2019 年 8 月 10 日托福考试真题解析
作为托福改版后的首场大陆考试，上周六的这场考试可以说是新版本的风向标了，很多考生
都觉得难哭了。说好的轻松三小时，结果哭晕在考场，纷纷表示改日再战。
虽然有部分浙江考生在台风中接到了取消考试的通知没能考成，大多数同学还是如约接受了
新考试的洗礼，接下来我们来看一下改版后的具体变化。
2019 年 8 月 10 日托福考试写作真题回顾
一、2019年8月10日托福考试综合写作
阅读：The Everglades的生态系统面临着三个严重的问题。
听力：提出解决方案。
阅读：The Everglades这个地区生态系统的三个问题
1.外来物种入侵（the spread of invasive animals）
2.水资源减少引起干枯（drying）
3.high levels of mercury 对物种造成损害
听力：解决阅读提出的三个问题
1.限制农民使用造成入侵animals大规模生长的肥料（肥料给invasive animals提供了
nutrients）。
2.减少造成水量减少的water channels（以前这个地区经常有洪水，water channels是
为了用来排水）。
3.使用汞含量低的煤替代。
话题分类：环境类
解题思路：
解释清楚听力部分如何解决阅读部分的问题即可。
参考范文：
The lectur e raises three solutions to the Everglades’ ecosystem problems in the reading passage.
First, the reading points out that the Everglades is faced with the spread of invasive animals. Nevertheless, the listening addresses this concern by offering a solution, which is to restrict farmers to use fertilizers. This is because fertilizers provide invasive species with nutrients, and are seemed to be the culprit of making them spread on a large scale. Hence, keeping the usage of fertilizers on a tight rein makes sense.
Second, while the reading contends that the decline in water resource and the subsequent drying issue is quite alarming in the Everglades, the lecture claims that it can be tackled by decreasing the number of water channels, which were used to drain flood water because the flood damage was serious. However, considering less water in this region now, these water channels should be reduced.
Third, despite the concern from the reading that high levels of mercury pose threats to species in this area, the lecture argues that we can use coal with lower levels of mercury to deal with this problem.
二、2019年8月10日托福考试独立写作
（重复2017年10月29日真题）
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: A university should offer students a public speaking course and require all students to take this course to graduate. Give specific examples and details to support your answer.
话题分类：教育类
解题思路：
利弊类题目，将自己的观点写清楚、写完整、写地道即可
参考范文：
It is my conviction that a public speaking course ought to be set as a must-have one for all university students before they graduate.
At first glance, requiring every student facing his/her graduation to attend this course will increase their burden. It does not take a leap of the imagination to see how busy students who will graduate soon are. They have a lot to cope with, ranging from their academic tasks, like writing papers, to their preparation for a job, such as working as an intern. In this case, an additional course perhaps will be the last straw, considering that taking this course may be time-consuming and distracting for students at this turning point. In other words, they have to devote
extra time and energy to learning public speaking, which explains why some may blame this course for students’ excessive pressure.
A closer look, however, suggests that attending the public speaking course effectively paves the way for students’ future career. Today, it is not uncommon that in the work place, many people’s career is be deviled by lacking skills of
effectively expressing themselves, which adversely affects their work performance and dents their confidence. Worse still, for the same reason, some may even have difficulty in seeking employment. It justifies why the public speaking course is a boon to students, and why it is never premature to arm college students for job interviews or securing a place in the intense competition. Apparently, in the public speaking course, students can master tactics of making their voice heard; meanwhile, timid ones have opportunities to challenge themselves by speaking in public, which may encourage them to break through their reserve. To illustrate, I used to be a coward when it comes to giving my opinion, let alone a public speech. However, this is no longer the case since I attended a public speaking course in my college life, which did quell my fear of expressing myself in front of many people, thus making me self-assured and further enabling me to perform outstandingly in the job interview. Moreover, what we have learned in this course will continue to work when we expect to climb up to the top of our profession. This is because someone adept at delivering a speech publicly may attract more attention and gain more opportunities. Therefore, if the university makes the public speaking course
compulsory, it will contribute to students’ competitive edge in the cut-throat competition.
Conclusively, the importance of public speaking cannot be overstated, and requiring all to take the public speaking course before their graduation from college is advisable.
