Unit4Friends and Friendship
A FAMOUS QUOTE
The best way to destroy an enemy is to make him a friend.
——Abraham Lincoln
摧毁敌人最好的办法就是把他变成朋友。
——亚伯拉罕·林肯
Abraham Lincoln（1809—1865）,16th President of the United States（1861—1865）and American civil war leader.He successfully led his country through its greatest constitutional,military and moral crisis—the American Civil War—preserving the Union while ending slavery,and promoting economic and financial modernization.He was immortalized by his Emancipation Proclamation,his Gettysburg Address, and two outstanding inaugural addresses.
亚伯拉罕·林肯，美国第16任总统（任期：1861年3月4日－1865年4月15日）美国南北战争的领导者。他成功地领导他的国家度过了宪法、军事和道德危机——南北战争——在结束奴隶制的同时维护了联邦的统一，促进了经济和金融现代化。他的《解放黑奴宣言》、《葛底斯堡演说》、还有两篇杰出的就职演说使他名垂千古。
Speaking Activity
Talking on the Phone
Sample Dialogue
Read the following conversation.Pay attention to how the speakers talk on the phone.
Operator:Hello.This is the emergency911operator.
Taxi Driver:Help!Please help me!
Operator:Yes,sir.Please calm down and explain exactly what's the matter.
Taxi Driver:Calm down!My car has broken down and I have a lady passenger and she's going into labor.
Operator:Now relax,sir.Explain exactly where you are.
Taxi Driver:I'm…I'm in the southbound lane of the Lincoln Expressway and the lady can't wait.
Operator:Okay.What's your name,sir,and your passenger's?
Taxi Driver:It's…It's Bob,and I have no idea about the woman.She's in no condition to tell me.
Operator:Okay.Now where are you?What's the nearest landmark you can see?
Taxi Driver:Umm,I can see golden arches…there's a McDonald's.
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Operator:Ok,I've just sent off an ambulance.It should be there any second.
Taxi Driver:Hey,is there anything I can do for the lady while we wait for the ambulance?
Operator:Yes,uh,keep her calm and warm.
Taxi Driver:Okay.Please hurry.…Oh,they're too late.…It's a boy!
Guided Practice
Directions:Give a phone call to the nearest restaurant and order a takeout.Supply your own information. You may use the following tips to help you.
Hello.This is…
Explain exactly where you are.
What's your name,sir/madam?
It's…
What's the nearest landmark you can see?
I can see…
Okay.Please hurry.
Text A
New Words
1、kindergarten n.a school or class to prepare children aged five or younger for school学前班；幼儿园
2、scrub v.to clean something by rubbing it hard,perhaps with a brush and usually with soap and water擦洗；刷洗
3、upset adj.unhappy or disappointed because of something unpleasant that has happened不高兴的；失望的
4、bicker v.to argue about things that are not important（为小事）斗嘴，争吵
5、lifelong https://www.doczj.com/doc/f17272172.html,sting or existing all through your life终身的；毕生的
6、sibling n.a brother or sister兄；弟；姐；妹
7、fulfillment n.（Am.E）the act of doing or achieving what was hoped for or expected实现
8、frequently adv.often频繁地；经常
9、subtle adj.not very noticeable or obvious不易察觉的；不明显的；微妙的
10、favoritism n.（AmE）the act of unfairly treating one person better than others because you like them better偏爱；偏袒
11、bitterness n.the quality or state of feeling angry and unhappy because you feel that you have been treated unfairly愤愤不平
12、constantly adv.all the time;repeatedly始终；一直，重复不断地
13、teenager n.a person who is between13and19years old（13至19岁之间的）青少年，青少年男女
14、bonding n.the process of forming a special relationship with somebody or with a group of people 人与人之间的关系（或联结）
15、maid of honor n.（especially in the US）a young woman who is not married and who is the main bridesmaid at wedding（尤用于美国英语，指未婚的）首席女傧相，伴娘
16、apartment n.a set of rooms for living in,usually on one floor of a building（通常指在同一楼层的）公寓套房
Phrases and Expressions
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1、on one's hands and knees on the floor,with your hands and your lower legs on the ground趴在地上
2、you name it used to say there are many things to choose from凡你想得起的；不管什么
3、long for to want something very much especially if it does not seem likely to happen soon渴望
4、get along to have a friendly relationship和睦相处，关系良好
Text A
Pre-reading questions
1.What are the most valuable gifts you have ever received?
3.What shared memories do you have with your best friends?
The Greatest Gift
When I was a child I was shocked at the idea that my sisters could be my best friends.Now,I wouldn't have it any other way.
I'm five years old,and my mother is on her hands and knees,washing the kitchen floor.I'm telling her about a new girl in school,and she suddenly looks up at me and says,"Who are your two best friends?"
I'm not sure what to say.I've been friends with Jill since I was three or so,and I really like Jaime, a friend in kindergarten.
"Jill and Jaime."
My mother stops scrubbing the floor and starts to take off her yellow rubber gloves."Well,what about Karen and Cindy?"
My sisters?"I don't know who their best friends are,"I say.
"No,"she says."I'm saying,why aren't they your best friends?"
She seems upset,as though I have hurt her feelings."But they're my sisters."
"Yes,but they can still be your best friends.Friends may come and go,but your sisters will always be there for you."
At the time,the idea of my two sisters being my closest friend seemed strange to me.We used to fight all the time over toys,food,attention,what to watch on television—you name it,we bickered about it at some point.①How could my sisters be my best friends?We weren't the same age.We all had our own friends in school.
But my mother never let the three of us forget it:sisters are lifelong friends.Her wish—like most parents'—was to give us something that she had never had.Growing up as an only child,she longed for siblings.When she gave birth to three daughters—separated by only four years—the fulfillment of her dream had only just begun.②She had given us each a gift—our sisters—and she wanted to make sure we did not take that gift for granted.She would frequently tell us how lucky we were.But there were other,more subtle ways that she encouraged us to grow closer.She never showed favoritism to one daughter over the other,so as not to cause jealousy or bitterness between us.She constantly took us places together—skating,shopping,swimming—so we developed common interests.And when we were teenagers,Mom always punished us equally,giving us yet another bonding experience.
We didn't always get along beautifully and fought just like any other siblings.But somewhere in between Mom's lectures,the family vacations and the shared memories,we realized that our mother was right.③Today I share things with my sisters that I share with no one else.My sister Cindy and I ran the New York City Marathon together,side by side,even holding hands when we crossed the finishing line.When my sister Karen got married,I was her maid of honor.Cindy and I traveled through Europe together and even shared an apartment for two years.The three of us trust each other with our greatest secrets.
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It was twenty-three years ago that my mother first asked me who my two best friends were.④Today she doesn't have to.She already knows.
Key Sentences
1.We used to fight all the time over toys,food,attention,what to watch on television—you name it,we bickered about it at some point.
我们从小一直为了玩具、食物、大人的关注、看什么电视节目而争吵，凡是可以争可以吵的，都吵过了。
2.When she gave birth to three daughters—separated by only four yours—the fulfillment of her dream had only just begun.
母亲在四年内相继生了我们三姐妹，她的梦想也开始逐渐成为现实。
3.But somewhere in between Mom's lectures,the family vacations and the shared memories,we realized that our mother was right.
但是通过母亲的教诲、家庭度假还有共享的回忆，我们意识到母亲是正确的。
4.It was twenty-three years ago that my mother first asked me who my two best friends were.
自从母亲第一次问我谁是我的两个最好的朋友，已经过去23年了。
Notes
1.In the first part of this story,present tense is used to tell stories about past events.This phenomenon is called the historical present.Linguists have sometimes suggested that this makes stories more vivid by bringing past actions into the immediate present.
2.The New York City Marathon is a major annual marathon（26.2mile）that courses through the five boroughs of New York City.It is one of the largest marathons in the world.The race is organized by New York Road Runners and has been run every year since1970.
