课题被动语态的考点解析
教学目标掌握被动语态的用法
教学容
【温故知新】
批注：我们见过很多街头艺人，在大街上画出的立体画非常的逼真，很多人都会认为是真的，而从旁边绕过去，所以我们被欺骗啦！We are cheated! 这样的表达，就是我们今天要讲的容——被动语态
【知识梳理】
知识点1：被动语态的基本知识
1. 语态：英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。
2. 主动语态与被动语态的转化：
①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构；③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。
例：We visited that factory last summer. 主动语态
例3：（2013）It is said that an Asian Culture Village inside the AYG, Village in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period.
A. builds
B. is building
C. will be built
D. was built
解析：答案C。考查动词的被动语态用法。an Asian Culture Village(亚洲文化村)与动作build构成被动关系，所以应使用被动语态，故排除A、B项；又据句中in the coming Asian Youth Games period可知为将来时间，所以选择答案C。
例4：（2013呼和浩特）People who ________ to the party are very excited.
A. have invited
B. has been invited
C. will invite
D. have been invited
解析：答案D。考查被动语态的用法。根据句意“已经被邀请去参加聚会的人非常激动。”可以判断须用现在完成时的被动语态。B和C选项为主动语态，但是动词invite没有宾语，故排除；而B选项中，has和主语people不能搭配。所以选择答案D。
例5：（2013黄冈）—How often do I need to feed the dog?
—It ___ food every day, or it will be hungry.
A. must give
B. must be give
C. must be given
D. must be gave
解析：答案C。考查情态动词的被动语态。它每天必须被喂食，应用被动语态，其构成是be+过去分词，故选C。
例6：The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A. has been designed
B. had been designed
C. was designed
D. would be designed
解析：答案B。根据“by the end of last month”，所以用过去完成时，又因为这座新桥是被设计的，所以综合来看，用过去完成时的被动语态。
例7：用括号动词的适当形式填空
1.she _______________ (tell) the good news as soon as it arrived.
2.A lot of work __________________(do) for the poor kids in the past few years.
3.The book ________________ (write) by the young girl several years ago.
4.All the tickets __________(sell) out when we got to the cinema.
5.A new building __________(build) at our school now.
6.I don't believe you've already finished reading the book which ________(lend) to you this morning！
解析：
1.答案was told。首先根据“as soon as it arrived”，判断时态是一般过去时，而句意是“她被告知这个好消息”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
2.答案has been done。由时间状语可知需要用现在完成时态，句意是“大量工作已经被做”，所以用被动语态。
3.答案was written。“several years ago”，可判断时态为一般过去时，“书是由一个年轻女孩所写”，应用被动语态。
4. 答案had been sold。“在他们到达电影院的时候，票已经卖完了”，这里“到达”已经是过去时，所以票卖完了是在到达之前发生的，所以用过去完成时的被动语态。
5. 答案is being built。由now可知需用现在进行时态，新桥是“被建造”，所以用现在进行时态的被动语态。
6. 答案was lent。由this morning可知时态为一般过去时，而书“被借出”，用被动语态。
例8：把下列句子改为被动句
1.John drew a beautiful horse last week.
2.The children will sing an English song.
3.People use metal for making machines.
4.He asked me to do that for him.
5.They sold out the light green dresses.
答案：1. A beautiful horse was drawn by John last week.
2. A English song will be sung by the children.
3. Metal is used for making machines by people.
4. I was asked to do that for him.
5. The light green dresses were sold out by them.
例9：用括号所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.It's said that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
2.Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now．
3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？
4.The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．
https://www.doczj.com/doc/e13068605.html,st year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．
解析：
1.答案will be built。根据后面的in two months可判断时态为一般将来时，再根据主语是bridge，可知桥是被建造的，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。
2.答案is being discussed。这里主语是疑问词引导的不定式做主语，谓语动词用三单形式，再看最后的时间状语是now，所以用现在进行时的被动语态“is being discussed”。
3.答案is spoken。句意是“哪种语言在全世界最广泛的被说”，这是一种常识性的是奇怪，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。
4.答案hasn’t been found。首先根据后面的“so far”，判断时态为现在完成时，再根据主语是单数，可以判断用“hasn’t been found”。
5. 答案were cut。时间状语“last year”，可判断时态为一般过去时，主语是很多树，所以用were cut，这里需要注意cut的原形、过去式和过去分词拼写是一样的。
例10：单选题
1. The decision about the price ______ in a few days. So they have to wait.（2013年白下区中考一模）
A. is made
B. was made
C. is being made
D. will be made
解析：答案D。根据后面“in a few days”，判断是一般将来时。这个决定是“被做”，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。
2. If city noises ____ from increasing，people will have to shout to be heard even at dinner．
A. are not kept
B. are not keep
C. do not keep
D. do not kept
解析：答案A。这里首先是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，所以if从句里面用一般现在时态的被动。
3. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, ____and perfected now.
