One: Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you have heard a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.M: Programming is too tough for me to learn. I’ll quit.
W: Keep trying, you can make it.
Question: What does the woman mean?
2.M: Just look at today’s paper--nothing but accidents or gossip.
W: Right, nothing is worth reading.
Question:What is the speakers’ attitude towards today’s paper?
3.M: Jane, have you turn off the mobile phone? The musical is about to start.
W: Okay, I can’t wait to see Lucas Wong, my favoriteactor.
Question: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
4.M: Before feeding the dog, I am going to clear up its the house.
W: It’s about time. Look at the mess! It smells terrible.
Question:What is the man most probably going to do first?
5.W: Shall we buy some magazines on home decoration before furnishing our new
house?
M: We could. But considering the information,d on’t you think they are overpriced? Question: What does the man think of such magazines?
6.M: Miss Fang, for tomorrow’s test can we use a calculator?
W: No, you should learn basic calculation skills.
Question: Which test is the man most probably going to take?
7.W: W hy didn’t you go to the concert? It was marvelous.
M: I was tired out. I just came back from Chengdu by train that morning.
Question: Why was the man absent from the concert?
8.W: Robbie, I can’t carry those books to the classroom. Would you please help me?
M: Sorry, Mary. I have an appointment with Prof. Hanks now. Why notuse your bicycle?
Question: What does Robbie imply?
9.M: Some doctors love to lecture people about their lifestyles.
W: Well, I don’t think they c an make a difference.
Question: What does the woman mean?
10.W: Alex, do you like team sports? Football, basketball…
M: Sure, but I’m a spectator rather than a player.
Question: What can we learn about the man?
Section B
Direction: In section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you’ll be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk.
That long-awaited trip is about to begin. You’ve been working hard getting everything organized. I’m here to give you the tips you need to make the packing task easier. The golden rule is: the lighter, the better. Most shampoo manufacturers seem to make a special point of packaging their products in containers which are either large or heavy. One way to decrease the weight in your bag is to buy some small bottles and pour into them just enoughshampoo for the holiday. Another idea is to collect samples of shampoo throughout the year, ready for use when holiday time comes around. What else need to go into the suitcase? Clothes, of course. Do n’t forget to roll them up: it not only saves space,
but also helps reduce wrincling. Remember to put an alarm clock, washing powder and medicine in the suitcase. Still on the subject of the suitcase, to keep the suitcases safe, keep them simple. If you use very expensive designer suitcases, you’ll invite theft. A plain case won’t be noticed as much by thieves.
11, According to the speaker, how can we decrease the weight in the bag?
12. What does the speaker tell us to do to prevent theft?
13. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
Questions 14-16 are based on the following passage.
Some people believe that spending quiet hours reading and thinking in a library is the best way to prepare for a debate contest. Most memory experts, however, would recommend preparing with team members. Doing so increases the rate of learning and the likelihood of remembering. When members of a debate team prepare together, they learn facts and master issues faster and more effectively than each individual could alone. Communication is essential to the ability to remember well, says a well-known psychologist. He has found that isolating yourselfis about the worst thing you can do if you want to remember information. In other words, when you talk with others, whether it is to describe a movie, or complain about a difficult chapter in a textbook, you are actually strengthening your memory. The human memory works like a filing system. For a filing system to be effective, information has to be put in a logical place--inside a folder that includes related information. When the members of a debate team practice by using facts in support of an argument, they are exactly gathering related pieces of information into a
single mental folder. And during an actual debate, when the pressure is on, they will be more easily recalled than those memorized as isolated pieces of information.
14. What do memory experts think of reading and thinking quietly in debate preparation?
15. In which situation are people most likely to improve their memory?
16. In what way do human memory work like a filing system?
Questions 17-20 are based on the following conversation.
M: Last night, the new said that in some cities they are thinking of turning of public water supply during part of each day.
W: Hum, there is a shortage of water here, too. Is there anything we can do to help? Water is so important.
M: Sure, there are many things we can do to cut down on the amount of water we use. One is to change some of the things in the bathroom.
W: Hum, don’t you think changing the bathroom can be too expensive?
M: I don’t mean to change everything just… Well, for instance, the shower head. There are new ones on the market that saves almost 50 percent of the water. They don’t cost very much.