3.The maid of honor is the chief unmarried woman attendant of a bride,usually a sister or close friend of the bride.
Exercises
ⅠChecking Your Comprehension
Directions:Choose the best answer to each question from the information given in the passage.
1."The greatest gift"in the title refers to______.
A）a present given to each sister when she was born
B）the talent each sister was born with
C）the maternal love each sister received
D）the intimate relationship between the three
sisters
[答疑编号506486040301]
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查学生对文章题目的理解。通读全文可知，文章的标题即本文的主旨，再结合文章第十一段第五句，the greatest gift即姐妹们之间的亲密关系。答案为D。
2.When I said my sisters weren't my best friends,my mother appeared to be______. A）embarrassed
B）unhappy
C）sympathetic
D）
proud
[答疑编号506486040302]
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【答案】B
【解析】文章第八段之前母女之间的谈话，表明作者的姐妹不是她的好朋友，第八段中母亲表明了她对此的态度是upset。Embarrassed尴尬的，sympathetic有同情心的，proud骄傲的，unhappy不高兴的。答案为B。
3.I did not regard my sisters as my best friends because______.
A）we constantly got into fights
B）we had totally different world views
C）we shared no hobbies and interests
D）we lived our lives in different
ways
[答疑编号506486040303]
【答案】A
【解析】文章第十段第三句提出问题——作者为什么不能与姐妹们成为好朋友，前两句则对此进行回答，即他们姐妹们之间总是fight all the time。答案为A。
4.My mother seldom______.
A）told us how fortunate we were
B）encouraged us to get closer
C）favored one of us over the others
D）took us to do sports
together
[答疑编号506486040304]
【答案】C
【解析】文章第十一段倒数第三句提到，she never showed favoritism to one daughter over the other,即她从不偏袒某个女儿。答案为C。
5.As sisters,we have______.
A）attended Mom's lectures together
B）got married on the same day
C）rented an apartment in New York
D）shared our greatest
secrets
[答疑编号506486040305]
【答案】D
【解析】作者在文章第十一段讲述了姐妹们之间亲密相处的情形，其中最后一句提到，The
three of us trust each other with our greatest secrets,我们三个人之间彼此信任，拥
有着属于我们之间的伟大秘密。答案为D。
ⅡBuilding Your Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:Complete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words given in
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the brackets.
1.Visiting Disneyland has______a boyhood dream.
（fulfilled，fulfillment）
[答疑编号506486040306]
【答案】fulfilled
访问迪斯尼乐园实现了童年时代的梦想。
【解析】fulfillment,n.实现；fulfill，v.实现、履行（诺言）。注意本句的时态是现在完成时。答案为fulfilled。
2.The buses run less______on Sunday.（frequent,
frequently）
[答疑编号506486040307]
【答案】frequently
星期天公交车运行来车较少。（班次频度较低）
【解析】缺少副词修饰run。frequent,adj.频繁的、时常的；frequently是它的副词形式。答案为frequently。
3.Physical health is not always easily______from mental health.（separate,
separable）
[答疑编号506486040308]
【答案】separable
身体健康与心理健康不可轻易分开。
【解析】separate,adj.意为分离的，分开的；separable,adj.意为可分离的，可分开的。结合句意“体格健康和心理健康是不可轻易分开的。”可知，separable符合。答案为separable。
4.She'd suffered terribly over the years but it hadn't made her______.（bitter,
bitterness）
[答疑编号506486040309]
【答案】bitter
这些年她吃了很多苦，但是没有叫苦连天。
【解析】make sb.+adj.句型，让某人……。bitter,adj.苦的、愤愤不平的；bitterness,n.愤愤不平。答案为bitter。
5.The fridge keeps food at a______temperature.（constant,
constantly）
[答疑编号506486040310]
【答案】constant
冰箱恒温保鲜食品。
【解析】名词temperature前缺少修饰它的形容词。constant，adj.一直的、始终的；constantly,adv.一直地。constant temperature指恒定的温度。答案为constant。
6.He had always been very______of his brother's good looks.（jealous,
jealousy）
[答疑编号506486040311]
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【答案】jealous
他过去总是妒忌他兄弟的相貌。
【解析】系表结构，缺少形容词。jealous，adj.忌妒的；jealous，n.妒忌、猜忌。had been jealous是过去完成时。译文：他过去总忌妒他哥哥的长相。答案为jealous。
Section B
Directions:Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form
where necessary.
③teenager kindergarten①upset sibling s ②scrub bed⑤favoritism④subtle lifelong
1.
She was very______to hear that the holiday had been cancelled. [答疑编号506486040312]
【答案】upset
假期被取消了她很失望。
【解析】译文：假期被取消的消息让她很失望。系表结构，缺少形容词。upset,adj.伤心的、失望的。答案为upset。
2.
He______the old saucepan clean,and it looked as good as new. [答疑编号506486040313]
【答案】scrubbed
他用力擦洗旧的平底锅，看起来好像新的一样。
【解析】译文：他把旧平底锅刷得干干净净，看上去像新的一样。缺少谓语动词，注意时态应保持一致，用一般过去时。scrub表示用力地刷洗、擦洗。答案为scrubbed。
3.As a______he attended
Tulse Hill Senior High School.
[答疑编号506486040314]
【答案】teenager
当他13-19岁时，在Tulse Hill高中学习。
【解析】译文：在他青少年时期，他进入Tulse Hill高中学习。根据句意，填入表示“人”的名词。teenager,n.青少年。答案为teenager。
4.It is a
______argument,but very convincing when you think about it.
[答疑编号506486040315]
【答案】subtle
这是一个没有明显结论的争辩，但是当你细想起来又觉得很可信。
【解析】译文：这是一个没有明显结论的争论，但是当你认真思考的时候，又会觉得它很可信。
subtle意为敏感的、不易察觉的、不明显的，可在此修饰中心词arguement。答案为subtle。
5.Their______towards their first son hurt the other children.
[答疑编号506486040316]
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【答案】favoritism
他们对大儿子的偏爱伤害了其他子女。
【解析】译文：他们对第一个儿子的偏爱伤害了其他的孩子。本空应填入名词作为中心词。favoritism意为偏爱、偏袒，符合题意。答案为favoritism。
6.I have four______:three brothers and a
sister.
[答疑编号506486040317]
【答案】siblings
我有四个兄弟姐妹：三个兄弟、一个姐妹。
【解析】译文：我有四个兄弟姐妹——三个哥哥、一个姐姐。本题缺少宾语，sibiling意为兄弟、姐妹，此处应使用复数形式。答案为sibilings。
Section C
Directions:Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word.
1.They were deeply shocked____her
behaviour.
[答疑编号506486040318]
【答案】at
他们对她的行为感到震惊。
【解析】译文：他们对她的行为感到很震惊。be shocked at对……感到震惊，是固定搭配。答案为at。
2.Charlie was taking____his shirt when the phone
rang.
[答疑编号506486040319]
【答案】off
电话铃响的时候，Charlie正在脱他的衬衫。
【解析】译文：当电话铃声响的时候，Charlie正在脱衬衫。take off是固定搭配，意为“脱掉”。答案为off。
3.The birds in the garden are fighting____a piece of
bread.
[答疑编号506486040320]
【答案】over
公园里的小鸟们正在争抢一片面包。
【解析】译文：公园里的小鸟正在争夺一片面包。fight over争夺、争吵，是固定搭配。fight for为……而战（竞争），一般用于比较正式的语境。例如为民族、国家而战等。本题的宾语
为a piece of bread（一少块面包），用over比较合适。答案为over。
4.The children are always bickering____something or
other.
[答疑编号506486040321]
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【答案】about
孩子们总是在为这样或者那样的事争吵。
【解析】译文：孩子们有事没事总是在争吵。bicker about 为……争吵，是固定搭配。答案
为about。
5.He was accused of ____favoritism to particular
students.
