Unit Two Hiroshima---the Liveliest City in Japan
Objectives of Teaching
?To comprehend the whole text
?To learn and master the vocabulary and expressions
?To learn to paraphrase the difficult sentences
?To understand the structure of the text
?To appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.
Teaching Points
?I. Background information
?II. Introduction to the passage
?III. Text analysis
?IV. Rhetorical devices
?V. Questions for discussion
I. Background Information
?1. The City of Hiroshima
?2. The first dropping of an atomic bomb---“Little Boy”
II. Introduction to the Passage
?1. Type of literature: -- a piece of radio report
?2. The purpose of a piece of radio report: -- to inform the auditors of the truth
?3. Some characteristics of radio report:-- authenticity and objectivity
III . Text Analysis
?1. accurately recording the dialogues with some Japanese to reinforce the authenticity of the report ?2. carefully observing and describing details to reinforce the authenticity of the report
?3. vivid and humorous description to make the report interesting
Important and difficult points
●1. The separation of the anti-Japanese psychology of the Chinese students? with the author?s repentance for the A-bomb cataclysm.
●2. What is a narration?
●3. The understanding and comprehension of the contradiction between the sorrowful mentality of the author and the humorous language of the text.
●4. Some useful expressions such as to be preoccupied, to be oblivious, and etc.
IV . Rhetorical Devices
1. metaphor
2. anti-climax
3. Irony
4. Alliteration
5. Rhetorical Question
VII . Questions for Discussion
?1. What was the writer?s attitude towards Hiroshima?
?2. Was Hiroshima in any way different from other Japanese cities?
?3. Even in this short description one may find some of the problems of Japan, or at least, of Hiroshima. Can you say what they are?
?4. How do the Japanese themselves look at Hiroshima? Why?
I. Background Information
1. Background Information: War
●1938 Munich Pact, which sacrificed Czechoslovakia to Germany
●Aug. 1939 Gr. and USSR concluded a non-aggression pact
●Sept.1, 1939 Hitler invaded Poland. France and Britain declared war on Gr. immediately, officially beginning World War II. At the same time, USSR annexed Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.
●Jun.22, 1941 Gr. invaded USSR
●Dec. 7, 1941 Japan attacked Pearl Harbour, bringing the US into the war
●Sept. 1943 Italy surrendered
●May. 7, 1945 Gr. surrendered unconditionally
●Aug. 6, 1945 the first A-bomb exploded in Hiroshima
●Aug. 8, 1945 USSR declared war on Japan and occupied Manchuria
●Aug. 9, 1945 the dropping of the second A-bomb on Nagasaki
●Aug. 14, 1945 Japan announced its surrender
2. Background Information: Atomic Bomb
●The explosion produces great amounts of heat, a shock wave and intense radiation. The region of the explosion becomes radioactively contaminated and radioactive products may be deposited elsewhere as fallout.
●At 8:15 a.m. on August 6, 1945, by order of President Truman, the first Atomic bomb, nicknamed Little Boy was exploded over a point near the centre of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, destroying almost everything with a radius of 6000 to 8000 feet (1830-2450 meters)
●The damage beyond this area was considerable, and over 71,000 people were killed instantly. Many more later died of injuries and the effects of radiation. Casualties numbered nearly 130,000.
●Survivors are still dying of leukaemia, pernicious anaemia and other diseases induced by radiation. Almost 98% of the buildings were destroyed or severely damaged.
●After the war, The Japanese dedicated post-war Hiroshima to peace. A destroyed area named "Peace City" has been set aside as a memorial. A peace Park was built. A special hospital built here treats people suffering from exposure to radiation and conducts research into its effects.
●The ruins of the Institute of Industrial Development, with its warped dome, were preserved as a symbol of the terror of destruction.
●The city now is an important producer of iron and steel, motor vehicles, tractors, ships, machinery, sewing needles, paper, textiles, and food products.
3. Words from Japanese
?tempura 日式火锅
?sake 酒
?sakura 樱花
?sushi 寿司
?kimono 和服
?judo 柔道
?tatami 榻榻米
?karate 徒手自卫术
?kabuki 歌舞伎
?kakemono条幅，字画?tsunami 海湾浪?ikebana 插花
?tycoon大亨；大企业家
?sumo相扑
?Mikado天皇
?gobang五子棋
?Hiroshima
?Nagasaki
?Tokyo东京
?Osaka大阪
?Hokkaido北海道
?Kyushu九州
?Honshu本州
?Kyoto京都
?Yokohama横滨
?Sendai仙台
?Kagoshima鹿儿岛
?Sapporo札幌
?Kobe神户
?Okinawa 冲绳
?Shikoku四国
?Nagoya名古屋
?the Ginza 银座
II. Analysis of Structure and Writing Techniques
1. Questions for the understanding of the text
●1. What is the author? What does he come to Hiroshima for?