2019 年 8 月 10 日托福考试口语真题回顾
去掉了之前的Task1和Task5，现在的Task1直接就是是否同意的二选一题目。
独立口语：
Task1
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement that children should
be taught to be independent when they are very young. Use specific reasons
to support you answer.
解析：Task1是关于孩子们是否需要在很小的时候就被教育要成为独立的人。这道题是关于教育和品格的，正反都可以说，同意的话要强调习惯和自主的重要性，不同意则要强调能力
的不足。我们以不同意为例，理由：
1.孩子很小的时候能力不足无法做到独立。
When children are very young，maybe 2 or 3 years old，independency is beyond their ability so parents` help is desperately needed in their growth.
2.孩子很小的时候就开始独立可能会使得亲子关系和爱的培养不够。
During early stage of mental development , children may regard "encouraging independency" as a sign of parents not loving him or her, which may be harmful to family relationship.
参考范文：
I am big supporter of the idea that children should learn how to be independent at
their early ages. Cultivating children’s independence when they are still young can
create a series of benefits. If an 8-year-old girl is taught to solve problems and take care of herself, like figuring out how to make up with her friends when they have quarrels or packing lunches by herself, the girl is more likely to be self-reliant when
she gr ows up. Besides, independent kids will not easily swayed by other people’s opinions. Let’s say, there is a fat chance that an independent young man will insist on learning anthropology, rather than blindly choosing some so-called popular majors like what other people tell him to do.
综合口语：
Task2
Reading
solar panels 学校建立太阳能项目
Listening
男speaker虽然说agree with the statement但是说了一个同意的理由，一个不同意的理
由，但是最后说总体是同意的.
solar panel 减少学校开支
学生不满意取消seating area
Task3
Term
evergreen content 利用网页上的 useful information 去吸引顾客。
Example
例子是一个website，本来卖东西没人看，后来在网站旁边给了很多tips，通过没有expiration date 的article 帮助提高公司sales，这些tips 和产品相关，帮助人们工作efficient，所以人们看了 tips 就买产品了。
Task4
Topic
动物高效捕食的两种策略
Point1
capture
例子：一种蚂蚁会在地上挖陷阱
Point2
food attract
例子：一种鸟会把植物种子扔到水面上假装是鱼的食物，乘着鱼吃的时候把鱼抓住。
2019 年 8 月 10 日托福听力真题回顾
1.语速没有明显变化，文章难度也没有变化。
2.两个section的内容是由（1C+2L）+（1C+1L）组成的，加试为1C+1L的组合，section
之间的顺序是随机的。
3.1C+2L的做题时间仍然是10分钟，1C+1L的做题时间是6.5分钟。Conversation
找bio professor!是否能改考试时间后面
找bio professor论落叶的问题然后关于自然科学专业选择
movie club 的学生找老师讨论活动安排
鼓励学生课上发言
给图书馆拍照借相机然后带她进场
有学生让老师帮找书
Lecture
一种鸟，能飞过喜马拉雅山，讲的是它怎么使用更少的能量飞行，它会从低海拔飞到高海拔，以为总体耗能减少，然后它肺功能很好，可以维持高海拔飞行。最后教授提到低空飞行可能
physics 热水水蒸气和水的沸点。
细菌和降雨量和水循环。
电影制作的历史卢米埃尔兄弟。
由不同画家表现不同特点的george Washington。
新发现太阳属于r163 cluster。
一个人的sculpture特点。
2019 年 8 月 10 日托福考试阅读真题回顾
1.文章的内容没有变，题型本身也没有变，所以难度也基本没有变化。
2.原来一篇 14 个题，减掉了其中的 4 个题，改成了新版的考题。
3.减少的 4 题主要是：单词题，句子简化题，细节题。插入句子题和 Summary 题没有变。
4.做题时间由原来的 60 分钟减少为 54 分钟，也就是每篇文章从 20 分钟变成了 18 分钟。加试的话则是总共72分钟。
Passage1
陆地生物
有一幅图，是具有limb的一种古代鱼，但是图片没用；
科学家猜测在陆地生存的动物的进化时间；
据化石证据显示，某类两栖动物已经具备limb和lung，但是不是用于在陆地行走，而是用来在一些特殊水流（湍急的、浅水的地方）移动；
这些生物的一些特征。
Passage2
杀虫剂
苹果种植杀虫剂的普及使美国各地的人们都能在超级市场买到苹果（这同时也增加了人们对于吃新鲜水果的需求）；储藏技术的改进，虽然苹果采摘时间提前，导致一些苹果的质量下降，但是使人们可以一年四季都能吃到苹果。
Passage3
megafuna 灭绝原因
北美大型动物的灭绝，从时间上与人类移居的时间重叠。可能不是巧合。有可能是短期类捕猎大量导致的动物灭绝。部分大型动物，生育量低，成长时间长，比起小型动物更容易灭绝。即是人类不是大量捕猎，是长时间的轻量捕猎也可能会导致动物灭绝。
Passage4
人口迁徙导致的语言起源与演变
罗马人在英国修路：摒弃了英国原本的路巩固路基
archaeologyx 鸟的 behavior
地球气候水的起源。
Chinese silk
冰川：U型谷腐蚀，动不动的怎么影响
megafuna 灭绝原因人为原因是不是最主要原因
art sitter portray
Jupter moons 木星的卫星好像叫 Lo
birds territory 鸟类领地通过唱歌保护关于 mote
portraititure 【可能是加试】
词汇题：
sculpt