[答疑编号506486040322]
【答案】showing
他因偏爱特殊的学生被投诉了。
【解析】译文：他被投诉，说他偏爱某些特殊学生。show favoritism to somebody 偏爱、偏
宠某人，是固定搭配。答案为showing。
6.When you ____the finishing line,no matter how slow or fast you are,it will change your life
forever.
[答疑编号506486040323]
【答案】cross
当你跨过终点线时，无论你是多么快或多么慢，都将永远改变你的一生。
【解析】译文：当你越过终点线的时候，无论你是快还是慢，都将永远地改变你的人生。空格
中的词在句子中作谓语，因此应该填入动词形式，cross the finishing line 越过终点线，
符合题意。结合句意，此处应使用一般过去式。答案为cross。
ⅢBridging the Gap
Directions:Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage.You may choose a suitable one from the list given.
③fetch ①horror ⑦safety ⑩alive ⑨with
⑥reach ed ④hardly ⑤care ⑧seriously ②gunfire
In the First World War,an English soldier watched in ①as his lifelong friend fell under ②.After the attack had
failed and everyone had retreated,the soldier went to ask permission from the lieutenant （中尉）to go and ③his friend from the no-man's-land.
[答疑编号506486040324]
【答案】①horror ②gunfire ③fetch
【解析】①in horror 惊恐地，是介词短语，在句中修饰动词watch ，同时根据空格后面句
意，一生的好友死于炮火应该是恐惧的事情。答案为horror。
②fall under 遭到……，后面接不好的事或物，根据前面的关键词war 可知，gunfire （炮
火）符合题意。答案为gunfire。
③前文提到soldier 看到他的战友遭到炮轰倒下，因此撤退后他请示长官去寻找战友。
and
连接go 及空格两个并列的动词，因此空格中应该填入一个动词的原形。答案为fetch。
The lieutenant gave permission,but added,"It's ④worth it.Your friend is probably dead and you may die too."
[答疑编号506486040325]
【答案】④hardly
【解析】④根据空格后面中尉的话，即soldier的朋友可能已经栖牲，而且soldier也可能会
牺牲，由此可知中尉的意思是不值得为了死人冒险，hardly几乎不，符合题意。答案为hardly。
The soldier did not⑤about the danger and miraculously（奇迹般地）he⑥his friend,lifted him on
his shoulders and stumbled back.He was wounded in the
process.
[答疑编号506486040326]
【答案】⑤care⑥reached
【解析】⑤由空格后面可知，soldier不顾危险找到了战友，not care about不在意、不关心，是固定搭配。答案为care。
⑥通过空格后面的关健词lift以及stumble back可知，soldier找到了战友，即到达了战友的身边，reach到达，符合题意。答案为reached。
The lieutenant helped him to⑦and noticed the soldier's friend was
dead.
[答疑编号506486040327]
【答案】⑦safety
【解析】⑦根据前面中尉的help以及后面的notice可知，中尉帮助soldier到达安全的地方
后，然后注意到soldier的战友已经死了。safety此处意为安全的地方。答案为safety。
"I'm sorry for your friend—but I told you it wasn't worth it.Your friend is dead and now you are also⑧wounded."
"I have to disagree⑨you.It was worth it",the soldier answered.
"Whatever do you mean?"the lieutenant asked.
"It was worth it",the soldier repeated."When I got to my friend,he was still⑩and said'Jim,
I knew you would never leave
me.'"
[答疑编号506486040328]
【答案】⑧seriously⑨with⑩alive
【解析】⑧空格中的词修饰后面的动词wounded（受伤），因此应该填入一个形容伤势的程度
副词。seriously严重地，符合题意。答案为seriously。
⑨根据空格后面soldier的回答——it was worth it可知，soldier不同意中尉的观点，
且disagree with不同意某人，是固定搭配。答案为with。
⑩由空格后面的said可知，soldier的战友在他到达时是活着的，且空格中的词在句中
作表语成分。alive活着的，符合题意。答案为alive。
【译文】在第一次世界大战时，有一个英国士兵惊恐地看到他一生的好友倒在炮火中。在
攻击失利大家都撤退后，这个士兵请示他的长官（中尉）要去无人地带找回他的好友。
中尉允许他去，但加上一句：“你几乎不值得这样做，你的朋友大概已经死了而且你去了
可能也会死。”
这个士兵不顾危险奇迹般地找到了他的战友，并把他扛在自己肩上跌跌撞撞地返了回来。
在此过程中他受了伤。
中尉帮他到达安全地带，并且注意到这个士兵的战友已经死了。
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
“我对你朋友的死表示遗憾——但是我告诉过你这不值得。你的朋友死了，现在你也受
了重伤。”
“我不同意您的说法，这样做是值得的。”士兵回答道。
“你到底什么意思？”这个中尉问道。
“这样做是值得的，”士兵重复说道。“当我找到他的时候，他还活着并且对我说：‘Jim，
我知道你绝不会丢下我不管的。’”
ⅣTranslation
Section A
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words or phrases in the brackets.
1.I
noticed______（他的态度发生了微妙的变化）.（subtle）
[答疑编号506486040329]
【答案】the subtle change in his attitude
我注意到他的态度发生了微妙的变化。
【解析】“态度”可用attitude表示。微妙的变化即subtle change。答案为the subtle change in his attitude。
2.They pay
cut______（令员工十分愤懑）.（bitterness）
[答疑编号506486040330]
【答案】caused great bitterness among the staff
他们消减工资令员工十分愤懑。
【解析】空格前面为因，后面为果，因此应该用导致意思的短语，cause导致，pay cut工资消减。答案为caused great bitterness among the staff。
3.She was______（趴在地板上到处寻找耳环）.（on one's hands and
knees）
[答疑编号506486040331]
【答案】looking for her earrings on her hands and knees
她趴在地板上到处寻找耳环。
【解析】on one's hands and knees趴在地上，look for寻找，且根据前面的was可知，应该用过去进行时。答案为looking for her earnings on her hands and knees。
4.They__________（渴望有机会访问上海）.（long
for）
[答疑编号506486040332]
【答案】long for an opportunity to visit Shanghai
他们渴望有机会访问上海。
【解析】long for后接somebody/something或者long for somebody to do。答案为long for an opportunity to visit Shanghai。
5.Although at one point their voices were raised,they seemed to be_________（相处融洽）.（get
along）
[答疑编号506486040333]
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
【答案】getting along well with each other
他们虽然在一点上提高了嗓音，但是看起来他们相互之间相处得还算融洽。
【解析】get along with与……相处融洽，是固定搭配。根据空格前面的be可知，get应该
转化为现在进行时形式getting。答案为getting along well with each other。
Section B
Directions:Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
Friendships are an important part of a man's life.Friends are those you can count on when the chips are down.They'll back you up even when the whole world is against you.Friends are those who will buy you a beer or a soda when you lose a job or your girlfriend dumps you.While male friendship looks like a simple relationship,its history is actually quite interesting and complex.The virtues of duty and
loyalty have remained the same guiding principles in male friendships throughout
time.
[答疑编号506486040334]
【参考译文】友谊是一个人一生中最重要的一部分。朋友是你在紧要关头可以依靠的人。甚至
全世界都与你为敌时，朋友会在你背后支持你。朋友是当你失业了或者遭到女友抛弃时，能给
你买杯啤酒或苏打水的人。尽管男性朋友之间的友谊看起来好像是简单的关系，实际上它的历
史却相当有趣和复杂。忠诚和负责的高尚美德在整个交往时期，仍然是男性友谊的经久不变的
指导准则。
ⅤOrganizing Your Ideas
Directions：Put the following sentences in the proper order so that they make a complete paragraph.
1.We need to be able to share our deepest secrets with someone,without worrying that those secrets will end up on the Internet the next day!
2.Faithfulness and loyalty are keys to true friendship.
3.Without them,we often feel betrayed,left out,and lonely.
