后接to do和doing的动词
1.两者意义区别不大
begin to do sth.开始做某事
begin doing sth.
He began to do / doing this job last job.
他去年开始做这工作。
start to do sth.开始做某事
start doing sth.
He started to cry / crying.
他开始哭了。
备注：
begin/start 在下列三种情况下后跟不定式，不跟动名词：①主语是无生命的；
Snow began to melt.
②用于进行时态时；
He is beginning to study English.
③其后面的动词表心理状态的，如know、believe等；
I began to believe his story.
continue to do sth.继续做某事
continue doing sth.
Prices will continue to rise / rising.
物价将继续上涨。
like to do sth.喜欢将要去做某事（偶尔一次；有待做的）like doing sth.喜欢去做某事（一贯的行为；正在进行的）I like reading , but I don’t like to read now.
我喜欢阅读，但是现在不想读书。
2.两者意义差异较大
(不定式多表达：主动、将来；动名词多表达：被动、已完成)
forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事
forget doing sth.忘记已经做了某事
The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的等还亮着，他忘记关了。
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关掉灯了。
He forgot to pay me the money.
他忘记要付给我钱。
He forgot paying me the money.
他忘记付过我钱了。
mean to do sth.打算/企图做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.
我想去，但我爸不允许我去。
I am terribly sorry, I didn’t mean to interrupt you.
实在对不起，我并非有意打扰你。
Doing that means wasting time.
那样做意味着浪费时间。
These new orders for our manufactures will mean working overtime. 这些订购我们产品的新订单，意味着要加班。
need to do sth.需要去做某事
need doing sth.某事需要被做（= need to be done）
I need to wash my clothes.
我需要去清洗我的衣服。
My clothes need washing.
我的衣服需要清洗了。
The garden needs watering.
The garden needs to be watered.
花园需要浇水了。
remember to do sth.记得要去做某事
remember doing sth.记得曾经已经做过某事
Please remember to post the letter for me.
请记着替我寄出这封信。
Remember to close the door,please.
记着关上门。
Do you remember meeting me at a party last year?
你还记得去年在一次聚会上见过我吗？
I remember closing the door.
我记得已经关了门了。
regret to do sth.遗憾将要去做某事[r?'ɡret] regret doing sth.后悔做过某事
I regret to tell you that you can’t pass the examination. 我很遗憾地告知你，你未能通过这次考试。
I regretted not to read the book.
我很后悔没看这本书。
I regret disturbing you so long.
我很抱歉打扰了你那么久。
I regretted giving you the book.
我后悔把这本书给了你。
stop to do sth.停下来去做另外一件事情
stop doing sth.停止正在进行的事
The two girls stopped to talk to me when they saw me.
这两个女孩一见到我就停下来和我讲话。
The two girls stopped talking when they saw me.
这两个女孩一见到我就停止了说话。
Hearing the doorbell,she stopped to open the door.
听见门铃声，她停下手中的活去开门。
Hearing the doorbell,she stopped washing the dishes.
听见门铃声，她停下洗碗。
try to do sth.试图/尽力去做某事(强调要付出努力)
try doing sth.尝试着做某事(做做看怎么样)
Please try to finish this work in an hour.
请尽力在一个小时内完成这项工作。
He tried to stand up but failed.
他试图站立起来但是没能成功。
Why didn’t you try riding a bike to go to school?
为什么不尝试骑车去上学？
I’m going to try cooking a French meal this evening.
今晚我想试着做一顿法国餐。
go on to do sth.（做完某事）接着做另一件事
go on doing sth.继续做同一件事
He went on to read the text after finishing his homework.
写完家庭作业后，他又继续读课文。
He went on doing his homework in his room after supper.
晚饭后他在自己的房间里继续做作业。
That’s all for the text . Now , let’s go on to learn the grammar. 课文就到这，现在我们接着学语法。
Let’s have a rest. Then we go on walking.
