂）flake
11.2.11.冷隔cold shut, cold lap
11.2.12.浇注断流interrupted pour
11.2.13.表面缺陷
11.2.14.鼠尾rat-tail
11.2.15.沟漕buckle
11.2.16.夹砂结疤（夹砂）scab
11.2.17.机械粘砂（渗透粘砂）metal
penetration
11.2.18.化学粘砂（烧结粘砂）burn-on 11.2.19.表面粗糙rough surface
11.2.20.皱皮elephant skin
11.2.21.缩陷depression
11.2.22.残缺类缺陷
11.2.23.浇不到misrun
11.2.24.未浇满poured short
11.2.25.跑火run-out, bleeding
11.2.26.型漏（漏箱）run-out, bleeding
11.2.27.损伤（机械损伤）damage
11.2.28.形状及重量差错类缺陷
11.2.29.拉长exaggeration of dimension 11.2.30.超重over-weight
11.2.31.变形distortion, warping
11.2.32.错型（错箱）shift
11.2.33.错芯core shift
11.2.34.偏芯（漂芯）core raised, corelift 11.3.夹杂类缺陷
11.3.1.夹杂物inclusion
11.3.2.冷豆cold shot
11.3.3.内渗物（内渗豆）internal sweat 11.3.4.渣气孔scum, slag-blow hole
11.3.5.砂眼sand inclusion
11.3.6.性能、成分、组织不合格
11.3.7.亮皮pearlite layer
11.3.8.菜花头cauli-flowering
11.3.9.石墨飘浮carbon floatation
11.3.10.石墨集结kish graphite spot
11.3.11.组织粗大open grain structure 11.3.12.偏析segregation
11.3.13.硬点hard spot
11.3.14.反白口inverse chill
11.3.15.球化不良under-nodularizing
11.3.16.球化衰退degradated spheroidisation 11.3.17.脱碳decarburization
常用铸造术语中英对照2008-6-26整理(BY BARRY) Ⅰ.基本术语 1.压力铸造 die casting 2.铸造 casting,foundry,founding 3.铸件 casting 4.毛坯铸件 rough casting 5.试制铸件 pilot casting 6.试模 trial shot 7.模具mold ,mould 8.压铸机 die casting machine 9.铸造设备 foundry equipment,foundry facilities 10. 铸工 caster,founder,foundry worker 11. 压铸工die carter 12. 铸造厂 foundry 13. 铸造车间 foundry shop 14. 铸造工作者 foundry man 15. 批（batch 一批: a batch; 每批:each batch, per batch); lot 16. 一炉 a cast, a heat, a melt 17. 焊接 welding 18. 铸造三废 foundry effluent 19.铸锭ingot Ⅱ.铸造合金、熔炼和浇注 1.铸造合金 cast alloy 2. 铝合金 aluminium alloy 3. 铸造复合材料 cast composite 4. 合金元素 alloy element 5. 杂质元素 tramp element 6. 碳化物 carbide 7. 过热 superheating 8. 过冷 supercooling 9. 熔点 melting point 10. 总碳量 total carbon 11. 碳当量 carbon equivalent 12. 碳当量仪 eutectometer 13. 铝硅合金 aluminium-silicon alloy 14. 压铸合金 die cast alloy 15. 压铸铝合金 aluminium diecast alloy 16. 压铸镁合金 magnesium diecast alloy 17. 熔炼 smelting 18. 熔化率 melting rate 19. 元素增加 gain of element 20. 熔剂 flux 21. 熔池 bath 22. 除气熔剂 degassing flux 23. 覆盖剂 covering flux 24. 炉料 charging 25. 金属炉料 metallic charging 26. 回炉料 foundry returns 27. 废金属料 scrap 28. 熔渣 slag 29. 沉渣 sludge 30. 浮渣 dross, scum, cinder 31. 造渣 slag forming 32. 出渣 deslagging 33. 出渣口 slag hole 34. 炉衬 furnace liner 35. 出炉口 tap hole 36. 出炉温度 tapping temperature 37. 重熔 remelting 38. 坩埚炉 crucible furnace 39. 保温炉 holding furnace 40. 精炼 refining 41. 真空精炼 vacuum refining 42. 除气 degassing 43. 残料 heel 44. 浇注 pouring 45. 自动浇注装置 automatic pouring device 46. 浇包，料斗(勺) ladle 47. 转运包 transfer ladle 48. 金属残液 heel 49. 冷金属 cold matel Ⅲ铸造工艺与工艺设备 die casting process and process device 1. 铸造性能 castability 2. 流动性 fluidity 3. 充型能力 mold-filling capacity 4. 充型速度(浇注速度) pouring rate;delivery rate 5. 充型时间 filling time 6. 浇注温度 pouring temperature 7. 比浇注速度 specific pouring rate 8. 浇注时间 pouring time 9. 凝固 solidification 10. 凝固时间 solidification 11. 收缩 contraction;shrinkage 12. 收缩率 shrinkage 13. 液态收缩 liquid contraction 14. 凝固收缩 solidification contraction 15. 固态收缩 solid contraction 16. 液-固收缩 liquid-solid contraction 17. 自由收缩 free contraction 18. 收缩余量 shrinkage allowance 19. 收缩应力 contraction stress 20. 热应力 thermal stress
