A
An abridged translation节译本
Absorb what is good and reject what is bad; absorb the essence and reject the dross; select the refined and discard the crude 取其精华，弃其糟粕
Abstract thinking ( thought ) 抽象思维
Academic community 学术界
An academic thesis 学术论文
Accommodate something to circumstances; accommodation 变通
Be well cultured in literature 有文学修养
Artistically accomplished 有艺术修养
A man of considerable culture 文化修养很高的人
Accurate comprehension 正确的理解
Accurate comprehension and adequate representation 准确的理解与适切的表达
Accurateness, smoothness and promptness 准、顺、快（口译标准）
Accurate representation 准确的再现
Achieve spiritual similarity by departing from the original form 离形得神
Acquisition （语言）习得
Adapted translation; corrected version; improved version 改译
Adequate representation适切表达
Advance from the realm of necessity to the realm of freedom 从必然王国走向自由王国
Aesthetic appreciation 审美（统觉）
Aesthetic perception 审美感知
Aesthetic taste 审美趣味
Agreement with; tally with; correspond to; accord with 契合
Alienation; dissimilation 异化
All blend into one harmonious whole; an integrated whole; a unified entity; one integrated mass 浑然一体
Alliteration 双声，头韵
Alternating interpretation 交替翻译
Amplification 增词法
Annotation 阐释法
Antithesis 对照；对仗；对偶
Applied translatology 应用翻译学
Appreciate one’s thought; take one’s meaning 心领神会
Appropriateness and creativeness 得体与创新
Areas of study 研究方向
Art of translation 翻译艺术
Artistic charm 艺术魅力
Artistic conception 意境；气韵
Automatic translation 自动翻译
B
Barely know the rudiments of writing 粗通文墨
Basic meaning 基本意义
Basic norms of translation 翻译的基本标准
Basic patterns of translation theory 翻译理论的基本模式
Beauties of nature 自然美
Beautiful in words but poor in contents 文过其实
Beauty-in-itself 自在之美
Beauty of art 艺术美
Binary translation 一对一翻译
Business translation 事务翻译
Boundary science 边缘科学
Breadth of thinking 思考广度
Break new ground 创新
Brilliant exposition 精辟论述
Bring out the beauty of the original in sense, in sound and in form 传达原文的意美、音美和形美Broken English 蹩脚英语；不标准英语
Buddhist learning 佛学
C
Catch-word 名言；流行语
Catering for public taste 投合众好
Central meaning ( thought) 中心意义（思想）
Ceremony interpretation 礼仪翻译
China hand; an old China hand; Sinologue 中国通Closest natural equivalent 最切近的自然的译文
Cloudy idea 模糊的观念
Comprehension and expression 理解与表达
Colloquial standard 标准口语
Combination 合译法
Communicative approach 交际翻译
Compilative translation 编译
Covert translation 隐性翻译
Conference interpreter 会议翻译
Conscientious and responsible translator 认真负责的译者Consecutive interpretation 连续翻译
Content and from 内容与形式
Contextual restriction 语境限制
Conversion between parts of speech 词性转换
Convey the beauty of the original 传原文之美
Convey the spirit 传神
Correct approach to translation 翻译的正确途径Corresponding English version 相应的英语译文
Co-translation 合作翻译
Creation and treason 创造与叛逆
Creative treason 创造性叛逆
Cross-cultural communication 跨文化交际Crystallization 结晶
Cultural diffusion 文化传播
Cultural translation 文化翻译
Cultural untranslatability 文化不可译
Culturally-loaded 文化内涵丰富的
Culture-bound 文化束缚
Culture broker 文化沟通者
Culture gap 文化沟
Culture shock 文化冲击
D
Dead translation 死译
Dead word 废弃词
Descriptive translation 描述性翻译
Divorce of theory from practice 理论与实践相脱离Doctor of translatology 翻译学博士
Doctoral supervisor of translation 翻译学博士生导师Doctorial hat 博士帽
Doctorial (doctoral) student 博士生
Doctoral supervisors 博士生导师
Doctoral supervisor of English and literature 英语语言文学博士生导师Doctorate; doctor’s degre e 博士学位
E
Eidos 文化形象
Elegance 雅
Elementary transformation 基本转换
Eminent monk 高僧
Emotive function 移情功能
Emotive language 情绪语言
Emphatic sentence pattern 强调句型
Enciphering 译成密码
Enculturation 文化熏染
End-weight 句尾中心
Entailment 含义；蕴涵
Enter into the spirit of the character 进入角色
