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概率论与数理统计-期末测试(新)第二章练习题

概率论与数理统计-期末测试(新)第二章练习题
概率论与数理统计-期末测试(新)第二章练习题

概率论与数理统计-期末测试(新)第二章练习题

一、选择题

1、离散型随机变量X 的分布律为(),1,2,k

P X k b k λ===L ,

则λ为( )。

(A)0λ>的任意实数 (B)1

b λ=+ (C)

1

1b

λ=

+

(D)11b λ=-

2、设随机变量X 的分布律为()!k

P X k ak λ==(λ>0,k=1,2,3,…),则a = ( )。

(A)e λ

- (B) e λ (C) 1e λ-- (D) 1

e

λ

-

3、离散型随机变量X 的分布律为

{},0,1,2,3!

k

A

P X k k k ==

=L 则常数A 应为( )。

(A) 3

1e (B) 3

1-e (C) 3

-e (D) 3

e

4、离散型随机变量X 20251357Pr.

248X

a a a

a

-,

则{||2|0}P X X ≤≥为( )。

(A)21

29 (B)2229 (C)23 (D)13

5、随机变量X 服从0-1分布,又知X 取1的概

10、随机变量X 的分布律为:

1

()(),1,2,2(1)

P X n P X n n n n ===-=

=+L

,则()E X =( )。

(A)0 (B)1 (C)0.5 (D)不存在

11、具有下面分布律的随机变量中数学期望不存在的是( )。 (A)

32

,1,2,...

3k k P X k k ??===???

? (B) {},0,0,1,2,...

!

k

P X k e k k λλλ-==

>=

(C)

{}1,1,2,...

2k

P X k k ??

=== ???

(D)

{}()

11,01,0,1.

k

k P X k p p p k -==-<<=

12、设随机变量X 服从λ=2的泊松分布。则随机变量2Y X =的方差()Var Y =( )。

(A) 8 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) 16

13、随机变量X 服从泊松分布,参数4=λ,则

2()X E =

( )。

(A) 16 (B) 20 (C) 4 (D) 12

14、如果( ),则X 一定服从普哇松分布。 (A)

()()

E X Var X = (B)

2()()

E X E X =

(C)X 取一切非负整数值

(D) X 是有限个相互独立且都服从参数为λ的普哇松分布的随机变量的和。

15、设随机变量X 服从参数为λ的普哇松分布,

又1()1

x f x x ?=?

-?

为偶数为奇数

,()Y f X =,则(1)P Y ==( )。

(A)

212

e λ

-+ (B) 212

e λ

-- (C)

22

e λ- (D)

以上都不对

16、设随机变量X 只取正整数N ,且2

()C

P X N N ==,

则C =( )。

(A)1 (B)2

6π (C)16 (D)13

17、设随机变量X 的期望()0E X ≥,且2

1(1)2

2

E X

-=,

11(1)22

Var X -=

,则()E X 等于( )。

(A)22

18、设随机变量X 的二阶矩存在,则( )。 (A)2

()()

E X E X < (B) 2

()()

E X

E X ≥ (C) 2

2

()(())E X

E X < (D)

22

()(())E X E X ≥

19、设

2

20()00

x

c

x e x p x c

x -??>=??≤?

是随机变量X 的概率密度,

则常数c 为( )。

(A) 可以是任意非零常数 (B) 只能是任意正常数 (C) 仅取1 (D) 仅取1-

20、设随机变量X 的概率密度为||2

(),x p x Ae x -=-∞<<+∞

则A =( )。

(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 12 (D) 1

4

21、已知随机变量X 的分布函数()22

2x

t F x e

dt

π

-

=?,

则()F x -的值等于( )。 (A) ()

F x (B)

1()

F x - (C)

()

F x - (D)