工程材料常用词汇表 A 奥氏体 austenite 奥氏体本质晶粒度 austenite inhorent grain size 奥氏体化 austenitization, austenitii zing B 白口铸铁 white cast iron 白铜 white brass, copper-nickel alloy 板条马氏体 lath martensite 棒材 bar 包晶反应 peritectic reaction 薄板 thin sheet 薄膜技术 thin film technique 贝氏体 bainite 本质晶粒度 inherent grain size 比强度 strength-to-weight ratic 变质处理 inoculation, modification 变质剂 modifying agent,modificator 表面处理 surface treatment 表面粗糙度 surface roughness 表面淬火 surface quenching 表面腐蚀 surface corrosion 表面硬化 surface hardening 玻璃 glass 玻璃态 vitreous state, glass state 玻璃钢 glass fiber reinforced plastics 玻璃纤维 glass fiber 不可热处理的 non-heat-treatable 不锈钢 stainless steel 布氏硬度 Brinell hardness C 材料强度 strength ofmaterial 残余奥氏体residual austenite 残余变形 residual deformation 残余应力 residual stress 层状珠光体 lamellar pearlite
鞋业（类）常用术语中英文对照 --－欧维思品牌鞋业折扣店 --https://www.doczj.com/doc/b77628820.html, 目录 第一章：Stage 阶段………………………………P2-P10 第二章技术……………………………P7-P15 第三章鞋型转移……………………………P16-P17 欧维思品牌鞋业折扣店招商加盟网--https://www.doczj.com/doc/b77628820.html,- 1 -
第一章：Stage 阶段 ----欧维思品牌鞋业折扣店https://www.doczj.com/doc/b77628820.html, I.3.1. Two main sections in Dev. Division 开发的两大部分： 1. Development section: explain more in process of new models to make samples in order to introduce market to achieve qty. 开发部分：此部分着重于新型体的样品制作，以便可介绍给客户来争取一定数量的订单。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b77628820.html,mercialization section: explain more in process of technical after it was developed with Fitting test and Wear test to ensure that all products meet consumers’ expectations in terms of Fitting, Comfort and Performance. 技术部分：开发转移到技术部门，此阶段着重于在开发阶段完成试穿测试, 确保产品在试穿/舒适/功能方面可满足客户的要求后进行的技术工作。 I.3.2. Development Stages 开发阶段 I.3.2.1. PPR: Pre Prototype Review 初始线条评估 1st stage to review all sample products Internally by customer ( Marketing,designer,L.O) For performance shoes, we have Fitting and Wear Test Sample to be sent. * The topics of review are : 1. Material 2. Quality 3. Performance 4. Price 5. Color 6. Design 7. Forecast 客人内部（市场销售、设计师、本地客人）对于新鞋型第一阶段之评估。 对于功能性鞋型，我们要寄Fitting test &Wear test试穿样品。 此时检查要点如下： 1、材料 2、品质 3、功能 4、价格 5、颜色 6、设计 7、订单预测 I.3.2.2. PFR:Prototype Final Review 最后线条评估 Final stage to review all sample shoes before introducing the products to the customers. At this time, all key points should be finally decided (Pattern / Design, Color,Price, Material (should be released), etc.). The result of Fitting Test should be considered for PPR meeting as a basic. 在全部新鞋型介绍给客户前之最后检查阶段，此时所有要点均需做出最后确定，如：纸版、设计、颜色、价位、材料（必须是通过了测试）等等。 寄出试样鞋时需附上试穿报告。此时的试穿结果是PPR 会议之基本考量点。 I.3.2.3. SMS1:Salesman Sample 1 销样一 欧维思品牌鞋业折扣店招商加盟网--https://www.doczj.com/doc/b77628820.html,- 2 -