Adjacent
anticipate
barring
continually
critically
diversity
Incentive
motive
obstructed
properties
scrutiny
sculpt
undoubtedly
uniform
以上就是2019年8月10日托福考试真题，希望大家能够了解托福考试真题内容，更好地备考托福考试。
0308 托福试题 阅读( 55minutes ) Question 1-11 seen in putrefying materials .He did (10) this by passing air through guncotton filters, the fibers of which stop solid particles. After the guncotton was dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether, the particles that it had trapped fell to the bottom of the liquid and were examined on a microscope slide .Pasteur found that in ordinary air these exists a variety of solid structures ranging in size from 0.01 mm to more than 1.0 mm .Many of these bodies resembled the reproductive (15) structures of common molds, single-celled animals, and various other microbial cells . As many as 20 to 30 of them were found in fifteen If food is allowed to stand for some time, putrefies .When the putrefied material is examined microscopically ,it is teeming with bacteria. Where do these bacteria come from , since they are fresh food? Even until the mid-nineteenth century, many people believed microorganisms originated by spontaneous (5 ) generation ,a hypothetical living organisms develop from nonliving matter. The most powerful spontaneous generation microbiologist Louis showed that structures present in air closely found not that it to be seen in such process by which of the theory of French chemist and opponent was the Pasteur(1822-1895).Pasteur resemble the microorganisms
托福OG综合写作题目（1-3套） 智课出品 TEST1 Altruism is a type of behavior in which an animal sacrifices its own interest for that of another animal or group of animals. Altruism is the opposite of selfishness; individuals performing altruistic acts gain nothing for themselves. Examples of altruism abound, both among humans and among other mammals. Unselfish acts among humans range from the sharing of food with strangers to the donation of body organs to family members, and even to strangers. Such acts are altruistic in that they benefit another, yet provide little reward to the one performing the act. In fact, many species of animals appear willing to sacrifice food, or even their life, to assist other members of their group. The meerkat, which is a mammal that dwells in burrows in grassland areas of Africa, is often cited as an example. In groups of meerkats, an individual acts as a sentinel, standing guard and looking out for predators while the others hunt for food or eat food they have obtained. If the sentinel meerkat sees a predator such as a hawk approaching the group, it gives an alarm cry alerting the other meerkats to run and seek shelter. By standing guard, the sentinel meerkat gains nothing—it goes without food while the others eat, and it places itself in grave danger. After it issues an alarm, it has to flee alone, which might make it more at risk to a predator, since animals in groups are often able to work together to fend off a predator. So the altruistic sentinel behavior helps ensure the survival of other members of the meerkat’s group. Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they oppose specific points made in the reading passage. TEST2 Professors are normally found in university classrooms, offices, and libraries doing research and lecturing to their students. More and more, however, they also appear as guests on television news programs, giving expert commentary on the latest events in the world. These television appearances are of great benefit to the professors themselves as well as to their universities and the general public. Professors benefit from appearing on television because by doing so they acquire reputations as authorities in their academic fields among a much wider audience than they have on campus. If a professor publishes views in an academic journal, only other scholars will learn about and appreciate those views. But when a professor appears on TV, thousands of people outside the narrow academic community become aware of the professor’s ideas. So when profes sors share their ideas with a television audience, the professors’ importance as scholars is enhanced. Universities also benefit from such appearances. The universities receive positive publicity
高分托福高手经验谈作文 2019-02-26 第一次考托福的时候靠懵了，一出来的时候据我的同学说脸色是惨白的，8月19日那天突然降温，台风来了。我在风雨飘摇中在新东方作了最后一次模考(事后才知道是0401的)，自信心备受打击，没有到600。那天晚上我失眠了，11点的时候爬起来做语法，却发掘以前有很多信心的语法开始猛错。倒下睡觉。心里却碰碰直跳。12点半，我开始起来背托福词汇，自信心还是一点没有。那种自我怀疑的感觉到现在还历历在目。一晚没睡。第二天早上一听红牛就去考试。我那个据说能考到650的同学坐在我前面，我更加心神不宁。 分数出来了，我只有603…… 那时虽然复习时间不多，但我知道，自信心的缺乏才是考托福的第一大敌。一旦没有自信心，语感，神志，逻辑，心理，状态都会崩溃，然后做题的感觉和套路会大打折扣。 我从8月2日上新东方才开始正式复习托福。在那之前由于要准备SAT，我已经粗略的背过一遍红宝。但看到托福的题之后，最慌的是听力，然后是阅读。一开始我觉得托福的阅读是很难的。一方面是因为当时阅读的方法有问题，总是以整篇文章一起读，以为抓住了重点，却还要在众多细节题上回到文章重读。后来我根据新东方老师的“出题顺序与文章顺序大体一致”，分段读并且在题目中寻找答案的位置，还是有很大的提高的。另一方面是因为水平确实不够。阅读水平固然需要词汇，但是又牵涉到逻辑、语法之类的词汇间能力，对于当时只有高二英语水平的我来说，未免有些困难。第一次托福考完之后很快就恢复过来，开始准备SAT。SAT无论从词汇量还是文章难度上都比托福有了很大提高。SAT的题目第一次见到的时候就好像天书，觉得没有做得出来的题目。那时高三开学了，学习任务很重。每天复习到很晚，基本上都是在背单词以及阅读文章寻找做题感觉。文章读多了以后，虽然还是觉得很难，但逐渐看懂了。SAT的essay要求比较高，首先是没有模版的。虽然事先可以练一个定式，但废话模式肯定得不到高分。而且SAT写满46行却只给25分钟，这也是个很大的.挑战。这种作文模式我直到考SAT前还是要常常失误，心理没底。不过大概真的是aimhighandachieve，当我再次回到托福准备11T的时候，就突然发觉阅读变得简单了，那些句型和逻辑就好像是在看高考题，十分清晰，而且提问的问题也都可以方便的找到。这样信心就增加了一点。在写作文的时候，用的是一种半八股的方式，即有很多内容是事先写好的，由于有了SAT的练习，不到二十分钟一篇写满两页的作文就可以写好了。这样信心又增加了一点。至于听力，我在一段时间中一直在看英语的原版片，一段时间夏令营去了英国，与鬼子对话的同时，几天之内连看了 BatmanBegins,HarryPorter3,BJ,MinorityReport,Shreck等影片，当时满脑子都是对话和英语，虽然当中的很多习语在toefl中是不会出现的，但当我回到Toefl的时候，相似的情况出现了。听力也变得简单了，直观的感觉就是speaker的口齿清晰了，对话也慢了。这样一来，信心更多了。于是那天怀着
你要找的小托福考试阅读模拟题在这里！ 小托福的词汇量和语法难度相当于大学英语四级的水平，如果考生想要考一个好成绩，一定要多多练习，下文分享的就是小托福考试阅读模拟题，一起阅读下吧~ 在阅读部分，文章会涉及到人文学科、科学、社会科学等内容，学生要注意掌握文章主要内容，抓住关键点，了解作者意图并进行推理。同时，阅读部分的文章形式也十分多样，如电子邮件、信件、新闻、学生写作、广告、日程表等，学生需要在平时积累一些关于习惯用语的表达。 小托福考试阅读模拟题： 模拟题1： Outflow channels are probably relics of catastrophic flooding on Mars long ago. They appear only in equatorial regions and generally do not form extensive interconnected networks. Instead, they are probably the paths taken by huge volumes of water draining from the southern highlands into the northern plains. The onrushing water arising from these flash floods likely also formed the odd teardrop-shaped “islands” (resembling the miniature versions seen in the wet sand of our beaches at low tide) that have been found on the plains close to the ends of the outflow channels. Judging from the width and depth of the channels, the flow rates must have been truly enormous-perhaps as much as a hundred times greater than the 105 tons per second carried by the