4.We all need someone with whom we can share our lives,thoughts,feelings,and frustrations.
5.Trust is essential to true friendship.
6.In true friendship,there is no backbiting,no negative thoughts,no turning away.
7.Failing to be trustworthy with those intimate secrets can destroy a friendship in a
hurry.
[答疑编号506486040335]
【答案】排列句子顺序：5—4—1—7—2—3—6
【解析】首先通读本篇小短文，掌握短文答疑即信任对真正友谊的重要性。然后根据关键词
trust,faithfulness等可叙述顺序可以确定顺序。
Ⅵ.Reflecting on the Text
As the saying goes,"Two's company,three's a crowd."When we make new friends,our best friend may feel unhappy.Will you stick with your old friend and give up making new friends or will you desert your
old stubborn friend and find other generous friends?Make your choice and state your
reasons.
[答疑编号506486040336]
【参考译文】俗话说：“两人成伴，三人不欢。”当我们结交新朋友时，老朋友会觉得不高兴。
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
你是力求保住老朋友放弃结交新朋友，还是抛弃顽固的老朋友并找到其他慷慨大方的朋友？做
出选择并说明原因。
【写作思路】题目中给出了两种写作方向，学生可以从中择一或者综合二者的观点，下面列出简要的写作提纲。
1.列出自己的观点：要保持与旧朋友的关系，同时结交新的朋友。
2.当问题出现时，自己如何处理。
（1）不能因为有了新朋友就不再顾忌旧朋友（never forget your old friends,keep in touch with them）。
（2）要与新朋友友好相处，增进友谊（get along well with new friends,strengthen your friendship）。
（3）可以让新旧朋友也彼此相识成为朋友（let old and new friends become friends）。
3.扩大自己的朋友圈子，丰富生活，相互帮助。
Text B
New Words
1、claim v.to say that something is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it宣称；声称；断言
2、interrupt v.to say or do something that makes somebody stop what they are saying or doing插嘴；打扰；打岔
3、serenity n.a feeling of being calm or peaceful平静；宁静；安详
4、chuckle n.to laugh quietly低声轻笑；轻声地笑
5、gaiety n.the state of being cheerful and full of fun快乐；愉快；高兴
6、scarce adj.if something is scarce,there is not enough of it and it is only available in small quantities缺乏的；不足的；稀少的
7、precious adj.valuable or important and not to be wasted宝贵的；珍贵的
8、vitamin n.a natural substance found in food that is an essential part of what humans and animals eat to help them grow and stay healthy维生素
9、pumpkin n.a large round vegetable with thick orange skin南瓜
10、mango n.a tropical fruit with smooth yellow or red skin,soft orange flesh and a large seed inside 芒果
11、papaya n.tropical fruit with yellow and green skin,sweet orange or red flesh and round black seeds番木瓜；（俗称）木瓜
12、striking adj.interesting and unusual enough to attract attention引人注目的；异乎寻常的；显著的
13、stand https://www.doczj.com/doc/f17272172.html,ed especially in negative sentences and questions to emphasize that you do not like somebody/something（尤用于否定句和疑问句，强调不喜欢）容忍，忍受
14、cause n.an organization or idea that people support or fight for（支持或为之奋斗的）事业，目标，思想
15、passion n.a very strong feeling of love,hatred,anger,enthusiasm,etc.强烈的情感；激情
16、poinsettia n.a tropical plant with large red or pink leaves that grow to look like flowers,often grown indoors in pots一品红；猩猩木
17、poppy n.a wild or garden plant,with a large delicate flower that is usually red,and small black seeds罂粟
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
18、chief n.a leader or ruler of a people or community首领；酋长；族长
19、bishop n.a senior priest in charge of the work of the Church in a city or district主教
20、authority n.the power to influence people because they respect your knowledge or official position 权威；威信；影响力
21、indigo n.very dark blue in colour靛蓝；靛青
22、determination n.the quality that makes you continue trying to do something even when this is difficult决心；果断；坚定
23、superficial adj.not concerned with anything serious or important and lacking any depth of understanding or feeling浅薄的；肤浅的
24、represent v.to be a symbol of something作为……的象征；象征；代表
25、reflection n.careful thought about something,sometimes over a long period of time沉思；深思；审慎的思考
26、twilight n.the faint light or the period of time at the end of the day after the sun has gone down暮色；薄暮；黄昏
27、boast v.to talk with too much pride about something that you have or can do自夸；自吹自擂
28、convinced adj.（~of sth./that…）completely sure about something坚信；深信；确信
29、superiority n.the state or quality of being better,more skilful,more powerful,greater,etc. than others优越（性）；优势
30、startling adj.extremely unusual and surprising惊人的；让人震惊的
31、flash n.a sudden bright light that shines for a moment and then disappears闪光
32、roll v.to make a long continuous sound发出持续的声音
33、boom v.to make a loud deep sound轰鸣；轰响
34、relentlessly adv.in a way that is not stopping or getting less strong不停地；持续强烈地；不减弱地
35、crouch v.to put your body close to the ground by bending your legs under you蹲；蹲下；蹲伏
36、comfort n.a feeling of not suffering or worrying so much;a feeling of being less unhappy安慰；慰藉；宽慰
37、clamor n.（AmE）a loud noise especially one that is made by a lot of people or animals喧闹声；嘈杂声；吵闹
38、dominate v.to control or have a lot of influence over somebody/something,especially in an unpleasant way支配；控制；左右；影响
39、unique adj.being the only one of its kind唯一的；独一无二的
40、stretch v.to put your arms or legs out straight and contract your muscles伸展；舒展
41、reminder n.something that makes you think about or remember somebody/something,that you have forgotten or would like to forget引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物
42、appreciate v.to recognize the good qualities of somebody/something欣赏；赏识；重视
Phrases and Expressions
1、blow your own trumpet to praise your own abilities and achievements自吹自擂
2、be willing to to be ready to do something or have no reason for not doing something愿意；乐意
3、in the midst of while something is happening or being done;while you are doing something当某事发生时；在某人做某事时
Text B
Pre-reading Questions
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
1.Have you ever quarreled with a friend?How did you end up?
2.What excellent qualities do you take pride in?
The Colors of Friendship
Once upon a time the colors of the world started to quarrel.Each claimed that it was the best,the most important,the most useful,and the most beautiful.
Green said:"Clearly I am the most important.I am the sign of life and of hope.I was chosen for grass, trees and leaves.Without me,all animals would die.Look over the countryside and you will see that I'm in the majority."
Blue interrupted:"You only think about the earth,but consider the sky and the sea.It's water that is the basis of life and drawn up by the clouds from the deep sea.①The sky gives space and peace and serenity.Without me,you would all be nothing."
Yellow chuckled:"You are all so serious.I bring laughter,gaiety and warmth into the world.The sun is yellow,the moon is yellow,and the stars are yellow.Every time you look at a sunflower,the whole world starts to smile.Without me,there would be no fun."
Next,orange started to blow her trumpet:"I am the color of health and strength.I may be scarce, but I am precious because I serve the needs of human life.I carry the most important vitamins.Think of carrots,pumpkins,oranges,mangoes and papayas.I don't hang around all the time but,when I fill the sky at sunrise or sunset,my beauty is so striking that no one gives another thought to any of you."②Red could stand it no longer,so he shouted out:"I am the ruler of all of you.I am blood—life's blood!I am the color of danger and of bravery I am willing to fight for a noble cause.I bring fire into the blood.Without me,the earth,would be as empty as the moon.I am the color of passion and of love, the red rose,the poinsettia and the poppy."
Purple drew himself up to his full height.He was very tall and spoke with great pride:"I am the color of royalty and power.Kings,chiefs and bishops have always chosen me for I am the sign of authority and wisdom.People do not question me!They listen and obey."