A. developed
B. have developed
C. are being developed
D. will have been developed
解析：答案C。句意是“第五代电脑正在发展和完善”，有被动意思，而且有now这个时间状语，所以用现在进行时态的被动语态。
4. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．
--- Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A.I've been told
B. I've told
C. I'm told
D. I told
解析：答案A。这里说的是运动会这个消息，我是“被告知”的，所以用被动语态，所以排除B和D。再根据句意，被告知这个事情已经发生了，强调对现在所造成的影响，所以需要用现在完成时态。
5. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A. has completed
B. completes
C. has been completed
D. is completed
解析：答案D。这里也需遵循“主将从现”原则，before引导的从句中需用一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。
6. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near
future.
A. cut
B. are cut
C. are being cut
D. had been cut
解析：答案C。句意是“雨林正在以很快的速度被砍伐和焚烧”，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。
7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.
A. breaks
B. has broken
C. was broken
D. had been broken
解析：答案C。这里的意思是“当铅笔一端被放在一杯水里的时候，看起来就好像被折断了”，又因为这里涉及as if后面需要用虚拟语气，所以时态需比主句往后退一格，因此用过去时态的被动语态。
【举一反三】
知识点1：
①不及物动词不用于被动语态，如appear, rise, come out, happen, occur, lie, take place等不及物动词不能用于被动语态。
例1：Great changes______________place. Many new schools ______________.
A. have taken, have been opened
B. take, are open
C. are taken, open
D. have been taken, are opened
解析：答案A。因为take place没有被动语态，所以排除C和D，又因后句中很多新学校开了，这里需要被动，而且表示到现在为止已经开了，所以用现在完成时态的被动语态。综合选择A。
例2：A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened
B. has been happened
C. happened
D. was going to happen 解析：答案C。因为happen没有被动语态，所以排除A和B。又有yesterday，可判断时态是一般过去时，所以选C。
②表状态动词不用于被动语态，常见的有：hold, have, cost, contain, become, look like等
例1：这本书花了我20元。（用cost翻译）
____________________________________________________
解析：答案The book cost me 20 yuan。因为主语是书，很可能有的同学会写成“The book was cost 20 yuan.”可是cost这里表状态，不用于被动态。
例2：That suit __ over 60 dollars.
A. had costed
B. costed
C. is costed
D. cost
解析：答案D。因为cost这个词不需要用被动语态，所以这里的主语是单数，可以用costs（一般现在时）或cost（一般过去时），根据选项，只能选D。
知识点2：主动形式表被动意义。
1）某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义。如：look, smell, taste, feel, prove, wear, sound
等
例：Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.她的卧室看起来非常干净和整洁。
2)某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。
例：The conversation is hard to understand.对这话很难理解。
The fish is not easy to fish.鱼不容易钓。
The passage is difficult to read.这段文章很难读懂。
3)动名词的主动形式表示被动语态。如：need, require, worth等，并且可相互转化，如need doing = need to be done。
例：The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。
The children need looking after.孩子们需要照看。
4)write, sell, wash和read和副词连用，主动语态表被动意义。
例：The pen writes smoothly. 这笔写起来很顺手。
The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。
例1：--- Do you like the material?
--- Yes, it ___ very soft.
A . is feeling
B . felt
C . feels
D . is felt
解析：答案C。这道题首先根据选项看出考查的是feel的用法，它属于系动词，无被动，无进行时，所以排除A，D，然后根据前一句话的时态确定选择C。
例2：It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．
A. write
B. to write
C. to be written
D. written
解析：答案B。作表语的形容词difficult后不定式to write主动形式表示被动意义。
例3：The composition doesn’t____any more.