great Amazon river. Flooding shaped the outflow channels approximately 3 billion years ago, about the same times as the northern volcanic plains formed. Question: According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true of the outflow channels on Mars EXCEPT: A. They formed at around the same time that volcanic activity was occurring on the northern plains. B. They are found only on certain parts of the Martian surface. C. They sometimes empty onto what appear to have once been the wet sands of tidal beaches. D. They are thought to have carried water northward from the equatorial regions. 答案：C 解析：题干问的是原文关于“outflow channels”的描述。在真正考试中，把原文阅读完毕再去和选项比较会花费较多时间。因此，比较合理的做题顺序是，先读选项，然后拿选项和原文信息去比对。 A选项说的是outflow channel的形成时间和火山活动在北部平原的发生时间是相同的。快速浏览原文，只有在最后一句提到了它们的形成时间，说大概在30亿年前，about引导的时间状语很重要，补充说明了这一时间和北部火山平原形成的时间相同。A正确。 B选项说的是火山形成的地点，只在火星表面的特定区域。看原文，第二句，说的是它们只在赤道区域出现。B 也正确。
2019托福阅读：模拟试题及答案解析（6） 【托福】 Although only 1 person in 20 in the Colonial period lived in a city, the cities had a disproportionate influence on the development of North America. They were at the cutting edge of social change. It was in the cities that the elements that can be associated with modern capitalism first appeared — the use of money and commercial paper in place of barter, open competition in place of social deference and hierarchy, with an attendant rise in social disorder, and the appearance of factories using coat or water power in place of independent craftspeople working with hand tools. "The cities predicted the future," wrote historian Gary. B. Nash, "even though they were but overgrown villages compared to the great urban centers of Europe, the Middle East and China." Except for Boston, whose population stabilized at about 16,000 in 1760, cities grew by exponential leaps through the eighteenth century. In the fifteen years prior to the outbreak of the War for independence in 1775, more than 200,000 immigrants arrived on North American shores. This meant that a population the size of Boston was arriving every year, and most of it flowed into the port cities in the Northeast. Philadelphia's population nearly doubted in those years, reaching about 30,000 in 1774, New York grew at almost the same rate, reaching about 25,000 by 1775. The quality of the hinterland dictated the pace of growth of the cities. The land surrounding Boston had always been poor farm country, and by the mid-eighteenth century it
托福高分经验汇总：听说读写应该怎么练托福考试的考察非常全面，听说读写面面俱到，所以大家在备考的时候也需要每个方面都顾及到。今天给大家带来了托福高分经验汇总：听说读写应该怎么练,希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。托福高分经验汇总：听说读写应该怎么练?一.考托福必过词汇关许多托福拿到高分的大神都强调了背单词的重要性。其实词汇是很基础的东西，但是非常重要。托福词汇可以说是贯彻了托福备考的始终，托福单词书要背，阅读、听力、写作和口语里遇到的生词也要记，所以，考托福必过词汇关。二.托福阅读：快速，准确，多练习大多取得高分的考生都认为阅读是个长期积累的过程，但是积累是基础，其实新托福考试中还考察了我们的另外一个能力，考试技巧。你需要迅速把握文章内容、识别题目、针对不同题目进行不同解法，以及快速排除错误选项，所以基础打好以后，阅读还是要多练习。一定要做到快速，准确。三. 托福听力：速记能力很重要大神推荐的听力考试方法都会提到速记能力。Lecture部分，大家需要记好笔记，因为篇幅过长，只靠短暂记忆很容易忽略一些细节，做题时可能已经忘了，所以速记能力是托福听力拿高分的关键。关于听力对话部分是否需要记笔记，大家意见不一，有的人说一定要记，也有的人说不用。其实两者各有优缺点，大家在练习时找一找感觉，看看自己适应哪种方式。四. 托福口语：注意逻辑性和时间掌控大神分享的托福口语高分经验中，除了多练习之外，大部分都强调了口语表达的逻辑性和对时间的把握。考试的时间有限，口语的表达很重要的一点就是逻辑性，