Finally Indigo spoke,much more quietly than all the others,but with just as much determination: "Think of me.I am the color of silence.You hardly notice me,but without me you would all become superficial.I represent thought and reflection,twilight,and deep water.You need me for balance and contrast,for prayer and inner peace."
And so the colors went on boasting,each convinced of his or her own superiority.③Their quarreling became louder and louder.Suddenly there was a startling flash of bright lightning and thunder rolled and boomed.Rain started to pour down relentlessly.The colors crouched down in fear,drawing close to one another for comfort.④
In the midst of the clamor,rain began to speak:"You foolish colors,fighting amongst yourselves, each trying to dominate the others.Don't you know that you were each made for a special purpose,unique and different?Join hands with one another and come to me."
Doing as they were told,the colors united and joined hands.
The rain continued:"From now on,when it rains,each of you will stretch across the sky in a great bow of color as a reminder that you can all live in peace.The rainbow is a sign of hope for tomorrow."
And so,whenever the sun shines after a heavy shower of rain washes the world,and a rainbow appears in the sky,let us remember to appreciate one another.
Key Sentences
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
1.It's water that is the basis of life and drawn up by the clouds from the deep sea.
水是生命之源，云彩把水分从深邃的大海带到了天空。
2.I don't hang around all the time but,when I fill the sky at sunrise or sunset,my beauty is so striking that no one gives another thought to any of you.
我并不经常出没在天空，但日出或日落我在天际登场时，我的美丽足以惊世，没有人还会想起你们。
3.And so the colors went on boasting,each convinced of his or her own superiority.这些色彩继续吹嘘，每个都认为自己才是最优秀的。
4.The colors crouched down in fear,drawing close to one another for comfort.所有色彩被吓得蜷缩成一团，挤在一起互相慰藉。
Notes
1.Vitamins are compounds that are essential in small amounts for proper body function and
growth.Vitamins are either fat-soluble （A,D,E and K）or water-soluble （B and C）.
2.Poinsettia is native to Mexico and Central America and grows in moist,wet,wooded gorges and on rocky hillsides.Poinsettias are very popular in Britain and the United States,especially at Christmas.
Exercises
Ⅰ.Checking Your Comprehension
Section A
Directions:Read the following statements and mark Y （for Yes）if the statement agrees with the information given in the text;N （for No）if the statement contradicts the information given in the text;NG （for Not Given）if the information is not given in the text.
（）1.The colors competed for superiority over each other.
颜色们为了角逐优势性而互相竞争。
[答疑编号506486040601]
【答案】Y
【解析】文章第一段提到，colors 之间的quarrel 是争论谁是the most
best/important/useful/beautiful 等，即superiority over each other。本题说法正确。
答案为Y。
（）2.Blue considered itself the color of sea and clouds.
蓝色认为自己是大海和云彩的颜色。
[答疑编号506486040602]
【答案】N
【解析】文章第三段提到，blue considered itself the color of sea and sky,not clouds。
本题说法错误。答案为N。
（）3.Orange can be found in carrot,pumpkins,mangoes and sunflowers.
橙色可以出现在胡萝卜、南瓜、芒果和向日葵中。
[答疑编号506486040603]
【答案】N
【解析】文章第四段提到，sunflowers 不属于orange，向日葵是yellow 黄色的，不是orange。
本题说法错误。答案为N。
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
（）4.Kings,chiefs and bishops often wear purple clothes because people are afraid of that color.
国王、首领、主教们经常穿紫色衣服，因为人们惧怕那种颜色。
[答疑编号506486040604]
【答案】N
【解析】文章第七段第三句提到，不是因为害怕紫色，而是因为紫色是权威和智慧的象征。本
题说法错误。答案为N。
（）5.It was rain that stopped the quarreling of the colors and united them as one.
正是雨制止了颜色们的争吵，让它们团结如一。
[答疑编号506486040605]
【答案】Y
【解析】文章倒数第四段中讲述T rain 制止了colors 的争吵，并告诉他们要join hands，
即团结起来。因此本题说法正确。答案为Y。
（）6.After that rain,all the colors mixed and became the color white.
大雨过后，所有的颜色混合到一起变成了白色。
[答疑编号506486040606]
【答案】NG
【解析】文章中说雨后各种颜色join hands 形成彩虹，未提及各种颜色混在一起变成白色。
答案为NG。
Section B
Directions:Complete the following sentences with the information given in the text.
1.Green is found over the countryside in the
_________.
[答疑编号506486040607]
【答案】majority
【解析】文章第二段最后一句，Look over the countryside and you will see that I am in
the majority，即绿色主要在分布在田野间。答案为majority。
2.Yellow brings laughter,______and warmth into the
world.
[答疑编号506486040608]
【答案】gaiety
【解析】文章第四段提到，yellow brings laughter,gaiety and warmth into the world，
即黄色给这个世界带来了笑声、欢乐和温暖。答案为gaiety。
3.It is extremely wonderful when the sky is filled with orange at
________.
[答疑编号506486040609]
【答案】sunrise or sunset
【解析】文章第五段最后一句，when I fill the sky at sunrise or sunset,my beauty is so striking，即橙色自述当日出或日落时，它的美丽足以惊世。答案为sunrise or sunset。
4.Red represents danger,bravery,______and
love.
[答疑编号506486040610]
【答案】passion
【解析】文章第六段第三句提到，red is the color of danger and of bravery，倒数第一句提到，red is the color of passion。答案为passion。
5.Purple signifies royalty,power,________and
wisdom.
[答疑编号506486040611]
【答案】authority
【解析】我们可以从文章第七段得出答案，即the color of royalty and power,the sign of authority，即象征着王权和力量，权威和智慧。答案为authority。
6.The rainbow serves as a symbol to remind them
to________.
[答疑编号506486040612]
【答案】live in peace
【解析】文章倒数第二段提到，as a reminder that can all live in peace，即rainbow
是提醒各种颜色能够和平相处。答案为live in peace。
ⅡBuilding Your Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:Complete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words given in the brackets.
1.Let's go somewhere where we can talk without_________.（interrupt;
interruption）
[答疑编号506486040613]
【答案】interruption
让我们到一个可以谈话不被人打断的地方去吧。
【解析】译文：让我们去个可以连续说话，不被打断的地方。without后可以接动名词或者名词，without接动名词表示主动形式与主语不统一，因此空格处应该填入名词interruption 中断。答案为interruption。
2.She looked as calm and_________as she always did.（serene,
serenity）
[答疑编号506486040614]
【答案】serene
她看起来像以往一样平静和安详。
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
【解析】译文：她看上去和以往一样平静安详。and连接两个并列成分。形容词calm提示我们应填入一个形容词。serene,adj.宁静的；serehity,n.宁静、安详。答案为serene。
3.The Italians are said to be the most_________people in Europe.（passion,
passionate）
[答疑编号506486040615]
【答案】passionate
据说意大利人是欧洲最富有激情的人。
【解析】译文：意大利人据说是欧洲最充满激情的民族。形容词的最高级the most修饰空格中的词，因此空格中应该填入形容词passionate激情的。答案为passionate。
4.Your health is_________in part by what you eat.（determined,
determination）
[答疑编号506486040616]
【答案】determined
你的健康部分取决于你吃的食物。
【解析】译文：你的健康部分取决于你吃了什么。本题考查被动语态的结构。如果句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者，主、谓之间的关系称为被动语态，谓语部分的结构是be+过去分词。答案为determined。
5.The manager demanded time to_________on what to do.（reflect,
reflection）
[答疑编号506486040617]
【答案】reflect
经理要求给时间思考一下该怎么去做。
【解析】译文：经理要求给他一些时间好好想一想（怎么办）。本题考查demand后接动词不定式的用法。demand后接动词不定式时，主语通常是人而不是物，因此空格中应该填入动词原形reflect。答案为reflect。
6.For all babies,breastfeeding is far_________to bottle-feeding.（superior,
superiority）
[答疑编号506486040618]
【答案】superior
对于所有婴儿，母乳喂养比人工喂养好得多。
【解析】译文：对所有的婴儿来说，母乳喂养远胜于牛奶喂养。be superior to意为优越于，
是固定搭配。答案为superior。
注：
来自拉丁语的一些形容词，本身就是比较级，在句中要改than为to。这些词是：
anterior（前面的）,posterior（以后的、其次的）,prior（居先的）
inferior（下等的,低级的）,superior（上等的,优良的）
junior（年少的）,senior（年长的）
例如：
He is senior to me.