●2. How did he get to Hiroshima?
●3. What was weighing heavily on his mind?
●4. Why did he call his trip to Hiroshima a far great adventure?
●5. How did the author get to the City Hall?
●6. What impression do you have about the cab driver?
●7. How did the author describe the city, why?
●8. Why did the usher heave a long almost musical sigh? What effect does this have on you?
●9. What is the general atmosphere of this part?
●10. What do you imagine the mayor looked like?
●11. Why did he again sense the emotion that had crushed him at the station?
●12. Why was it difficult for him to ask why they were gathered at that specific place?
●13. Why did the Americans and Germans seem just as inhibited as he was?
●14. What do you imagine the faces looked like each time the name of Hiroshima was repeated?
●15. Why do you think the author repeatedly reminds us of the serious appearances and the psychology of the westerners?
●16. What do you think the author expected the mayor to say?
2. Writing Style
●Narration One of the basic and most frequently adopted way of writing. Simply defined, narration is the telling of a story. A good narration has a beginning, a middle and an end.
●Narration is concerned with action, with life in motion, with a meaningful series of action. A narrative writing usually tells the time, the background of an event, or the cause and result of it.
●In a narrative writing, the actions or the incidents, events are generally presented in order of their occurrence, following the natural time sequence of the happenings. It is called to be in Chronological order. But it can also start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings. This is called flashback.
There are three basic components of a narration:
●a. Plot: the frame of the writing, which consists of a series of events. There are usu. one or several climaxes, the highest point of the story, with suspensions, conflicts, to arouse the interest of the audience. After the climax is reached, the story quickly moves to a conclusion.
●b. Characters: the leading character is called the hero or protagonist.
●c. Background: the time and place of the story
●The plot / action usually dominates narration, however, some narratives focus on character or theme or atmosphere.
3. Structure—Writing Technique
Section I: (para 1.)The Arrival
Section II: (The Japanese ...the kimono and the miniskirt.)Way to City Hall, General Impression Section III: (At the door...)Meeting the Mayor
Section IV: (the hospital)At the Hospital
4. Rhetoric Skills
1. Irony: a figure of speech in which the meaning literally expressed is the opposite of the meaning intended and which aims at ridicule, humour or sarcasm.
§Hiroshima---the Liveliest City in Japan
§Each day of suffering that helps to free my from earthly cares
§congratulate myself on the good fortune that my illness has brought me
2. Anti-Climax: the sudden appearance of an absurd or trivial idea following a serious significant ideas and suspensions. This device is usu. aimed at creating comic or humorous effects.
§a town known throughout the world for its---oysters
§The duties of a soldier are to protect is country and peel potatoes.
3. Alliteration: the repetition of an initial sound that is usu. a consonant in two or more neighboring words.
§slip to a stop; tested and treated
4. Rhetorical Question: a question that needs no answer, but used for emphasis
§Was I not at the scene of the crime?
5. Euphemism: the substitution of an agreeable or in-offensive expression for one that may offend or suggest sth unpleasant
§He was sentenced to prison---He is now living at the government's expenses.
§to go to heaven---dead
§to go to the bathroom, do one's business, answer the nature's call, put an end to my life.
§Each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares.
6. Metonymy: a figure of speech that consists in using the name of one thing for that of something else with which it is associated.
§little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers ...struggle between kimono and the miniskirt
§I thought that Hiroshima still felt the impact.
Metonymy can be derived from various sources:
a. Names of persons: Uncle Sam: the USA
b. Animals: the bear: the Soviet Union;
the dragon: the Chinese (a fight between the bear and the dragon)
c. Parts of the body: heart: feelings and emotions
head, brain: wisdom, intelligence, reason
She was a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not one to let my heart rule my head.
grey hair: old age
d. Profession: the press: newspapers, reporters etc.
He met the press yesterday evening at the Grand Hotel.
the bar: the legal profession
e. location of government, business etc.
Downing Street: the British Government；
The White House: the US president and his government
The Capitol Hill: US Congress
III. Text analysis
1. must: expressing an opinion about sth. that is logically very likely；probability
?There must be something wrong.
?This must be what he means.
?sth. that shouldn't be overlooked or missed:
?This multiplayer is a must for every modern family.
?对于数以万计的电视观众来说，她的歌唱乃周日晚所必须有的一个节目。
?Her singing was a Sunday night must for millions of TV viewers.
?国际剧院本周的美国新片不可不看。
?The new American film at the International Theater this week is an absolute must.
2. slip to a stop (halt, pause)
?slip: involuntary rather than voluntary motion, sometimes, even definitely implying a loss of footing and a fall; slide unintentionally for a short distance, typically losing one?s balance or footing;
?He kept slipping in the mud.
?He slipped on the ice.
?A mistake has slipped in.
