句子成分与结构sentence structure
1. In the following sentence ―It’s no use waiting for me‖, the italicized phrase is . 2010
A. the object
B. an adverbial
C. a complement
D. the subject
2. In ―How much do you think he earns?‖ how much is of the sentence. 2009
A. the subject
B. the adverbial
C. the object
D. the complement
3. Which of the following sentence has an object complement? 2010
A. The directors appointed John manager.
B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.
C. You have done Peter a favour.
D. She is teaching children English.
4. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates Cause? 2010
A. Why don’t you do it for the sake of your friends?
B. I wish I could write as well as you.
C. For all his efforts, he didn’t get an A.
D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.
5. Even as a girl, to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teacher. 2001
A. performing by Melissa were
B. it was known that Melissa’s performances were
C. knowing that Melissa’s performances were
D. Melissa knew that performing was
6. Who was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?
A. you said
B. did you say
C. did you say that
D. you did say
7. In ―He would often discuss things with me, asking my opinions and disagreeing when he saw matters differently.‖ Asking my opinion is the of the sentence.
A. direct object
B. object complement
C. adverbial
D. indirect object
8. Even when stranded in an isolated village by snow, .
A. it seemed my journey was still exciting
B. my journey still seemed exciting
C. I still thought my journey exciting
D. my journey was still thought to be exciting
主谓一致subject-verb concord
1. Mr Wells, together with all the members of his family, ____ for Europe this afternoon. 2005
A. are to leave
B. are leaving
C. is leaving
D. leave
2. The statistics __ that living standards in the area have improved drastically in recent times. 2006
A. proves
B. is proving
C. are proving
D. prove
3. All the President’s Men______one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal. 2007
A.remain
B.remains
C.remained
D.is remaining
4. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because ____going to agree upon anything today.
A.neither you nor I are
B.neither you nor me is
C.neither you nor I am
D.neither me nor you are 2003
5. Many a student and teacher____ making a careful study of ____ own problems.
A. are; their
B. is; their
C. are; his
D. is; his
6. It____ people, not things, that____ decisive.
A. is; is
B. are; are
C. is; are
D. are; is
7. Truth and honesty ____ always best policy.
A. are
B. is
C. have been
D. become
8. In order to set up industries, trained manpower, as well as sufficient capital, ____.
A. is needed
B. are needed
C. needs
D. need
9. A series of robberies____ recently.
A. has been reported
B. has reported
C. have been reported
D. have reported
动词的时态tense
1. In his plays Shakespeare _____ his characters live through their language. 2008
A. would make
B. had made
C. made
D. makes
2. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ______ until yesterday.2005
A. will come
B. was coming
C. had been coming
D. came
3.The comminttee has anticipated the problems that ______in the road construction project.
A.arise
B.will arise
C.arose
D.have arisen 2007
4. ______ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. 2005
A. I was and always will be
B. I have to be and always will be
C. I had been and always will be
D. I have been and always will be
5. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete ―We’ve seen the film____?‖
A. before
B. recently
C. lately
D. yet 2010
6. Jack ____from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. 2003
A.has been missing
B.has been missed
C.had been missing
D.was missed
7. For some time now, world leaders___out the necessity for agreement of arms reduction. 2002
A. had been pointing
B. have been pointing
C. were pointing
D. pointed
8. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _____ until yesterday.2005
A. will come
B. was coming
C. had been coming
D. came
9. That was not the first time he _____us. I think it’s hig h time we ______ strong actions against him.
A. betrayed…take
B. had betrayed…took
C. has betrayed…took
D. has betrayed…take
10. "It seems that she was there at the conference." The sentence means that ____ 2009
A. she seems to be there at the conference.
B. she seemed to be there at the conference.
C. she seems to have been there at the conference.
D. she seemed to being there at the conference.
代词(pronoun)
1. The following are all correct responses to "Who told the news to the teacher?" EXCEPT
A. Jim did this.
B. Jim did so.
C. Jim did that.
D. Jim did. 2008
2. My daughter has walked eight miles today. We never guessed that she could walk__far. 2006
A /
B such
C that
D as
3. When one has good health, should feel fortunate. 2010
A. you
B. they
C. he
D. we
4. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish ____ proposals in the near future. 2008 A. Their B. our C. his D. its
5.England is justly proud of ____ great poets, especially____ in the 18th century.
A. her...they
B. his...them
C. its...that
D. its...those
6. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s ____ stupid. 2005
A. something but
B. anything but
C. nothing but
D. not but
7. To be or not to be, ____ is the question.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. it
8. Children who stay away from school do ___ for different reasons. 2005
A. them
B. /
C. it
D. theirs
9. ____of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night. 2002
A. None
B. Both
C. Neither
D. All
10. I can’t go—for one thing, I have no money, and___I have too much work. 2001
A. what’s more
B. as well
C. for another
D. in addition
11. Above the trees are the hills, ____ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.
A.where
B.of whose
C.whose
D.which 2003
12. –Why are you staring? 2005 –I’v e never seen ______tree before.
A. kind of
B. that kind of
C. such kind
D. such
13. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install_________ solar heating device in our home. 2005 A. some type of B. some types of a
C. some type of a
D. some types of
14.The government has promised to do ____ lies in its power to ease the hardships of the victims in the flood-stricken area. 2004
A. however
B. whichever
C. whatever
D. wherever
15. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, ____should make great differences in our life next summer. 2002
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. they
16. His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting. 2005
A. so as to
B. such as to
C. such to
D. as much as to
17. No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to ___.
A. the other
B. any other
C. another
D. other
18. ___ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.