土木工程专业外语词汇大全中英翻译 1. 综合类 大地工程geotechnical engineering 反分析法back analysis method 基础工程foundation engineering 临界状态土力学critical state soil mechanics 数值岩土力学numerical geomechanics 土soil, earth 土动力学soil dynamics 土力学soil mechanics 岩土工程geotechnical engineering 应力路径stress path 应力路径法stress path method 2. 工程地质及勘察 变质岩metamorphic rock 标准冻深standard frost penetration 冰川沉积glacial deposit 冰积层（台）glacial deposit 残积土eluvial soil, residual soil 层理beding 长石feldspar 沉积岩sedimentary rock 承压水confined water 次生矿物secondary mineral 地质年代geological age 地质图geological map 地下水groundwater 断层fault 断裂构造fracture structure 工程地质勘察engineering geological exploration 海积层（台）marine deposit 海相沉积marine deposit 花岗岩granite 滑坡landslide 化石fossil 化学沉积岩chemical sedimentary rock 阶地terrace 节理joint 解理cleavage 喀斯特karst 矿物硬度hardness of minerals 砾岩conglomerate
熟练掌握名目繁多金融术语除了是专业人士的必修课外，在金融渗透、人人参与投资的时代，了解一些常用的金融术语也对普通投资者们大有益处。本文就为你详细列举了一些常用的可中英文对照的金融术语，帮助你了解生活中的金融。 金融 资产组合(Portfolio):指投资者持有的一组资产。一个资产多元化的投资组合 通常会包含股票、债券、货币市场资产、现金以及实物资产如黄金等。 证券投资(Portfolio Investment) :国际收支中、资本帐下的一个项目，反映资 本跨国进行证券投资的情况，与直接投资不同，后者涉及在国外设立公司开展业务，直接参与公司的经营管理。证券投资则一般只是被动地持有股票或债券。 投资组合经理(Portfolio Manager):替投资者管理资产组合的人，通常获授权 在约定规范下自由运用资金。共同基金的投资组合经理负责执行投资策略，将资金投资在各类资产上。 头寸(Positio n):就证券投资而言，头寸是指在一项资产上做多(即拥有)或做空(即借入待还)的数量。 总资产收益率(ROTA):资产收益率是企业净利润与平均资产总额地百分比，也 叫资产回报率(ROA)，它是用来衡量每单位资产创造多少净利润的指标。其计 算公式为：资产收益率二净利润/平均资产总额X 100% ；该指标越高，表明企业 资产利用效果越好，说明企业在增加收入和节约资金使用等方面取得了良好的效果，否则相反。 整批交易(Round Lot Trade):指按证券和商品在市场最普遍的交易单位(例如 100股为一单位)进行的交易。 交易回合(Round Turn):指在同一市场上通过对两种证券或合约一买一卖，或 一卖一买的交易两相抵消。通常在计算手续费时会提及交易回合。
计算机编程英语词汇算法常用术语中英对照 Data Structures 基本数据结构 Dictionaries 字典 Priority Queues 堆 Graph Data Structures 图 Set Data Structures 集合 Kd-Trees 线段树 Numerical Problems 数值问题 Solving Linear Equations 线性方程组 Bandwidth Reduction 带宽压缩 Matrix Multiplication 矩阵乘法 Determinants and Permanents 行列式 Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization 最值问题Linear Programming 线性规划 Random Number Generation 随机数生成 Factoring and Primality Testing 因子分解/质数判定Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic 高精度计算Knapsack Problem 背包问题 Discrete Fourier Transform 离散Fourier变换Combinatorial Problems 组合问题 Sorting 排序 Searching 查找 Median and Selection 中位数 Generating Permutations 排列生成 Generating Subsets 子集生成 Generating Partitions 划分生成 Generating Graphs 图的生成 Calendrical Calculations 日期 Job Scheduling 工程安排 Satisfiability 可满足性 Graph Problems -- polynomial 图论-多项式算法Connected Components 连通分支 Topological Sorting 拓扑排序 Minimum Spanning Tree 最小生成树 Shortest Path 最短路径 Transitive Closure and Reduction 传递闭包Matching 匹配 Eulerian Cycle / Chinese Postman Euler回路/中国邮路Edge and Vertex Connectivity 割边/割点 Network Flow 网络流 Drawing Graphs Nicely 图的描绘 Drawing Trees 树的描绘 Planarity Detection and Embedding 平面性检测和嵌入Graph Problems -- hard 图论-NP问题 1 / 20