1

()2

F x +

22、标准正态分布的函数

22

()2x t x e

dt

π

-

Φ=

?,已知

()()

a a Φ=Φ-,且(0.5)0.6915Φ=,则()a Φ的值是( )。

(A) 0.6915 (B) 0.5 (C) 0 (D) 0.3085

23、设X 的密度函数为||

1(),2x p x e

x -=-∞<<+∞

,则2Y X =的

密度函数为()Y

p y =( )。

(A) ||

2

,y e

y -

-∞<<+∞

(B) ||2

1,4

y e y --∞<<+∞

(C) |2|

1,2

y e y --∞<<+∞ (D)

||2

1,2

y e y --∞<<+∞

24、设X 的密度函数为2

1

(),(1)

p x x x π=-∞<<+∞+,而2Y X

=,则Y 的密度函数()Y

p y =( )。

(A)

21

,(1)

y y π-∞<<+∞

+ (B)

2

1

,(1)4

y y π-∞<<+∞

+

(C)

21

,(4)

y y π-∞<<+∞

+ (D)

2

2

,(4)

y y π-∞<<+∞+

25、设随机变量X 的概率密度为()p x ,12Y X =-,则Y 的分布密度为( )。

(A) 11()22y p - (B) 11()2

y

p -- (C) 1

(

)2

y p -- (D)

2(12)

p y -

26、设随机变量X 具有连续的密度函数()p x ,则

Y aX b =+(0,a b

≠是常数)的密度函数为( )。 (A) 1||

y b p a a -?? ???

(B)

1y b p a a -??

???

(C)

1y b p a a --?? ???

(D) 1||y b p a

a ??- ???

27、设连续型随机变量X 的分布函数

1

1

() ()2F x arctgx x π=

+-∞<<+∞,则(3)

P X ==( )。

(A) 16 (B) 56 (C) 0 (D)2

3

28、设X 的概率密度函数为||

1() ()

2

x p x e

x -=-∞<<+∞,又

()()

F x P X x =≤,则0x <时,()F x =( )。

(A) 112x

e

- (B) 112x

e -- (C) 1

2

x

e - (D) 12

x e

29、设X 是在区间[0,1]取值的连续型随机变量,且(0.29)0.75P X ≤=。如果1Y X =-,则当k =( )时,()0.25P Y k ≤=。

(A)0.71 (B)0.5 (C)0.3

(D)0.21

30、若X 的概率密度函数为2

44

(),x

x p x x π

-+-=-∞<<+∞

则有( )。 (A)

~(0, 1)

X N (B)

2

~(2, (

) )2

X N

(C)2

1~(4, () )2X N (D)2

~(2, 1 )X N

31、设随机变量X 的密度函数()p x 是连续的偶函数(即()()p x p x =-),而()F x 是X 的分布函数,则对任意实数a 有( )。

(A) ()()F a F a =- (B) 0

()1()a

F a p x dx

-=-?

(C) 0

1()()2

a F a p x dx -=-? (D)()()F a F a -=

32、设X 在[]3, 5-上服从均匀分布,事件B 为“方程2

10x Xx -+=有实根”,则()P B =( )。

(A) 12 (B) 3

4 (C) 38 (D) 1

33、随机变量2

~(, )X N a σ,记()(||)g P X a σσ=-<,则随着

σ

的增大,()g σ之值( )。

(A) 保持不变 (B) 单调增大 (C) 单调减少 (D) 增减性不确定

34、设随机变量X 的概率密度为

()()2

26

,23

x p x x π--

=

-∞<<+∞

,则X 的方差是( )。

(A) 3

(B) 6

(C) 3 (D) 6

35、对于随机变量X ,()0Var X =是()1P X C ==(C 是常数)的( )。

(A) 充分条件,但不是必要条件 (B) 必要条件,但不是充分条件 (C) 充分条件又是必要条件 (D)

既非充分条件又非必要条件

36、若随机变量X 的概率密度为

()2

44

,x

x p x x π

-+-=

-∞<<+∞

,则X 的数学期望是( )。

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

37、设设随机变量2(0,)

X N σ:,λ是任意实数,则有

( )。 (A) ()1()P X P X λλ≤=-≤- (B) ()()

P X P X λλ≤=≥ (C) 2||(0,||)

X N λλσ: (D)

22(0,)

X N λσλ++:

38、设()p x 是随机变量X 的概率密度,则0()1p x ≤≤的充分条件是( )。 (A) (0,0.01)

X N : (B)

2(,)

X N μσ: (C)

1~0.5,16X N ?