我们休息一下，然后继续赶路。
龙源期刊网 https://www.doczj.com/doc/012517713.html, 动名词与动词不定式用法例析 作者：朱小峰 来源：《初中生世界(初二年级)》2007年第01期 英语中某些动词后可跟动名词或动词不定式，有时两者意思差别不大，有时却截然不同。现分别例析如下： 一、两者意思相似，但稍有差别 1．start／begin doing sth．(或to do sth．) 析：start／begin doing sth．与start／begin to do sth．两者均表示“开始做某事”，一般可通用，但指开始一项长期或习惯的活动时，多用doing形式，例如： (1)I started／began learning(或to learn)English in 1992． 我学英语开始于1992年。 (2)How old were you when you first started playing football? 你第一次踢足球时多大? 2．like doing sth．(或to do sth) 析：like doing sth．与like to do sth．两者均表示“喜欢做某事”，有时可以通用，但表示一般性或抽象的多次性行为多用doing形式；表示某一特定场合具体的动作时，多用to do形式。类似此用法的动词还有hate(憎恨)，love(爱、喜欢)，prefer(更喜欢)等，例如： (1)For example，Lily likes to dance(或dancing)，but I like to sing(或singing)． 例如，莉莉喜欢跳舞，但我喜欢唱歌。 (2)He likes(hates)swimming，but he doesn’t like(hate)to swim today． 他喜欢(讨厌)游泳，但他今天不喜欢(讨厌)游泳。
不定式和动名词做主语的区别 不定式和动名词都可在句子中作主语，一般说来, 有下面几点须给予注意： (1)不定式一般表示具体的、特定的行为，通常表示一种意愿、目的或者未完成的事情。；而-ing分词一般表示抽象的、一般的行为通常表示已经知道的事实或者经验。 如： To complete the program needs much effort. 完成这项计划需要很大的努力。 Riding a bike can make a man smart. 骑单车能使一个人敏捷。 (2)在疑问句中，只能用动名词的复合结构作主语。如： Is his speaking reasonable? 她的说话有道理吗？ (3)在某些句型中通常要用动名词短语作主语。如：It is no use doing…/ It is no goo d doing…/ It is useless doing…/ It is worthwhil e doing…如： It is no use talking your trouble to a man like him. 跟他那样的人谈你的烦恼没有用。 (4)一般说来，作主语和表语的非谓语动词形式应一致，即：或同时为不定式，或同时为-ing分词。如： Seeing is believing. 眼见为实(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/012517713.html,)。 但是，在现代英语中，当表语用来说明主语的特定意义或具体内容时，主语和表语的非谓语动词的形式可以不一致，即，主语用动名词，而表语用动词不定式。如：Waving your hand is to say “Good-bye”. 挥手就是说“再见”。 Nodding your head is to say “Yes”. 点头就是说“对，是的”。
一．动词+ing的用法(只能加doing的动词) Like/dislike/enjoy/have fun doing喜欢做 mind (sb) doing介意做 consider doing sth 考虑做某事 imagine doing 想象做 suggest doing建议做 practice doing练习做 finish doing结束做 what about/ how about doing sth 做某事如何 Thank you for doing sth. 为…感谢某人 at the beginning of doing sth 的起初；……的开始 keep/go/ (on) /continue doing持续做 can’t help doing情不自禁做 can’t stand doing不能忍受做 feel like doing想要做 go +doing (go shopping) 去做某事 no +doing 禁止做某事 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 can’t stop doing sth 忍不住做某事 spend time/money (in) doing 花费时间做某事 have trouble/difficulty/problems 做某事有困难 have experience (in) doing 做某事有经验 be /get/used to doing 习惯于做某事 pay attention to doing 注意做某事 hold on to doing sth 坚持做某事 look forward to doing期望做某事 be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 be interested in doing 对做某事感兴趣 be good at doing sth= do well in doing sth. 擅长作某事 about: be worried about doing担忧做 be embarrassed about 尴尬做 be annoyed about 反感做 with: be pleased with doing对做---满意 prefer doing to doing宁愿—也不愿 without: without doing没做 from: stop sb (from) doing阻止某人做某事 =prevent sb from doing =keep sb from doing (但keep sb doing使某人不停的做) by: by doing通过做 二、动词＋doing和to do 意义无大区别 begin doing/ begin to do start doing/ start to do开始做 continue doing/to do持续做 like doing / like to do love doing / love to do 喜欢做 hate doing/ hate to do讨厌做 三、动词＋doing和to do意义不同 forget doing 忘记做过某事 forget to do忘记去做某事（还未做） remember doing 记得做过某事（已经做过）remember to do记得要去做某事（还未做） stop doing=give up doing sth 停止做某事 stop to do停下来去做另一件事 try /try one’s best to do尽力做 need doing需要被做(主语指物) need to do 需要做（主语指人） 三四、动词＋to do allow sb to do 允许某人做某事 get sb. to do 让某人做某事 ask sb. to do 让某人做某事 tell sb. to do 让某人做某事 urge sb to do 争论做某事 want/would like sb. to do 想要做某事 encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人做某事 teach sb. to do 教某人做某事 train sb. to do 训练某人做某事 advise sb. to do 建议做人某事 lead sb. to do 领导某人做某事 mislead sb. to do误导某人做 invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 expect sb. to do期待某人做 remind sb. to do提醒某人做 (但remind sb of doing使某人想起做过某事) agree to do同意做