A. need to be correcting
B. need to be corrected
C. need be corrected
D. need be correcting
解析：答案B。因为need doing sth = need to be done，这里只有B正确，如果变成need doing sth，
A. steal
B. to steal
C. to be stolen
D. stealed
解析：答案B。see的用法，see sb do sth和see sb doing sth，被动态是sb be seen to do sth和sb be seen doing sth，所以根据选项来看，这里选择B。
知识点5：一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。例：We can't laugh at him. →He can't be laughed at by us.
例1：翻译
1. 从来没有听说过这件事情。
_______________________________________________________
2. 我妹妹由奶奶照顾的很好。
_______________________________________________________
答案：1. Such a thing has never been heard of before.
2. My sister will be taken care of by Grandma.
例2：单选题
1. I think much attention ____your pronunciation.
A. must be paid to
B. ought to paid to
C. must pay to
D. should be paid
解析：答案A。首先attention作主语，后面需接被动语态，所以先排除B和C。又因为pay attention to 这个动词短语，在被动语态时，后面的to不可以丢掉，所以选A。
2. Our teacher ______ carefully.
A. should be listened to
B. should be listen
C. be listened
D. is listened 解析：答案A。首先our teacher作主语，后面表示“被听”，需接被动语态，又因为是单数，所以先排除C。又因为listen to这个动词短语，在被动语态时，后面的to不可以丢掉，所以选A。
A. did; use
B. was; used
C. is; used
D. are; used
( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
A. knows
B. knew
C. is known
D. was known
( )10.Who _____ this book _____?
A. did; written
B. was; written by
C. did; written
D. was; written
Keys:1. B 2. D 3.A 4. C 5. C 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B
二：用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
2. The old man is ill. He must______ (send) to the hospital.
3. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
4. What _______ knives ______ (make) of ?
They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood.
5. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library?
6. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.
7. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.
8. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already.
9. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.
10. The whole mountain _________ (cover) by the snow.
Keys: 1.are told 2. be sent 3. are sold 4.are；made , are made 5. be taken
5.is cleaned 7.be seen 8. have been watered 9. sells 10. is covered
三、句子翻译
1.残疾人不应被轻视。
2.这些孩子被照顾的很好。
3.安全的重要性必须被关注。
4.这个问题将会被讨论。
答案：1. The disabled shouldn’t be looked down upon.
2. The children are taken good care of.
3. The importance of the safety must be paid attention to.
4. The question will be talked about later.
四、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空
1 English _____(speak)all over the world.
2 The song ______(write) by him 2 yeas ago.
3 The pictures_____(take) by him tomorrow.
4 The film _____(show) here twice.
5 The computer _____(can use ) in the room.
6 The article _______(translate) into many languages since it was published.
7 The room ______(paint) now.
8 That clock ______(call) Big Ben.
9 Last week I ____(ask) about English culture.
10.The food _____________ (smell) delicious.
答案：1.is spoken 2.was written 3.will be taken 4.has been shown 5.can be used
6.has been translated
7.is being painted
8.is called
9.was asked 10.smells
五、单项选择
（）1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed
B. should be read
C. must read
D. ought to read （）2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked
B. looked after
C. were looked after
D. looked
（）3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen
B. was given, wasn't listened
C. give, wasn't listened
D. was given, didn't listen
（）4. When____ the accident _____ ?
A. was, happen
B. did, happen
C. is, happen
D. was, happened （）5. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss
B. will discuss
C. is going to be discussed
D. has been discussed
（）6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded
B. was built
C. builds
D. has been built
（）7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up
B. have been set up
C. were set up
D. set up （）8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished
B. have finished
C. had been finished
D. have been finished
（）9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown
B. is…grew
C. was…grew
D. was…grown
（）10. He ____ by the teachers.
A. is always praised
B. praises
C. have been praised
D. always is praised
（）11. The sports meeting ________ held until next week.
A.didn’t be
B. won’t be
C. isn’t
D. doesn’t
（）12. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking
B. had been taken
C. was taken
D. had taken
（）13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .
A. has been repaired
B. is repairing
C. is repaired
D. is being repaired
（）14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown
B. showed
C. have shown
D. was showing
（）15. The war______ in 1941.
A. broke out
B. had been broken out
C. was broken out
D. had broken out
（）16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapor(蒸汽).
A. is heated
B. heating
C. has heated
D. heats
（）17. We can't enter the room because its door______ .
A. locked
B. locks
C. is locked
D. is locking
（）18. They ______day and night.
A. are made work
B. are made to work
C. made to be worked
D. are making to work
（）19. Chang'an Road is ______of people.
A. filled
B. fill
C. full
D. fulled
（）20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.
A. was sent up
B. is sent up
C. have been sent up
D. has been sent up
（）21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children.
A. is, singing
B. is, sung
C. will, sing
D. was, sung
（）22.The windows of our house _____once a week.
A. must clean
B. have cleaned
C. is cleaned
D. are cleaned
（）23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ?
A. was, found
B. was, founded
C. did, found
D. does, found
（）24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.
A. will be mended
B. has mended
C. was mended
D. mended
（）25. Your exercise books _____ after class.
A. will hand in
B. must hand in
C. handed in
D. must be handed in
（）26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.
A. be planted
B. plant
C. are planted
D. will be planted
（）27. The sun _____ at night as usual.
A. can be seen
B. can't see
C. can't be seen
D. doesn't see
（）28. A new English play _____ there next week.
A. will put on
B. will be put on
C. is going to put on
D. will be putted on （）29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened
B. has been happened
C. happened
D. was going to happen
（）30. The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke, is broken
B. is broken, was broken
动词的语态 动词的语态用以说明句中主语和谓语的关系。如果主语是动作 的执行者，动词形式为主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词形式为被动语态。被动语态与主动语态一样，也是中考的重要考点之一，分值约占中考总分值的8%。考查的内容主要有被动语态的用法、被动语态的结构、被动语态与主动语态的相互转化、不能使用被动语态的句型等。考查的形式包括用所给的动词的适当形式填空、单项选择、句型转换、完型填空、阅读理解等。 1．被动语态的构成 被动语态和主动语态一样，也有各种时态形式，其基本结构是，be+过去分词。被动语态的谓语和主语在逻辑上是动宾关系。 初中阶段常见的几种时态的被动语态： (1)一般现在时：am/is /are+过去分词 History is made by people.历史是由人民创造的。 (2)一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 The book was written by him.这本书是他写的。 The radio wasn’t mended last week.上周这台收音机没被修理。 （3）一般将来时：a. am/is/are going to be+过去分词； b.will/shall be +过去分词。 Some trees will be planted this spring.今年春天将要植一些
树。 Shall we be asked to study English?会不会要我们去学英语？（4）含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词 The man must be sent to hospital.这个人必须被送往医院。 （5）现在进行时：am/is/are+being+过去分词 Some trees are being planted by the students. Is a few factory eing built in your village? (6)现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词 She is unhappy because she hasn’t been asked to the party.她不高兴，因为她没有被邀请去参加聚会。 被动语态的基本用法： （1）不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时用被动语态。 Letters are collected at eight every morning.信件每天 早上八点收取。 The glass was broken last night.玻璃被打坏了。 （2）为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。例如： The plan has already been made.计划已经制定好了。 The bag was taken away by his sister.那个包被他姐姐拿 走了。 （3）在上下文中，为了使句子衔接更紧密（结构的需要）时要用被动语态。
2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及 答案 the bridge、 The bridge was built by them、 （一）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 1一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught She often watersthe flowers、The flowers are often watered by her’English is spoken by lots of people in the world2一般过去时：was／were＋taught Was/were doneWe visited a form yesterday、A form was visited yesterday by us、the cup was broken by the boy、He was saved at last、My bike was stolen,Some new computers were stolen last night、This book was published in198 1、这本书出版于1981年3一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught Am/ is /are going to be doneShe will plant some trees this week、some trees will be planted this week、our class is going to hold a party this morning、A party is going to be held this evening by our classA new road will be built next year4现在进行时：am／is／are being＋
英语被动语态讲解及练习 一、什么是被动语态？ 英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。”，“这座楼房是由他们建造的。” 二、被动语态的结构 那么，英语中被动语态是怎么样构成的呢？请看下面的例句（注意划线部分）： His bicycle was stolen. The building has been built in 2000. 通过上面的例句，可以看出，“被动语态”的构成是： be + 过去分词+ (by+动作执行者) 三、被动语态的运用 什么情况下要用被动语态呢？一般地说，有下面几种情况： （1）不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。例如： Paper is made from wood. （纸是由木材生产出来的。） The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. （这座房子太旧了。它是1950年建成的。） He was wounded in the fight. （他在战斗在受伤了。） Electricity is used to run machines. （电是用来开动机器的。） （2）需要强调动作的对象时。例如： Calculator can't be used in the maths exam.
