高考英语第一轮复习：虚拟语气【考纲解读】
虚拟语气是高考热点，考生需要注意if条件从句中虚拟语气的用法、含蓄条件句中虚拟语气的用法和名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；以及虚拟语气中倒装的出现；虚拟语气用于定语从句等。
【知识要点】
一、语气的定义和种类
1.语气(mood)
语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2.语气的种类
1)陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：
There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。
Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？
How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊！
2)祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如：
Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。
Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。
3)虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如：
If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
May you succeed! 祝您成功！
二、简单句中的虚拟语气
1.情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。如：
Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office？
请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？
It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。
2.表祝愿
1)常用“may+动词原形”表示“祝愿，但愿”，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）如：May good luck be yours! 祝你好运！
May you do even better! 祝你取得更大成就！
May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩得痛快。
May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
May you be happy. (注意be) 祝你幸福。
2)用动词原形，如：
Long live the people! 人民万岁！
“God bless you,”said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！”
Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！
3.表示强烈愿望（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，第三人称单数也不加“s”）
4.表命令
1)命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you)，而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。
2)句子尾通常加上感叹号：！
3)虚拟语气动词用一般现在时态(Simple Present)，如：work, be, go
4)否定形式的命令语气，可用助动词do，加上not。
Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虚拟语气) 别工作那么卖力。
5.在一些习惯表达中，如：
You’d better set off now.你最好现在就出发。
I’d rather not tell you the secret.我情愿不告诉你这个秘密。
三、名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1.宾语从句中的虚拟语气
1)在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。
①对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）：
从句用过去时或过去进行时(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be用were，实义动词用过去式。如：
I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道)
I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能)
I wish I were a bird.但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能)
Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂)
②对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反）：
用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。如：
I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn’t wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了)
He wishes he hadn’t lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去)
③对将来情况的虚拟(表示将来的主观愿望)：从句动词“would/should/could/might+动词原形”(时间上较后)(请注意：主句和从句的主语不相同)。用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。如：I wish it would stop raining.(虚拟动词would+动词原形stop) 我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢)
I wish you would be quiet.(would + be) 我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢) You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive) 你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到)
注意：①如果将wish改为过去式wished, 其后that 从句中的动词形式不变。如：
I wished I hadn’t spent so much money. 我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。
②如果that 从句中用would, 一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求。如：
I wish you would help me. 我希望你能帮我。
2)在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的that从句应用虚拟语气，且均以should+动词原形表示这种语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：
表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg
表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move, propose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote
表示“决定、命令”的：decide, order
表示“主张”的：maintain, urge
表示“同意、坚持”的：consent, insist 如：
When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, “The razor and water do the job.”
当我建议他用刮胡膏时，他说“剃刀和水就行了”。
He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work.
他费了几天功夫寻找理论根据，直到我建议拆开看看它是如何转动的。
One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English speaking country.
我们建议学生应在说英语的国家待上两三年。
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中虚拟语气很普遍，其结构如：
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist +... (should) do
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 我建议我们下周开个会。
注意：在insist 后的从句中, 如果是坚持自己, 用陈述语气, 坚持别人做什么事情, 用虚拟语气。
She insists that she is right. 她坚持说她是对的。
She insisted that I should finish the work at once.
她一再坚持我应该马上完成这项工作。
或者说，suggest, insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
判断改错:
(错)Your pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.
(对)Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
(错)I insisted that you (should) be wrong.
(对) I insisted that you were wrong.
3)在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。
在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中，我们经常用“should＋动词原形(或完成形式)”，表示惊奇、怀疑、不满等。
I never thought that he should be such a brave young soldier.
我们从来没想到他是个如此勇敢的小战士。
4)would rather，would sooner，had rather，would (just) as soon ，would prefer之后的宾语
从句中的虚拟语气would rather, would sooner, had rather, would (just) as soon，would prefer （希望）也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去时表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。表示“宁愿做什么”或“对过去做的事的懊悔”。The manager would rather his daughter did not work in the same office.
经理宁愿她女儿不与他在同一间办公室工作。
To be frank，I’d rather you were not involved in the case.坦率地说，我希望你不要卷入这件事。
I’d rather you didn’t make any comment on the issue for the time being.