?slip to a stop (halt, pause): come to a stop/ screech to a halt/ grind to a stop
?slide: accelerated motion without loosing contact with the smooth surface
?She slid down the bank into the water.
?A boat slides through the water.
?The thief slid into the room.
?Time slides by.
?glide: rather close to slide, moving smoothly, quietly and continuously,
?A few gondolas glided past.
?The pilot shut off the motors and glided down to the landing field
?The thief glided out of the room.
?The years glided past.
3. lump: a compact mass of substance, esp. one without a definite or regular shape
?There is a lump of ice floating in the milk.
?She was holding a lump of clay in her hand.
?He was unhurt apart from a huge lump on his forehead.
a lump in the throat:
?a feeling of tightness or dryness in the throat caused by strong emotion, esp. sadness
?There was a lump in her throat as she gazed down at her uncle?s gaunt features.
4. preoccupation
-- preoccupy: to fill the thoughts or hold the interest of sb./sb.?s mind almost completely, esp. so that not enough attention is given to other (present) matters.
-- preoccupied: completely engrossed or absorbed in thought
-- preoccupation(s): the state of being preoccupied and not noticing what is happening about oneself
?Ms. Smith is always preoccupied with her own well being. (paying the bills)
?The question of going abroad was his constant preoccupation.
?His greatest preoccupation is how to get money for National Day.
?His preoccupation with business left little time for his family.
?His mind is preoccupied with private cares.
?The old man is always anxiously preoccupied by his son?s future.
?Their main preoccupation is how to feed the family.
5. rub shoulders (or US elbows) with: associate or come into contact with another person; meet and mix with people
?He rubbed shoulders with TV stars at the party.
?Men and women of assorted ages and degrees of prosperity rub elbows and exchange opinions.
?The foreign visitors said that they would like to rub shoulders with ordinary Chinese people.
?During those two terms at the boarding school, she rubbed shoulders with the rich.
?This is not the sort of club where the great rub shoulders with the humbles.
6. oblivious of (to)…be unaware of/ unmindful of what is happening around one
?She became absorbed in the work, oblivious of the passage of time.
?I am oblivious of my former failure.
?The book was so interesting that I was oblivious of my surroundings.
?She is oblivious of his adoration.
?They are playing, oblivious of all care.
?Many ancient cities have long since passed into oblivion.
?Their names are now fallen/sunk into oblivion.
7.facade：face，front
?The guard stood at the ornate facade of the Palace. 卫兵站在装饰华丽地宫殿的正面
?He revealed the grim facts behind the facade of gaiety. 他揭示了欢乐外表后面的冷酷事实.
facade: the face of a building, esp. the principal front that looks on to a street or open space; an outward appearance that is maintained to conceal a less pleasant or creditable reality
?Her flawless public facade masked private despair.
?He tried hard to maintain a facade of contentment.
?The US pretended to assume a facade of neutrality at the beginning of the two world wars.
8.martyr:
?1. One who chooses to suffer death rather than renounce religious principles.
?2. One who makes great sacrifices or suffers much in order to further a belief, cause, or principle.
?3. One who inflicts great pain / torment, who endures great suffering: 长期受痛苦折磨的人
?4. one who makes a great show of suffering in order to arouse sympathy or certain prestige.
?a missionary martyr 殉教者
?a revolutionary martyr革命烈士
?a martyr to duty 殉职者
?a martyr to love 殉情者
?a martyr to continuous headaches/ arthritis / hepatitis一个不断受到头痛/关节炎/肝炎折磨的人
9. in response to: reaction of an organism or a mechanism to a specific stimulus.
in response to: in answer to回答，回应
?An honors degree course in Japanese has been established in response to an increasing demand.
?I hurries along the passage in answer to the doorbell?s ring.应…而
?The doctor came at once in answer to my phone call.
?Now I have to take up my pen in reply to your letter of June 6th.答复
collocations of response
?The letter brought no response from the school authorities.
?The pathetic appeal called forth no response in his breast. 这种哀诉未能引起他的任何反应。
?His oratorical efforts evoked great response in his audience. 他的雄辩在听众中引起巨大的反响。
10. intermezzo: anything that fills time between two events: More words from Italian:
solo 独唱/奏
?duo二重唱/奏
?trio三重唱/奏
?quartet四重唱/奏
?soprano女高音
?tenor男高音
?alto女低音
?bass男低音
?Tempo速度、拍子?mezzo-soprano女中音?baritone男中音
?aria咏叹调
?sonata奏鸣曲
?concerto协奏曲
?serenade小夜曲?overtune序曲
?mandolin曼陀林
?maestro艺术大师
?broccoli花椰菜
?pizza意式馅饼
?macaroni通心粉
?spaghetti实心粉
?semolina粗拉面粉
?vermicelli脆硬细面条
?ballot无记名投票
?buffoon 小丑
?casino赌场/娱乐场
?colonel上校
?confetti五彩纸屑
?fresco壁画
?ghetto贫民窟
?inferno地狱般的地方
?mafia黑手党
?malaria瘴气
?parasol（女用）阳伞
?porcelain瓷器
?propaganda宣传(贬)
?Partisan游击队
?colonel陆军上校
?vendetta家族之间的世仇
?volcano
?tempo
?balcony
11. embankment (embank): a wall or a bank of earth or stone built to prevent a river flooding an area
?a bank of earth or stone built to carry a road or railway over an area of low ground
?Cf. embark (embarkation)
?go on board a ship, aircraft
?He embarked for India in 1817.