（计算器不能用于数学考试。） Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn’t be taken away. （阅览室的书籍和报纸不准带走。） He was awarded first prize in that contest. （他在比赛中获得了第一。） （3）为了使语气婉转，避免提到是谁做的这件事。例如： The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. （新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。） 四、各种时态的被动语态举例 一般地讲，被动语态可用于英语的各种时态。为了能准确地运用被动语态，重点是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化。各种时态的被动语态举例如下： 1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned every day. This car is made in China. 2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词 His desk was cleaned just now. The station was built in 1928. 3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词 A new factory is being built in our city now. Some trees are being cut down in the park. 4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词
被动语态 授课人：授课时间： 一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。 例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 判断：你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ We call the doctor. People don’t play football here. The truck was cleaned yesterday. Mr Chen teaches us English. The classroom was cleaned.
二、被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词+by sb（be+done) 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should... +be done 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、主动变被动的方法 口诀：主变宾，宾变主，By 句尾跟 Be 字变，Vpp跟后面 一、选择题（2×15=30分） 一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( ) a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build
初中被动语态语法讲解 (一) 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done 一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done 现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done 将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时：
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： Many people speak English．（主动语态） English is spoken by many people．（被动语态） 1．被动语态的构成 由于不及物动词不能带宾语，故无被动语态，只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态，其基本构成方式是“助动词be＋过去分词”。 注意：“be＋过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态，有些动词（如be，feel，look，seem等）后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，用作表语表示状态。如： My bike is broken．（我的自行车坏了。） The door is open．（门开了。） 2．主动语态改被动语态的方法 1）将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面：①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构；③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。 2）含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位；②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或for。如：He gave the boy an apple．→The boy was given an apple．（或An apple was given to the boy．） Her father bought her a present．→She was bought a present by her father．（或A present was bought for her by her father．） 3）不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。如： They watched the children sing that morning．→The children were watched to sing that morning． 4）带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。如： We call him Xiao Wang．→He is called Xiao Wang． He cut his hair short．→His hair was cut short． They told him to help me．→He was told to help me． 5）短语动词是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏。如： We must take good care of the young trees．→The young trees must be taken good care of． 6）含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面；也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know，say，believe，find，think，report等。如： People believe that he is ill．→It is believed that he is ill．（或：He is believed to be ill．） 3．被动语态改为主动语态的方法： 被动语态中介词by后的宾语改为主动语态中的主语（或按题意要求确定主语），按照这个主语的人称和数以及原来的时态把谓语动词形式由被动语态改为主动语态。注意在主动语态中有的动词要求不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语，此时要把被动语态中的to去掉。被动语态的主语用来作主动语态的宾语。如： History is made by the people．The people make history． 4．不能用于被动语态的情况 1）某些表示“静态”的及物动词（表示状态而不是动作，而且常常是不可用于进行时态的动词）如have，fit，suit，hold（容纳），cost，suffer，last（持续）等不能用于被动语态。如： They have a nice car．他们有一辆漂亮的汽车。 My shoes don't fit me．我的鞋不合适。 My brain can't hold so much information at one time．我的脑子一下子记不住这么多资料。 How much／What does it cost这值多少钱 Our holiday lasts 10days．我们的假期有十天。 This food will last（them）（for）3days．这食物足够（他们）（吃）三天。 2）不是所有带介词的动词都能用于被动结构。若是构成成语动词通常有被动态，若不构成成语动词则无被动态。试比较：