第一部分计算机算法常用术语中英对照 Data Structures 基本数据结构Dictionaries 字典Priority Queues 堆Graph Data Structures 图Set Data Structures 集合Kd-Trees 线段树Numerical Problems 数值问题Solving Linear Equations 线性方程组Fourier变换Bandwidth Reduction 带宽压缩Matrix Multiplication 矩阵乘法Satisfiability 可满足性Determinants and Permanents 行列式Linear Programming 线性规划Matching 匹配Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization 最值问题Clique 最大团Cryptography 密码Random Number Generation 随机数生成Shortest Path 最短路径recursion递归Factoring and Primality Testing 因子分解/质数判定Searching 查找Sorting 排序Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic 高精度计算Calendrical Calculations 日期 Discrete Fourier Transform 离散Combinatorial Problems 组合问题 Median and Selection 中位数Generating Permutations 排列生成 Generating Subsets 子集生成Generating Partitions 划分生成 Generating Graphs 图的生成Job Scheduling 工程安排 Graph Problems -- polynomial 图论-多项式算法Connected Components 连通分支Topological Sorting 拓扑排序Minimum Spanning Tree 最小生成树Transitive Closure and Reduction 传递闭包Network Flow 网络流 Eulerian Cycle / Chinese Postman Euler回路/中国邮路 Edge and Vertex Connectivity 割边/割点Independent Set 独立集 Drawing Graphs Nicely 图的描绘Drawing Trees 树的描绘 Planarity Detection and Embedding 平面性检测和嵌入Vertex Cover 点覆盖 Graph Problems -- hard 图论-NP问题Traveling Salesman Problem 旅行商问题Hamiltonian Cycle Hamilton回路Graph Partition 图的划分 Vertex Coloring 点染色Edge Coloring 边染色 Graph Isomorphism 同构Steiner Tree Steiner树 Feedback Edge/Vertex Set 最大无环子图Computational Geometry 计算几何 Convex Hull 凸包Triangulation 三角剖分 V oronoi Diagrams V oronoi图Nearest Neighbor Search 最近点对查询Range Search 范围查询Point Location 位置查询 Intersection Detection 碰撞测试Bin Packing 装箱问题 Medial-Axis Transformation 中轴变换Polygon Partitioning 多边形分割Simplifying Polygons 多边形化简Shape Similarity 相似多边形 Motion Planning 运动规划Maintaining Line Arrangements 平面分割Minkowski Sum Minkowski和Set and String Problems 集合与串的问题 Set Cover 集合覆盖Set Packing 集合配置 Approximate String Matching 模糊匹配Text Compression 压缩 DP—Dynamic Programming动态规划Longest Common Substring 最长公共子串Shortest Common Superstring 最短公共父串String Matching 模式匹配 Finite State Machine Minimization 有穷自动机简化
一、基本术语 1.铸造：casting , founding , foundry 2.砂型铸造：Sand casting process 3.特种铸造：Special casting process 4.铸件：casting 5.毛坯铸件：Rough casting 6.砂型铸件：Sand casting 7.试制铸件：Pilot casting 8.铸态铸件：as-cast casting 9.铸型[型]：mold 10.铸造工艺：Casting process, foundry technology 11.铸造用材料：Foundry materials 12.铸造工艺材料：Consumable materials 13.铸造设备：Foundry equipment, foundry facilities 14.铸工：Caster, founder, foundry worker 15.铸造工作者：foundryman 16.铸造车间：Foundry shop 17.铸造厂：Foundry 18.铸造分厂：Attached foundry, captive foundry, tied foundry 19.铸造三废：Foundry affluent 20.一批： A batch 21.一炉： A cast, a heat, a melt 22.铸焊：Cast welding, flow welding