? ?

?

?

(D) (10,1)

X N :

39、设随机变量(2,18)

X N :

,()(0,1)

Y f X aX b N ==+:

,则

()f X =

( )。

(A) 218

X - (B)

32

(C) 2

18

X + (D)

322

X +

40、在下面的命题中,错误的是( )。 (A) 若(0,1)X N :,则2

()1

E X = (B) 若X 服从参数为λ的普哇松分布,则2

2

()2E X λ=

(C) 若(1,)X b p :,则2

()E X

p

= (D) 若X 服从区间[a ,b]

上的均匀分布,则22

2

()3

a a

b b E X ++=

41、下列命题中错误的是( )。 (A) 若X 服从参数为λ的普哇松分布,则()()E X Var X λ==

(B) 若X 服从参数为λ的指数分布,则

1

()()E X Var X λ

==

(C) 若(1,)X b p :,则(),()(1)E X p Var X p p ==-

(D) 若X 服从区间[a ,b]上的均匀分布,则

22

2

()3

a a

b b E X ++=

42、随机变量X 服从参数为λ的指数分布,则当λ=(

)时,2

()18E X =。

(A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 16 (D) 1

3

43、随机变量X 服从]3 ,3[-上的均匀分布,则2

()E X =

( )。 (A) 3 (B) 29 (C) 9 (D) 18

44、设随机变量X 在区间[2,5]上服从均匀分布。现对X 进行三次独立观测,则至少有两次观测值大于3的概率为( )。

(A)2027 (B)27

30 (C)25 (D)23

45、设随机变量X 具有对称的概率密度,()F x 是其分布函数,则对任意0a >,{||}P X a >等于( )。 (A) 12()

F a - (B)

2()1

F a - (C)

2()

F a - (D)

2[1()]

F a -

46、设随机变量

22(,4),(,5)

X N Y N μμ~~,

12(4),(5)

p P X p P Y μμ=≤-=≥+,则( )。

(A)对任意实数μ,1

2

p

p = (B) 对任意实数μ,

1

2

p p <

(C) 只对μ的个别值,1

2

p p = (D) 对任意实数μ,

1

2

p p >

47、随机变量2(2,),(04)0.3

X N P X σ<<=~,则(0)P X <=

( )

(A) 0.65 (B)0.95 (C)0.35 (D)0.25

48、下列函数为密度函数的是( )

(A)2(1||),

||1()0,

X x f x -≤?=?

?

其余

(B) 1/2,

||2()0,

x f x ≤?=?

?

其余

(C) 2

2

()2,0()20,

0x x f x x μσσπ

--?≥=

,0

()0,

0x e x f x x -?≥=?

49、设随机变量X 的分布函数()F x ,则31Y X =+的分布函数为( ) (A)

11

()33

F y - (B)

(31)

F y + (C) 3()1F y + (D)

11

()33

F y -

50、在下述函数中,可以作为某个随机变量的分布函数的是( )

(A) 2

1()1F x x =+ (B)11

()arctan 2

F x x π=+ (C)

1(1),0

()2

0,

0x

e x F x x -?->?=??≤? (D) ()()x F x

f t dt

-∞

=?

,其中

()1

f t dt +∞-∞

=?

51、设随机变量X 在区间(2,5)上服从均匀分布.现对X 进行三次独立观测,则至少有两次观测值大于3的概率为( ).

(A) 2027 (B) 27

30 (C) 25

(D) 23

52、设随机变量X 的概率密度为()p x ,则()p x 一定满足( )。

(A )()01p x ≤≤ (B )()()x

P X x p t dt

-∞

>=?

(C ) ()1

xp x dx +∞-∞

=? (D )

()()x

P X x p t dt

-∞

<=?

53、设连续型随机变量X 的分布函数为()F x ,密度

函数为()p x ,而且X 与X -有相同的分布函数,则( )

(A )()()F x F x =- (B )()()F x F x =-- (C )()()p x p x =- (D )()()p x p x =--

54、设随机变量X 的概率密度为

34,()0,

x p x ?=??0

,其他a 为

(0,1)

间的数,使{}{}P X a P X a >=<,则a =( ).