A. Each
B. Any
C. Either
D. One
限定词
Determiners
1. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? 2010
A. All his lectures are very interesting.
B. Half their savings were gone.
C. Many his friends came to the party.
D. Both his sisters are nurse.
2. Which of the following is INCORRECT? 2008
A. All his lectures were boring.
B. Half his money was gone.
C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.
D. He invited many his friends to the party.
3. Land belongs to the city; there is thing as private ownership of land. 2006
A. no such a
B. not such
C. not such a
D. no such
4. My shoes have been worn out. I’ll have to buy .
A. some new pair
B. a new one
C. some new ones
D. a new pair
5. Miss Green contributed fifty dollars, but she wished she could contribute .
A. one other fifty dollars
B. the same amount also
C. more fifty dollars
D. another fifty
6. I have had enough cake. Would you like ?
A. one more
B. some more
C. any more
D. another one
7.We are so glad that we have reaped harvest this year.
A. the other
B. another
C. other
D. the another
形容词adjective和副词adverb
1. A new laptop costs about of a second-hand one. 2009
A. the price of three times
B. three times the price
C. as much as the three times price
D. three times more than the price
2. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times the size of Peter’s in Rome.
A. /
B. that of
C. which is
D. of 2008
3. The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of a fully-loaded truck, to the
truck. 2004 A. the greater stress is B. greater is the stress
C. the stress is greater
D. the greater the stress
4. That Trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness by his lack of talent. 2004
A. so much as
B. rather than
C. as
D. than
5. John is hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam. 1998
A. no less
B. no more
C. not less
D. no so
6. The patient’s progress was very encouraging as he could get out bed without help. 2001
A. nearly
B. hardly
C. merely
D. barely
7. He must give us more time, we shall not be able to make a good job of it. 1996
A. consequently
B. otherwise
C. therefore
D. doubtlessly
8. He feels that he is not yet to travel abroad. 2010
A. too strong
B. enough strong
C. so strong
D. strong enough
9. Suan is very hardworking, but her pay is not for her work. 2006
A. enough good
B. good enough
C. as good enough
D. good as enough
10. Which of the following advers can NOT be used to complete ―everybody came‖? 2009
A. Nearly
B. Quite
C. Practically
D. Almost
11. What does "He wisely refused to spend his money" mean? 2008
A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.
B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.
C. He was short of money and didn't want to buy anything.
D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.
12. We believe that the younger generation will prove of our trust.
A. worth
B. worthless
C. worthy
D. worthwhile
13. The woman is Mrs. Smith.
A. wears a blue dark skirt
B. with a blue dark skirt
C. with the blue dark skirt
D. with the dark blue skirt
14. She bought herself dress.
A. a cotton, purple, expensive
B. an expensive, purple cotton
C. a purple, expensive cotton
D. a cotton , expensive, purple
15. In computer programming, this model is to any of the others we have ever had.
A. more superior
B. the more superior
C. the most superior
D.superior
16. Tony is going camping with ___ boys.
A.little two other
B. two little other
C.two other little
D.little other two
17. ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao?
---- It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the ___days at the seaside.
A. few last sunny
B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few
D. few sunny last
各类从句subordinate clause
1. We consider ______ he should have left without telling anyone beforehand. 2009
A. strange why
B. it strange what
C. it strange that
D. that strange
2. I am surprised__ this city is a dull place to live in.
A. that you should think
B. by what you are thinking
C. that you would think
D. with what you were thinking
3. Barry had an advantage over his mother ___he could speak French. 2001
A. since that
B. in that
C. at that
D. so that
4. Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. 2008
A. for which
B. for that
C. in that
D. in which
5. There is no doubt ___the company has made the right decision on the sales project.
A. why
B. that
C. whether
D. when
6. I was very interested in ___ she told me. 2009
A. all that
B. all which
C. all what
D. that
7. The party, ___ I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable. 2006
A. by which
B. for which
C. to which
D. at which
8. Above the trees are the hills, ____ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.
A.where
B.of whose
C.whose
D.which 2003
9. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, ____ is something we had not expected. 2003
A.which
B.it
C.that
D.what
10. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man ____ he was twenty years ago. 2003
A.which
B.that
C.who
D.whom
11. He never hesitates to make____ criticisms____ are considered helpful to others.
A. so...that
B. so...as
C.such...that
D. such...as
12.The couple had no sooner got to the station ____ the coach left. 2009
A. when
B. as
C. until
D. than
13. I enjoyed myself so much ____ I visited my friends in Paris last year. 2008
A. when
B. which
C. that
D. where
14. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, _______ that he paid me back the following week. 2005
A. on occasion
B. on purpose
C. on condition
D. only if
15. _________, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class. 2005
A. Although he is a socialist
B. Even if he is a socialist
C. Being a socialist
D. Since he is a socialist
16. ___I sympathize, I can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties. 2001
A. As long as
B. As
C. While
D. Even
17.The research requires more money than ________. 2007
A.have been put in
B.has been put in
C.being put in
D.to be put in
18. They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. 2008
A. it could be
B. could be
C. it was
D. was
19. It is not ______much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand. 2007
A.that
B.as
C.so
D.very
20.That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness ____ by his lack of talent. 2004