W: Good idea. I’ve read the normal flow of a shower is 20 liters per minute. By cutting down that on half, one would only consume 16 liters for a shower. If we turn off the water when brushing our teeth, that would help, too.
M: Right. I wasn’t aware it could be that much.
W: There are also new toilet s that save a lot of water. But it isn’t necessary to change
them right away.
M: We don’t need to change them. By placing one or two bricks in the tank to take up some of the space, the amount of water flowing into the tank will be reduced.
W: That sounds great!
17. According to the man, what was last night’s news about?
18. Which of the following is a suggestion made by the speaker?
19. With the new shower head, how much water would a person use for a shower?
20. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?
That’s the end of listening comprehension.
2018年高考试题——英语听力（上海卷）录音稿 I. Listening Comprehension. Part A Short Conversations Directions:In part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Fried chicken. B. Hamburgers. C. A pizza. D. Seafood. 2. A. A new job. B. A party. C. A new house. D. Some drinks. 3. A. She doesn't like reading. B. She's already read the book. C. She is too busy to read the book. D. She's almost finished the book. 4. A. Frightening. B. Interesting. C. Enjoyable. D. Dull. 5. A. It is time that he won the scholarship. B. No one believes that he won the scholarship. C. He's surprised that he got the scholarship. D. He's glad to award the woman the scholarship. 6. A. The 4:40 bus. B. The 5:00 bus. C. The 5:20 bus. D. The 5:40 bus. 7. A. An airhostess. B. A cook. C. A waitress. D. A hotel manager. 8. A. At a police station. B. At a bank. C. At an employment agency. D. At a post office. 9. A. Someone helped him with the work. B. Someone has done the work for him. C. He didn't quite finish the work. D. He did the work alone. 10. A. He doesn't love jazz. B. He hasn't heard any music for a long time. C. He'd prefer silence for a while. D. He'd like to listen to some jazz. Part B Passages Directions: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only
绝密★启用前 2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海 卷） 英语 第I 卷（105分） I . Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A;you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a questi on will be asked about what was said. The con versati ons and the questi ons will be spoke n only once. After you hear a conversatio n and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best an swer to the questi on you have heard. 1. A. At a train stati on. B. At an airport. C. At a travelage ncy. 2. A. $5. B. $10. C. $15. 3. A. Recepti onistand guest. B. Salespers on and customer. C. Doctor and patie nt. 4. A. Excited. B. Dissatisfied. 5. A. Her hair has cha nged. C. She prefers to wear long hair. 6. A. It is too early to watch the Tale nt Show. C. He would rather watch TV than go to bed. 7. A. She has got everyth ing ready. C. She hates pack ing by herself. 8. A. They should wait for Joh n for a while. C. They should start the meeting right away. 9. A. She is unwilling to move into a new flat. C. Bored. B. She isn ' t satisfied with her hair style. D. The man has cha nged his hair style. B. He will go to bed in five minutes. D. He is old eno ugh to stay up. B. She n ever hesitates over what to take. D. She n eeds more time for pack ing. B. They should stay here for the ni ght. D. They should call Joh n at on ce. B. Her neighbors get along well with her. D. At a bus stati on. D. $50. D. Waiter and diner. D. Exhausted. C. She can ' t tell the man why she is moving. D. Her neighbors usually play their TV loud. 10. A. Ask for direct ions. B. Try a differe nt route. C. Go back for the map. D. Cancel their trip. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questi ons will be spoke n only once. When you hear a questi on, read the four possible an swers on your paper and decide which one would be the blest an swer to the questi on you have heard. Questi ons 11 through 13 are based on the follow ing passage. 11. A. A political system. B. Religio n. 12. A. Discuss curre nt issues. C. Attend an arts and crafts competition. 