?The ship embarked passengers and cargo.
?That rash young man has embarked on (in, upon) a new undertaking. 着手，从事
?Cf. embargo: impose an official ban on
?The country has been virtually embargoed by most of the non-Communist countries.
?to lay an embargo on free speech
?a gold embargo 禁止纸币兑换黄金或输出黄金
?During the war of 1812, Congress laid an embargo on commerce with Great Britain.
?伦敦港禁止所有来自波罗地海的船只进港。
?The Port of London laid an embargo on ships coming from the Baltic.
?*lay, put, place an embargo on禁止贸易，禁运，
?*lift, raise, take off the embargo on 解禁
12. Stunning:
?1. strikingly attractive appearance相貌出众
?2. impressive: The actors gave a ~ performance.
?3. surprising: The President's final decision came with stunning suddenness.
13. porcelain-faced: white, pretty, unchanging, expressionless
?barefaced不要脸的
?double-faced两副嘴脸的，伪善的?shame-faced羞怯的，害羞的
?paleface白人（印第安人语）?surface表面
?deface损伤外观
?freckle-faced满脸雀斑的
?smooth-faced脸光的，无胡须的，圆滑的?about-faced（态度、立场）180度大转变
14. sad-eyed: eyes that look sad
?green-eyed嫉妒的
?blue-eyed心爱的
?cross-eyed斗鸡眼的，斜视的?blear-eyed烂眼睛的，泪眼模糊?screw-eye螺丝眼
?bull?s-eye靶心，十环，舷窗?bird?s-eye (view) 鸟瞰
?ox-eyed眼大如牛眼的
15. be overwhelmed: have a strong emotional effect on;
?I was overwhelmed with guilt/excitement.
?The mother was overwhelmed by grief, for her son was killed by the Kuomintang reactionaries.
?an overwhelming majority压倒的多数
?an overwhelming victory势如破竹的胜利
?overwhelming sorrow极度的悲伤
16. linger on: be slow to disappear or die
?The old tradition seems to linger on.
?We are thankful that she didn?t linger on and suffer.
?Stay in a place longer than necessary, typically because of a reluctance to leave
?She lingered in the yard, enjoying the warm sunshine.
?She let her eyes linger on him suggestively.
agony: extremely physical or mental suffering
?He crashed to the ground in agony.
?She had upset some boiling oil on her arm and was in agonies of pain.
?Agony column: a column in a newspaper or magazine offering advice on personal problems to readers who write in
?personal column: 登载寻人\离婚等通告的专栏
17. inhibited: unable to act in a relaxed and natural way because of self-consciousness or mental restraint
?having to suppress one?s feelings or emotion; feel restrained
?Having been laughed at because of his lameness, the boy became shy and inhibited.
?Cold inhibits plant growth.
inhibit:to suppress or restrain one?s behavior, an impulse, or a desire consciously or unconsciously.
?an inhibited person 不愿表露情感的人
?to feel extremely inhibited in the office 感到在办公室极其压抑
?The young ladies of the public relation are too inhibited to laugh freely.
18. oyster:
?mollusks （软体动物）any of a class of animals without a backbone or limbs, have soft bodies and usu. covered with a shell:
?mussels（贻贝）cuttlefish（墨鱼）limpets （帽贝） squid（鱿鱼）
?clams（蛤贝）snail (蜗牛) cockles（鸟蛤）slug（鼻涕虫）
?whelks（油螺）octopus(章鱼) oysters（牡蛎）
19. climax (层进法), a sequence of propositions or ideas in order of increasing importance, force or effectiveness of expression
?I am sorry, I am so very sorry, I am so extremely sorry. (Chesterton)
?It (the book) has a power, so to speak, a very exceptional power; in fact, one may say without exaggeration it is the most powerful book of the month…. (Leacock)
?Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. (Francis Bacon) 书有可浅尝者，有可吞咽者，更有少数须消化咀嚼者。
Rhetoric: Anti-climax
?A sudden drop from the dignified or important thought or expression to the commonplace or trivial, sometimes for humorous effect;
?A sudden often funny change from something noble, serious, exciting, etc. to something foolish, unimportant, or uninteresting, esp. in a speech or piece of formal writing.
anticlimax (渐降法), a common literary device to achieve humor, surprise,satire, etc.