接不定式和动名词含义不同的动词 1. remember(记得)，forget(忘记)，regret(后悔)后接不定式指该不定式所表示的动作还未发生，后接动名词(有时可用完成式)，则指该动名词所表示的动作已经发生。比较。如：Remember to post the letter. 记住把这封信寄了。(“寄信”未发生) I remember posting the letter. 我记得寄了那封信。(“寄信”已发生) He forgot to pay me the money. 他忘记要给我付钱了。(“付钱”未发生) He forgot paying me the money. 他忘记曾给我付过钱。(“付钱”发生了) 2. try 后接不定式表示设法做某事，接动名词表示做某事试试(看有什么效果)。如： I’ll try to come tomorrow. 我明天设法来。 Let’s try knocking at the back door. 咱们敲敲后门试试。 3. mean 后接不定式表示打算(想要)做某事，接动名词表示意味着(要)做某事。如： He means to be a teacher. 他打算当老师。 He did not mean to hurt you. 他不是有意要伤害你。 This illness will mean going to hospital. 得了这种病就意味着要住院。 4. stop 后接动名词表示停止做某事，接不定式表示停下正在做的事去做另一事。如： He stopped speaking, and there was not a sound in the room. 他停止讲话，房里一点声音也没有了。 He stopped to listen, but there was no more sound. 他停下来听，但再也没有听到什么声音。 【注】后接不定式时，不定式不是宾语，而是目的状语。 5. can’t help后接动名词表示禁不住去做某事，接不定式表示不能帮助做某事。如： He couldn’t help crying when he heard the news. 他听到这个消息时禁不住哭了。 The medicine can’t help to get rid of your cold. 这药不能帮你治好感冒。 6. go on 后接不定式表示做完某事后接着做另一事，接动名词表示继续做正在做的事。如： You oughtn’t to go on living this way. 你不应该再这样生活下去了。 Go on to do the other exercises after you have finished this one. 做完这个练习后, 请接着做其他的练习。 【注】也人认为go on doing sth中的doing是现在分词而不是动名词。
动词不定式、动名词的用法和区别 动词不定式：动词不定式是由to + 动词原形构成，在句中起名词，形容词和副词的作用，可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。 1. 动词不定式作主语： To mast a language is not an easy thing. / To teach English is my favorite. 动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。 It's very kind of you to have given us much help. 2. 动词不定式作宾语： 某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask. I like to help others if I can. 3. 动词不定式作宾语补语。 We expect you to be with us. 我们希望你和我们在一起。/ Please ask him to come here quickly.请叫他快过来。 4. 动词不定式作表语： What I should do is to finish the task soon. / The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately. 5. 动词不定式作定语： There are many ways to solve the problem. / I have something important to tell you. 6. 不定式作状语： We went to the hospital to see our teacher. / She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet flower. 动词不定式的否定形式：not + to + 动词原形 The teacher told us not to swim in that river. 老师告诉我们不要在那条河里游泳。 It's unfair not to tell us. 没告诉我们真是不公平。 带疑问词的不定式： 疑问词who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面，构成不定式短语，使含义更加具体。Where to go is not known yet. I don't know when to begin.。 Can you tell me where to get the battery. Do you know how to get to the station. 带逻辑主语的不定式： 动词不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是：for + 逻辑主语+ 不定式。 注意：逻辑主语用宾格形式，for 本身无实际意义，它只表明后面的主语从逻辑上分析是不定式的主语。 It's necessary for us to help each other. / There are much work for me to finish, 动词不定式的被动形式：表示不定式动词同所修饰的名词是被动关系。 He is the man to be examined. 他是受检查的人。/ There are much work to be done. 有好多工作要做。 ●动名词 动名词是由动词原形+ ing 构成，同现在分词形式一样，在句中可作主语，宾语，表语和定语。 1) 动名词作主语： Talking like that is not polite. / Learning from others is important . / Putting on more clothes is not so good . （注：动名词可以象动词不定式一样，用it作形式主语，而把动名词写在后面做真正的主语。）It's no use waiting here, let's go home. / It's very difficult climbing this mountain. 2) 动名词作表语 The nurse's job is looking after the patients. 3)动名词作宾语 有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep. Please stop smoking in the house. / I like reading in the forest. / Do you mind my opening the windows? 4）动名词作定语 She is studying in the reading room. / He slept in the sleeping bag. （动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词） He pretend not knowing it at all. 他假装全然不知。/ We considered not doing it now. 我们考虑现在不做这件事。 动名词的被动形式：当动名词和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时，用动名词的被动形式来表示。）His being looked down upon made him sick. / I can't really stand being treated like that.