13. A. The Commo nwealth Games. C. The Com mon wealth members. C. Work ing Ian guage. B. Join in a writing competition. D. Celebrate their frien dship. B. An importa nt holiday. D. An intern ati onal associati on. D. Race. Questio ns 14 through 16 are based on the follow ing n ews. 14. A. Equipp ing stude nts with kno wledge. B. Qualify ing stude nts for certa in jobs. C. Develop ing stude nts ' habits of min d.D. Help ing stude nts to go to graduate school. 15. A. The ability to have critical an alysis. C. Logical use of in formatio n. 16. A. Goals to reach in a college educati on. C. Qualifications needed for a job. Section C B. Creative use of leisure time. D. Willi ngn ess to accept un certa in ty. B. Roles of kno wledge in stude nts ' growth. D. Importa nee of after-class activities. Directions: In Sectio n C, you will hear two Ion ger con versati ons. The con versati ons will be read twice. After you hear each con versati on, you are required to fill in the nu mbered bla nks with the in formatio n you have heard. Write your an swers on your an swer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer. ________________________________ Complaint Form _________________________________ Caller: Mary White Phone No.: ____ 17 . Location of Problem: A 18 restaura nt , 449 Sha nghai Street Details: It dumps its 19 on the street. It doesn ' t put bottles and cans in 20 bins. Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. . Grammar and Vocabulary Section A
2017年普通高等学校全国统一考试语文注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，在选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）论述类文本阅读（9分，每小题3分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。 气候正义是环境主义在气候变化领域的具体发展和体现。2000年前后，一些非政府组织承袭环境正义运动的精神。开始对气候变化的影响进行伦理审视，气候正义便应运而生。气候正义关注的核心主要是在气候容量有限的前提下，如何界定各方的权利和义务，主要表现为一种社会正义或法律正义。 从空间维度来看，气候正义涉及不同国家和地区之间公平享有气候容量的问题，也涉及一国内部不同区域之间公平享有气候容量的问题，因而存在气候变化的国际公平和国内公平问题，公平原则应以满足人的基本需求作为首要目标，每个人都有义务将自己的“碳足迹”控制在合理范围之内。比如说，鉴于全球排放空间有限，而发达国家已实现工业化，在分配排放空间时，就应首先满足发展中国家在衣食住行和公共基础设施建设等方面的基本发展需求，同时遇到在满足基本需求之上的奢侈排放。 从时间维度上来看，气候正义涉及当代人与后代之间公平享有气候容量的问题，因而存在代际权利义务关系问题。这一权利义务关系，从消极方面看，体现为当代人如何约束自己的行为来保护地球气候系统，以将同等质量的气候系统交给后代；从积极方面看，体现为当代人为自己及后代设定义务，就代际公平而言，地球上的自然资源在代际分配问题上应实现代际共享，避免“生态赤字”。因为，地球这个行星上的自然资源包括气候资源，是人类所有成员，包括上一代、这一代和下一代，共同享有和掌管的。我们这一代既是受益人，有权使用并受益于地球，又是受托人，为下一代掌管地球。我们作为地球的受托管理人，对子孙后代负有道德义务。实际上气候变化公约或协定把长期目标设定为保护气候系统面授人为原因引起的温室气体排放导致的干扰，其目的正是为了保护地球气候系统，这是符合后代利益的。至少从我们当代人已有的科学认识来看，气候正义的本质是为了保护后代的利益，而非为其设定义务。 总之，气候正义既有空间的维度，也有时间的维度，既涉及国际公平和国内公平，也设计代际公平和代内公平。因此，气候正义的内涵是：所有国家、地区和个人都有平等使用、享受气候容量的权利，页应公平地分担稳定气候系统的义务和成本。 （摘编自明德《中国参与国际气候治理的法律立场和策略：以气候正义为视角》） 1．下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是（3分） A.为了应对气候变化，非政府组织承袭环境正义运动的精神，提出了气候正义。 B.与气候变化有关的国际公平和国内公平问题，实际上就是限制排放的问题。 C.气候正义中的义务问题，是指我们对后代负有义务，而且要为后代设定义务。 D.已有的科学认识和对利益分配的认识都会影响我们对气候正义内涵的理解。 2．下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是（3分） A. 文章从两个维度审视气候正义，并较为深入地阐述了后一维度的两个方面。
2016学年第二学期徐汇区高三模拟考英语试卷2017.4 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. He knows who is knocking. B. He is eager to know who it is. C. He doesn’t want to open the door. D. He is ready to open the door. 2. A. By plane. B. By bus. C. By taxi. D. By train. 3. A. $100. B. $200. C. $300. D. $400. 4. A. She went to cinema. B. She went to an exhibition. C. She stayed at home. D. She stayed with her classmates. 5. A. In a doctor’s office. B. In a professor’s office. C. In an operating room. D. In an emergency ward. 6. A. The man paid the tuition for learning physics. B. The man got a lot of money for his hard work. C. His hard work was not rewarding at all. D. His work before the test led to a good result. 7. A. A furnished house. B. A recent book. C. A further study. D. A new record. 8. A. They will go swimming. B. They will climb mountains. C. They will buy some clothes. D. They will forecast the weather conditions. 9. A. He has another lecture to attend. B. He has no interest in the lecture. C. He’s attended the same lecture given by Professor Wilson before. D. He might miss the lecture, if the woman didn’t remind him. 10.A. She fully agrees with the man. B. They are uncertain about the weather. C. She disagrees with the man. D. She thought the man was always late. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. People are encouraged to be a craftsman. B. Learning woodworking is not as hard as you think. C. Learning woodworking will help you know more people. D. Taking a class in woodworking will be very helpful. 12. A. Because I am a talent in this art and want to share it with others. B. Because I am interested in it and want to show it to others. C. Because I wonder how to pick materials and how to do it well. 1 / 16