被动语态全解 语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系 表示主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。 一.被动语态的时态： am /is/ are + 动词的过去分词 was /were + 动词的过去分词 will be +动词的过去分词 am /is /are +being + 动词的过去分词 have /has +been + 动词的过去分词 6.情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词 主易语态木能变为被动语态倒情说: 1, 当宾语是反身代词时 The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker . 2, 当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时 Does the pair of new shoes suit you? We will have a meeting . 四. 特殊情况的被动语态： 1. 带双宾语的被动语态： 动词+ sb （间宾）+sth （直宾） 口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变， to /for 间宾连。 1） .give/pass /show 与介词 to 搭配。 give sb sth ---------sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb . 2） .buy/make/cook 与介词 for 搭配。 buy sb sth ---------sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I a book by him. A book me by him . My mother made me a cake . I a cake by my mother A cake me by my mother . 2. 带省to 的不定式作宾补的被语态：动词 + sb + do sth . 口诀：感使动词真叫怪， to 来to 去记心怀，主动语态 to 离去被动语态to 回来。 动词: make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth The boss made the workers work all day The workers work all day by the boss. 3. see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时 doing 不变。 I heard Tom singing just now Tom by me just now . 4. 以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。 We should take care of the old . The old should ____________________________ . 五. 注意事项： 1. 有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态： last ,have ,own ??-..belong to ,suit ?- fine , 2. 不及物动词是没有被动语态: happen ,take place ,appear , hold （ 容纳） 3. 系动词是没有被动语态： Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste ???. The dish tastes good . 4. 有些词组没有被动语态: sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well This kind of skirt sells well. 5. need 表示需要时，后面常接 doing 形式表示被动意义，相当于 to be done . All the computers need repairing .= All the computers need. 6. 在too ??-to …及enough to ??-结构中有时表示被动意义。 The problem is too difficult to solve. 1. The road last year. A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built 2. Liu Xiang ___ by his coach to train regularly. A. adised B. advises C. was advised D. be advised 3. A Disneyland Park in Shanghai Pudong New Area in the near future. 欢迎阅读 ,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 ，被动语态 1. 一般现在时的被动语态 2. 一般过去时的被动语态 3. 一般将来时的被动语态 4. 现在进行时的被动语态 5. 现在完成时的被动语态
初中英语被动语态讲 解原版
初中英语被动语态讲解原版 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） has /have been done 现在完成时 例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时 例A new cinema is being built here． 4） was/were done 一般过去时 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5） had been done 过去完成时 例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.[少儿英语口语的提高，如果方法对还是很快的，最好的方法就是让他沉浸在一 个英语的环境中，现在最多人用的类似UIABC 这样的外教一对一教学平台，在一对一的教学中 建立一个纯正的说英语环境，15元/节的价格，也是还算比较经济的。] 6） was/were being done 过去进行时 例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7） shall/will be done 一般将来时 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 例The project will have been completed before July. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语 变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。 例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为 被动结构时，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能 省略。
中考被动语态专项训练-讲解+句型转换 主动语态与被动语态 一.概念:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 二.被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 三.被动语态的时态:以为work 例: 1. 一般现在时: am / is/are+ worked 2. 一般过去时: was / were+ worked 3. 一般将来时: shall / will +be+ worked 4. 过去将来时: should / would+ worked 5. 现在进行时: am /is/are+ being+ worked 6. 过去进行时: was /were+ being+ worked 7. 过去进行时: was/were +being +worked 8. 现在完成时: have/has+ been+ worked 9. 过去完成时: had +been+ worked 10. 将来完成时: shall/ will +have been +worked 11. 过去将来完成时: should/would +have been+ worked 12. 情态动词 (can/may/must/should etc.)+be+动词的过去分词 四. 用法： 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 五. 方法： Many people speak English.(主动语态) English is spoken by many people.（被动语态） 六. 注意以下问题： A. 带有双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，可以把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语(sth.)变为主语，须根据习惯在原间接宾语前加上介词to或for . 用to的常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, take, bring etc. 用for的常见词有：make, choose, sing, play, draw, save, buy, get, leave, cook etc. eg. 1. Mary gave him some books. He was given some books by Mary. Some books were given to him by Mary. 2. Her father bought her a new bike. She was bought a new bike by her father. A new bike was bought for her by her father. B. 带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语不可变为主语。 eg. 1. We call him Gina. He is called Gina (by us). 2. They made me happy.