我倒希望你暂时先不要就此事发表意见。
注意：
①若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用动词原形
I would rather stay at home today.今天我愿待在家里。
②would rather...than...中用动词原形
I would rather stay at home than go out today. 今天我想待在家里而不想外出。
5)“had hoped”后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
用“had hoped”表示原来希望做到而实际上未能实现的事情，其宾语从句的谓语用“would+动词原形”。
I had hoped that she would go to the U.S. and study there, but she said she liked to stay in China.
我原本希望她到美国去念书并留在那，但她说她喜欢留在中国。
2.主语从句中的虚拟语气
1)“It is (was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that...”结构中的虚拟语气
在It is (was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that...结构中，使用某些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令、可能、适当、较好、迫切、紧近、重要等形容词后的主语从句的谓语也用虚拟语气。其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或省略should直接用动词原形（美国英语中省去should）
常用的形容词：natural (自然的), appropriate (适当的),advisable (合适的), preferable (更可取的), better (更好的)，necessary (必须的), important (重要的), imperative (急需的), essential (本质的), vital (必不可少的)，probable (很可能的), possible (可能的) desirable (极好的)，advisable （合理的），compulsory（必须的），crucial（紧急的），incredible（惊人的），necessary（必要的），possible（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（紧迫的）。
常用的过去分词(Past Participle): required (需要的), demanded (要求), requested (被请求), desired (要求)，suggested (建议), recommended (推荐)，orderd (命令) 如：
It is essential that these application forms be sent back as early as possible.
这些申请表应尽早地寄回，这是很重要的。
It is vital that enough money be collected to fund the project.
重要的是募集足够的钱，为这个项目提供资金。
注意：在上述所列形容词后面用that引出的宾语从句中，谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。
I don’t think it advisable that Tom be assigned to the job si nce he has no experience.
汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不恰当的。
2）在It is ＋名词＋that...的主语从句中的虚拟语气
在It is ＋名词＋that的主语从句中，常用虚拟语气，表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等。这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，motion，order，pity，preference，proposal，recommendation，requirement，resolution，shame，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。如：
It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad.我建议派他去国外深造。
3.虚拟语气用在表语从句或同位语从句中
当某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或直接用动词原形。这类名词常见的有：demand (要求), desire (请求),requirement (要求)，advice (劝告), recommendation (建议),suggestion (建议)，order (命令)，necessity (必要地), preference (优先)，proposal (计划), plan (计划), idea (办法)，recommendation以及resolution等。如：
We are all for your proposal that the discussion be put off.
我们都赞成你提出的将讨论延期的建议。
The suggestion that the mayor present the prizes was accepted by everyone.
由市长颁发奖金的建议被每个人接受。
【考点诠释】
虚拟语气考点透析
考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法
1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时（be动词用were）
+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。例如：
①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.
A.couldn’t
B.shouldn’t
C.can’t
D.might not
解析句意为：如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。that 从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。正确答案为C。
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分
+if+should/would/could...+have done+其他成分。例如：
If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.But it ______ all day.
A.rained
B.rains
C.has rained
D.is raining
3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。例如：
If I ______ plan to do anything I want to，I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.
A.would
B.could
C.had to
D.ought to
解析句意为：如果我能够计划做我想做的事情，我想去西藏并且尽可能多玩一些地方。句子描述的是与将来事实相反的事情，所以正确答案为B。
考点二、含蓄虚拟条件句
这样的虚拟句不含有if从句，而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等引导的句子代替if
从句，主句的谓语动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本用法相同。例如：
Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ______ it without you.
A.can manage
B.could have managed
C.could managed
D.can have managed
解析由语境可知这里要表达的意思是：如果没有你们辛勤的工作，我们不可能处理好这件事。很显然，这是对过去发生的事实的虚拟，所以要用could have done，故应选B。
考点三、主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句
在有些虚拟条件句中，主从句时间不一致，应根据不同情况区别对待。例如：
It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A.wouldn’t have fallen
B.had not fallen
C.should fall
D.were to fall
解析句意为：如果不是我在七岁时爱上家乡的Melinda Cox图书馆的话，很难想象今天的我会是什么样子。主句描述的是与现在事实相反的事情，从句描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。正确答案为B。
考点四、名词性从句中的虚拟语气
在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句和在it做形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中，宾语补足语是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，从句中的谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。例如：
—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York？
—I agree，but the problem is ______ he has refused to.