2017.1 1. Man: What would you like, Linda? I think I'll have pie and ice-cream. Woman: The chocolate cake looks wonderful. But I’ll have cheese cake for a change. Question: What would the woman most probably have? 2. Man: Dose the sign say the museum is open every day from 10 to 8? Woman: Sorry, I haven’t got my glasses. Question: What does the woman mean? 3. Man: You know what, Betty? I've decided to give up smoking. Woman: Once again? Question: How does the woman feel about the man’s decision? 4. Man: Don’t you ever go home? Every time I see you, you are here in the library browsing through your books. Woman: What do you mean? I thought this was home. Question: What can we learn about the woman? 5. Woman: Are you skiing this afternoon? Man: I doubt it. The weather forecast is pretty bad. Question: what does the man mean? 6. Woman: The fridge is empty. What happened to all that food we bought? Man: My little brother has a big appetite. He really cleaned these out. Question: What does the man mean? 7. Man: I’m taking my nephew to a concert for his birthday tonight. Woman: In this T-shirt? You’d better change. Question: What does the woman suggest the man do? 8. Woman: Martin, my car is at the repair shop. Could you give me a ride to school? Man: Well, I would. But I’m supposed to be at the clinic in 5 minutes. Question: What is the man most probably going to do? 9. Man: Psychologists have studied thousands of pictures by kids and match them up. Woman: I’m sorry. But I don’t quite follow you. Question: What does the woman mean? 10. Man: I really enjoyed that quiz show last night. Did you see it? Woman: Oh, yes. But I wish I could've stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing. Question: What does the woman mean? Questions 11~13 are based on the following announcement. Ladies and Gentlemen, may I have your attention, please. I’m sorry to tell you that the police have asked us to tell everyone to move out from this building as quickly as possible. A handbag possibly containing an explosive device has been found in one of the dressing rooms' back stage. Experts are on their way to examine it. We ask you to leave in a quiet and orderly way. There is
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷·课标I卷) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 1.What time is it now? A.9:10. B.9:50. C.10:00. 2.What does the woman think of the weather? A.It?s nice. B.It?s warm. C.It?s cold. 3.What will the man do? A.Attend a meeting. B.Give a lecture. C.Leave his office. 4.What is the woman?s opinion about the course? A.Too hard. B.Worth taking. C.Very easy. 5. What does the woman want the man do? A.Speak louder. B.Apologize to her. C.Turn off the radio. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. How long did Michael stay in China? A.Five days. B.One week. C.Two weeks. 7.Where did Michael go last year? A.Russia. B.Norway. C.India. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8.What food does Sally like? A. Chicken. B.Fish. C.Eggs. 9.What are the speakers going to do? A.Cook dinner. B.Go shopping. C.Order dishes. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. Where are the speakers? A. In a hospital. B.In the office. C.At home. 11. When is the report due? A.Thursday. B.Friday. C.Next Monday. 12. What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report? A.Improve it. B.Hand it in later. C.Leave it with him. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Salesperson and customer. B.Homeowner and cleaner. C.Husband and wife. 14.What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer? A.One with two bedrooms. B.One without furniture. C.One near a market. 15.How much rent should one pay for the one-bedroom apartment? A.＄350. B.＄400. C.＄415. 16.Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see? A.On Lake Street. B.On Market. C.On South Street. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17.What percentage of the world?s tea exports go to Britain? A. Almost15%. B.About30%. C.Over40%. 18.Why do tea tasters taste tea with milk?