一定要条理清晰地表达，另外需要把握好时间，在有限的时间内把自己的观点陈述完成。另外，平时练习口语，如果能找外教一对一练习，效果也是很不错的。需要注意的是，口语练习一定不要背模板，因为表达起来过于生硬，不如在练习中自己总结模板。五.托福写作：重基础，多练习托福写作分为两块，综合写作和独立写作。综合写作也会涉及到一些听力和阅读，主要考察总结归纳能力。独立写作是需要你自己去完整构思文章的，所以需要自己去构思文章，填充细节，举例论证等等，文章内容越充实越好，自己写的论点要能够自圆其说。另外，不要被写作要求的字数限制住，一定要将自己的思想表达完整，字数超过一些是不会扣分的。托福语法技巧：复合名词1 名词+名词：LondonTransport伦敦公交公司Fleet Street舰队街(伦敦的报馆 街)TowerBridge(伦敦泰晤士河上的)塔楼桥hall door大厅的门traffic warden交通管理员petrol tank汽油桶，汽油罐hitch-hiker沿路搭便车的人，搭顺风车的人sky-jacker劫机者river bank河岸，江岸kitchentable厨房用的桌子winterclothes冬季服装2 名词+动名词：fruit picking摘水果lorry driving开运货汽车coal-mining采煤weight-lifting 举重bird-watching观察/研究鸟类surf-riding冲浪运动3 动名词+名词：waiting list等候者名单diving-board跳板driving licence驾驶执照landing card登陆卡dining-room餐厅，食堂swimming pool游泳池这些组合可用在：1 当第二个名词属于第一个名词或是它的一部分时：shopwindow商店橱窗picture frame镜框college library大学图书馆church bell教堂的钟gardengate花园的大门gear lever变速杆但是一些
托福写作评分标准公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-
托福写作评分标准托福写作评分包括机器评分以及人工评分两部分: 机器评分E-rater- 语法是否正确、用词是否得当、以及单词拼写及大小写是否准确等方面, 一篇考生的文章会经过两台机器评分。 人工评分通过ETS阅卷人评分，综合写作和独立写作分别有两位阅卷人给出分数。 托福写作原始分数为0-5分，考生得分分为三个level GOOD，FAIR，LIMITED 最终成绩通过两个科目的分数取平均分，再换算为30分制的分数。 详解托福综合写作的评分细则
综合写作是托福写作板块中的其中一项。托福考试的写作部分分为综合(Integrated writing)和独立(Independent writing)两块，这两块分别独立评分，取平均值后得到最终的分数。也就是说，这两个部分各占一半权重，因此应给予相同程度的重视。关于这两部分的了解，强烈建议同学们自己去看看ETS出版的托福考试官方指南(OG)，OG里面对于考试形式和评分标准有非常详尽的介绍，有些同学在准备输出端考试(写作或者口语)的时候，居然连评分细则都不看，仅凭自己的主观臆测和对于老师讲解的依稀记忆去打造自己的文章，考不好真的不奇怪。下面，我们就来分析一下托福考试的评分细则。 综合写作的满分要求是： A response at this level successfully selects the important information from the lectu 5分：文章切题，阐说充分，文章有说服力;段落组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有很强的逻辑性;段落内句与句连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活，娴熟;用词确切，得体。文章中有个别语法拼写错误，但不影响内容表达。 4分：文章切题，阐说基本充分，在某些细节上有缺陷。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，逻辑性强;句间连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活;用词基本得体。文章中有少量用词不当和语法拼写错误。 3分：文章切题，阐说尚可，展开不够。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有逻辑性;句间连接基本顺畅;有部分句法错误;用词一般，有时不得体。词性区分和拼写等有若干错误
0308 托福试题 阅读（55minutes） Question 1-11 If food is allowed to stand for some time, it putrefies .When the putrefied material is examined microscopically ,it is found to be teeming with bacteria. Where do these bacteria come from , since they are not seen in fresh food? Even until the mid-nineteenth century, many people believed that such microorganisms originated by spontaneous (5 ) generation ,a hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from nonliving matter. The most powerful opponent of the theory of spontaneous generation was the French chemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur(1822-1895).Pasteur showed that structures present in air closely resemble the microorganisms seen in putrefying materials .He did (10) this by passing air through guncotton filters, the fibers of which stop solid particles. After the guncotton was dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether, the particles that it had trapped fell to the bottom of the liquid and were examined on a microscope slide .Pasteur found that in ordinary air these exists a variety of solid structures ranging in size from 0.1 mm to more than 1.0 mm .Many of these bodies resembled the reproductive (15)structures of common molds, single-celled animals, and various other microbial cells . As many as 20 to 30 of them were found in fifteen liters of ordinary air ,and they could not be distinguished from the organisms found in much larger numbers in putrefying materials .Pasteur concluded that the organisms found in putrefying materials originated from the organized bodies present in the air .He postulated that
