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【人教版】2020中考化学真题分类汇编 1考点5 物质的变化与性质 1物质的变化 1化学变化 诗句和成语

【人教版】2020中考化学真题分类汇编 1考点5 物质的变化与性质 1物质的变化 1化学变化 诗句和成语
【人教版】2020中考化学真题分类汇编 1考点5 物质的变化与性质 1物质的变化 1化学变化 诗句和成语

物质的构成和变化考点5 物质的变化与性质

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1.(2018山东省菏泽市,题号1,分值2)成语、俗语、古诗词是古人留给我们的宝贵精神财富,下列词句中蕴含化学变化的是

A.木已成舟 B.只要功夫深,铁杵磨成针

C.百炼成钢 D.忽如一夜春风来,千树万树梨花开

【答案】C

【解析】此题主要考查化学变化的判断。化学变化是生成其他物质的变化。

A.木已成舟过程中只是木材的形状发生了变化,没有其他物质生成,属于物理变化,故错误;

B.铁杵磨成针过程中只是铁的形状发生了变化,没有其他物质生成,属于物理变化,故错误;

C.百炼成钢过程中碳在加热的条件下和氧气反应生成二氧化碳,有其他物质生成,属于化学变化,故正确;

D.忽如一夜春风来,千树万树梨花开过程中没有其他物质生成,属于物理变化,故错误。

【知识点】物理变化和化学变化的判断。

(18荆州)1.下列典故中,主要体现化学变化的是()

A.火烧赤壁 B.刻舟求剑 C.司马光砸缸D.铁杵磨成针

(18宿迁)1.成语是中华民族智慧的结晶。下列成语所描述的变化涉及化学变化的是

A.刻舟求剑

B.滴水成冰

C.抱薪救火

D.聚沙成塔

(18威海)5.描述物质变化的成语有:①滴水成冰;③死灰复燃;③木已成舟;④火烧赤壁;⑤沙里淘金;⑥火上浇油;⑦百炼成钢;⑧花香四溢;⑨玉石俱焚,其中属于化学变化的是

A.②③④⑤⑥⑦ B.④⑤⑥⑦⑨ C.①③④⑤⑧⑨ D. ②④⑥⑦⑨

(18凉山州)1.古诗词是中国传统文化的瑰宝。下列古诗词中蕴含着化学变化的是()

A.野火烧不尽,春风吹又生

B.夜来风雨声,花落知多少

C.忽如一夜春风来,千树万树梨花开

D.宝剑锋从磨砺出,梅花香自苦寒来

(18南充)1.诗词是民族灿烂文化的瑰宝。下列著名诗句所反映的物质变化主要与化学变化相关的是

A.忽如一夜春风来,千树万树梨花开。

B.落红不是无情物,化作春泥更护花。

C.夜来风雨声,花落知多少。

D.日日思君不见君,共饮一江水。

(18广东)2.中华传统文化博大精深,下列古诗中不涉及化学变化的是

A.梅须逊雪三分白,雪却输梅一段香

B.爆竹声中一岁除,春风送暖入屠苏

C.爝火燃回春浩浩,洪炉照破夜沉沉

D.千锤万凿出深山,烈火焚烧若等闲

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