绝密★启用前 2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷3） 语文 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。 写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。 “让居民望得见山、看得见水、记得住乡愁”，这是以人为核心的新型城镇化建设 的要求，也戳中了一些地方城镇化的软肋。一些乡村在变为城镇的郭城镇，虽然面貌焕 然一新，但很多曾经让人留恋的东西却荡然无存。人们或多或少有这样的担忧：快速的、 大规模的城镇化会不会是“乡愁”无处安放？要在城镇化进程中留住乡愁，不让“乡愁” 变成“乡痛”，一个重要措施是要留住、呵护并活化乡村记忆。 乡村记忆是乡愁的载体，主要包括两个方面：一方面是物质文化记忆，如日常生活 用品、公共活动场所、传统民居建筑等“记忆场所”；另一方面是非物质文化记忆，如 村规民约、传统习俗、传统技艺以及具有地方特色的生产生活模式等。乡村物质文化记 忆与非物质文化记忆常常相互融合渗透，构成一个有机整体。哲学乡村记忆是人们认知 家园空间、乡土历史与传统礼仪的主要载体。在城镇化过程中留住他们，才能留住乡愁。 这实质上是对人的情感的尊重。至于哪些乡村基因真正值得保留，这一方面可以借助一 些科学的评价体系进行合理评估，另一方面可以广泛听取民意，然后进行综合甄选。在 新型城镇化建设过程中，需要做好这方面的前期规划。 仅仅留住乡村记忆而不进行呵护，乡村记忆会逐渐失去原有魅力。呵护乡村记忆， 使其永葆“温度”，就要对相关记忆场所做好日常维护工作，为传统技艺传承人延续传 统技艺创造条件，保持乡村传统活动的原有品质。比如，对一些乡土景观、农业遗产、 传统生产设施与生产方法等有意识地进行整理维护。对于乡村中的集体记忆场所，如村
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19. 15. B. ￡ 9. 18. C. ￡ 9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What does the woman think of the movie? A. It’s amus ing. B. It’s exciting. C. It’s disappointing. 2. How will Susan spend most of her time in France? A. Traveling around. B. Studying at a school. C. Looking after her aunt. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Going out. B. Ordering drinks. C. Preparing for a party. 4. Where are the speakers? A. In a classroom. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore. 5. What is the man going to do ? A. Go on the Internet. B. Make a phone call. C. Take a train trip. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
绝密★启用前 2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 北京卷英语试题听力 2015年高考 北京卷 英语听力音频 双击图标打开收听.mp3 （请用电脑，双击上面图标，打开收听） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 例：What is the man going to read? A. A newspaper. B. A magazine. C. A book. 答案是A。 1. What kind of music does the woman like? A. Classical music. B. Rock music. C. Country music. 2. Which sweater will the man take? A. The red one. B. The blue one. C. The yellow one. 3. How will the man pay? A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. By traveler’s cheque. 4. Where are the woman’s keys? A. In her pocket. B. On the floor. C. On the table. 5. What will the man probably do tonight? A. Read Chapter 4. B. Study in the library. C. Watch the football match. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the relationship between the two speakers?