动名词作主语和动词不定式做主语的区别? 动词不定式与动名词的区别：）to+V 放句首为动词不定式，用法与V+ing差不多，多用于后面所说的事情还没有发生。例：To be a author is my dream. V+ing 放句首是动名词，其相当于名词，例：Doing lots of exercise is good for health. 一般来讲，to+ v. 表主动，表将来，表一次行动作。-ing 表主动，表进行。动词不定式与动名词的一些用法：）不定式与动名词都可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但用法不尽相同。1．作主语一般情况下,不定式与动名词作主语可以互换,也常常可以用it充当形式主语,而把不定式和动名词放在句子的后半部分。但二者也有区别,不定式常常指某次具体的、将要发生的行为;而动名词则表示一般的、抽象的行为。例如: To save money now is not easy. 现在攒钱不容易。Saving money is a good habit. 攒钱是个好习惯。2．作定语不定式多为后置定语,动名词多为前置定语;不定式多表示将来的动作,动名词只能表示事物的属性、用途等。例如: He is looking for a room to live in.他正在找一间房子去住。Take these sleeping pills and you\'ll sleep better. 吃了这种安眠药,你会睡得更好。3．作宾语：有些动词后只能跟不定式作宾语,不能跟动名词作宾语;有些动词后常跟动名词作宾语,不能跟不定式作宾语;有些动词后跟不定式和动名词作宾语皆可, 1、动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为，不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。例 如：Collecting inform ation about children’s health is his job. 收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。It’s necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。2、常用不定式做主语的句型有：（1）It’s difficult (important, necessary) for sb. to do （2）It’s kind (good, friendly, polite, careless, rude, cruel, clever, foolish, brave) of sb. to do. 3、常用动名词做主语的句型有：It’s no good (use, fun) doing. It’s (a) waste of time one’s doing.另:1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。It took me only five minutes to finish the job. Ⅰ.动名词和不定式做主语的相同点 1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用it来做形式主语，如： It is not easy to learn English well. It is no use asking him for help. 2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性,如: To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. (眼见为实) It is better to stay home than _A__ out. A. to go B. going C. go D. gone
常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结 .固定用法(非谓语动词)：以下是带to的动词不定式常见搭配 ★希望做某事hope to do sth. ★决定做某事decide to do sth. ★同意做某事agree to do sth. ★需要某人做某事need to do sth. ★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth ★迫不及待做某事can’t wait to do ★准备做某事get/be ready to do ★尽力/努力做某事try to do sth ★计划做某事plan to do sth. ★不得不have to do sth ★轮流做某事take one’s turns to do sth. ★拒绝做某事refuse to do sth. ★告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. ★请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth. ★希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. ★想要某人做某事want /would like sb.to do sth. ★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth. ★教某人做某事teach sb.to do sth. ★喜欢/想要某人做某事like sb.to do sth. ★帮助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help ★鼓励某人做某事encourage sb to do ★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 例句:It your turn to clean the blackboard. ★It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了 例句:It’s time for me to go home. ★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是…… （当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of） 例句: It is easy for me to learn it well. It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so. ★It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间 例句: takes me an hour to get to school by bike. took me an hour to watch TV last night. will take her two weeks to finish the work. ★too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太…..而不能 例: He was to angry to say a word. ★find/ think/ feel it +adj. to do sth.发现/认为/感到做某事是… 例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well. ★序数词+to do 第…..个做某事例句:Who is the first to get there
动词不定式语法单选题 【真题在线】 1. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears ________ everything. A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told 2. I feel it is your husband who ________ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame 3. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving ________ their products more competitive. A. to make B. making C. to have made D. having made 4. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered ________ clear warnings before firing any shots. A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued 5. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just ________ a look at the sports stars. A. had B. having C. to have D. have 6. Energy drinks are not allowed ________ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. A. to make B. to be made C. to have been made D. to be making 7. There is nothing more I can try ________ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade 8. If there's a lot of work ________, I'm happy to just keep on until it is finished. A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing 9. David threatened ________ his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid. A. to be reported B. reporting C. to report D. having reported 10. Thai is the only way we can imagine ________ the overuse of water in students' bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 11. Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but w e seem ________ the art of communicating face-to-face. A. losing B. to be losing C. to be lost D. having lost 12. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________ society for real-life experience. A. explore B. to explore C. exploring D. explored 【随堂检测】 (A)
动词不定式和动名词是英语非谓语动词的两个重要部分 一、作主语 1、不定式作主语：动词不定式可直接用作主语, 句子的谓语动词常用单数。 To get there by bike will take us half an hour. 对于主语较长的不定式，可以用it 作形式主语。例如： It's our duty to take good care of the old.How long did it take you to finish the work It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour. It seemed impossible to save money.It's kind of you to help me with my English. 2、动名词作主语：动名词也可直接用作主语，或者用it 作形式主语。例如： Learning without practice is no good.It's no good reading in dim light.It's no use sitting here waiting.It's dangerous swimming in the sea in windy days.There is no saying what will happen next. 3、动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1)不定式作主语经常表示具体动作，或者表示将要进行的动作。而动名词作主语经常表示 抽象的一般性的动作。例如：It's no good for you to eat so much fat. ( 有具体的人for you) It's no good eating too much fat. ( 泛指 ) (2) 不定式的逻辑主语常用 of, for 表示；动名词逻辑主语则常用物主代词、名词、代词表示。例如：It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says. (of you) It's no use your pretending that you didn't know the rules. (your) The doctor suggested them having their health check-up once a year. 二、作宾语 1、不定式作宾语 (1) 以下动词后 , 一般只用不定式作宾语 .如 :agree, attempt ， apply， ask, aim, arrange, beg ，choose, decide, demand, expect, fail , help, hope, lean, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish afford 等。 I decided to ask for my money back. I decided that I would ask for my money back. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start back on foot. (2)不定式可先用 it 做形式宾语。 2、动名词作宾语 (1)以下动词后 , 一般只用动名词作宾语 , 如 :admit, appreciate, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, save, suggest, don't mind, give up, insist, on, put off 等。 I suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside town. You must give up smoking, for it does too much harm to your health. (2)介词后只能接动名词做宾语 I should go to attend the birthday celebration instead of staying at home. What about inviting Li Jun to make a speech (3)少数特殊结构中只用动名词做宾语。它们可以看作是省略的介词的形式。例如： have difficulty prevent/stop (in) doing sth. have ? (from) doing sth. no trouble (in) doing sth.lose no ti me (in) there is no use (in) doing sth. doing sth. 3、不定式与动名词做宾语的区别 (1)动词后是接不定式还是动名词作宾语，主要是根据使用习惯。有些动词后一般只接不定
1. —What did you see just now? —I saw two _____ doctors _____ out of the house. A. women,come B. woman, came C. woman,coming D. women, to come 2. —_____ good news it is! The pandas are alive after the earthquake. —It’s so _____. A. What a, excited B. what, exciting C. How a, excited D. How, exciting 3. — Would you like to play table tennis with me? —I don’t feel like it. I would rather_____at home and watch TV. A stay B to stay C staying D stayed 4. She was surprised _____ me last night. A. to see B. see C. saw 5. —What's the matter? —I am having the trouble _____ who has taken my book. A. finding B. looking for C. finding out D. looking up 6. — What ______ news it was! — Yes, all of the children were _____. A. excited, exciting B. exciting, excited C. exciting, exciting D. excited, excited 7. — Why are you late? — My bike broke down. I had it _____. A. repaired B. repaires C. repair D. repairing 8. Colors can change our moods心情and make us _____ happy or sad, energetic or sleepy. A. to feel B. feeling C. felt D. feel 9. Would you mind _____ more slowly? I can’t follow you. A. speak B. spoke C. spoken D. speaking 10.It’s good habit _____ breakfast every day. A. had B. have C. has D. to have 11.Maria_____shy, but now she is quite outgoing. She has made lots of friends. A. was used to be B. is used to be C. was used to being D. used to be
