中考英语短语动词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)
一、短语动词
1．—Hey, Tom. ______ the waste paper and throw it into the bin. You can't throw it here.
—Sorry.
A. Take up
B. Pick up
C. Make up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：--- 你好，Tom。请捡起废纸，把它扔进垃圾桶。你不能把它扔在
这儿。--- 对不起。根据句意，结合短语区别：take up,占用时间，空间；pick up，捡起；make up，化妆，组成。故答案为： B.
2．Joe has caused many problems and his dad can't ______ good ways to solve his trouble.
A. come up with
B. catch up with
C. work out
D. write down
【答案】 A
赶上“；work out”解决“；write down”【解析】【分析】come up with”想出“；catch up with”
写下来“。句意为：Joe惹出许多麻烦，他的爸爸想不出方法来解决他的麻烦。”想出方法“用come up with，故选A。
【点评】考查短语动词的辨析。
3． I would rather _____ hiking than _____ swimming.
A. to go , to go
B. going, going
C. go ,go
D. go, going
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:我宁愿去徒步旅行也不愿去游泳。本句中考查的句型是would rather do sth. than do sth.，宁愿做……也不愿做……，两部分中都用动词的原形。故选C。【点评】考查动词。
4．— Do you think my classmates will laugh at me?
— Maybe. But I think you are right.
A. go out with
B. make friends with
C. make jokes about
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——你觉得我的同学们在嘲笑我吗？——也许是，但是我觉得你
是对的。laugh at嘲笑；go out with和……出去；与……约会；make friends with与……交朋友；make jokes about开……的玩笑。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
5．Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and which university is the best for her to attend.
A. put out
B. stay out
C. find out
D. run out
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：蒂娜来中国是为了体验中国文化，查出哪所大学最适合她。A：put out 熄灭；B：stay out不回家；C：find out查出；D：run out用完。根据which university is the best for her to attend，可知要查出哪所大学适合她，故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语的辨析。理解短语的意思，根据语境选择正确的动词短语。
6．一 Can you guess when the story took place?
一 In 1990, right?
A. was written
B. happened
C. ended
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——你能猜猜这个故事发生在什么时候吗？——在1990年，对吗？take place发生；was written被写；happen发生；end结束。故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
7．一 Bob isn't at home. Then where is he?
一 Sorry I have no idea where he's gone.
A. don't know
B. remember
C. don't care
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——Bob不在家，那么他在哪儿呢？——对不起，我不知道他去哪
儿了。have no idea不知道。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语。
8．We must plant more trees after we _______ every year.
A. cut off them
B. cut them off
C. cut down them
D. cut them down
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须每年在砍掉树木之后种植更多的树。cut off切断；cut down砍倒。根据前文的trees可知砍伐树木用cut down，作宾语的代词them应放在cut 与副词down之间，故答案为D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析及动词短语的用法：“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语时，代词放在动词后副词前
9．How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get there before the plane_________.
A. ran off
B. went off
C. took off
D. set off
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：我多么希望能多睡会。然而我必须在飞机起飞之前赶到那儿。 A. ran off 逃跑；B. went off离开；C. took off 脱下（衣服，鞋袜等），（飞机）起飞； D. set off出发，动身。根据句意是飞机起飞，故答案为C。
【点评】考查短语动词：take off（飞机）起飞
10．—Could we the arriving time for school to 8:00 am, Mr. Li?
—You mean 7:30 is a little earlier? Let's discuss it with the headmaster.
A. find out
B. give up
C. put off
D. cut out
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——李先生，我们可以将到校时间推迟到早上八点吗？——你意思是7点半早了一点吗？那么我们和校长一起商量一下吧。 A.弄明白；B.放弃；C.推迟；D.切断。由于觉得7点半有的早，所以将时间推迟到8点，故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意find out，give up，put off和cut out的词义和用法。11．Don't waste water the river and the lake.