(A)

4

2

(B)

42 (C) 12

(D) 412

55、设随机变量(1,4)

X N :

,则下列变量必服从(0,1)

N 分布的是 ( )

(A )14X - (B )13X - (C )12X - (D) 21X +

56、随机变量X 的分布函数为

30,

0(),01,

1,1x F x x x x

=≤≤??>?

()E X =

( ).

(A) 4

x dx ∞

? (B) 1

3

3x dx ? (C) 1

4

x dx ?

(D) 30

3x dx

?

57、设随机变量X 的期望()0E X ≥,2

1(1)2

2

E X

-=,

11(1)22

D X -=,则()

E X =( )(A )22(B )

1 (C )

2 (D )0

58、设随机变量X 的概率密度为2

4,01(1)()0,x x p x π?

<

,其他则()E X =( ).

(A) πln2 (B) ln 4 (C) ln 4π (D) ln 82π

59、设连续型随机变量X 的概率密度函数为

332

,0(4)()0,x x p x ?>?

+=???

其他随机变量4Y X =+,则()E Y =( ).

(A) 8 (B) 6 (C) 4 (D) 10

60、某随机变量X 的概率密度为2(1),01

()0,x x p x -<

其他

则()Var X =( ).

(A) 112 (B) 1

18 (C) 116

(D) 1

14

二、填空题

1、 某射手每次射击命中目标的概率是0.8,现连续射击30次,则命中目标的次数X 的概率分布律为

_____________________________________。

2、某射手每次射击命中目标的概率是0.8,现连续向一个目标射击,直至第一次命中目标为止,则射击次数X 的概率分布律为_______________________________。

3、重复独立地掷一枚均匀硬币,直到出现正面为止,设X 表示首次出现正面的试验次数,则X 的概率分布律为___________-_________________。

4、设随机变量X 的分布律为{}!k C e P X k k λ

λ-==(0,2,4,...k =),

则C=______________。(注:∑∞

=-+=02)(21)!

2(n x x

n e e n x )

5、 设X 服从参数为λ的普哇松分布,且已知

(2)(4)

P X P X ===,则λ=_________。

6、若X 服从二项分布~(4, )X B p ,且知{}65181P X ≥=,则p =___________。

7.、已知随机变量X 的分布律为

210123

1

Pr.4310412X

a a a a a

--,2

Y X =,则Y 的分布律为

__________________________。

8、 设离散型随机变量X 服从参数为4的普哇松分布,则32X -的分布律为___________。

9、 设随机变量X 的分布函数为

10.411()()0.8131

3x x F x P X x x x <-??-≤

=≤=?

___________________________。

10、已知随机变量X服从参数为2的普哇松分

布,且随机变量32

=-,则()

Y X

E Y=___________。

11、设X表示10次独立重复射击命中目标的次数,每次射中目标的概率为0.4,则

2

E X=_______。

()

12、设随机变量X服从参数为λ的普哇松分布,

且已知[(1)(2)]1

--=,则λ=_______。

E X X

13、随机变量X服从二项分布,已知()20

E X=,Var X=,则X的分布律为__________________。

()4

14、随机变量X服从普哇松分布,且2()20

E X=,

则()

E X=______________。

15、随机变量X服从普哇松分布,且()0.2

E X=,则

2

E X=____________。

()

16、设随机变量(100,0.8)

=+,则当

X b

:,令Y aX b

a=______,b=_______,可使()0

Var Y=。

E Y=,()1

17、已知1{) (0, 1, 2, ), 41!P X k k Y X k e

====-L ,则()E Y =

_______,()Var Y =_________。

18、设事件A 在一次试验中发生的概率为p ,进行100次重复独立试验,X 表示A 发生的次数,当p =______时,()Var X 取得最大值,其最大值为__________。 19、如果

()21 03

1 03x

x e x F x A e x -?≤??=?

?->??

是某连续型随机变量的

分布函数,则A =_________。

20、设连续型随机变量X 的分布函数

1 02

()11 02

x

x e x F x e x -?≤??=?