23.铸锭：ingot 二、铸造合金及熔炼、浇注 2.1铸造合金基础术语 1.铸造合金：Cast alloy 2.共晶合金系：Eutectic alloy system 3.共晶合金：Eutectic alloy 4.亚共晶合金：Hypoeutectic alloy 5.过共晶合金：Hypereutectic alloy 6.共晶团：Eutectic cell 7.共晶温度：Eutectic temperature 8.共晶转变：Eutectic reaction, eutectic transformation 9.共晶组织：Eutectic structure 10.铸造复合材料：Cast composite 11.定向共晶复合材料：Directional eutectic composite 12.非晶态合金：noncrystalline alloy 13.合金元素：Alloying element 14.杂质合金：Tramp element 15.合金遗传性：Alloy heredity 16.铸态组织：As-cast structure 17.铁碳相图：iron-carbon phase diagram 18.碳化物：Carbide
1DESIGN BASIS 设计依据 计划建议书planning proposals 设计任务书design order 标准规范standards and codes 条件图information drawing 设计基础资料basic data for design 工艺流程图process flowchart 工程地质资料engineering geological data 原始资料original data 设计进度schedule of design 2STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段 方案scheme, draft 草图sketch 会谈纪要summary of discussion 谈判negotiation 可行性研究feasibility study 初步设计preliminary design 基础设计basic design 详细设计detail design 询价图enquiry drawing 施工图working drawing, construction drawing 竣工图as built drawing 3CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件 日照sunshine 风玫瑰wind rose 主导风向prevailing wind direction 最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载wind load 最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall 雷击及闪电thunder and lightning 飓风hurricane 台风typhoon 旋风cyclone 降雨强度rainfall intensity 年降雨量annual rainfall 湿球温度wet bulb temperature 干球温度dry bulb temperature 冰冻期frost period
加工processing 反应性加工reactive processing 等离子体加工plasma processing 加工性processability 熔体流动指数melt [flow] index 门尼粘度Mooney index 塑化plasticizing 增塑作用plasticization 内增塑作用internal plasticization 外增塑作用external plasticization 增塑溶胶plastisol 增强reinforcing 增容作用compatibilization 相容性compatibility 相溶性intermiscibility 生物相容性biocompatibility 血液相容性blood compatibility 组织相容性tissue compatibility 混炼milling, mixing 素炼mastication 塑炼plastication 过炼dead milled 橡胶配合rubber compounding 共混blend 捏和kneading 冷轧cold rolling 压延性calenderability 压延calendaring 埋置embedding 压片performing 模塑molding 模压成型compression molding 压缩成型compression forming 冲压模塑impact moulding, shock moulding 叠模压塑stack moulding 复合成型composite molding 注射成型injection molding 注塑压缩成型injection compression molding 射流注塑jet molding 无流道冷料注塑runnerless injection molding 共注塑coinjection molding 气辅注塑gas aided injection molding 注塑焊接injection welding 传递成型transfer molding
常用保险术语 保险费率 premium rate 单位保险金额应该收取的保险费。 损失 loss 非故意的、非预期的和非计划的经济价值的减少或灭失。通常分为直接损失和间接损失。 损失程度 loss severity 保险标的可能遭受的损失的严重程度。 直接损失 direct loss 由风险事故导致的财产本身的损失。 间接损失 indirect loss 由直接损失引起的额外费用损失、收入损失和责任损失等无形损失。 保险 insurance 投保人根据合同约定，向保险人支付保险费，保险人对于合同约定的可能发生的事故因其发生所造成的财产损失承担赔偿保险金责任，或者当被保险人死亡、伤残、疾病或者达到合同约定的年龄、期限时承担给付保险金责任的商业保险行为。 财产保险 property insurance 以财产及其有关利益为保险标的的保险。 企业财产保险 commercial property insurance 以单位、团体所有或占有的在指定地点的财产及其有关利益为保险标的的财产保险。 营业中断保险 business interruption insurance 以单位因停产、停业或经营受影响而面临的预期利润的减少及必要的费用支出为保险标的的财产保险。 机器损坏保险 machinery breakdown insurance 以各类已安装完毕并投入运行的机器为保险标的财产保险。 货物运输保险 cargo insurance 以运输途中的货物为保险标的保险。 海上货物运输保险 ocean marine cargo insurance 以通过海上运输方式运输的货物作为保险标的的保险。 陆上货物运输保险 inland transit insurance 以通过陆上运输方式运输的货物为保险标的的保险。