A. put; into
B. pour; in
C. pour; into
D. put; to
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：不要把废水倒到河里和湖里。pour……into把……倒入；put……into 把……放在……里。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语。
12．The company wants to a school for the poor children．
A. put off
B. set up
C. call in
D. look after
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司想为贫困儿童建一所学校。put off推迟；延期；set up 建立；call in召集；打电话；look after照顾。故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
13．As a kind of important energy, coal（煤炭） can _______ one day.
A. keep out
B. run out
C. be run out
D. run out of
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】短语run out意为“用完，耗尽（主语是物）”，keep out“阻止……进入”，用完……东西（主语是人）”；选项C是被动形式，其后应加介词of，故选B。
run out of “
14．--- Are you going to have a part time job during the summer vacation?
--- Yes. I think I shouldn't always ______ my parents since I've grown up.
A. fight against
B. argue with
C. hear from
D. depend on
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：——你暑假要做兼职吗？——是的，我认为既然我已经长大了，
我不应该总是依靠父母。depend on依靠；取决于；fight against与……打架；argue with与
某人争论；hear from收到……来信。故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
15．I'll go to visit your uncle as soon as I Beijing.
A. get to
B. will get to
C. got to
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：我一到北京就去看望你的叔叔。主句是一般将来时，as soon as引
导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。故选A。
【点评】此题考查一般将来时的用法，注意记忆as soon as 引导的时间状语从句一般现在
时表将来和固定词组的用法。
16．— Can I ______ a few minutes of yours to talk about how to deal with the old books?
— Sure.
A. set up
B. open up
C. take up
D. put up
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——我能占用你几分钟的时间谈谈如何处理旧问题吗？——当然
可以。A创立，B开通，C占据，D建造，根据 a few minutes，可知是占用时间，故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据 a few minutes的语境选择合适的用法。
17．May Day is on the way. Many shops have huge posters with the word “SALE”.
A. put on
B. put up
C. put away
D. put off
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：五一节就要到了，许多商店都贴上了写着"促销"巨幅海报。A. put
on穿上；B. put up张贴；C. put away放好；D. put off推迟。结合句意和语境可知，应该是
"张贴"。故答案为B。
【点评】考查短语动词。熟练掌握短语的意义和用法。
18．— Did you have fun camping on that hill?
— Actually not. It's not easy to find a suitable place to _______ our tents.
A. give up
B. put up
C. turn up
D. stay up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——你在山上野营玩得开心吗？——实际上不是。找一个合适的
地方搭帐篷是不容易的。 A. give up放弃；B. put up张贴; 举起，建造； C. turn up出现; 翻起; 开大；D. stay up熬夜。搭帐篷用put up tents表示。结合句意，故答案为B。
【点评】考查短语动词。掌握短语的意义和用法。
19．According to my brother, fishing is an excellent hobby to_______.
A. pick up
B. take up
C. put up
D. turn up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：根据我哥哥的说法，钓鱼是可以从事的一种非常优秀的爱好。
A.pick up捡起；
B.take up从事；
C.put up张贴；
D.turn up出现。根据take up a hobby从事一种爱好，故答案为B。
【点评】考查短语动词。牢记动词短语。
20．—Mum, shall I leave today's homework till tomorrow?
—Better not, dear. Never ___________ what you can do today till tomorrow.
A. put on
B. put out
C. put off
D. put up
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，我要把尽头的作业留到明天吗？——最好不要，亲爱的。不要把今天能做的事留到明天。put on穿上，put out扑灭；put off推迟，put up张贴，我们不能把今天的事推迟到明天是常识，故选C。
【点评】此题考查动词短语。注意每个短语的意思。
21．—Have they thought of ways to solve the problem?
—Yes. They have suggestions of their own.
A. come up with
B. had no idea for
C. cancelled out
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——他们已经想出了解决问题的方法了吗？——是的。他们已经
想出了他们自己的建议。 A. 想出，B. 没有主意， C. 取消，根据thought of, 想出，和Yes, 根据Yes，可知应该是已经想出建议，故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语。根据语境选出合适的选项，牢记这些短语。
22．—Which one do you like best at the fair?