2013年3月2日托福写作真题解析 托福综合写作题目 阅读：科学家发现到达North America的最早的inhabitants是欧洲人并不是之前认为的亚洲人，给出了这个thesis三个理由 一是科学家在欧洲和北美都发现了spear points，而且都是single，large and sharp blade，但是亚洲的spear point很小， 二是有一个human bone被发现可以证明这个结论， 三是欧洲人可以穿越Atlantic Ocean，因为海路相对方便，并且一路上的ice可以用作resource of water 听力：反驳。 北美和欧洲的spear point发展过程是独立的，欧洲的spear大是因为他们要hunt mammals， 然后人骨只是一个single sample更多的其他人骨发现不是欧洲人， 最后是那个时期，在欧洲人那儿没有发现boat、钓鱼工具等等，说明他们对航海没啥经验，a lack of experience of sea travel会让他们不容易存活下来。 托福独立写作题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Our society today is so busy and crowded that people do not need to be polite to each other. People today enjoy great material wealth due to hardwork, but some complain that people today are less polite than they used to be. Extremists argue that people do not need to have the conventional social norms, such as saying hello to other people, because those manners are a waste of time. However, I think politeness is
托福考试复习经验总结 看了这里大家的总结，忍不住也想put some words. 首先，不要轻视TOEFL，尤其TWE，一个简单的标准，如果六级考试60、 70分，最好是能抽出一个月以上的时间专攻一下TOEFL。多练几篇TWE。 第二，背单词。单词是基础。能够基本保证自己考试时阅读不至于反复回读，单词量至少7000。我建议刘毅的Vocabulary10000，看这本书中每个单词 的英文解释，背单元各自列举的近义、反义词。 第三，对听力而言，只有多听，2000年以后的更要反复听，以前听说都会 有重复出现的考题的，可惜今年没有碰到(包括短对话也没有，挺郁闷的)。如 果只是为了应付TOEFL，没必要看电影，听广播，能抄写下段子题，应该就能 证明你的实力了。 第四，语法。我强调细心，一定要把整道题读完再选答案。分析句子结构，一定不能多了、少了谓语。我上过新东方的TOEFL班，语法是铁岭老师教的。 最后一节课，他组织了一个总结。于是慨叹，这就是那第六个包子，饱了。说 多了。应付语法需要细心+勤练，如果每次对答案错的题目都似曾相识，总结就必要了。即使你觉得它最简单，最好也保持一天做一套。 第五，阅读。我没话说。除了背单词，就只有多做了。可我笨，每次都错 主题题，我就是搞不清楚一个段子讲些什么。开始我总结作题技巧，提取各选 项的关键词(主语)=文章的关键词。可这次1月的考试，发现不灵了，比方说最后一篇，斟酌良久依然是蒙了一个。 第六，作文。我自己比较懒得去写。我搜罗了网上的类似“作文高手句子 锦囊101招”之类的帖子打印下来仔细看，自己组织了两份模版(分别针对同意不同意，和同意A还是同意B，这样两种题型，其实就首段不一样)套用，比较 管用，最起码帮自己堆积了不少字码。当然，作文多练手，灵活运用各种句型，才是根本。 1月考T经历。 我外地去天津考的，报名很晚，安排给我的座位却靠前在第一排。我才知 道TOEFL考试还有带同桌的。当我放书包在窗台上转身回座位时真呆了，同桌！天大的桌子是拼起来的，跟我同桌的男生巨力大无穷，写作文N次用橡皮去擦，我只能停笔等他结束。 我们考场耳机给的声音巨大，为了压住所谓的机器正常噪音，我们也只能 忍了。听得我考完了耳朵里持久嗡嗡的响。我觉得听力的趋势是短对话更难， 我复习用的2000年以后的题，也就2003-01还有些相似，在我感觉，其他的与
2012年11月2日托福考试写作范文综合写作： Passage: ocean life extinction. 原因有三：气候变冷导致海平面下降；小行星撞击地球；太阳紫外线加强由于臭氧层消失，给了个例子，一种海洋生物那时候在海洋表面绝迹了。 Lecture: 反驳 1 气候变冷很缓慢而且海平面下降晚于extinction 2 没发现那个时期的crater。 3 那种海洋生物具体在哪生活我们不知道，可能在海底生活。 独立写作： 三选一，你愿意作出下列那种改变improve your health Out of the following three things, which one would you prefer to regulate in order to improve your health? 1. The kind of food you eat 2. The amount of exercise 3. The amount of stress in your life Modern society has turned humans into curious creatures. Our ancestors were highly active thanks to their hunter-gatherer lifestyle; they ate fairly balanced diets due to the limited availability of fats and simple carbohydrates; and they relied on stress as a survival mechanism that kept them alert during intermittent periods of danger. Now, many of us spend upwards of 8 hours a day sedentary at our jobs; we eat unbalance diets of pre-prepared foods in order to save time; and we are constantly stressed due to a never-ending bombardment of stressors coming from our contemporary lifestyle. Managing all three things--diet, exercise, and stress--would be a daunting task for anyone, so if I had to pick one thing to improve my health, it would probably be exercise.