?A woman who could face the very devil… or a mouse--- loses her grip and goes all to pieces in front of
a flash of lightning. (Mark Twain)
?The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.
?What shall I do? I have lost my love and lipstick too.
?Lincoln recognized worth in the common people; he loved the common people; he fought for the common people; and he died for the common people. 林肯认识到平民大众的价值；他热爱平民大众；他为平民大众而斗争；他为平民大众而献身。
20. sink (in): (facts or words) to become fully understood, to get a firm place in the mind
?Peter read the letter twice before the its meaning sank in.
?The warning failed to sink in and he got into trouble as a consequence.
?I think the lesson has sunk in; he won?t make the same mistake again.
?sink or swim: fail or succeed entirely by one?s own efforts
sink:
?Your kindness will sink deep into my heart. 你的好意我将铭刻在心.
?His heart sank at the thought of war. 一想到战争,他就心情沉重.
?I didn?t imagine you would sink to cheating.没想到你竟会堕落到行骗的地步.
?Let us sink our differences and work together. 忘记歧见
21. reverie: a state of being pleasantly lost in one?s thoughts; a daydream
?A knock on the door broke her reverie.
?I slipped into reverie. 我不觉陷于沉思.
?She was so lost in (a) reverie that she did not hear the doorbell ring.
?Tom loved to indulge in reveries about his future. 汤姆喜欢沉湎于幻想其未来.
More similar phrases
?be deep in thought 沉思着
?be absorbed in thoughts
?be lost in thought
?be lost in a reverie 出神，沉思
?be sunk in deep thought陷于沉思
?be engrossed in thought沉思着
?be entranced in thought想得出神
22. smell of: emit a smell of; give a smell of
?That old man smells of whiskey.
?My husband always smells of tobacco.
?In hot and sulky summer, people are likely to smell of sweat.
?You smell of garlic. Don?t have any garlic if you are to appear in public.
?Hospitals smell of formaldehyde and ether which I don?t really like.
23. spare: keep/refrain from hurting, destroying, punishing, attacking, damaging
?Spare the rod and spoil the child.
?Take my money but spare my life!
?spare sb. sth.: afford to give (time, money, ect.) to sb. or for some purpose.
?Can you spare me a few minutes?
?Can you spare one of them for me?
?We have enough and to spare. (more than we need)
spare:
?He doesn?t spare himself.他律己甚严.
?I don?t want to spare your feelings.伤害
?They spare no expense to publish books.不惜工本
?He could have spared the explanation.没必要解释
?You can use telephone and spare yourself a visit.省得跑一趟
?Spare me!饶了我吧!
?He is spare of speech.他很少说话.
24. prejudice: have, hold unfair, unfavorable feeling or opinion not based on reason or knowledge
?His voice and manner prejudiced his audience against him. 使…对反感
?They tried to prejudice the public against Koizumi.
?One unfortunate experience prejudiced him against all lawyers. 产生偏见
?His honesty and sincerity prejudiced us in his favor. 产生偏爱
collocation
?create prejudice/ have prejudice/ hold prejudice
?excite prejudice产生/持有/带着/引起偏见
?banish the prejudice/ remove the prejudice/ disarm the prejudice/ dispel the prejudice
?break down the prejudice/ cast away the prejudice/ throw aside the prejudice消除/打破/抛弃偏见
25. earthly:of or relating to humankind…s material existence as distinct from a spiritual or heavenly one
?All earthly happiness is but vanity.
?He thinks only of earthly affairs.
?She enjoys parties, dances and other worldly pleasures.
?Of all terrestrial beings man is the most noble.
?He is said never to be bothered by secular affairs.
Compare:
?earthly---heavenly 尘事，俗事---天堂
?earthly---spiritual 肉身---精神
?worldly---spiritual 凡俗，俗世---精神，灵魂
?secular---ecclesiastical 现世，世俗，非宗教--教会
?terrestrial---celestial 地球上，尘世---天国，天空
高中英语学习材料 madeofjingetieji 名师精练：Unit2 基础检测题 Ⅰ.语法和词汇知识 1．(2012·高考陕西卷)—The trip shouldn’t take more than an hour. —________.It is at least two hours. A．I guess so B．That’s it C．You must be joking D．It depends 2．On ________ Earth Day，people are requested to follow________ rules of “reduce，reuse and recycle”． A．the；/ B．/；/ C．/；the D．the；the 3．Putin has won the Russian’s presidential election as expected，over which many hold the opinion that he ________it in terms of his contribution to the country. A．permits B．deserves C．admits D．preserves 4．So severe was the earthquake ________ the country had to start a huge rescue operation. A．and B．so C．that D．as 5．He works very hard in order to get himself________ into a key university. A．accepted B．received C．announced D．admitted 6．I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale；it was a real________. A．exchange B．bargain C．trade D．business 7．Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise.________，our minds are developed by learning. A．Probably B．Likely C．Similarly D．Generally 8．Sam _____some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. A．brought up B．looked up C．picked up D．set up 9．The young man couldn’t afford a new car.________，he bought a used one. A．Besides B．Otherwise C．Instead D．Still 10．—He ought to have been warned of the danger.