Equal face-value 文字表面意义的等值
Equivalence 对等；等值
Equivalent 对等语
Essential difference 本质区别
Establish Chinese translatology 建立中国翻译学
Etymology 词源学；语源学
Every translation involves loss 所有的翻译均有损失
Exact equivalent 精确对等语
Excellent in both content and language 词情并茂；情文并茂Exoticism; exotic flavor 异国情调；异国风味
Expert translator; an expert in translation 翻译家Expressive function 表达功能
Expressiveness 表现力
Extension; extending; expanding 引申；词义扩大Extracultural 超文化的
Extralinguistic feature 超语言特征
F
Factual meaning 真实意义
Faithfulness and smoothness 忠实通顺
Fidelity 信
Figurative expression 比喻用法
First-grade translator 译审
Flight of ideas 思维奔逸
Flowery language 华丽的辞藻
Fluent and intelligible 通顺易懂
Foot 音步
Footnote 脚注
Foregrounding 前景化；突出
Formal beauty 形态美
Formal equivalence 形式对等
Free translation 意译
Functional equivalence 功能对等
Fuzzy language 模糊语言
Fuzzy beauty 模糊美
G
General theory of translation 普通翻译理论
General translatology 普通翻译学
Gesture language 体态语言
Get the kernel of the problem 抓住问题的核心
Get (put) one’s ideas into shape理清思路
Give full play to the superiority of the target language 充分发挥译语优势
Graduate admission examination; Graduate Record Examination (GRE) 研究生资格考试Graduate degree 研究生学位
Grammaticality 合乎语法
Great master of translation 翻译大家
Guide interpretation 导游翻译
H
Habitual ways of expression 表达习惯
Han people 汉族
Happy translation 得体的翻译
Have substance in speech 言之有物
Head word 中心词
Headed construction 中心结构
Heterology 异质
Heterotranslation 异态翻译
Higher education 高等教育
Higher teacher education 高等师范教育
Holistic perspective 整体观
Human mental development 人的心理发展
Human nature; humanity 人性
Humanism 人文主义
Humanities 人文学科
The humanities; humane studies; humanistics 人文科学Humanization 人性化
Hypotaxis 主从结构
I
Ideological content 思想内容
Ideological level 思想境界
Ideological line 思想路线
Ideological system 思想体系
Ideological trend 思想动向
Idiomatic 成语性的，惯用的
Idiomatic translation 地道的译文
Imaginative power; imagination 想象力
Image-rendering; rendition of images 形象翻译
Incompatible with reason; unreasonable 不合情理
Individual character; personality 个性
Individual style 个人风格
Information distortion 信息歪曲
Information focus 信息焦点
Information interpretation 宣传翻译
Information dissemination 信息传播
Information equivalence 信息等价
Information science 信息科学
Information theory 信息论
Inner life 精神生活
Institutes of higher learning; colleges and universities 高等院校Intellectual product 精神产品
Intellectual property 知识产权
Intension 内涵
Interdisciplinary subjects 交叉学科
Interlingual communication 不同语言间信息传递，语际交际Interlinear translation 死译
Internal world; subjective world 主观世界
Interpreters’ booth 同声传译室
Interpersonal function 人际功能
Intersemiotic translation 符际翻译
Intralingual translation 语内翻译
Intuitive thinking 直觉思维
In view of the foregoing 鉴于以上
It stands to reason 言之成理
It is unnecessary to go into details 无庸赘述
J
Juxtaposition 并置；并列
K
Kernel sentences 核心句
Key university 重点大学
Know and change the objective world 认识、改造客观世界L
Language features 语言特色
Language of image 形象语言
Language style 语言风格
Law of the unity of opposites 对立统一规律
Leading figures 带头人
Legitimate translation 合格的译文
Let the eye travel over the great scenes and let fancy free 游目驰怀Level of education 文化程度
Lexical equivalence 词汇等值
Liaison interpreter 联络翻译
Liberal education 通才教育
Like nature itself 浑然天成
Limits of translatability 可译限度
Linguistic circle 语言学界
Linguistic competence 语言能力
Linguistic form 语言形式
Literary translation 文学翻译
Literary and art circles; the world of literature and art 文艺界Literary grace (talent) 文采
Literary value 文学价值
Loss and skewing of the cultural images 文化意象的失落与歪曲Lower levels or layers of meaning 低层语义
M
Machine-aided translation 机助翻译
Machine translation 机器翻译