A. so much as
B. rather than
C. as
D. than
21. Please pause_____ there is a semi-colon.
A. in which
B. that
C. whether
D. where
22. Quality is ____ counts most. 2008
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. where
23. Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. 2008
A. for which
B. for that
C. in that
D. in which
24. Nine is to three _____ three is to one. 2008
A. when
B. that
C. which
D. what
25. Intellect is to the mind ___sight is to the body.
A. what
B. as
C. that
D.like
26. After____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.
A. that
B. it
C. what
D. there 2010
27. _____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. 2009
A. Whatever
B. Whenever
C. Whichever
D. However
28. This is an illness that can result in total blindness ___ left untreated. 2000
A. after
B. if
C. since
D.unless
29. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than ___ in the public mind today. 2000
A. exists
B. exist
C. existing
D. to exist
30. Fat cannot change into muscle ___ muscle changes into fat. 1999
A. any more than
B. no less than
C. no more than
D. much more than
31. It is not so much the language ___ the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand. 1999 A. but B. nor C. as D. like
32. ____ me most was that the young boy who had lost arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.
A. That amazed
B. it amazed
C. Which amazed
D. What amazed
情态动词auxiliary verb
1. Nancy’s gone to work but her car’s still there. She ____ by bus. 2010
A. must have gone
B. should have gone
C. ought have gone
D. could have gone
2. She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. 2009
A. had been
B. must be
C. has been
D. must have been
3. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone__ an opportunity to hear the speech. 2006
A ought to have
B must have
C may have
D should have
4. Aren't you tired? I ____ you had done enough for today. 2009
A. should have thought
B. must have thought
C. might have thought
D. could have thought
5. Which of the following sentences expresses "probability"? 2008
A. You must leave immediately.
B. You must be feeling rather tired.
C. You must be here by eight o'clock.
D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.
6. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I _____ the journey in exactly two days. 2005
A. must take
B. must have made
C. was able to make
D. could make
7. ―She must be in the dormitory now!‖―No, she _____be there. I saw her in the classroom a minute ago.‖1994
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. couldn’t
D. wouldn’t
8. The careless man received a ticket for speeding. He_____ have driven so fast.
A. can’t
B. wouldn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. mustn’t
9. As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think_____ .
A. ought to be said
B. must say
C. have to be said
D. need to say
10. Tom ought not to ____ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. have told
B. tell
C. be telling
D. having told
11. At that time we thought the story_____ not be true.
A. could
B. was able
C. is able
D. must
12. You_____ ask a woman her age. It’s not polite.
A. needn’t
B. mustn’t
C. wouldn’t
D. oughtn’t
13. The coffee is very cold; it needs_____ .
A. hot
B. to be heating
C. to be heated
D. to be hotted
14. You_____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. may not
15. Peter_____ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. must
B. may
C. can
D. will
16. If you don’t like swim, you ____ stay at home.
A. should as well
B. may as well
C. can as well
D. would as well
倒装省略Inversion and Ellipsis
1. Little about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger. 2009
A. she cared
B. she may care
C. may she care
D. did she care
2. Fool Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing. 2010
A. who
B. as
C. like
D. that
3. Fool Jane is, she could not have done such a thing. 2002.
A. who
B. as
C. that
D. like
4.____ both sides accept the agreement ____ a lasting peace be established in this region. 2004
A. Only if, will
B. If only, would
C. Should, will
D. Unless, would
5. ____ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. 2008
A. Much though
B. Much as
C. As much
D. Though much
6. ____ you ____ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. 2005
A. If, had
B. Have, had
C. Should, have
D. In case, had
7. ____ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.
A. Being published
B. Published
C. Publishing
D. To be published
8. Only under special circumstances____ to take make-up tests.
A. are freshmen
B. freshmen are permitted
C. permitted as freshmen
D. are permitted freshmen
9. ____ so many people in the U. S. been out of work as today.
A. In the past, there never have
B. More than ever before have
C. Never before have
D. Formerly, there never were
10. My brother has decided to become a policeman, ____what may.
A. came
B. come
C. coming
D. having come
虚拟语气Subjunctive Mood
1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English much easier to learn. 2009
A. could have been
B. would be
C. will be
D. would have been
2. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she much better results now. 2008