Unit14 Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.R II. About the author Sir Winston Churchill (1874-1965), eldest son of Lord Randolph, a Tory politician, and Jenny Jerome, daughter of a New York businessman. 1874: born on Nov. 30 at Blenheim Palace, the home given by Queen Anne to his ancestor, the Duke of Marlborough. 1888: went to Harrow and then to the Royal Military College at Sandhurst; 1895: visited the Spanish army fighting against Cuban rebels; 1897: was with the British army in India; 1898: took part in the battle of Omdurman in the Sudan as a war correspondent; 1899: set out fro the Boer War as correspondent to the London Morning Post. 1900: entered the House of Commons; critical of the Conservative Government; 1904: joined the Liberals; a member of Lord Asquith’s cabinet by 1908; 1911-1915: First Lord of the Admiralty in Oct. in the stated year; 1917: Minister of Munitions; then Minister of War; 1924-1929: back to the Conservative Party; Chancellor of the Exchequer under Stanley Baldwin 1940: became Prime Minister in May; 1945: defeated in the election in July; 1951: again became Prime Minister; 1953: created Knight of the Garter by the Queeen; awarded the Nobel Prize in literature; 1955: resigned office and ended his public career; 1965: died on Jan. 24; was given a state funeral. Major works: The World Crisis (6 vols, 1923-1931); An Account of World War I; The Second World War (6 vols, 1948-953); History of the English Speaking Peoples (4 vols, 1956-1958) III. Detailed Study of the Text 1. the news was brought to me of Hitler's invasion of Russia. 1) The "of" phrase modifies the noun "news". It is an adjective phrase. 2) News always has the plural form but takes a singular verb. E.g. The news is bad. 2. This changed conviction into certainty: 1) In the past it was my belief that Hitler would soon attack the Soviet Union; but now it was no longer a belief, it had become a fact. 2) conviction: a very firm and sincere belief e.g.: 1. I speak in the full conviction that our cause is just. 2. From the way she spoke, you could tell she was speaking from conviction. Note: Conviction generally implies that a prior doubt existed and now has been removed because one has been convinced or assured of the truth. 3. I had not the slightest doubt where our duty and our policy lay: lie: exist, be found, reside e.g.: 1) In unity lay strength. 2) We know where our problems lie, and we have begun to solve some of them.
必修二 Unit 1 In search of the amber room Frederick William I, the king of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown color like honey. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the c ountry’s best artists about ten years to make. In fact, the room was not made to be a gift. It was designed for the palace of Fredrick I. However, the next King of Prussia, Fredrick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room became part of the Czar’s winter palace in St Petersburg. About four meters long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors. Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it. In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. Almost six hundred candles lit the room, and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is now missing. In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg. This was a time when the two countries were at war. Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. However, some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself. In less than two days 100000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at a time a German city on the Baltic Sea. After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace. By studying old photos of the former Amber room, they have made the new one look like the old one. In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city. 寻找琥珀屋 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有一段令人惊讶的历史。这件礼物就是琥珀屋, 它之所以叫这个名字,是因为建造这间房子用了好几吨琥珀,被选择的琥珀色彩艳丽, 呈黄褐色像蜜一样。屋子的设计采用当时流行的奇特风格。琥珀屋也是用金银珠宝装饰的珍品，这花费了全国最优秀的艺术家大约十年的时间才完成。 事实上, 琥珀屋并不是作为礼物而建造的。它是为腓烈特一世的宫殿而建造。然而,下一位普鲁士国王,腓烈特·威廉一世, 这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不再保留它了。1716年, 他把它送给了彼得大帝。作为回馈, 沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。所以, 琥珀屋就成了沙皇在圣彼得堡东宫的一部分。琥珀屋长约4米, 被用作接待重要来宾的小型会客室。 后来、叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣彼得堡郊外避暑的宫殿中。她让艺术家们给它增添了更多的装饰。1770年,这间琥珀屋按她要求的方式完工了。将近600支蜡烛照亮了这个房间,里面的镜子和图画就像金子一样闪闪发光。不幸的是,虽然琥珀屋被认为是世界奇迹之一,可是现在它却消失了。