0308托福试题 阅读（55minutes） Question 1-11 If food is allowed to stand for some time, it putrefies .When the putrefied material is examined microscopically ,it is found to be teeming with bacteria. Where do these bacteria come from , since they are not seen in fresh food? Even until the mid-nineteenth century, many people believed that such microorganisms originated by spontaneous (5 ) generation ,a hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from nonliving matter. The most powerful opponent of the theory of spontaneous generation was the French chemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur(1822-1895).Pasteur showed that structures present in air closely resemble the microorganisms seen in putrefying materials .He did (10) this by passing air through guncotton filters, the fibers of which stop solid particles. After the guncotton was dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether, the particles that it had trapped fell to the bottom of the liquid and were examined on a microscope slide .Pasteur found that in ordinary air these exists a variety of solid structures ranging in size from 0.01 mm to more than 1.0 mm .Many of these bodies resembled the reproductive (15)structures of common molds, single-celled animals, and various other microbial cells . As many as 20 to 30 of them were found in fifteen liters of ordinary air ,and they could not be distinguished from the organisms found in much larger numbers in putrefying materials .Pasteur concluded that the organisms found in putrefying materials originated from the organized bodies present in the air .He postulated that these bodies are constantly (20)being deposited on all objects. Pasteur showed that if a nutrient solution was sealed in a glass flask and heated to boiling to destroy all the living organisms contaminating it, it never putrefied .The proponents of spontaneous generation declared that fresh air was necessary for spontaneous generation and that the air inside the sealed flask was affected in some way (25)by heating so that it would no longer support spontaneous generation. Pasteur constructed a swan-necked flask in which putrefying materials could he heated to boiling, but air could reenter. The bends in the neck prevented microorganisms from getting in the flask.. Material sterilized in such a flask did not putrefy. 1,What does the passage mainly discuss? (a)Pasteur’s influence on the development of the microscope. (b)The origin of the theory of spontaneous generation . (c)The effects of pasteurization on food. (d)Pasteur’s argument agai nst the theory of spontaneous generation . 2,The phrase “teeming with ”in line 2 is closest in meaning to (a)full of (b)developing into (c)resistant to (d)hurt by 3,Which of the following questions did the theory of spontaneous generation attempt to answer? (a)What is the origin of the living organisms are seen on some food? (b)How many types of organisms can be found on food? (c)What is the most effective way to prepare living organisms for microscopic examination? (d)How long can food stand before it putrefies? 4,The word “resemble” in line 9 is closest in meaning to