A. would be getting
B.could have got
C.must get
D.would get
3. you further problems with your printer, contact your dealers for advice. 2005
A. If, had
B. Have, had
C. Should, have
D. In case, had
4. if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand? 2004
A. Would you be surprised
B. Were you surprised
C. Had you been surprise
D. Would you have been surprised
5. for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. 2002
A. Had it not been
B. Hadn’t it been
C. Was it not
D. Were it not
6. Sometimes I wish I in a different time and a different place.
A. be living
B. were living
C. would live
D. would have lived
7. It is necessary that he the assignment without delay. 2010
A. hand in
B. hands in
C. must hand in
D. has to hand in
8. It is imperative that students their term papers on time. 2004
A. hand in
B. would hand in
C. have to hand in
D. handed in
9. He left orders that nothing touched until the police arrived here. 1997
A. should be
B. ought to be
C. must be
D. would be
10. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential for that. 2003
A. for us to be prepared
B. that we are prepared
C. of us to be prepared
D. our being prepared
11. He was punished he should make the same mistake again.
A. unless
B. lest
C. if
D. provided
12. ― You borrow my notes provided you take care of them.‖ I told my friend. 2007
A. could
B. should
C. must
D. can
13. If only the patient a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now. 2007
A. had received
B. received
C. should receive
D. were receiving
14. If only I play the guitar as well as you! 2006
A. would
B. could
C. should
D. might
15. , I’ll marry him all the same. 2004
A. Was he rich or poor
B. Whether rich or poor
C. Were he rich or poor
D. Be he rich or poor
16. It’s high time we cutting down the forests.
A. stopped
B. had to stop
C. shall stop
D. stop
17. ―What courses are you going yo do next semester?‖
―I don’t know. But it’s about time on something.‖2002
A. I’d decide
B. I decided
C. I decide
D. I’m deciding
18. He would have finished his college education, but he to quit and find a job to support his family. 2007 A. had had B. has C. had D. would have
非谓语与独立主格non-finite verb and Absolute Construction
1. should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work. 2010
A. To be not tall
B. Not being tall
C. Being not tall
D. Not to be tall
2. is not a serious disadvantage in life. 2001
A. To be not tall
B. Not to be tall
C. Being not tall
D. Not being tall
3. I never regretted the offer, for it was not where my interest lay. 1993
A. not to accept
B. not having accepted
C. having not accepted
D. not accepting
4. The minister of Finace is believed of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue. 2004
A. that he is thinking
B. to be thinking
C. that he is to think
D. to think
5. him tomorrow? 2001
A. Why not to call on
B. Why don’t call on
C. Why not calling on
D. Why not call on
6. What a nice day! How about the three of us a walk in the park nearby? 2009
A. to take
B. take
C. taking
D. to be taking
7. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential for that. 2003
A. for us to be prepared
B. that we are prepared
C. of us to be prepared
D. our being prepared
8. It’s not uncommon for there problems of communication between the old and the young.
A. being
B. would be
C. be
D. to be 2007
9. What’s the chance of ________ a general election this year?2005
A. there being
B. there to be
C. there be
D. there going to be
10. The meeting was put off because we __________ a meeting without John. 2005
A. objected having
B. were objected to having
C. objected to have
D. objected to having
11. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, __ the spoilt ones. 2006
A. not counting
B. not to count
C. don't count
D. having not counted
12. ___ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy. 2000
A. Looking
B. Looked
C. Having looked
D. To look
13. Time ____, the celebration will be held as scheduled. 2003
A. permit
B. permitting
C. permitted
D. permits
14. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ___ by far the biggest cereal crop.
A.is
B.been
C.be
D.being 2003
15. He prefers ___ . 1995
A.to write his letters rather than dictating them
B.to write his letters rather than dictate them
C.writing his letters rather than dictate them
D.writing his letters rather than have dictated them
16. In internation matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid ___.
A. from being beaten
B. being beaten
C. beating
D. to be beaten 1996
17. AIDS is said ___the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. 2002
A. being
B. to be
C. to have been
D. having been
18. ___ for a long time, the fields are all dried up.
A. There has been no rain
B. having no rain
C. There having been no rain
D.There being no rain
附加疑问句(Tag questions)
1. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ? 2003
A. hadn’t she
B. hasn’t she
C. wouldn’t she
D. didn’t she
2. She seldom goes to the theatre, ? 2010
A. doesn’t she
B. does she
C. would she
D. wouldn’t she
3. When you have finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on my desk, ? 2008
A. do you
B. don’t you
C. will you
D. won’t you
4. There used to be a petrol station near the park, ? 2006
A. didn’t it
B. doesn’t there
C. usedn’t it
D. didn’t there
5. Do help yourself to some fruit,___ you? 2000
A. can’t
B. don’t
C. wouldn’t
D. won’t
6. He didn’t think that the news was true, ___ ?
A. was it
B. wasn’t it
C. did he
D.didn’t he
7. We don’t believe that the news is true, ___ ?
A. don’t we
B. do we
C. isn’t it
D. don’t we
8. You won’t follow his example, will you?
___, I don’t think he is right.
A. No, I won’t
B. Yes, I will
C. No, I will
D. Yes, I won’t
9. I wish to go home with you, ___?
A. may I
B. shall I
C. would I
D. can I
大学英语四级复习全攻略 如果你的目标不是冲刺满分，而是在尽可能短的时间里尽 可能提高成绩，那么以下的这些我们在教学和培训中的经验 技巧相信对你都会很有借鉴意义的！ 单词——现在背也不晚 在接下来这段时间性里，如果你用一周左右的时间每天 花出一段固定的时间来大量地强攻单词 (主要应是那些在四级考纲中而不在高中考试范围内的四级“高难词” )，这样你的收获的不仅是阅读和听力的提高，更重要的是对自己的信 心！当然这时候背单词，认识它就行了，不必知道它怎么拼 写，因为即使我们知道了四级新词的意思，把它用在作文中 的可能还是很小。另外有几个针对四级阅读的单词非常重 要，大家一定要注意： positive( 肯定的 )， negative( 否定的 ) ，neutral (中立的 )， indifferent (漠不关心的 )， optimistic (乐观的)，pessimistic (悲观的 )，这几个表明作者态度的词 经常在阅读理解题的选项中出。 听力——反复听真题 要想在短时间内提高听力，最好的办法就是多听。在这 不到一个月的时间里，不用听太多的辅导材料，找来历年真 题的听力，反复听，把握出题的思路和录音的语速、语调。 尽力培养英语思维如果你在听听力时习惯于将每个单 词和句子翻译成汉语，这既浪费时间，也影响理解，因为两 种语言的结构和思维不尽相同，在短暂的15 秒钟内，既要听，又要理解、翻译，还要进行综合判断，很不容易做到，
语思维，不但可以节约时间还可以提高理解力。 1
尝试听前预测四级听力理解从开始播放题头音乐到正 式开始做题之前，大约有 2 分钟的时间。因此，大家可以充分利用这段时间去阅读试卷上各题的选择项，尽量争取在这 2 分钟内多看几道题的选项，这样就可以做到听前预测。当 然在听的时候也要避免因为过分注重每个单词而影响对全篇 中心思想的理解。听前预测还要有一定的客观依据，即话题 所使用的词语的范围，这种内容越具体范围就越窄。这样我 们就可以通过阅读选项推测听力材料可能涉及到什么题材和 它的内容。 力求快速标出答案如果遇到难题，要当机立断，千万不 要在一道题上花太多的时间。尽量余下几秒时间以便浏览下 一题的选择项。通过再次浏览，我们基本上可以预测出所提 问题的大致方向，从而可使自己在听力测试中处于主动地位 。 阅读——拿高分的好方法 我现在总结出一条超级简单的阅读得高分的办法： 快速阅读文章速度大约为 200 字 /分钟。重点是掌握文章大意及每一段大概讲什么。因此，第一段和每一段的首句要 仔细阅读。 做题不要凭印象本找的关键是每一道题必须回到原文 中找到出处 -也就是能够证明这道题正确答案的部分， 千万不要凭印象，凭经验。 不用花时间复查有人要说，你这个“老办法”太老了，根本无用。请注意，以前我亦有同感，但是当我不折不扣的照 此执行，发现效果其佳。一般 40 分的阅读理解， 32 分不成问题，所以也建议你不妨一试。
2016年英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题 参考答案与解析 11. How can I concentrate if you _________ continually ______ me with silly questions? A. have… interrupted B. are… interrupted C. had… interrupting D. were… interrupting 选A。虽然我觉得更应该说you are continually interrupting me with silly questions。不过这里用现在完成时表示的是一个动作发生过成为过去经历，有可能多次发生，也就是打断一次、两次、三次等等不断重复到现在。 12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence ___ expresses the highest degree of possibility? A. It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem. B. It might take a long time to find a solution to the problem. C. It could take a long time to find a solution to the problem. D. It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem. 选D。四个里把握度最高的是should，其次是may，最后是might和could。 13. She is a better speaker than _____ in the class. A. any boy B. the other boys C. other any girl D. all the girls 选A。主语是she，女的，所以不能选B。C的正确说法是any other girl。 14. Nobody heard him sing, ______? A. did one B. did he C. didn’t they D. did they 选B。根据专四语法出题依据的书《新编英语语法教程》（章振邦）317页，nobody这种附加疑问句，书面语里用he。口语里偶见they。实际上，现代英语里为了避免有语言歧视（为什么只有he，没有she），很多人都避免只用he，而多改为they。 15. I can’t put up with ________. A. that friend of you B. that friend of yours C. the friend of you D. the friend of yours 选B。根据专四语法出题依据的书《新编英语语法教程》（章振邦）57-58页，这种双重属格结构所修饰的名词可带a, any, some等表示非确定特指的限定词，但通常不带定冠词。比如a daughter of Mrs. Green’s, any/some daughters of Mrs/ Green’s。 16. There has been an increasing number of _______ in primary schools in the past few years. A. man teacher B. men teacher C. man teachers D. men teachers 选D。合成名词复数，man/woman这种，两种都要变成复数，比如women drivers。
大学英语四级考试语法：—定语从句 很多同学在大学英语四级考试中会存在一些误区，认为语法不那么重要，其实英 语语法是学习英语的指南，对我们帮助很大。以下是小编给大家整理的大学英语四级 考试语法：—定语从句，希望可以帮到大家 1、mary is a beautiful girl. 名词的扩展靠限定，最基本的就是在名词的前面增加一个形容词这样的定语，上 面的句子就是表语girl的前面加了一个形容词。显然，如果只是mary is a girl这样的 句子会让人觉得非常枯燥，没有什么意义，所传递的信息量极其有限。所以，名词前 面加定语，可以使被限定的名词更加生动，更加形象而富有生命。如果要对名词给出 更多限定，挖掘更多内部信息，我们可以在名词前面加多个定语来限定，如mary is a beautiful chinese girl. 放在名词前面起到限定作用的定语有很多种形式，形容词，名词，动词现在分词，动词过去分词等。虽然形式多样，但是这类定语还是比较好理解，只要顺着句子的顺序，就基本可以明白是怎么回事。 2、the computer that i bought yesterday works well. 有时候，我们需要对名词给出很多的说明，用大量的信息来限定名词。这时，如 果还是把长长的限定成分放在名词前面，就会头重脚轻，所以英语中会用跟在名词后 面的定语从句来限定前面的名词。根据定语的功能还可以分为限制性定语从句和非限 制性定语从句。两者的区别在于前者与被限定名词之间没有逗号，而后者则有逗号隔开;前者起到限定作用，不可或缺，后者起到补充作用，舍去后对剩余部分影响不大。 本句子通过“that i bought yesterday”这个that引导的定语从句，使得主语the computer得到限定而明确，是我昨天买的计算机而不是别的。如果明白了这个名词可 以通过后面加定语从句来扩展，我们的句子马上可以变得复杂起来，请看下例：another popular spectator sport, which is known as the sport of kings, is horse-racing, which is controlled by the jockey club. 译文：另一种以特大型运动著称的流行观赏运动是赛马，这种比赛由赛马总会控制。