1.基本术语 1.1.铸造 foundry, founding, casting 1.2.铸造工艺 foundry technology 1.3.铸件 casting 1.4.砂型铸造 sand casting process 1.5.特种铸造 special casting process 2.合金性能 2.1.流动性 fluidity 2.2.充型能力 mold-filling capacity 2.3.吸气 gas absorption 2.4.过冷 undercooling, supercooling 2.5.过冷度 degree of undercooling 2.6.成核 nucleation 2.7.自发成核（均质成核） homogeneous nucleation 2.8.非自发成核（非均质成核） heterogeneous nucleation 2.9.凝固温度范围 solidification range 2.10.定向凝固（顺序凝固） directional solidification 2.11.液态收缩（液体收缩） liquid contraction 2.12.凝固收缩 solidification contraction 2.1 3.固态收缩（固体收缩） solid contraction 2.14.凝固时间 solidification time 2.15.自由收缩 free contraction 2.16.受阻收缩 hindered contraction 2.17.铸件线收缩率 shrinkage 2.18.收缩应力 contraction stress 2.19.热应力 thermal stress 2.20.相变应力 transformation stress, phase change stress 2.21.铸造应力 casting stress 2.22.残留应力（残余应力） residual stress 3.铸造用材料 3.1.金属原材料 3.1.1.金属原材料 metallic raw material 3.1.2.生铁 pig iron 3.1.3.铁合金 ferro-alloy 3.1. 4.回炉料 foundry returns 3.1.5.中间合金 master alloy 3.2.燃料 3.2.1.铸造焦炭 foundry coke 3.2.2.冶金焦炭 metallurgical coke 3.2.3.固定碳 fixed carbon 3.3.熔剂 3.3.1.熔剂 flux 3.3.2.除气熔剂（除气剂） degassing flux 3.3.3.覆盖熔剂（覆盖剂） covering flux 3.3. 4.精炼熔剂（精炼剂） refining flux 3.3.5.耐火材料 3.3.6.耐火度（耐火性） refractoriness 3.3.7.耐火砖 firebrick 3.3.8.耐火粘土 fireclay 3.3.9.硅砖 silica brick 3.3.10.镁砂 grain magnesite 3.4.造型材料 3.4.1.造型材料 molding material 3.4.2.砂 sand 3.4.3.水洗砂 washed-out sand 3.4.4.硅砂 silica sand 3.4.5.天然砂 natural sand
软件工程专业词汇中英 对照 The manuscript was revised on the evening of 2021
Acceptance Testing－－可接受性测试一般由用户/客户进行的确认是否可以接受一个产品的验证性测试。 actual outcome－－实际结果被测对象在特定的条件下实际产生的结果。 Ad Hoc Testing－－随机测试测试人员通过随机的尝试系统的功能，试图使系统中断。 algorithm－－算法一个定义好的有限规则集，用于在有限步骤内解决一个问题；（2）执行一个特定任务的任何操作序列。 algorithm analysis－－算法分析一个软件的验证确认任务，用于保证选择的算法是正确的、合适的和稳定的，并且满足所有精确性、规模和时间方面的要求。 Alpha Testing－－Alpha测试由选定的用户进行的产品早期性测试。这个测试一般在可控制的环境下进行的。 analysis－－分析分解到一些原子部分或基本原则，以便确定整体的特性；（2）一个推理的过程，显示一个特定的结果是假设前提的结果；（3）一个问题的方法研究，并且问题被分解为一些小的相关单元作进一步详细研究。 anomaly－－异常在文档或软件操作中观察到的任何与期望违背的结果。 application software－－应用软件满足特定需要的软件。 architecture－－构架一个系统或组件的组织结构。 ASQ－－自动化软件质量（Automated Software Quality）使用软件工具来提高软件的质量。 assertion－－断言指定一个程序必须已经存在的状态的一个逻辑表达式，或者一组程序变量在程序执行期间的某个点上必须满足的条件。assertion checking－－断言检查用户在程序中嵌入的断言的检查。 audit－－审计一个或一组工作产品的独立检查以评价与规格、标准、契约或其它准则的符合程度。 audit trail －－审计跟踪系统审计活动的一个时间记录。 Automated Testing－－自动化测试使用自动化测试工具来进行测试，这类测试一般不需要人干预，通常在GUI、性能等测试中用得较多。 Backus-Naur Form－－BNF范式一种分析语言，用于形式化描述语言的语法 baseline－－基线一个已经被正式评审和批准的规格或产品，它作为进一步开发的一个基础，并且必须通过正式的变更流程来变更。 Basic Block－－基本块一个或多个顺