Master’s degre e programs; graduate programs (specialties) 硕士点Material civilization 物质文明
Matter-of-fact attitude 实事求是态度
Maximum translation 极量翻译
Medio-translatology 译介学
Mental translation 心译
Method of dun replacing the metric feet 以顿代步
Military interpreter 军事翻译
Mistranslation 错译，误译
Misty poetry 朦胧诗
Mutual creation between the factual and the imaginary 虚实相生
N
National character 民族性格
National mentality 民族心理
Naturalism 自然主义
Negotiation interpretation 会议翻译
Neologism 新词
Non-literary translation 非文学翻译
Notes on poet and poetry 诗话
O
Official version 正式译本
Officialese 官腔文体
One-many correspondence 一多对应
One-one relation 一一关系
One-sided view 片面性观点
Original author 原作者
Original version 原译
Overloaded translation 超载翻译
Over-representation 过分表达
P
Paradigm 范式，聚合体
Paradigmatic and Syntagmatic 纵聚合与横组合Parallel construction 平行结构
Paraphrase 释义，意译
Parataxis 省略连词，意合法
Parody 仿拟
Partial translation 部分翻译
Part-whole relation 部分与整体关系
Periodic sentence 掉尾句
Phatic function 交感功能，交际功能
Philology 语文学
Poetic circle 诗坛
Poetic interest 诗味
Pointless argument 无谓的争论
Polarization 极化
Positive connection 必然联系
Practicalness 实践性
Principal contradiction 主要矛盾
Principle of translatability 可译性原则
Program in Chinese as a foreign language 对外汉语专业Proper name 专有名称
Prototype 原型
Provincial standard 地方标准
Q
Quote remarkable passages and cull model sentences 引章摘句Quotation, quoted passage 引文
R
Random talk 漫谈
Random translation 乱译
Rational knowledge 理性知识
Reader-centered translation 读者为中心的翻译
Realm of freedom 自由王国
Recasting 重构
Recreation 再创造
Reference book 工具书
Reference version 参考译文
Relevance theory 关联理论
Required course; compulsory course 必修课
Research centre 研究中心
Research fellow 研究员
Restricted translation 有限翻译
Retrospective translation 后顾式翻译
Retain the original images 保留原文形象
Retranslate 重译
Romantic charm 神韵
Romantic color 浪漫主义色彩
S
Science of translation 翻译科学
Scientific personnel 科研人员
Scientific research 科学研究
Secondary specialized education 中等专业教育
Secondary specialized school; specialized high school 中等专业学校
Seek truth 探求真理
Semantic approach 语义翻译法
Semantic translation 语义翻译
Sense of creation 创造意识
Sense perception 感觉，知觉
Sentence-for-sentence translation 句句对译
Sight interpretation 视译
Significant; signifier 能指
Signified 所指
Similarity in form，meaning and spirit 形似、意似、神似Simultaneous interpretation 同声翻译
Sinologist; Sinologue 汉学家
Social meaning 社会意义
Social mentality 社会心理
Speech act 语言行为
Stale phrase 陈腐的词句
Style of translating 译笔；译风
Subject consciousness 主体意识
Subjective feeling 主观感受
Subjectivism 主观主义
Subjectivity 主体性
Sudden enlightenment 顿悟
Surface meaning 表层含义
T
Target language 目的语
Technique of expression 表现手法Terminology 术语学
Theoretical level 理论水平
Theories of communication 传播学
Theory divorced from practice 理论脱离实际Theory of human nature 人性论
Theory of literature and art 文艺理论Thinking organs 思维器官
Thinking set 思维定势
Thought pattern; thinking model 思维模式Thread of ideas in writing 文思
Total translation 完全翻译
Traditional translation theory 传统翻译理论Translated literature 翻译文学Translatology 翻译学
Translationese 翻译腔
Truth, goodness and beauty 真、善、美
U
Undertranslation and overtranslation 欠额翻译与过度翻译
Unity of thinking 思想一致
Unity of content and form 内容与形式的统一
Untranslatability is absolute while translatability is relative 不可译是绝对的，而可译是相对的V
Value of human life 人生价值
W
Whispering interpreting 耳语翻译
Wonderful both in form and in spirit 形神兼备
Word-for-word translation 字字对译
Wordsmith 能言善辩者
Work of high order 上乘译品
Writing mirrors the writer文如其人
Written translation 笔译
Wrong choice of words 措辞不当
Z
Zero translation 零翻译
Zoosemy 拟物