大学英语四级语法题大全 1、_____all our kindness to help her, Sara refused to listen. A.At B.In C.For D.On 2、____beforewe depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party. A.Had they arrived B.Would they arrive C.Were they arriving D.Were they to arrive 3、____ conflict among city-states caused the eventual decline of Greek civilization. A.Continuous B.Continual C.Constant D.Contrary 4、____ he's already heard the news. A.Chances are B.Chance is C.Opportunities are D.Opportunity is 5、____ his knowledge and academic background, he is basically stupid. A.But for B.According to C.For all D.Thanks to 6、____ man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity. A.As B.Whether C.While D.Now that
英语专业四级语法词汇练习题（6） 所属：专四专八阅读：1021 次评论：7 条 [我要评论] [+我要收藏] 有关否定 1)双重否定最常见的形式有： no(not)...but...没有……不…… no(not)...without...没有……不，除……不 no(not)...unless没有……就不…… not...until直到……才…… 例如：There is no one but knows it.没有一个人不知道此事。 2)can not与副词too,enough, sufficiently, over,too much等词连用时，意为“无论怎样也不过分”，“越…越”。例如： You cannot be too careful.你越仔细越好。 We cannot praise him too much.我们无论怎样赞扬他也不过分。 近义词辨析 break, crack, crush, shatter,break, smash 这组词均含有“打破”或“挤碎”的意思。 break 是这组词中最常用的，指使某件东西破碎。 If you break that vase, you’ll have to pay for it.如果打破了那只花瓶，你就得赔偿。 crack 指打裂某物，但不一定打碎，因而通常不会成为碎片。 You may crack these nuts with a hammer.你可以用锤子把这些坚果敲开。 crush 强调挤压或踩的动作，毁坏程度取决于被压物的组织结构，或变形，或成小块，或可恢复原状。 To make wine, you first crush the grapes.若要造酒，需先将葡萄压碎。 shatter 打破某物，力大到使碎片飞出很远，常指整件东西完全被毁。 The explosion shattered most of the windows in the building.爆炸震碎了那座大楼的大部分窗玻璃。 smash 突出暴力，击打时动作较猛，被击打的东西往往完全报废。 He smashed the window with a brick.他用砖块击碎窗玻璃。
A.从介词开始到其后跟的名词结束 B.从介词开始到动名词结束 C.从介词开始到动名词的宾语结束2018年12月大学英语四六级语法精讲课程讲义 一、识别句子成分必须记住的原理 1.衡量是否是一个句子的标准：是否有动词，有动词就是句子，反之不是句子。 2.英语构句原则规定：一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词 3.长难句的构成：主句、从句、介词短语、非谓语动词 （1）主句的辨识：谓语动词 （2）从句的辨识：连词+与之匹配的谓语动词 （3）介词短语： （4）非谓语动词：4.衡量长难句划分是否正确的标准：整个句子中谓语动词的个数比连词多一个 5.长难句划分方法：连动切割法 ·连动切割法：将句子中的所有连词和动词（连词、动词的排列不分先后）作为切割长难句的基 础，断开主句和从句。 ·长难句划分的具体步骤： 【第一步】断开主句和从句 通读整个句子找出所有的连词或动词，并将连词和动词匹配起来（主要是针对从句而 言，主句不存在连词，从句连词和动词的匹配遵守就近原则），然后再给动词匹配主 语（主句的主语在谓语之前找；从句的主语在连词和与之匹配的谓语动词中间找，如 果它们中间没有任何词语，那么连词本身就是这个从句的主语。） 动名词（doing ） 动词不定式（to do ） 现在分词（doing ） 过去分词（done ）
【第二步】断开介词短语和非谓语动词 二、总结复习句子的主要成分 1、主语 （1）定义：主语是动作的发出者。 （2）位置：在谓语动词之前。 （3）什么可以充当主语： 2、谓语 （1）定义：述说主语的动作或状态。 （2）位置：在主语之后。（3）什么可以充当谓语：实意动词。 3、宾语 （1）定义：（2）位置： （3）什么可以充当宾语：4、表语 （1）定义：表述主语的身份特征，性质状态的 （2）位置：在系动词之后 （3）什么可以充当表语： A.名词： B.代词： C.介词短语： D.非谓语动词： E.句子：A.动作的承受者B.介词所联系的对象，即介词宾语（简称介宾） A.名词： B.代词： C.介词短语： D.非谓语动词： E.句子： A.名词： B.代词： C.形容词 D.介词短语： E.非谓语动词： F.句子：A.在谓语动词之后B.在非谓语动词之后C.在介词之后
英语四级考试必备基础语法知识 动词时态 1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束. I’ve been writing letters for an hour. I’ve been sitting in the garden. 2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 I’d been working for some tim e when he called. We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came. 3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作. By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years. In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years. 4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时已发生的事. I shall have finished this one before lunch. They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October. 动词语态 可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如: He was said to be jealous of her success. It was said that he was jealous of her success. 能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等. It is supposed that the ship has been sunk. The ship is supposed to have been sunk. 担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如: Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制) 双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态 双宾语结构的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语. He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.