A.will not be sent；that
B.not be sent；that
C.should not be sent；what
D.should not send；what
考点五、wish/if only/would rather从句中的虚拟语气
具体说来其基本结构为：wish/if only/would rather+主语+动词一般过去时（表示与现在事实相反，其中be动词用were）/动词过去完成时（表示与过去事实相反）/would+动词原型（表示与将来事实相反）。例如：
Look at the trouble I’m in，if only I ______ your advice！
A.followed
B.would follow
C.had followed
D.should follow
解析句意为：看我目前的困境，要是我听你的建议就好了。其描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。正确答案为C。
典题链接
1. She might have been in time for the train, but she ______ late.
A. started
B. has started
C. was to start
D. had started
答案：A
解析：本题考查动词语气。might have done表示与过去事实相反，因此but后用一般过去时态表示实际发生的事。
2. I lost your cell phone number, otherwise, I _______ you long before.
A. had called
B. have called
C. would have called
D. should call
答案：C
解析：根据时间状语long before，可知这是对过去的假设，要是知道你的手机号码，我早就给你打电话了。
3.—It’s so near! We should have walked there.
—Yes, a taxi _______ necessary at all.
A. wasn’t
B. isn’t
C. hadn’t been
D. won’t be
答案：A
解析：这是一道根据情态动词+have done判断时态的题目。我们知道这个结构只可能有两种时态：过去时和现在完成时，对话内容是恍然发现目的地离得很近，所以本没必要打车，是对过去的虚拟，表示后悔的心情。真实的过去是坐了出租车的。
4. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.
A. Would
B. Should
C. Might
D. If
答案：B
解析：if引导的虚拟将来的结构是：if...should/were to do...,...would do...这个句式可以倒装，变成：were...to do/should ...do...,...would do...。
5.________ the traffic jam, we would have arrived earlier.
A. In spite of
B. Because of
C. But for
D. Due to
答案：C
解析：这是一个含蓄的if虚拟条件句，相当于:If it hadn’t been for the traffic jam, we would have arrived earlier. but for=without,要不是。
6. Without your timely help, we _______ in big trouble that day.
A. had been
B. would be
C. would have been
D. were
答案：C
解析：本题同第五题。相当于if it hadn’t been for your timely help, we would have been in trouble that day.
7. It’s high tim e you _______ to make the decision yourself.
A. shall learn
B. learn
C. learnt
D. have learnt
答案：C
解析：It’s high time+从句表建议时要用were式虚拟语气，从句中用过去式。
8. If you ______ me earlier, you ________ sorry now.
A. had listened to; wouldn’t have been
B. were to listen to; shouldn’t have been
C. had listened to; wouldn’t be
D. listened to; wouldn’t be
答案：C
解析：此题是一个混合虚拟语气题，从句是对过去的假设，所以根据if虚拟条件句的规则，要用过去完成时，而主句部分讲的是目前的情况所以要用would + do。
9.—I’m feeling terribly drunk now.
—Well, I’d rather you _______ like a fish in the party.
A. didn’t drink
B. hadn’t drunk
C. weren’t drinking
D. not drink
10. The man insisted that he______ nothing wrong and _______ free.
A. did; set
B. had done; should be set
C. do; be set
D. had done; must be set
答案：B
解析：insist只有表示在建议的时候才用虚拟语气，如果是陈述事实的话就不用虚拟语气。所以他说he had done nothing是事实，不是要求。后面的句子才是要求，所以后面用“should do”式虚拟语气结构。
11. If only I ______ an umbrella! I was wet through.
A. took
B. should take
C. had taken
D. take
答案：C
解析：if only引导were式主观愿望虚拟语气句，“如果……就好了”根据规则，对过去虚拟用过去完成时。
【试题放送】
22．We have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.
A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t
【答案】B
【考点】考察情态动词的用法
【解析】may not不可以，needn’t不需要，can't不可能，mustn't绝不可能
本句句意为：既然Suzie不和我们一起吃晚饭，所以我们就不需要买这么多食物。
29. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
A. have had
B. had had
C. have
D. had
【答案】D
【考点】此题考查条件状语从句中的虚拟语气。
【解析】从句中用一般过去时表现在的假设。动词的时态条件状语从句中的虚拟语气一般过去式表对现在的假设
25.-____you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone?
-Sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.
A. Can
B. Should
C. Must
D. Would
【考点】情态动词用法
【答案】C
【解析】句意：“——你现在一定要打断我吗？难道你不能看到我在打电话吗？——对不起，先生，事情很急。”根据语境结合选项的词义，C选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为C选项。
24. One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school.
A. might
B. could
C. shall
D. will
【考点】情态动词
【答案】C
【解析】Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。这儿是说根据学校规定学生在校时都必须要穿校服。
19. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao” just as I ____ do in China.
A. must
B. might
C. can
D. should
【答案】B
【考点】本题考查情态动词。
【解析】句意为：我靠他们足够的近以听见他们说汉语，而且我会像我在中国可能做的那样说“你好”。might表示“可能”。故选B。
17. If may car _________more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.
A. was
B. had been
C. should be
D. would be
【答案】B
【考点】考查虚拟语气。
【解析】根据主语的谓语动词可知题干是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用had done，选B。
23.I______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.
A. won’t
B. can’t
C. can
D. will
【答】B
【考点】考查情态动词。
【解析】所填情态动词与too 构成固定句型can’t/couldn’t …too…，意思是：再……都不为过，选B。
33. We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?
A. should face
B. might face
C. could have faced
D. must have faced
【答案】C。
【考点】虚拟语气考点，对过去的虚拟，本能……。
【解析】虚拟语气考点，对过去的虚拟，本能……。
35. Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel.
A. is
B. were
C. has been
D. had been
【答案】B。
【考点】虚拟语气考点，
【解析】对现在的虚拟用were。
17. I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _______ find the money.
A. can
B. might
C. would
D. need
【答案】A
【解析】此处考查了can的本意“能”，表示“能力”。句意：我要和John一起去欧洲度假，如果我能找到钱。
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
15. We wouldn’t have called a taxi yesterday if Harold __________us a ride home.【D】
A. didn’t offer
B. wouldn’t o ffer
C. hasn’t offered
D. hadn’t offered
8. It’s quite warm here; we __________turn the heating on yet.【C】
A.c ouldn’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D.
wouldn’t
30. I use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes
by my house.
A. couldn't
B. mustn't
C. shouldn't
D. needn't
【答案】D
【解析】此处考查情态动词，needn’t+动词原形表示：没有必要做某事。句意：我没有必要用闹钟唤醒我，因为每天早上6点火车都经过我的房子。
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
30. If we _______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have bee n so successful.
A. haven’t made
B. wouldn’t make
C. didn’t make
D. hadn’t made
【答案】D
【解析】在虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done的形式。句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议就不会这样成功。
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
If you smoke, please go outside.
A. can
B. should
C. must
D. may
【答案】C
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。
——I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?
——Don’t worry. He come. He said he wasn’t certain wha t his plans were.
A. must not
B. need not
C. would not
D. might not
【答案】D
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他？——别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的he wasn’t certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might not。选D。
——Where are the children? The dinner’s going t o be completely ruined.
——I wish they always late.
A. weren’t
B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be
D. wouldn’t have been
【答案】A
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】句意为“——孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。——我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied
B. would study
C. had studied
D. was studying
【答案】C
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科，现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间，if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟，因此使用过去完成时。选C。
I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.
A. had come
B. was coming
C. would come
D. would have come
【答案】D
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didn’t know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done 表达，故选D。
Some young people these days just ______ go out of their homes to contact the real world.
A. mustn’t
B. won’t
C. mightn’t
D. shouldn’t
【答案】B
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustn’t禁止，不允许；won’t不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主观性；mightn’t可能不；shouldn’t不应该。根据句意选B。
——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.
A. will have stolen
B. might have stolen
C. should have stolen
D. must have stolen 【答案】B
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁路部门。——失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成，must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与题意不符。should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气比较婉转或不肯定，根据句意选B。
——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
——I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .
A.will
B.must
C.may
D.can
【答案】B
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗？——恐怕你得这样做，以防他开会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句，选B。
——Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.