— The monitoring instrument invented by a teenager.
A. made…by hand
B. made…for the first time
C. made…for me
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——在展览会上你最喜欢哪一个？——被一个青少年发明的健康
设备。invent：发明，也就是第一次被制作，make ··· for the first time，故选B。
【点评】考查近义词。根据划线词和语境找出意义相同的选项，选出正确答案。
23．—The government will focus on solving the problem of heavy burdens on the students.
—That's good news for us. We have too much work to do after school.
A. give a hand to
B. give attention to
C. take part in
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——政府会集中精力解决学生们的重负问题。——那对我们来说
是一个好主意。我们放学后不得不做太多的作业。根据语境可知focus on：把焦点放在······，也就是注意，关注，give attention to, give a hand to: 帮助，take part in: 参加，故选
B。
【点评】考查短语动词。根据语境选出和划线词意思相近的短语，确保句子通顺。
24．—Mum, I think I need a bigger room.
—You should throw away your old toys. They have _______ too much space.
A. taken up
B. taken place
C. taken off
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，我认为我需要一个更大的房间。——你应该扔掉你的
旧玩具。它们已经占据了太多的空间。 A. 占据，B. 发生，C. 脱掉，起飞，根据 throw away your old toys可知要扔掉旧玩具，是因为旧玩具占了太多空间，故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语。根据语境选出合适的选项，熟记短语，并能熟练运用。
25．I'm afraid I can't go swimming with you, because I have to _______ my little brother at home A. look for B. make fun of C. care for
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：恐怕我不能和你一起去游泳，因为我不得不在家照顾我的小弟
弟。A. 寻找，B. 嘲笑，C. 照顾，根据语境，不能一起去游泳，应是为了照顾弟弟，故选
C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。首先读懂句意，然后选出合适的短语，确保句子通顺。
26．—The boys were crazy when Spiderman came along at the parade in the Universal Studio.
—Of course they were. You know, Spiderman was always those boys' favourite.
A. made a speech
B. disappeared
C. showed up
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：当蜘蛛侠在环球工作室的游戏队伍中出现时，男孩们都疯狂了。
——当然他们会疯狂。你知道，蜘蛛侠总是那些男孩的最爱。根据语境可知男孩疯狂是因
为蜘蛛侠出现， A. 演讲，B. 消失，C. 出现，根据语境故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语。根据句意找出近义词，牢记这些短语动词。
27．I have a poor memory so I have to ______ my phone number book every time I want to make a call.
A. look up
B. look at
C. look for
D. look over
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：我的记忆力很差，所以每次我想打电话的时候都要查一下电话号
码簿。A. look up查找，查询； B. look at看；C. look for寻找；D. look over，检查，查看。
根据句意可知这里是查询的意义，故答案为A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解句意，牢记动词短语意义和用法。
28．Kelly doesn't _______ her mother at all. Her mother has a round face while Kelly has a square face.
A. look after
B. think about
C. take after
D. worry about
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：Kelly一点都不嫌你个她的母亲，她妈妈有一个圆的脸而Kelly有一个方的脸。 A.look after照顾，B.think about考虑，C.take after长得像，D.worry about担心。根据后句话提到她妈妈和她不像，可知空缺处填入长起来像，take after，故选C。
【点评】考查了短语动词，注意take after的用法。
29．It's very hot. But I think it's impolite to _____ your clothes in public.
A. set off
B. turn off
C. take off
D. get off
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：天气虽然很热。但我认为当众脱衣服是不礼貌的。 A. set off 动身；B. turn off 关上；C. take off 脱掉；D. get off 下车。根据 it's impolite to 可知是脱衣服，
故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据 it's impolite to的语境选择合适的用法。
30．Jack is dishonest. He always some excuses for doing something wrong.
A. makes up
B. sets up
C. takes up
D. picks up
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：Jack不诚实，他总是编造一些理由为他做的错事。make up 编造；set up建立；take up拿起，从事，占据；pick up拾起，捡起，接某人。根据句意Jack is dishonest可知应选A。