英语专业四级词汇语法练习题(一) 1. All of the plants now farmed on a large scale were developed from plants ____wild. A. that once grow B. once they grow C. they once grew D. once grew 2. By the time you graduate，we____in Australia for one year. A. will be staying B. will have stayed C. would have stayed D. have stayed 3. He appreciated____the chance to deliver his thesis in the annual symposium on Comparative Literature. A. having given B. to have been given C. to have given D. having been given 4. The government official can hardly find sufficient grounds ____his arguments in favor of the revision of the tax law. A. on which to base B. which to be based on C. to base on which D. on which to be based 5. Living in the desert involves a lot of problems，____ water shortage is the worst. A. not to mention B. of which C. let alone D. for what 6. Hydrogen is one of the most important element in the universe ____it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced. A.so that B. but that C. provided that D. in that 7. Just as relaxation is an important part of our lives，____stress. A.so is B. as it is C. and so is D. the same is 8. Victor took a bus and headed for home，____if his wife would have him back. A. not to know B. not known C. not knowing D. not having known9. We can make an exception ____. A. in any case of John B. in case of John C. in case of John’s D. in the case of John 10. When the Cultural Revolution was launched in China，his father ___ college. A. attended B. had been attending C. was attending D. has been attending 11. My cat is a fussy eater，but my dog is so ____that she’ll swallow down anything that is put in front of her. A. indiscriminate B. choosy C. indefinite D. picky 12. “This house is more ____than the federal government！”Mac complained to his parents. “You have rules for everything.” A. systematic B. democratic C. bureaucratic D. public 13. The American people’s ____of being polite is different from that held here in China. A. mind B. concept C. consideration D. thought 14. Well，that is probably all I can say about sports. Next time I’ll take up the topic of some other ____activities. A. refreshment B. entertainment C. pleasure D. leisure 15. Where there is an earthquake，energy is ____in one area along a crack in the earth crust. A. repelled B. released C. run D. rushed 16. The old gardener used to keep all his tools and do it yourself equipment in a ____in the garden. A. barn B. room C. hut D. shed 17. I’ve got a big coffee____on the front of my dress. A. pore B. patch C. stain D. grease 18. She broke her leg，but the ____healed quickly. A. fracture B. injury C. skeleton D. cavity 19. You’d better add them up. I’m not good at ____. A. figures B. characters C. summaries D. counters 20. The girl chose some very pretty ____paper for the present. A. covering B. wrapping C. packing D.collecting
专业英语四级语法与词汇模拟题4 单项选择题 1. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish ______ proposals in the near future. A.their B.our C.his D.its 答案：D [解答] 考查代词的用法。 本句的主语是association，后跟which引导的定语从句，从句中的谓语动词为has pressed for。association是物不是人，因此代词应该用its，故选D。 2. Had Judy been more careful on the math exam, she ______ much better results now. A.would be getting B.could have got C.must get D.would get 答案：D [解答] 考查虚拟语气(错综时间条件句)。 从句是对过去事实的虚拟，省略了if，因此为倒装形式；主句是对现在(主句中有now)情况的虚拟，因此主句用would do结构，故选D。 3. Nine is to three ______ three is to one. A.when B.that C.which
答案：D [解答] 考查方式状语从句。 这道题考查固定句式：A is to B what C is to D。what在句中引导方式状语从句，表示“好比，正如”，故选D。 4. Men differ from animals ______ they can think and speak. A.for which B.for that C.in that D.in which 答案：C [解答] 考查原因状语从句。 in that意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句。for which和in which引导的是定语从句，for that不能引导从句。故C为正确答案。 5. ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. A.Much though B.Much as C.As much D.Though much 答案：B [解答] 考查让步状语从句。 much as意为“尽管”，相当于though，引导让步状语从句。as much意为“同样地”。A、D不是惯用搭配，故选B。 6. I enjoyed myself so much ______ I visited my friends in Paris last year.