——I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.
A.attended
B.had attended
C.would sttend
D.would have attended
【答案】D
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】句意为“——真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。——我本可以去听的，但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。
——What do you think of store shopping in the future?
——Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____.
A. will never replace
B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced
D. would never be replaced
【答案】C
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——你对将来的商店购物怎么看？——我个人认为会与在家购物并存，但商店购物不会被取代。”根据I think it will exist along with home shopping，排除虚拟的选项D，这是表示将来的时间，考虑到被动语态，选C。
——How’s your new babysitter?
——We ________ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A. should
B. might
C. mustn‘t
D. couldn’t
【答案】D
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——你的新保姆怎么样？——找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should应该；might可能，可以；mustn‘t禁止；couldn’t不可能。根据句意选D。
The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing a ll they .
A.can
B.may
C.must
D.should
【答案】A
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”can 可以，能够；may可能，许可；must必须；should应该。根据句意，选A。
——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?
—— I wanted to ,but my mom simply _________ not let me out so late at night.
A. could
B. might
C. would
D. should
【答案】C
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会？——我想来的，但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能，表示不确定；would愿意，偏要，表示意志；should应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。
I__________through that bitter period without your generous help.
A. couldn’t have gone
B. didn’t go
C. wouldn’t go
D. hadn’t gone
【答案】A
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】句意为“没有你的慷慨帮助，我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。”that bitter period 表示过去的时间，对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选A。
——Will you read me a story ,Mummy?
——OK. You________have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might
B. must
C. could
D. shall
【答案】D
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——妈妈，可以读一个故事给我听吗？——好的，如果你马上上床睡觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，题中是母亲对儿子的承诺，故选D。
No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
A. can
B. need
C. must
D. might
【答案】A
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can可以，能够；need需要；must必须；might可能。故根据题意，选A。
If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. will
【答案】C
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“如果你非得走话，至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”
can可以，能够；may 可能，许可；must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要；will将要，愿意。根据后句的劝告，选C。
It _______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.
A. mustn’t
B.can’t
C.won’t
D.needn’t
【答案】B
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。”mustn’t 禁止，不允许；can’t 不可能；won’t 不愿意，就是不，偏不；needn’t 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”，only 一词肯定语气强烈，前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B。
We _____John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
A.will put
B. will have put
C. would put
D. would have put
【答案】B
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】句意为“要不是因为他最近受伤，我们本应该把John的名字加进昨天的比赛名单中。”but for 是虚拟语气的提示，yesterday表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选B。
高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解 虚拟语气 什么是虚拟语气？是的，我们要学习虚拟语气就必须先弄明白它的概念。 虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。 另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如和suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。 大家知道以上两类虚拟语气后，我们就从从句的角度来系统学习虚拟语气。紧跟小简老师的步伐哦！ 一. 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were) 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do
If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） 3、表示与将来事实相反的情况
虚拟语气的用法总结 语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一．虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句 If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句的句首。例如： Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三．含蓄条件句
高中英语虚拟语气知识 点及练习 内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）
虚拟语气：虚拟证据表示说的话不是事实，或者不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或者与事实相反的假设等，一般常用于正式的书面语中。 一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法： 1、a. If I were you, I would apply for the job. b. If I lived near my office, I would walk to the office. 与现在事实相反，If条件从句谓语：过去式（be用were） 主句谓语：should / would / could / might+动词原形 2、a. If you had been more careful, You could have passed the exam. b. If you had turned off the gas, the house wouldn’t have caught fire. 与过去事实相反，If条件从句谓语：had+动词过去分词 主句谓语：should / would / could / might + have done 3、a. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. b. if it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. c. If it rained tomorrow, we would not go camping. 与将来事实相反：If条件从句谓语：过去式 / should + v原形 / were + to do 主句谓语：should / would / could / might + do 二、混合虚拟条件句：不同时间的虚拟，各遵守各的规则，如： a. If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would be quite all right now. 从句叙述与过去事实相反（had + done），主句叙述与现在事实相反（would + v）
虚拟语气 第一节语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气（Indicative Mood），祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。 第二节虚拟语气的概念 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 第三节虚拟语气在条件句中 １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． ２．在条件句中，可省略 if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式． If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him.