必修二Unit1 限定性和非限定性定语从句 用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.Tom won the first prize, _______ everybody knows. 2.Yesterday I met Ling Ping, _______ seemed to be very busy. 3.Our teacher, ________ wife is a nurse, is very strict with us. 4._______ is known to us all, Taiwan is part of China. 5.He lost my bike, ______ made me unhappy. 6.I don’t know the reason ______ he was late for the class. 7.The house ______ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 8.The reason, ______ he looks unhappy today, is unknown to us. 9.He left his hometown in 1992, _____ he was only 12 years old. 10.Is this factory the one _______ a lot of students visited yesterday? 11.W atch out! Don’t get close to the building _____ walls are being painted. 12.T he famous actor became successful, _______ began to appear on the stage to make a living at the age of 8. 13.I s this the magazine _______ she often writes articles? ---- Yes, it is. 14.U ntil now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, _______ is quite unexpected. 15.H e was educated at a famous university, after _______ he went abroad and settled there. 16.______is known to us all, April 14, 2010 was the day _____ Yushu earthquake happened. 17.S oon children in the camp had many friends, _______ they shared food, stories and projects. 高考真题: 1.（2017北京）The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 2.（2017天津）My eldest son, ______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 3.（2016全国）Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, ______ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the development of chopsticks. 4.（2018天津）We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _____ the weather may be better. 5.（2015北京）Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ____ you can hear some lovely music. 6.（2015江苏）The number of smokers, ______ is reported, has dropped bu 17 percent in just one year. 7.（2015福建）China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 8.（2016湖南）It is a truly delightful place, ______ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. 9.（2015四川）The books on the desk, ______ covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 10.（2014江苏）The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ______ a good impression is a must.
Unit 1 My family 一、教材分析 本单元是本册教材的第1单元，学习有关家庭成员的单词和句子。二、教学目标 知识与能力： 1.单词mum dad grandma grandpa 2.句子Look, my dad!. 3.锻炼学生听、说、读单词和句子的基本能力。 过程与方法： 1.教师通过领读单词和句子，指导学生学习发音，并识记单词和句子。 2.结合卡片、录音机等媒体，通过开展游戏等活动，培养学生的学习兴趣。 3.鼓励优秀生帮助后进生，发挥其优势，带动后进生共同进步。 情感态度与价值观： 1.培养学生的学习兴趣。 2.提高学生的英语应用能力。 三、教学重点 单词、词组、句子的识记，使学生能够较好地掌握所学知识，并能够进行简单对话。 四、教学难点 识记单词、词组、句子，并能进行实际对话。 五、课时
本单元共3课时。 六、教具 卡片，录音机
Lesson 1 一．教学目标 1.知识目标 能够听懂、会说以下单词：mum，dad，grandma，grandpa 2.能力目标 在适当的情景中运用句型：Look，my…! 3.情感目标 （1）培养学生学习英语的兴趣； （2）培养学生尊敬长辈的好品质。 二．教学重、难点 1.教学重点 听懂、会说：mum, dad, grandma, grandpa四个单词。 2.教学难点 引导学生正确发音； 听懂、会说本课四个单词，一个句子。 三．课前准备 1.录音机、磁带； 2.教具：图片，单词卡片。 四．教学过程 （一）向学生渗透英语知识 1.询问学生有没有接触过英语； 2.询问学生会说几个单词；
3.出示外国图片，激发学生学习英语兴趣。 （二）学习新知 1.询问学生家里有几口人？都是谁？从而引出本课四个新词； 2.学生学习新词后，分小组读单词，评出读的最好的小组，给予学生奖励； 3.学习新词后，引导学生介绍自己的家庭成员，用上“Look，m y…！”句型； 4.学生分小组拿卡片进行练习，运用简单对话。 （三）巩固新知 学生分小组介绍自己的家庭成员。 （四）总结收获，渗透家庭教育 培养学生尊重长辈，热爱家庭的好品质。 （五）课后作业 把新学的单词说给爸爸妈妈听。 五．板书设计 Unit 1. My Family Lesson 1 Look, my dad! 图片图片 mum dad Look, my…! 图片图片 grandpa grandma
人教版高一英语必修二Unit 1课文翻译 Unit 1 Cultural relics Reading IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM 寻找琥珀屋 Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . 这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . 选出来的琥珀色彩艳丽，呈现蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . 琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的别致的建筑式样。It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . 它也是用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品。一批国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。 In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . 事实上，这个琥珀屋并不是作为礼物来建造的。It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. 它是为腓特烈一世的宫殿设计(制作)的。However, the next King
Unit2 The Olympic Games-语法篇 __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 通过本节课的学习掌握一般将来时的被动语态的用法。 一般将来时的被动语态 一．常见结构 1.will/shall +be+done Will those old buidings be pulled down next week? 2.be going to + be+done This letter is going to be typed and sent off immediately. 3.be to + be+done The question is to be discussed at the next meeting. 4.will/shall+get+done The workers will get paid before the end of December. 二．基本用法 一般将来时的被动语态表示“……将要被……”,其意义有： 1.表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动性动作； The work will be finished in two days. 2.表示有固定条件就会规律性结果。 Heated to 100℃,water will be turned into steam. 3.在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。 If I am given enough time, I will go to Hawaii for my holiday.