初中英语被动语态专练 （）1. One or two man-made satellites ______ in our country every year. A. have been sent up B. will be sent up C. is sent up D. are sent up （）2. Our TV set _____ yesterday. A. is repaired B. was repaired C. had been repaired D. would be repaired （）3. A new building _____ in our school next year. A. will be built B. is built C. is being built D. has been built （）4. Many books on science _____ since I went to college. A. were bought B. have been bought C, will be bought D. are bought （）5. A wonderful English talk _____ by Mr. Liu tomorrow. A. has been given B. is given C. is being given D. will be given （）6. How ______ the Great Pyramid (金字塔) _______ many years ago without modern machines. A. is…built B. would…be built C. have…been built D. was…built （）7. Mr. Li , you _____ on the phone. A. are wanted B. were wanted C. are being wanted D. will be wanted （）8. _____ the work _____ yet ? A. is finished B. Will…be finished C. Has …been finished D. Would …be finished （）9.This maths problem _____ out by little Tom. A. can be easily work B. can easily be worked C. can is easily worked D. can easily worked （）10.Trees _____ in winter but in spring. A. not can be planted B. can be not planted C. can’t be planted D. can not be plant （）11.This kind of cars ____ in Japan ten years ago. A. can only be made B. could only made C. be could only made D. could only be made （）12.____ to the front at that time ? A. Could be guns and food carried B. Could guns and food be carried C. Can guns and food be carried D. Could guns and food were carried （）13.The bear ______ to the zoo tomorrow morning. A. may be send B. may is sent C. may be sent D. is may sent （）14.We hear a bridge _____ over the river this year. A. may be built B. may is built C. may be build D. may built （）15.A book ____ more than once if you want to understand it better. A. must be readed B. must be read C. must to be read D. must read （）16.Such films _____ by children like you. A. must be not seen B. must not be see C. must not seen D. must not be seen （）17._____ the book ____ if I can’t finish it in time ? A. Must…renew B. Must…renewed C. Must…be renew D. Must…be renewed （）18 “_____ the text ____ today ?” asked Tom A. Can…be copyed B. May…be copy C. Must…is copied D. Must …be copied （）19.Kate has a high fever. A doctor must _____ at once. A. send for B. is sent for C. be sent D. be sent for （）20.Don't go in . Your son _____ inside the room. A. is operated on B. is being operated on C. operates on D. has been operated （）21.Food and clothes ____ by women. A is often talk about B. are often talked C. are often talked about D. often talked about （）22.The baby ____ when Mother was out. A. well looked after
初中英语被动语态的讲解 定义：英语中有两重语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态中的主语是动作的执行者，被动语态中的主语是动作的承受者，即主动语态中的宾语。所以只有及物动词才有被动语态。 规则：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。第一，助动词be 要随着人称和数的变化而变化，第二，助动词be 要随着时态的变化而变化。 一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化以do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2）was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 3）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 4）am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here． 5）was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there. 6）should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 7）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 8）had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July. 2．被动语态句型变化肯定句主语+be+过去分词，否定句主语+be not+过去分词，一般疑问句Be+主语+过去分词，特殊疑问句疑问词+be+主语+过去分词。 3.被动语态的特殊形式 1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 双宾语结构。主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍
初中英语被动语态专项讲解
初中英语被动语态专项讲解 一、语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者（或执行者）eg：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak 的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。eg：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。) 各种时态的被动语态构成： 1.一般现在时：am／is／are＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world 2.一般过去时：was／were＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：This house was built in 1958. His leg was broken in an accident. 3.一般将来时：will／shall be＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：More factories will be built in our city. He will be taken to hospital tomorrow. 4.现在进行时：am／is／are being＋及物动词的过去分词. Eg： A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this city 5.过去进行时：was/were being＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：The meeting was being held when I was there. We were being trained this time last year. 6.现在完成时：have／has been＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：His book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again . 7.过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词 Eg：A new school had been set up by the end of last year. 8.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 Eg：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 三、被动语态的基本用法 一般来说，在我们日常生活中，能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态： 1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。 eg：1).Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。 2).This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。