五金模具常用专业术语中英文对照表 上模座upper die set成型公form punch 脱料板stripper 垫板subplate/backup plate 下模座die plate滑块CAM slider 垫脚parallel 误检misfeeder 托板mounting plate顶料销kick off 初始管位first start pin带肩螺丝shoulder screw 两用销lifter pin氮气汽缸gas spring 弹簧护套spring cage 拔牙螺丝jack screw 侧冲组件cam section 导正装置guide equipment 漏废料孔slug hole刀口trim line 加强装置enhance equipment 入子insert 护套bushing 整形公restrike forming punch 止挡板stop plate 挂台head 扣位pocket of head 导柱guide post 导套guide bushing 油嘴oil nipple 接刀口mismatch/cookie bites 限位块stop block 挡块stopper 浮块lifter 压块keeper 靠块heel 对正块alignment block 简易模prototype tooling 检具gage/checking fixture 料带图strip layout 闭合高度shut hight 俯视图top view 料带strip 公差tolerance 正视图front view 走位travel 避位/空pocket 退磁demagnetization 间隙clearance 真空热外理vacuum heat treatment 镗孔mill hole 表面外理surface coasting 镀钛TD coasting 沉头counter sink 精锣finish mill 线割wire cutting 穿丝孔first wire hole 斜度taper 镭射laser-cut 上夹板/固定座holder/retainer 下模座lower die set 成刑母公forming die
数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理axiom 定理theorem 计算calculation 运算operation 证明prove 假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.) 命题proposition 算术arithmetic 加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.) 被加数augend, summand 加数addend 和sum 减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend 减数subtrahend 差remainder 乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand, faciend 乘数multiplicator 积product 除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数dividend 除数divisor 商quotient 等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to 大于is greater than 小于is lesser than 大于等于is equal or greater than
小于等于is equal or lesser than 运算符operator 平均数mean 算术平均数arithmatic mean 几何平均数geometric mean n个数之积的n次方根倒数（reciprocal）x的倒数为1/x 有理数rational number 无理数irrational number 实数real number 虚数imaginary number 数字digit 数number 自然数natural number 整数integer 小数decimal 小数点decimal point 分数fraction 分子numerator 分母denominator 比ratio 正positive 负negative 零null, zero, nought, nil 十进制decimal system 二进制binary system 十六进制hexadecimal system 权weight, significance 进位carry 截尾truncation
专业词汇中英对照翻译----铁路工程词汇 线路工程 线路工程railway line engineering 铁路勘测;铁道勘测railway reconnaissance 铁路选线;铁道选线railway route selection; railway location; approximate railway location; location of railway route selection 经济勘察economic investigation 地质调查geological survey; geologic survey 方案比较project comparison 铁路勘探;铁道勘探railway exploration 铁路测量;铁道测量railway survey 线路测量route survey; profile survey; longitudinal survey 曲线测量curve survey 既有线测量survey of existing line; survey of existing railway 铁路线路图;铁道线路图railway map 定线location of line 铁路设计;铁道设计railway design 线路设计track design 平面设计plane design 纵断面设计longitudinal section design 横断面设计transverse section design 曲线设计curve design 车站设计station design 站场设计design of stations and yards 标准设计standard design 线路等级line grade 铁路限界;铁道限界railway clearance 建筑限界construction clearance 设计规范code of design 设计标准design standard 铁路线路;铁道线路railway line 