学段目标 激发学生学习英语的兴趣，培养他们英语学习的积极态度，使学生们建立初步学习英语的自信心；培养他们一定的语感和良好的语音、语调，并初步打下良好的书写基础；培养良好的学习习惯；培养他们初步使用英语进行简单的日常交际能力。同时注重培养学生的观察力、记忆力、想象力和创造力。
Unit 1 Hello 教学目标： ⒈学生能在教师的带领下进行上课问候。并会用hello 打招呼；会说 stand up , sit down ，同时作出相应的动作。 ⒉学生能够听懂教师在课堂上的一般英语发令方式，如class begins, hands up, class is over等。 ⒊学生能够了解英语在国际事务中的地位以及以英语为母语的国家。 4．学生可以在操练游戏中产生对英语学习的兴趣。 教学重点、难点： 会用Hello打招呼,并作自我介绍；会说 stand up ,sit down ，同时作出相应的动作。 课时安排： 6课时
课前小研究自制一个头像卡课题Lesson 1 part1 教学目标知识目标：学会并运用Hello!和Hello! I'm … 能力目标：会用Hello!与人打招呼，并介绍自己。情感目标：要求尊敬师长，礼貌待人。 重难点运用Hello!和Hello! I'm …来介绍自己。Hello!的发音。 学习方式小组合作 教具、课件录音机、图片、玩具、书。 教师活动多媒体运用学生活动 教学过程Step1导言 1．走进教师，热情向学生挥手并说： “Hello!” 2介绍学习英语的重要性。 Step2 Presentation 1用Hello!打招呼，并板书Hello! 2边说英文边解释。 3师指自己用“I'm Miss/ Mr …” 介绍自己。 4用图片介绍介绍单词:Miss,Mr. Step3 Practice 1、Look and listen. 2、Listen and point. 3、Read the dialogue. Step4 Consolidation 1表演对话。 2学唱歌曲。 Step5 Homework 对所学的对话进行交际与应用。 录音机 大屏 投影机 1.引导学生说Hello! 2.听、想 1.看，想其意。 2.听课堂用语，齐读、男生读、女 生读。 3.记、想大意。 练读 1.听、看。 2.听、指。 3.分角色朗读 1.几组到前面表演。 2.齐学歌 板书设计 Lesson 1 Hello! I'm Linda. Miss/Mr×. 小 测 试 连线 Hello 林老师 Miss Lin 琳达 Linda 你好 教学反思
人教版新课标必修2u n i t1课文原文和翻译w o r d格式 IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ,to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room because part of the Czar's winter palace in St four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors . Later,Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it .In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted . Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world , it is now missing . In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg . This was a time when the two countries were at war . Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room . However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself . In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven woooden boxs . There is no doubt that the boxs were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea . After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery . Recently , the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace . By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one .In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city . A FACT OR AN OPINION What is a fact Is it something that people believe No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact. Then what is an opinion An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some peo ple may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works. He/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is called evidence. 人教版新课标必修2 unit2 课文原文word格式 AN INTERVIEW Pausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games. He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.
Unit 2 Reading课文语法填空 An Interview 一、语法填空(根据课文内容完成短文） The Olympic Games are the 1________ (big) sports event in the world. There are two kinds of Olympic Games. 2________ is the Summer Olympic Games, and the other is the Winter Olympic Games. Both of them are held every four years. All countries can take part 3________ their athletes reach the standard to be 4________ (admit) to the games. Women are not only allowed to join in 5________ play a very important role. A special village is built for the 6________(compete) to live in, including a main reception building, several stadiums for competitions, a gymnasium and seats for audience 7________ watch the games. It is 8________ great honour to host the Olympic Games. In addition, for many countries there’s just as much competition to host the Olympic Games 9________ to win Olympic medals. Nowadays the olive wreath 10________ (replace) by medals. But it’s still all about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw further.
Unit 1 Reading课文语法填空 In Search of the Amber Room 一、语法填空(根据课文内容完成短文） Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an 1________ (amaze) history. 2________ (actual), the Amber Room was designed 3________ the palace of Frederick I. The room 4________ (make) of several tons of amber. 5________the next King of Prussia decided to give it to the Russian people as ________ gift of friendship. In return, the Czar sent a troop of his best soldiers to the Prussian. So the Amber Room became part of the Czar’s winter palace in St Petersburg. It served as a small reception hall for important visitors. Later, Catherine II had it moved to a palace 7________ she spent her summers. Before the Nazis got to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. Some of the Nazis 8________ (secret) stole the room itself. After that, 9________ happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room by studying old photos of the former 10________.