) After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well boys__C__ to go to school. (CET-4 1997,1) A) to be encouraged B) been encouraged C) being encouraged D) be encouraged 2) _A__,a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor. (CET-4 1997,6) A) Other things being equal B) Were other things equalC) To be equal to other things D) Other things to be equal 3)All things _A___, the planned trip will have to be called off. (CET-4 1998,6) A) considered B) be considered C) considering D)shavingsconsidered 4) The house was very quiet, _A___as it was on the side of a mountain. (CET-4 1999,6) A) isolated B) isolating C) being isolated D)shavingsbeen isolated 5) This crop has similar qualities to the previous one, _A___both wind-resistant and adapted to the same type of soil. (CET-4 1999,6) A) being B) been C) to be D)shavingsbeen 6) Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it ____ in Cuba. (CET-4 2000,1) A) being cultivated B) been cultivated C)shavingscultivated D) cultivating 7) ____in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing. (CET-4 2000,1) A) To look B) Looking at C) Looked at D) To be looked at 8) You will see this product ____ wherever you go. (CET-4 2000,6) A) to be advertised B) advertised C) advertise D) advertising 9) ____in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarship totaling 21,000 dollars. (CET-4 2000,12)
虚拟语气 一．一般虚拟条件句 (1) 与现在事实相反 ——If I were you, I wouldn’t worry. ——If I had the book at hand, I would read the passage to you. 那么，虚拟语气现在时的句型为： 从句：If + 主语＋动词过去式(be 变were) +… 主句：主语＋would (should ,could ,might ) + 动词原形＋… (2) 与过去事实相反 ——If you had gone to last night’s games, you would have met him. ——If the policeman had arrived earlier, he would have seen the accident. 那么，虚拟语气过去时的结构是： 从句：If＋主语＋过去完成时… 主句：主语＋should (或would,could,might) + 现在完成时… (3) 与将来事实相反 ——If he should come tomorrow, I would give him the dictionary he needs. ——If Mr. Li were to do the experiment tomorrow, he might read the instructions carefully.
那么虚拟语气将来时的句型是： 从句：If+主语＋should (或were to )+动词原形＋… 主句：同虚拟语气现在时的主句结构。 练习： 1.I f this report were more accurate, it __________ an invaluable document. A.were B.had been C.will be D.would be (D) 2.I _______ in trouble if the police had stopped me. A.were B.would have been C.would be D.had been (B) 3.W hat would you do if war _________ out. A.breaks B.could break C.had broken out D. were to break (D) 二、在if引导的虚拟条件句中，若有were, had, should，可省去if,将were, had, should提到主语前，形成倒装。例如： ——Should there be a meeting tomorrow, he would tell you.
大学英语四级考试语法指导 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 第一节：宾语从句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虚拟语气 一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。 一)、对现在情况的虚拟(与现在的事实相反)： 从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例： 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能) 3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能) 4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家) 5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood)
现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂) 6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起) 二)、对过去情况的虚拟(和过去的事实相反)： 用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。例： 1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了) 2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 3. We wished he had spoken to us. (wished，had + spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲) 4. I wish you had called earlier. (wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了) 5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner. (will wish,had + listened)(事实上并不如此)
英语专业四级语法练习题 than 1.Mary is _______ than Alice. (1992) A. more experienced a teacher B. a more experienced teacher C. more an experienced teacher D. more experienced teacher an experienced teacher, 比较级加在形容词前，因此B。 2._______ the two, Bob is ________ student. (1995) A. Of, more diligent B. In, more diligent C. Of, the more diligent D. In, the more diligent the ＋比较级＋of the two，因此C。 3.Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _______ Eastern Nebraska. (1996) A. in B. it receives in C. does D. it does in 完整形式应该是：than Eastern Nebraska receives snow，省去了部分谓语，保留了主语和助动词，可以倒装，因此C。 4.The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great more luxurious than _______. (1998) A. is necessary B. being necessary C. to be necessary D. it is necessary 这个句子是一个由than引导的比较状语从句，既然是从句那么可以排除BC；than引导的从句中省略了的主语应该是the indoor swimming pool，为避免重复，一般省略，不需要用it来指代。A。5.There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than ______ in the public mind today. (1999) A. exists B. exist C. existing D. to exist 省略了的主语是anxiety，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数：A 6.The experiment requires more money than _______. (2002) A. have been put in B. being put in C. has been put in D. to be put in than引导的从句中省略了的主语应该是money，因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数，C。 7.The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of a fully-loaded truck, _______ to the truck. (2003) A. the greater stress is B. greater is the stress C. the stress is greater D. the greater the stress “地表和载满货物卡车的接触面越小，卡车对地面的压强就越大。”A。 as 8.Some dieters find that after their dieting is over, they ate twice _______ they did before their diet. (1993) A. more than B. as many as C. much than D. as much as D,“饭量是以前的两倍”。A是指“三倍”，不合常理。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/c812283376.html,nguage belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner ___ to the professor. (1998) A. as far as B. the same as C. as much as D. as long as C，as much as“达到与……一样的程度”，完整的后半个句子应是：language belongs to the cleaner as much as it belong to the professor “语言属于社会的每个成员，既属于清洁工，也属于教授”；as far as“一直到某个程度”；the same as“与……一样”；表示“清洁工和教授是一样的”，意思不妥；as long as“只要”。 10.She did her work ______ her manager had instructed. (2002) A. as B. until C. when D. though as可表示方式，意思是“按照，如同”；“她依照经理的指示办事。”A。 11.The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I was n’t bothered by his loudness ______ by his lack of talent. (2004) A. so much as B. rather than C. as D. than A考点是not … so much as句型，表示“与其说是，倒不如说是”、“更多的是，而不是”。“毫无疑问，那个喇叭手的号声吵死了，但与其说我烦他的声音大，倒不如说烦他没吹号的天分。” 12.His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting. (2005) A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as to such as为固定搭配，意为“到如此程度以致”，又如：His illness is not such as to cause anxiety.他的病还没有严重到令人担心的地步。 A is to B what C is to D 13.Twelve is to three _______ four is to one. (1998)