第四节虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用 一、虚拟语气在主语从句中 A.在句型“It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ”中，表示某事 重要、奇怪、自然、必要等；that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形（should 可以省略）例如： It’s important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 这类的形容词还有advisable（可取的），appropriate（适当的），compulsary（必须的），crucial （关键的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），important(重要的)，possible（可能的），preferable（更好的），probable（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（急迫的），vital（极为重要的）等。 B. 在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required/recommended/requested/required/. that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型，表示愿望，建议，请求等主观意愿等。 It is demanded that we should work out a plan. C. 在It is a pity/a shame/ no wonderproposal/recommendation/suggestion/surprise/advice that…..句型中从句也常用(should )+动词原型,表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。 It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 二、用于宾语从句 用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, suggest, order, command, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc. 注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。 The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. 他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意． He insisted that all of us be there on time by any means. 他坚持要求我们大家想尽办法按时去那里。 The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 那个人坚持说他没有偷钱． 三、用于表语从句和同位语从句 在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /desire/ recommendation/resolution 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形” should可以省略． My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible. 我的建议是你要尽可能经常地练习说英语。 The suggestion that the mayor should present the prizes was accepted by everyone. 每个人都接受由市长颁发奖金这一建议。 第五节虚拟语气在其他从句中 1. It is (high / about ) time that…从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形，should 不能省略．
高考英语虚拟语气的用 法总结 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高考英语虚拟语气的用法总结 语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 语气的种类： （1）陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的，确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句，疑问句和某些感叹句。如 We are ready. What a fine day it is! （2）祈使语气表示说话人的建议，请求，邀请，命令等。如 Open the door, Please. 应注意以下几点： 1.主语通常是第二人称you，但多不出现，动词用原形，否定用do not 或者don’t 加动词原形（或be） 如 Be careful next time. Don’t smoke here. 2.有时为了强调，主语也可以出现，而且可以是第三人称，谓语动词不加-s或者-es 如You be quiet. He stand up. 3.祈使语气可以用do加强语气如 Do come to see this Sunday. 4.在Let’s 的祈使句后，疑问部分通常用shall we；在Let us后，疑问部分用will you 如 Let’s go out for a walk after supper，shall we /Let us clean our classroom, will you 5. 6.祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句，而and之后则是表示结果。如Think hard and you will have a good idea. （3）虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如 If I were you, I should study English. 一．虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中， If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句的句首。例如：
高考英语虚拟语气的用法总结 语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 语气的种类： （1）陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的，确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句，疑问句和某些感叹句。如We are ready. What a fine day it is! （2）祈使语气表示说话人的建议，请求，邀请，命令等。如Open the door, Please. 应注意以下几点： 1.主语通常是第二人称you，但多不出现，动词用原形，否定用do not 或者don’t 加动词原形（或be） 如Be careful next time. Don’t smoke here. 2.有时为了强调，主语也可以出现，而且可以是第三人称，谓语动词不加-s或者-es 如You be quiet. He stand up. 3.祈使语气可以用do加强语气如Do come to see this Sunday. 4.在Let’s 的祈使句后，疑问部分通常用shall we；在Let us后，疑问部分用will you 如Let’s go out for a walk after supper，shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you? 5.祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句，而and之后则是表示结果。如Think hard and you will have a good idea. （3）虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一．虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟 例如：If he were here, everything would be all right. If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句的句首。例如：
虚拟语气的基本容 【开头引入】 If 如果(如果有两种可能,有可能发生的，不可能发生的。) ①有可能发生If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the park. ②不可能发生虚拟语气，例如，如果我是明，。。。 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望，假设，猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。所以，凡表示与事实不符的假设，想象，愿望时，需用虚拟语气表达。 一、If 引导的虚拟 （一）If 引导的虚拟语气,可用下表表示。 例如： ①与现在事实相反：If I had wings, I would fly over the sea. ②If she were rich, she would buy a bigger house. If there were no gravity, we would not be able to walk on the earth. ②与过去事实相反： If You had gone to the party, You would have seen YaoMing. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam. ③与将来事实相反： If he were to tomorrow, We would have the meeting. If he should come tomorrow, We could go to the park together. If there were a heavy snow next Monday, we would not go skating. （二）if虚拟语气条件句的省略倒装。 如果虚拟条件从句中有were, had, should,可把if 省略，把were, had, should 提到主语前面，成为倒装结构。 ①If I were you, I would accept the challenges. ----Were I you, I would accept the challenges ②If you had informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract. ----Had you informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract. ③If she should be my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad. ----Should she be my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad.