?->??,则(||1)P X <=_____________。

21、设随机变量X 服从2

(,)N μσ(其中2

,μσ已知,

且0σ>),如果1()2P X k <=,则k =_________。

新概念英语第二册lesson1-48期末测试卷.

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实验名称:正态分布综合实验 实验目的:通过本次实验,了解Matlab在概率与数理统计领域的应用,学会用matlab做概率密度曲线,概率分布曲线,直方图,累计百分比曲线等简单应用;同时加深对正态分布的认识,以更好得应用之。 实验内容: 实验分析: 本次实验主要需要运用一些matlab函数,如正态分布随机数发生器normrnd函数、绘制直方图函数hist函数、正态分布密度函数图形绘制函数normpdf函数、正态分布分步函数图形绘制函数normcdf等;同时,考虑到本次实验重复性明显,如,分别生成100,1000,10000个服从正态分布的随机数,进行相同的实验操作,故通过数组和循环可以简化整个实验的操作流程,因此,本次实验程序中要设置数组和循环变量。 实验过程: 1.直方图与累计百分比曲线 1)实验程序 m=[100,1000,10000]; 产生随机数的个数 n=[2,1,0.5]; 组距 for j=1:3 for k=1:3 x=normrnd(6,1,m(j),1); 生成期望为6,方差为1的m(j)个 正态分布随机数

a=min(x); a为生成随机数的最小值 b=max(x); b为生成随机数的最大值 c=(b-a)/n(k); c为按n(k)组距应该分成的组数 subplot(1,2,1); 图形窗口分两份 hist(x,c);xlabel('频数分布图'); 在第一份里绘制频数直方图 yy=hist(x,c)/1000; yy为各个分组的频率 s=[]; s(1)=yy(1); for i=2:length(yy) s(i)=s(i-1)+yy(i); end s[]数组存储累计百分比 x=linspace(a,b,c); subplot(1,2,2); 在第二个图形位置绘制累计百分 比曲线 plot(x,s,x,s);xlabel('累积百分比曲线'); grid on; 加网格 figure; 另行开辟图形窗口,为下一个循 环做准备 end end 2)实验结论及过程截图 实验结果以图像形式展示,以下分别为产生100,1000,10000个正态分布随机数,组距分别为2,1,0.5的频数分布直方图和累积百分比曲线,从实验结果看来,随着产生随机数的数目增多,组距减小,累计直方图逐渐逼近正态分布密度函数图像,累计百分比逐渐逼近正态分布分布函数图像。

新概念第二册期末测试卷

新概念第二册起点班期末考试试卷 Name:___________ Score:___________(满分70) 一.单选题(20分) 1. The little boat has sailed _____ the Atlantic many times. A. cross B. across C. through D. over 2. Captain Alison will ______ at eight o’clock. A. set out B. set up C. take off D. put on 3. He will ______ an important race. A. enter B. take in C. take part in D. enter 4. ______, the police will have a difficult time. A. Than usual B. As usual C. Usual D. Often 5. I will meet you _______ the station. A. in B. on C. at D. over 6. After I ______ a small village, I drove on to the next town. A. left B. leaves C. had left D. have left 7. _______ of the two men spoke during the journey. A. None B. All C. Either D. Neither 8. “Good morning”, I ________. A. said B. talked C. spoke D. told 9. I _______ the town at five o’clock in the afternoon. A. arrived B. reached C. got D. went 10. He always borrows money ______ his friends, but never lends money ______ his friends. A. for; to B. to; from C. from; to D. from; for 11. There are ________ of students in the classroom. A. a large many B. a large sum C. a great number D. a great many 12. Everybody _______ I must be mad. A. speaks B. say C. says D. talks 13. I usually ______ two hours _____ my homework. A. spend; in B. spend; on C. cost; on D. pay; in 14. There is still ______ water in the bottle. Drink it! A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 15. - I have lived in London and Pairs. - Which city do you like? - I don’t like _______ of them. I like Hangzhou best. A. neither B. either C. none D. both 16. Jane always calls _______ the restaurant because the food there is very delicious. A. on B. in C. at D. / 17. _______ me, everyone will go to the party. I feel so sorry.

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