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
（He is older than me.）
他比我年长。
Sections B
Directions:Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.⑤reflection ④claim ed ③striking
dominate superficial ⑥cause ②precious
①scarce 1.Fresh water and medicine were _________in the flooded region.
[答疑编号506486040619]【答案】scarce
在发洪水地区，饮用水和药品短缺。
【解析】译文：洪水泛滥的地区，饮用水和药品短缺。
根据后面的flooded 可知，fresh water
和medicine 是短缺的，且空格中词在句子中作表语，因此空格中应该填入一个表示缺乏意思
的形容词。答案为scarce。
2.Her family's support is particularly _________to Josie.
[答疑编号506486040620]
【答案】precious
她的家庭支持对Josie 特别珍贵。
【解析】译文：家庭的支持对
Josie 来说非常珍贵。be precious to 意为对……很珍贵，是
固定搭配。答案为precious。
3.This is a _________example of how misleading statistics can be.
[答疑编号506486040621]
【答案】striking
这是一个引人注目的例子：统计资料可以如何误导我们。
【解析】译文：这是一个统计可以如何误导的引人注目的例子。
空格中的词修饰名词example，
与前面的a 构成名词短语在句中作表语，因此应该填入形容词形式。结合句意，空格处应选
striking 。答案为striking。
4.All parties have _________dominate success in yesterday's elections.
[答疑编号506486040622]
【答案】claimed
在昨天选举中，所以政党都宣称自己成功了。
【解析】译文：在昨天的选举中，所有的政党都宣称自己获胜。本句谓语部分不全，现在完成
时have 后缺少动词。claim ,v.宣称、断言。答案为claimed。
5.After days of _________，she decided to write back.
[答疑编号506486040623]
【答案】reflection
1。 Are you interested in English 你对英语感兴趣吗 Why do you think English has become the international language of the modern world 为什么你认为英语已经成为现代世界的国际语言 2. 2。 What reasons do you expect the author to give for learning a foreign language 你期望作者学习一门外语的原因是什么 Five Good Reasons to Learn a Foreign Language 学习外语的五个好理由。 Still don't understand learning a foreign language is a good idea 还是不明白学习外语是个好主意 Read the following and you will get the idea! 阅读下面的内容，你就会明白了! 1. 1。 Improve your native language 提高你的母语 I know this might not make sense at first but hear me out. 我知道这可能不太有道理，但听我说完。 ⑴ As a person who speaks only one language, you have no basis for comparison; ⑴作为一个人,只会说一种语言,你没有比较的基础; all you know is your native language. 你只知道你的母语。 In different languages the same idea is often expressed in different ways. 在不同的语言中，同样的思想往往以不同的方式表达。 Knowing another language gives you a great measuring stick. 了解另一种语言会给你一个很大的衡量标准。 It will help you better understand tenses, prepositions and all the other parts of speech we normally take for granted. 它将帮助你更好地理解时态、介词以及我们通常认为理所当然的其他部分。
2014年4月自考英语二00015试题及答案 第一部分：阅读判断（10*1分） Running: sport or way of life? You go through the channels several times and find that once again there’s nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortabl e clothes and go for a run. One of the best things about the sport of running is that you d on’t need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment. But d on’t be fool ed into thinking the sport of running is easy. It requires discipline and concentration. Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart, lungs, and muscl es. It makes you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you d on’t get sick as easily. It can even help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more cl early. How d o you get engaged in the sport if you d on’t know much about it? Most schools offer running programs. A simpl e Internet search can help you find some in your area. The programs show you how running can offer competition or just be for fun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies. Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be. If you go to a race, you’ll see peopl e cheering for all the runners. Running isn’t always about how fast you are running or how far you’re going. It’s about getting out there and d oing it. Participation is more important than competition, and effort is recognized over talent. It you’re looking for more than just a sport, running may be the perfect choice for you. 1.You may find it interesting to go for a run. A.True B. False C. Not Given 2.The sport of running is easy. A.True B. False C. Not Given 3.It’s hard to find a safe environment for running.
自考“英语二”大纲单词表1 organizational [`3：g4nai'zei54nl] a.组织（上）的goal [g4ul] n.1.目的，目标；2.得分进球，球门 objective [3b'd9ektiv] n.目标，目的；a.1.客观的，真实的；2.如实的，无偏见的 accomplish [4'k8mpli5] vt.完成（任务等） predict [pri'dikt] vt./vi.预言；预示 accompany [4'k8mp4ni] vt.1.伴随，陪同；2.为……伴奏 implement ['implim4nt] vt.实现；完成（任务等）；履行（协定、诺言等） constraint [k4n'streint] n.1.强制；2.强制因素，制约条件 precedent ['presid4nt] n.先例，前例 simplify ['simplifai] vt.简化 tendency ['tend4nsi] n.趋势，倾向 managerial [`m1n4'd9i4ri4l] a.1.经理的，管理人的；2.管理上的，经营上的 maker ['meik4] n.制造者；制造商 achievement [4't5i：vm4nt] n.1.完成，达到； 2.成就，成绩 attain [4'tein] vt.达到；完成 optimal ['3ptim4l] a.最适宜的；最理想的 suboptimization [s8b`3ptimai'zei54n] n.局部最优化（指使整体目标中的某个选定目标圆满实现） trade-off ['treid 3f] n.1.（对不能同时兼顾的因素）权衡；2.物物交换 argue ['2：gju：] vt./vi.争辨，争论，辩论；vt.1.说服；2.用辩论证明 budget ['b8d9it] n.预算；vt.1.把……编入预算； 2.安排，预定 scheme [ski：m] n.计划；方案；vt./vi.计划，策划 define [di'fain] vt.1.解释，给……下定义；2.限定，规定 multiple ['m8ltipl] a.多样的，复合的；n.倍数 profitability [`pr3fit4'biliti] n.赚钱，获利 correctness [k4'rektnis] n.正确，正确性 unintended ['8nin'tendid] a.非计划中的，非故意的ongoing ['3n'g4ui6] a.进行中的，前进的 entity ['entiti] n.1.存在，实体；2.统一性 skilled [skild] a.熟练的；有技能的 in the way 挡路；碍事 make a guess at 猜测 and the like 等等，诸如此类 seek to 追求，争取 in part 部分地，在某种程度上 point of view 观点 interview ['int4vju：] vt./n.1.面谈，采访；2.面试，口试 criticism ['kritisiz4m] n.批评；评论 candidate ['k1ndideit] n.1.候选人，候补者；2.应试者vague [veig] a.含糊的；不明确的 notion ['n4u54n] 1. 概念；2.想法，看法 prospect ['pr3spek n.1.展望，景象；2.[常pl.]前景，前程 community [k4'mju：niti] n.社区；共同体 unattractive [`8n4'tr1ktiv] a.无吸引力的；不引人注意的 indifference [in'difr4ns] n.冷漠；不感兴趣（to）interviewer ['int4vju：4] n.接见者；面谈者 personality [`p4：s4'n1liti] n.个性；人格；品格prospective [pr4s'pektiv] a.预期的；未来的 speechless ['spi：t5lis] a.1.不会说话的；2.不说话的clarification [`kl1rifi'kei54n] n.澄清，阐明 correspondence [`k3ris'p3nd4ns] n.1.符合，一致；2.通信 photocopy ['f4ut4u`k3pi] vt./n.1.复印，影印； 2.照相复制本 resume ['rezju：mei]] n.1.摘要，梗概；2.个人简历inefficiency [`ini'fi54nsi] n.无效；效能差 neat [ni：t] a.整洁的；简洁的；整齐的 conservative [k4n's4：v4tiv] a.1.保存的，防腐的；2.保守的，守旧的 punk [p86k] n.1.（俚）阿飞；2.朋克（70年代以来英国、美国的年轻人中的颓废派）；a.颓废派的 miniskirt ['minisk4：t] n.超短裙 panel ['p1nl] n.专门小组 intimidate [in'timideit] vt.恐吓，恫吓 clutch [kl8t5] vt./vi.抓住，握紧 grip [grip] vt./n.1.紧握，紧夹；2.掌握，控制 painful ['peinful] a.1.痛苦的；2.费力 自考“英语二”大纲单词表2 rephrase ['ri'freiz] vt.重新措辞，改用别的话表示apply for 申请 day to day （=day-to-day）work 日常工作 take the trouble to 不辞劳苦，费力 put oneself in somebody's place 设身处地