高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题及解析 一、选择题 1．I insisted he______ back the wallet to the lady, but he insisted he______it. A．handed; didn’t steal B．hand; hadn’t stolen C．hand; not steal D．handed; hadn’t stolen 2．Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms, without which our life _____ so colorful nowadays. A．won’t be B．hadn’t been C．wouldn’t be D．can’t be 3．This winter vacation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall, but I would rather we ________ to Shanghai Disneyland. A．go B．had gone C．would go D．went 4．The requirement of the government is that the citizens not set off fireworks from January 1, 2019 on. A．shall B．should C．can D．may 5．What do you think of the proposal that improvement ____ in the type of vacuum cleaner? A．be made B．will be made C．would be made D．has to be made 6．I wish I ________ an architect because then I ________ be able to design my own house. A．am, will be B．were, would C．will be, could D．was, could 7．How I wish I ______ my mouth before I shouted at my mum! A．shut B．have shut C．had shut D．would shut 8．That was not the first time he ____ us. I think it's high time we ____ strong actions against him. A．betrayed, take B．had betrayed, took C．has betrayed, took D．has betrayed, take 9．Studies show that historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments, the development of the company would already be way ahead. A．were it not for B．if there being no C．hadn't it been for D．if it is not for 10．The board thought it urgent that these files _____ right away. A．printed B．had been printed C．would been printed D．be printed 11．What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___________ it better. A．need have done B．must have done C．can have done D．might have done 12．If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World WarⅡ.
高考英语虚拟语气知识点易错题汇编(1) 一、选择题 1．Look at the trouble you are in！_______your parents’ advice. A．If only you would have followed B．If only you followed C．If only you would follow D．If only you had followed 2．-You came second in the running race. Congratulations! -Thanks. But practising more, I _______ a different result. A．might get B．may get C．may have got D．might have got 3．You can download it and rewrite your report using your own words you acknowledge where you got your information by attaching a list of websites you got your information from. A．should B．may C．would D．could 4．If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World WarⅡ. A．was not; would die B．were not; would have died C．had not been; would died D．had not been; would have died 5．Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms, without which our life _____ so colorful nowadays. A．won’t be B．hadn’t been C．wouldn’t be D．can’t be 6．The requirement of the government is that the citizens not set off fireworks from January 1, 2019 on. A．shall B．should C．can D．may 7．With the help of the detective Sam, Justin was found, so Justin's mother insisted an amount of money as a reward. A．to give B．on his giving C．he was given D．he be given 8．louder, all the students would hear. A．If the teacher had spoken B．If the teacher will speak C．Had the teacher spoken D．If the teacher spoke 9．It is time that we ________ a decision on how to approach this problem. A．make B．made C．to make D．will make 10．It’s high time that we against spreading false information on the Internet. A．will fight B．fought C．would fight D．fight 11．I can’t thank you more, Tony. But for your timely warning, I into great trouble yesterday. A．had got B．got C．would have got D．would get 12．_____, the student insisted that he _____ separated from his desk mate, who is very naughty. A．To avoid being affected; be B．To avoid to be affected; would be C．Avoid being affected; should be D．Avoiding to be affected; be 13．－Where are the children? The school bus is leaving.