语文试题 第1页（共18页） 语文试题 第2页（共10页） 绝密★启用前 2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 语 文 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，在选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）论述类文本阅读（每小题3分，9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。 气候正义是环境主义在气候变化领域的具体发展和体现。2000年前后，一些非政府组织承袭环境正义运动的精神，开始对气候变化的影响进行伦理审视，气候正义便应运而生。气候正义关注的核心主要是在气候容量有限的前提下，如何界定各方的权利和义务，主要表现为一种社会正义或法律正义。 从空间维度来看，气候正义涉及不同国家和地区之间公平享有气候容量的问题，也涉及一国内部不同区域之间公平享有气候容量的问题，因而存在气候变化的国际公平和国内公平问题。公平原则应以满足人的基本需求作为首要目标，每个人都有义务将自己的“碳足迹”控制在合理范围之内。比如说，鉴于全球排放空间有限，而发达国家已实现工业化，在分配排放空间时，就应首先满足发展中国家在衣食住行和公共基础设施建设等方面的基本发展需求，同时遏制在满足基本需求之上的奢侈排放。 从时间维度来看，气候正义涉及当代人与后代之间公平享有气候容量的问题，因而存在代际权利义务关系问题。这一权利义务关系，从消极方面看，体现为当代人如何约束自己的行为来保护地球气候系统，以将同等质量的气候系统交给后代；从积极方面看，体现为当代人为自己及后代设定义务。就代际公平而言，地球上的自然资源在代际分配问题上应实现代际共享，避免“生态赤字”。因为，地球这个行星上的自然资源包括气候资源，是人类所有成员，包括上一代、这一代和下一代，共同享有和掌管的。我们这一代既是受益人，有权使用并受益于地球，又是受托人，为下一代掌管地球。我们作为地球的受托管理人，对子孙后代负有道德义务。实际上，气候变化公约或协定把长期目标设定为保护气候系统免受人为原因引起的温室气体排放导致的干扰，其目的正是为了保 护地球气候系统，这是符合后代利益的。至少从我们当代人已有的科学认识来看，气候正义的本质是为了保护后代的利益，而非为其设定义务。 总之，气候正义既有空间的维度，也有时间的维度，既涉及国际公平和国内公平，也涉及代际公平和代内公平。因此，气候正义的内涵是：所有国家、地区和个人都有平等使用、享受气候容量的权利，也应公平地分担稳定气候系统的义务和成本。 （摘编自曹明德《中国参与国际气候治理的法律立场和策略：以气候正义为视角》） 1.下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是（3分） A .为了应对气候变化，非政府组织承袭环境正义运动的精神，提出了气候正义。 B .与气候变化有关的国际公平和国内公平问题，实际上就是限制排放的问题。 C .气候正义中的义务问题，是指我们对后代负有义务，而且要为后代设定义务。 D .已有的科学认识和对利益分配的认识都会影响我们对气候正义内涵的理解。 2.下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是（3分） A .文章从两个维度审视气候正义，并较为深入地阐述了后一维度的两个方面。 B .文章以气候容量有限为立论前提，并由此指向了气候方面的社会正义问题。 C .文章在论证中以大量篇幅阐述代际公平，彰显了立足未来的气候正义立场。 D .对于气候正义，文章先交代背景，接着逐层分析，最后梳理出了它的内涵。 3.根据原文内容，下列说法不正确的一项是（3分） A .如果气候容量无限，就不必对气候变化进行伦理审视、讨论气候的正义问题。 B .如果气候变化公约或协定的长期目标能落实，那么后代需求就可以得到保证。 C .只有每个人都控制“碳足迹”从而实现了代际共享，才能避免“生态赤字”。 D .气候容量的公平享有是很复杂的问题，气候正义只是理解该问题的一种视角。 （二）文学类文本阅读（本题共3小题，14分） 阅读下面的文字，完成4~6题。 天 嚣 赵长天 风，像浪一样，梗着头向钢架房冲撞。钢架房，便发疟疾般地一阵阵战栗、摇晃，像是随时都要散架。 渴！难忍难挨的渴，使人的思想退化得十分简单、十分原始。欲望，分解成最简单的元素：水！只要有一杯水，哪怕半杯，不，一口也好哇！ 空气失去了气体的性质，像液体，厚重而凝滞。粉尘，被风化成的极细小的砂粒，从昏天黑地的旷野钻入小屋，在人的五脏六腑间自由巡游。它无情地和人体争夺着仅有的一点水分。 他躺着，喉头有梗阻感，他怀疑粉尘已经在食道结成硬块，会不会引起别的疾病，比如矽肺？但他懒得想下去。疾病的威胁，似乎已退得十分遥远。 毕业学校_____________ 姓名_____________ 考生号_____________ ____________________________________________________ -------------在 --------------------此--------------------卷 --------------------上--------------------答 --------------------题 --------------------无--------------------效 ------------