2018年4月高等教育自学考试《英语（一）》试题 课程代码：00012 一、阅读判断 Finding Paradise (天堂) and Success in Retirement Ivy Singh and her husband had their retirement all planned out. They wanted to have a place with enough land to grow plants. The couple successfully found a proper place and turned it into a farm called Bollywood Veggies. "We came and had a look and we found paradise. We started Bollywood Veggies there and then," she says. The basic idea of starting the farm was to keep themselves busy in retirement. Mrs. Singh says it was never begun as a business. "We started this as a lifestyle project for retirement." The farm's produce includes beans, cabbage and other crops. Soon, more people found out about the farm. Visitors often asked whether the farm offered any food or drinks. So the couple started a restaurant and a food museum on the farm. As the farm changed from a retirement to a commercial project, Mrs. Singh sought new business opportunities. A key area was growing bananas. Given the popularity of bananas and their use in a range of food products, she saw great potential. The farm uses its crop to make products such as banana chips and bread. Mrs. Singh, driven by the success of the project, now wants to open a retirement home on the farm. She says the farm is a nice place for people who have retired. Mrs. Singh says she does not care much about the profit, because she is getting to live her dream while making a difference to society. 1. Ivy and her husband made a careful plan for retirement. A. True B. False C. Not Given 2. Before retirement, the couple were doing business on plants. A. True B. False C. Not Given 3. The couple started Bollywood Veggies for business purposes. A. True B. False C. Not Given 4. Cabbage was the first vegetable planted on the farm. A. True B. False C. Not Given 5. The couple opened a restaurant close to the farm. A. True B. False C. Not Given 6. Mrs. Singh planted bananas because they were very popular. A. True B. False C. Not Given 7. Visitors to the farm like its banana chips the best. A. True B. False C. Not Given 8. Mrs. Singh built a retirement home on the farm. A. True B. False C. Not Given 9. Mrs. Singh thinks the farm is a good place for retired people.
? A FAMOUS QUOTE 一个著名的报价 ? ?Without music, life would be a mistake. 没有音乐，生活将是一个错误。 ?——Friedrich Nietzsche ——尼采 ?Friedrich Nietzsche （1844-1900）, German-Swiss philosopher and writer, one of the most influential of modern thinkers. 弗里德里希·尼采(1844 - 1900)、德瑞哲学家和作家,最具影响力的现代思想家之一。 ?He wrote critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy and science. 他撰写了有关宗教、道德、当代文化、哲学和科学的批评文章。 ?Speaking Activity 演讲活动 ?Making an Appointment 做一个预约 ?Sample Dialogue 样的对话 ?Read the following conversation. 阅读下面的对话。 ?Pay attention to how the speakers make an appointment. 注意说话者是如何预约的。 ?Cindy:Dr. 辛迪:博士。 ?Peterson's office. 彼得森的办公室。 ?How can I help you? 我能帮你什么吗? ?David: I'd like to make an appointment. 大卫:我想约个时间。 ?Would Dr.Peterson be able to see me at 9:30 tomorrow? 彼得森医生明天9点半能见我吗? ?Cindy: I'm sorry, but he hasn't got any openings until 11:00, unless there's a cancellation. 辛蒂:很抱歉，他11点才有空，除非有人取消预约。
《英语一》考试题型及备考建议 一、指定教材 必读书目为全国高等教育自学考试公共课指定新材《英语(一)自学教程》。英语一要求掌握的词汇量为3500。本课程的考试采用闭卷方式，统考采用笔试。考试时间为150分钟。试卷满分为100分，60分及格。本课程考试采用统一设计的答题卡。考生必须将所有试题的答案按要求填涂和书写在答题卡对应的位置。"命题按照标准化测试要求设计。命 题的广度和难度依据本大纲规定的知识范围和能力要求确定。部分命题素材取自《英语（一）自学教程》。统考以阅读和写作为主，听、说不做统考要求。考试题包括客观性试题和主观性试题，分别占卷面总分的55%和45%。试卷由七 部分组成，包括：阅读判断、阅读选择、概括段落大意和补全句子、填句补文、填词补文、完形补文以及短文写作。 二、考试要求及考试题型 考试题型分为客观性和主观性试题，试卷由七部分组成：1．阅读判断 2．阅读选择 3．概括段落大意和补全句子 4．填句补充
5．填词补文 6．完型补文 7．短文写作 1、阅读判断：该部分要求考生能够理解文中明确表达的概念或细节，推断隐含表达的内容，理解全文主旨和作者所持观点态度；能够根据上下文推测生词意义，理解句问关系和语篇结构。该部分要求考生在读懂1篇350词左右短文的基础上，对给出的l0个句子所表达信息作出判断，有的信息是正确的，有的是错误的，有的文中没有提到。 该部分共l0小题。每小题1分，共计10分。 2、阅读选择：该部分要求考生：理解文章主旨和要义；把握文章的基本结构；理解文中说明要点的事实和细节；作出简单推理和判断：根据上下文推断生词的释义，领会作者的意图、观点和态度。短文后设有5个题目，要求考生从每题后4个备选项中选出最佳选项。 该部分共5小题，每小题2分，共计10分。 3、概括段落大意和补全句子：该部分包括1篇短文（350词左右）和2项任务：概括段落大意和补全句子。其中概括段落大意部分旨在考查考生宏观把握文章结构、概括段落大意和提取关键信息的能力。该任务设有5或6个概括句或小标题，这些标题或文字分别是对文章各段落的概括和阐述，
1. How does the United States rank among the countries of the world in population and area? The United States of America is the third-largest country in the world in population and the fourth-largest country in area. 人口：印度-中国-美国- 面积：俄罗斯-加拿大-中国-美国-巴西-澳大利亚-印度 2. What are the two major mountain ranges in the United States? They are the Appalachian Highlands 阿巴拉契亚山脉and the Rocky Mountains. 落基山脉 3. What is the Continental Divide, or Great Divide? The Continental Divide, or Great Divide, is an imaginary line that separates streams that flow into the Pacific Ocean from those that flow into the Atlantic. 4. What are the five Great Lakes of the United States? They are Erie, Huron, Michigan, Ontario, and Superior. 5. How many geographical regions can be found in the United States? What are they? There are seven geographical regions in the United States. They are New England, the Middle Atlantic States, the southern States, the Midwestern States, the Rocky Mountain states, the Southwestern States, and the Pacific Coast States and the New States. 6. What states are in New England? New England is made up of six states of the North-East. They are Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. 7. Apart from Now York City, what other large cites are located in the Middle Atlantic region? Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Buffalo, and Newark.