虚拟语气用法 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告，建议或命令。如: Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心!(走路) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外，如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。
If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had 等缩略成Weren't，Shouldn't，Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time，I would come. 假若我有时间，我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中，如without…, but for…,otherwise（要不是因为）等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。
高中英语虚拟语气知识点 1）虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。 2）条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 16.1 真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况有可能发生。各种结构参见下表： 句型条件从句主句 一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形 祈使句 情态动词一般现在时 例如：If he comes, he will bring his violin. 如果他来，会带小提琴来的。 典型例题 The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 注意： 1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. （错）If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. （对）If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词不用shall （will）+动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 16.2 非真实条件句 1）虚拟语气可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况，时态的基本特点是时态往后推移。 a. 与现在事实相反的假设 条件从句主句 一般过去时（be用were）should（would）等+动词原形 例如：If they were here, they would help you. 如果他们在这儿，会帮助你的。 含义：They are not here, they can’t help you. b. 与过去事实相反的假设 条件从句主句 过去完成时should（would）等+ have+ 过去分词 例如：If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.如果他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。 含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it. c. 表示对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想
㈠课程说明 教学目标： 虚拟语气是高考的重点，且难度较大。本次课程通过对虚拟语气知识点的复习讲解，总结概括，让学生知道虚拟语气是用来表示人的主观的愿望和假想，达到学生对知识点的熟练运用，在脑海中形成具有条理性的知识框架的目的。 教材分析： 虚拟语气是高考英语重点和难点，掌握好虚拟语气的重要性对每个参加高考的学生不言而喻。这次课程是高三第一轮复习时对虚拟语气的再次讲解和梳理，全部的知识都经过了高度的总结合概括，均是高考考点。 学生特征分析： 辅导的学生是高三年级，刻苦努力，理解能力较强，有一定的基础。基本知识掌握一般，且很多重要的知识点已经遗忘。 教学重点难点： 1、真实条件句和非真实条件句的用法。 2、虚拟语气用在主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，定语从句中 的用法。 3、情态动词+ have + done的用法。 ㈡课前准备： 教学方法： 一对一辅导，面对面答疑，培养学生对英语的理解表达和思维的
能力，同时安排适当的练习，保证学生能够当堂消化所讲内容。 教学器材： 黑板，粉笔，草稿纸，教案，给学生的资料，如果有条件可以适当运用多媒体。 时间分配： 讲课40分钟，做练习题20分钟。 ㈢课程设计： 一、导入： If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. （这两个句子是什么形式？之前学过还有印象吗？通过提问问题激发学生的思考能力，再次对学生的知识掌握能力进行了解。） 二、讲解虚拟语气基本知识 Ⅰ什么是虚拟语气？ 虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义。虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。 Ⅱ虚拟语气在真实条件句非真实条件句中 真实条件句：表示现实或可能变为现实的条件。 非真实条件句：表示非现实的，或不可能，或不大可能变为现实的条件。 （老师举例说明真实条件句和非真实条件句。）
高考英语虚拟语气知识点知识点总复习附答案 一、选择题 1．--- Are you happy now? --- If only I _____ slimmer, more beautiful, richer, more clever. A．am B．were C．had been D．should be 2．If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World WarⅡ. A．was not; would die B．were not; would have died C．had not been; would died D．had not been; would have died 3．This winter vacation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall, but I would rather we ________ to Shanghai Disneyland. A．go B．had gone C．would go D．went 4．What do you think of the proposal that improvement ____ in the type of vacuum cleaner? A．be made B．will be made C．would be made D．has to be made 5．—Oh, dear. I’m really very busy now. —Would you rather that I to you about my experience at school? A．shouldn’t speak B．didn’t speak C．don’t speak D．won’t speak 6．—What a pity! You missed my birthday party. —Terribly sorry!___________my uncle not visited me unexpectedly. A．Should B．Would C．Had D．Did 7．The snowstorm sweeping across California delayed my flight, otherwise I _____ in Hawaii sunbathing on the beach now. A．would be B．could have been C．will be D．might have been 8．I strongly suggest that the information ____ in my report ____ to Mr Brown without delay. A．to be referred to; to be e-mailed B．referring to; e-mail C．referred to; be e-mailed D．being referred to; being e-mailed 9．—Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be complerely ruined. —I wish they always late. A．weren’t B．hadn’t been C．wouldn’t be D．wouldn’t have been 10．It is time that we ________ a decision on how to approach this problem. A．make B．made C．to make D．will make 11．I ______ to you at that time, but I didn’t know where you lived. A．had written B．wrote C．would write D．would have written 12．-You came second in the running race. Congratulations! -Thanks. But practising more, I _______ a different result. A．might get B．may get C．may have got D．might have got 13．I can’t thank you more, Tony. But for your timely warning, I into great trouble yesterday. A．had got B．got C．would have got D．would get