不定式与动名词专题练习 1．I don't allow _____ in my drawing room. I don't allow my family _____ at all. A. smoking；to smoke B. to smoke；smoking C. to smoke；to smoke D. smoking；smoking 选A。allow要用动名词做宾语，用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 2．Your clothes need _____. A. washed B. to be washed C. to wash D. being washing 选B。need to be done相当于need doing, 表示被动语态。 3．This bike is not worthy _____. A. to be repaired B. of repairing C. to repair D. repairing 选A。be worthy to be done的意思是"某事值得被做"。 4．_____ provides us with essential nutrients, while _____ provides us with oxygen. A. To eat; breathing B. Ea ting; to breathe C. Eating; breathing D. Eaten; breathed 选C。while是并列连词，连接两个并列的动名词结构。 5．Rebecca was unhappy for _____ the first chance to go abroad. A. not having been given B. not having given C. not giving D. having been given 选A。not having been done是动名词的完成被动式的否定形式，表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，而且是被动的。 6．_____ is better to love than _____. A. That; to be loved B. That; be love C. It; be loved D. It; to be loved 选D。It在句中作形式主语；than连接两个并列的动词不定式。 7．I've got the loaf；now I'm looking for a bread knife _____. A. cutting it by B. cutting it with C. to cut it with D. to cut it by 选C。动词不定式作后置定语；with表示工具；by表示手段。 8．I'm glad _____ by him yesterday. A. not be seen B. to not have been seen C. not to have been seen D. not to have seen 选C。not to have been done是动词不定式的完成被动式的否定形式，表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。 9．-What do you think about English? -It's a difficult language _____. A. speaking B. to be spoken C. to speak D. spoken 选C。可以在不定式前加上for sb.作为逻辑主语，因此是主动的。 10．He would rather stay at home than _____ out with you. A. go B. to go C. going D. goes
动名词作主语和动词不定式做主语的区别？ 动词不定式与动名词的区别：）to+V放句首为动词不定式，用法与V+ing差不多，多用于 后面所说的事情还没有发生。例：To be a author is my dream. V+i ng 放句首是动名词，其 相当于名词，例：Doi ng lots of exercise is good for health. 一般来讲，to+ v.表主动，表 将来，表一次行动作。-ing表主动，表进行。动词不定式与动名词的一些用法：）不定 式与动名词都可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，但用法不尽相同。 1 ?作主语一般情 况下，不定式与动名词作主语可以互换，也常常可以用it充当形式主语，而把不定式和动名词放在句子的后半部分。但二者也有区别，不定式常常指某次具体的、将要发生的行为；而动名 词则表示一般的、抽象的行为。例如：To save money now is not easy. 现在攒钱不容易。 Savi ng mo ney is a good habit. 攒钱是个好习惯。 2 .作定语不定式多为后置定语，动名词 多为前置定语；不定式多表示将来的动作，动名词只能表示事物的属性、用途等。例如：He is look ing for a room to live in. 他正在找一间房子去住。Take these sleep ing pills and you\'ll sleep better.吃了这种安眠药，你会睡得更好。3 .作宾语：有些动词后只能跟不定式作宾语,不能跟动名词作宾语；有些动词后常跟动名词作宾语，不能跟不定式作宾语；有些动词后跟不定式和动名词作宾语皆可， 1、动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为，不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。例女口： Collect ing in formation about childre n ' s health is his jc收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。It ' s necessry to discuss the problem with an experieneed teacher. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。2、常用不定式做主语的句型有： （1） It ' s difficult （important，necessary） for sb. to do （2）It ' s kind （good，friendly，polite， careless，rude，cruel，clever，foolish，brave） of sb. to do. 3 、常用动名词做主语的句型 有: It ' s no good （use，fun） doing. It ' s （a） waste of time one 另：1）s动o名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smoking is prohibited（禁止）here .这里禁止抽烟。（抽象）It is not very good for you to smoke so much .你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。（具体）（2）动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climb ing mou ntai ns is interesting .爬山很有趣。（经验）Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring .在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。（经验）（3 ）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。It took me only five minu tes to finish the job. I .动名词和不定式做主语的相同点 1. 不定式短语和动名词做主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用it来做形式主语，如： It is not easy to learn English well. It is no use asking him for help. 2. 如果主语用了不定式，表语和宾语也要用不定式；主语用了动名词，表语和宾语也要用动名词，这在英语中称为对称性，如：