综合英语（一）下 Lesson One The Story of an Hour 一小时的故事 Kate Chopin Learning Guide 一位已婚女士闻其丈夫惨死于火车事故，不顾自己衰弱的心脏能否经受得住，当即入放声痛哭，随后又不顾亲友的劝告将自己锁在屋内。她推开窗子，迎来外面雨后的一片春意盎然。那充满生机的景象突然唤醒了长期隐藏在她心底深处的愿望，她感到了身心从未有过的自由。正当她憧憬着未来的自由时?? 1They knew that Louise Mallard had a weak heart. So they broke the bad news gently. Her husband, Brently, was dead. 他们知道路易丝·马拉德的心脏不太好，所以把坏消息透露给她时非常委婉。她的丈夫布伦特里死 了 2“ There was a train accident, Louise, ” said her sister Josephine, quietly. 3Her husband's friend, Richards, brought the news, but Josephine told the story. She spoke in broken 4“ Richards ?waast the newspaper office. News of the accident came. Louise ?Lou iBsere, ntly's name was on the list. Brently ?was killed, Louise. ” “出了一次火车事故，路易丝。”姐姐约瑟芬轻声说道。带来消息的是她丈夫的朋友理查兹，但告诉她的是约瑟芬。约瑟芬在讲述时语不成句。 “理查兹当时正在报社，消息传了过来。路易丝??路易丝，死者的名单上有布伦特里的名字。布 伦特里??遇难了，路易丝。” 5Louise did not hear the story calmly, like some women would.She could not close her mind or her heart to the news. Like a sudden storm , her tears broke out . She cried, at once, loudly in her sister's arms. Then, just as suddenly, the tears stopped. She went to her room alone. She would not let anyone follow her. 路易丝听到这个噩耗，没有像有些妇女所可能表现的那样平静。她不可能做到无动于衷。泪水像突如其 来的暴雨，夺眶而出。她立时呼号起来，在姐姐的怀里放声大哭。随后她的泪水就像它们突然来时的那样又突然止住了。她独自走进自己的房间，不让任何人跟着进去。 6In front of the window stood a large, comfortable armchair. Into this she sank and looked out of the window. She was physically exhausted after her tears. Her body felt cold; her mind and heart were empty. 7Outside her window she could see the trees. The air smelled like spring rain. She could hear someone singing far away. Birds sang near the house. Blue sky showed between the clouds. She rested. 窗前放着一把又大又舒适的扶手椅。她疲惫地坐到椅子上，向窗外望去。哭过之后，她筋疲力尽。她浑身冰凉，脑子里和心里一片空白
<<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 试题及答案000154月自考英语二2014年第一部分：阅读判断（10*1分） Running: sport or way of life? You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortable clothes and go for a run. One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment. But don't be fooled into thinking the sport of running is easy. It requires discipline and concentration. Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart, lungs, and muscles. It makes you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you don't get sick as easily. It can even help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more clearly. How do you get engaged in the sport if you don't know much about it? Most schools offer running programs. A simple Internet search can help you find some in your area. The programs show you how running can offer competition or just be for fun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies. Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be. If you go to a race, you'll see people cheering for all the runners. Running isn't always about how fast you are running or how far you're going. It's about getting out there and doing it. Participation is more important than competition, and effort is recognized over talent. It you're looking for more than just a sport, running may be the perfect choice for you. 1.You may find it interesting to go for a run. A.True B. False C. Not Given 2.The sport of running is easy. A.True B. False C. Not Given 3.It's hard to find a safe environment for running. 》》》》精品资料》<<<<<< <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 A.True B. False C. Not Given 4.Running is good to people's body and mind. A.True B. False C. Not Given 5.A long-distance run is good in many ways. A.True B. False C. Not Given 6.You can find running programs online. A.True B. False C. Not Given 7.Running programs set goals for you.
自考英语常见同源词表 本表所涉及的是自考英语中比较常见的同源词，因其绝大部分都属于英语（一）大纲词 表范围之内，故本处没有针对英语（一）与英语（二）做分表列举。 需要注意，表中所列同源词不但对于“单词形式”题型非常重要，而且也是英语中的常 用词与需要重点掌握的词汇，所以同学们不妨也可以将本表看做一张精简的重点词汇表进行学习与记忆。 由于篇幅所限，表中同源词的中文语义没有列出。某些语义特殊，需要重点掌握的单词 请查看大纲词表。 本表经过筛选，所列仅为比较重要的同源词；某些相对容易，且在高中阶段同学们应已 较好掌握的同源词略去。表中选取的某些同源词的某些词性形式不是重要考点的，表中也略去。 名词 动词 形容词 副词 介词 ability enable, disable able, unable, disabled absence absent absolute absolutely access access accessible accomplishment accomplish accordance accord accordingly according (to)
accurate accurately achievement achieve acquisition acquire action, activity act, activate active actively actual actually addition add additional additionally adequacy adequate, inadequate adequately, inadequately adjustment adjust admission admit advance advance advanced advertisement advertise advice advise advisable aggression aggress aggressive aggressively agreement agree ambition ambitious ambitiously anger
??????????????????????精品自学考试资料推荐??????????????????2018 年 10 月自考英语（一）试题 英语（一）试卷 PART ONE (50 POINTS) I．Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑． 1．Jean didn"t have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ______ for the examination． A ．to prepare B．to be prepared C．preparing D．being preparing 2．The teacher"s insistence on high standards resulted ___ excellent work． A．with B．from C．in D．to 3．Read aloud ___ all the students in the classroom can hear you clearly． A ．since B．because C．for D．so that 4．I have no doubt ____ he will overcome all his difficulties． A ．which B．what C．that D．if
??????????????????????精品自学考试资料推荐??????????????????5．It"s necessary that he ____ in time to attend the meeting． A．come B．came C．comes D．will come 6．Sometimes very young children have trouble ___ the right from the wrong ． A ．for separating B．to separate C．having separated D．separating 7．______ the saying goes, practice makes perfect． A．Since B．As C．For D．Like 8．It is impolite to _____ in others" private affairs ． A．involve B．invade C．integrate D．interfere 9．They thought the program was ___ investigating ． A．worth B．worthy C．worthwhile D．worthing 10． To our delight, she quickly ____ herself to the situation ． A．adopted B．adapted C．attached D．appealed
中国自考人(https://www.doczj.com/doc/f17272172.html,)——700门自考课程永久免费、完整在线学习快快加入我们吧！ 全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试 英语国家概况试题 课程代码：00522 Ⅰ.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (40 points, 1 point for each) 1.Britain has, for centuries, been slowly tilting with ________. A.the North-West slowly rising and the South-East slowly sinking B.the North-East slowly rising and the South-West slowly sinking C.the South-East slowly rising and the South-West slowly sinking D.the South-West slowly rising and the North-East slowly sinking 2.Which often following statements is not true about British coal mining? A.Brition has used up almost all coal deposits. B.The demand for British coal has declined. C.Petroleum, water power, and electric power replacing coal for many purposes. D.The old British mines are narrow and deep, making it difficult to use machines 3.For electoral purposes Britain is divided into 659 constituencies, each of which returns ________ to the House of Commons. A.one member B.two members C.three members D.four members 4.In the 1970s oil was discovered in ________, but the revenue from oil did not create an economic for Britain. A.the English Channel B.the Irish Sea C.St. George's Channel D.the North Sea 5.In Britain, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of ________. A.the Lord Chancellor B.the Prime Minister C.the Speaker D.the Parliamentary Commissioner 6.Thanks to the militant feminist movement of the suffragettes before the First World War, votes were granted to women over the age of ________ in 1918. A.18 B.20 C.30 D.35 7.The objective of the Chartist Movement was democratic rights for all men, and it took its name from “________”. A.The Bill of Rights B.The Agreement of the People C.The People's Charter D.The Great Charter 8.In the 1960s pop music underwent a revolution when ________ became world famous and turned their home town of Liverpool into a place of pilgrimage. A.teh Beach Boys B.the Rolling Stone C.the Animals D.the Beatles 9.The Tories were the forerunners of ________, which still bears this nickname today. A.the Labour Party B.the Conservative Party