铁路曲线;铁道曲线railway curve 缓和曲线transition curve; easement curve; spiral transition curve 小半径曲线small-radius curve 曲线半径curve radius 曲线超高superelevation on curve; cant; elevation of curve 欠超高inadequate superelevation; deficient superelevation 未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration 竖曲线vertical curve 坡道gradient 坡度grade; gradient;slope 限制坡度ruling grade; limiting grade 坡度折减grade compensation; compensation of gradient; gradient compensation 避难线refuge siding; catch siding 双线插入段double track interpolation 铁路连接线;铁道连接线railway connecting line 隧道内线路line in tunnel 桥头引线bridge approach 站线siding 站线长度length of station line 铁路标志;铁道标志railway sign 警冲标fouling point indicator; fouling post 线路中心线track center line; central lines of track 线间距离;线间距distance between centres of lines; distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks 线路试验;线路实验track test; road test; running test 路基subgrade 铁路路基;路基;铁道路基railway subgrade; subgrade 软土路基soft soil subgrade 沙漠路基desert subgrade 冻土路基permafrost subgrade 膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone 路基基床subgrade bed 路堤embankment; fill 高路堤high-fill embankment 路堑cut; road cutting 深路堑deep cutting 路肩road shoulder; subgrade shoulder 边坡side slope 护坡revetment; slope protection; pitching 路基滑动subgrade slip 滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment 路基排水subgrade drainage 塑料排水板plastic drainage board 路基加固subgrade strengthening 土工织物geotextile 挡土墙;挡墙retaining walls 锚定板anchor plate 锚杆anchor bolt 抗滑桩antiskid pile; anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile 加筋土reinforced earth 植被vegetation 路基防护subgrade protection 防护工程protective engineering 防护林protection forest 防沙sand proof 固沙stabilization of sand 输导砂sediment transport 路侧建筑物roadside structure 排水沟weeper drain;weep drain; drainage ditch; drain ditch 挡风墙wind-shield wall; wind-break wall 隔声墙sound-proof wall 防雪栅snow fence; snow guard 轨道理论track theory 轨道设计track design 轨道参数track parameter 轨距track gauge; rail gage;rail gauge 轨距加宽track gauge widening 轨底坡cant of rail; rail cant 轨道力学track dynamics; track mechanics 轨道强度track strength 轨道阻力track resistance 道床阻力trackbed resistance; ballast resistance 扣固力fastening force 钢轨应力rail stress 轨道承载力track bearing capacity 轨道稳定性track stability; stability of track 轨道试验;轨道实验track test 轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction; wheel-rail relation 轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics 轮轨作用力wheel-rail force 轮轨接触wheel-rail contact 接触应力contact stress 轨道结构track structure 轨道track 铁路轨道;轨道;铁道轨道railway track; track 线路上部建筑;轨道track superstructure; track 重型轨道heavy track 宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track 板式轨道slab track; slab-track 整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track 防振轨道anti-vibration track 高架轨道elevated track 无缝线路jointless line; continuously welded rail track; jointless track