英语翻译重点词汇词组 fellow countrymen 同胞 militarist军阀 Chinese Communist Party 党组织 the Grand Canal （京杭）大运河Industrial Revolution 工业革命dawn to dark从早到晚 especially English 具有英国特征的cottage industry 农村手工业 Indian summer 最后的余辉 stock-raising 畜牧业 Homestead Act 宅地法 wild west 西部荒原 the gold rush 淘金热 basic occupation 基础产业Department of Agriculture 农业部门the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲 coastal erosion 水土流失Mediterranean climate 地中海型气候surveyor general 测量总监sovereign nation 主权国家aggregate output 总产量 coastal area 沿海地区 telephone connections 电话用户economic well-being 生活水平 two way trade 双向贸易 lucrative export market 出口市场
foreign exchange 外汇 sum total 总数 per capita 人均 GNP 国民生产总值 joint ventures 合资企业 net income 净收入 world investment system世界投资体系 the stock of foreign investment 外资存量 英语翻译重点词汇（２） major economy 经济大国 the stimulus, the technology and the funding 动力、技术和资金international trade and investment 国际贸易和投资 popular science 科普读物Arctic seas 北冰洋 vegetable oil 植物油 mineral oil煤油 internal combustion engine内燃机 warfare on land and sea 陆战和海战 minute sea creatures and plants 微小的海洋动植物 crude oil 原油 sedimentary rocks 沉积岩 pitch lake 沥青湖 superhighway 高速公路 living organism 生物体 applied entomology 应用昆虫学 environmental Law环保法 wildlife 野生生物
Lecture 2 Basic Concepts in Translatology 翻译学基本用语： 源语/译出语source language(SL), original language 译语/译入语target language(TL), receptor language, receiving language 原作者SL author, original author 译者(笔译者)translator 译者(口译者)interpreter 读者/接受者reader, receptor, audience 文本text 原文/原著source text (ST), SL text, original text, original version/original work 译文target text, translation, target version, rendering, rendition 译本/译著translated text/translational work 源语读者source-language reader/SL reader 源语文化source-language culture/source culture 译语读者target-language reader/TL reader/receiving audience 译语文化target-language culture/target culture/receiving
culture 语境context 笔译written translation 口译oral interpretation/oral translation/interpreting 同声传译simultaneous interpreting 交替口译consecutive interpreting 翻译原则translation principle 标准translation criterion (复数形式为criteria) 翻译过程translation process 翻译程序/步骤translation procedures 反应/读者反应response/reader’s response 对应(部分对应/完全对应)(partial /full )correspondence 等值/对等equivalence 对等物(词语)equivalent 形式对等formal equivalence 功能对等functional equivalence 动态对等dynamic equivalence 等效equivalent effect 充分性adequacy 可接受性acceptability(acceptable, unacceptable, unacceptability) 可读性readability(readable)
Unit3 Traffic Vocabulary Development [P80-81] A: 1.They asked him to leave. In other words, he was fired. 他们让他离开。换句话说，他被解雇了。 2.The United Nations troops enforced a ceasefire in this area. 联合国军队在这片区域实行了停火。 “实行”修改成“执行”，“停火”修改成“停火协议” 联合国军队在这片区域执行停火协议。 3.The amount will be paid to everyone regardless of whether they have children or not. 无论他们是否有孩子，金额都将支付给每个人。 “金额无法支付” 无论他们是否有孩子，支付给每个人的金额是相同的。 4.Your paper does not address the real issues. 你的论文没有解决主要的问题。 5.How many vehicles were involved in the crash yesterday? 昨天的车祸有多少辆车相撞。 “相撞”修改成“涉及” 昨天的事故涉及多少辆车。 6.She felt an anxiety bordering on hysteria. 她感到焦虑接近歇斯底里的状态。 7.The new technology can be applied to farming. 新的技术能够应用于农业。 8.What do these results suggest to you? 你对这些结果有什么意见? “意见”修改成“建议” 这些结果对你有怎样的建议？ 9.He has six previous convictions for theft and burglary. 他有六个前科有关于偷盗和入室抢劫的前科。 删除了结尾的前科（重复的名词） 他有六个前科有关于偷盗和入室抢劫。
翻译的英语单词 翻译是在准确、通顺的基础上，把一种语言信息转变成另一种语言信息的行为。翻译是将一种相对陌生的表达方式，转换成相对熟悉的表达方式的过程。那么你知道翻译的英语单词是什么吗?下面来学习一下吧。 翻译英语单词1： translate 翻译英语单词2： interpreter 翻译的英语例句： 女孩们等待埃施先生作翻译。 The girls waited for Mr Esch to translate. 人们很难翻译幽默或笑话。 You really can 't translate humor or jokes. 逐字翻译不一定最接近原义。 A literal translation is not always the closest to the original meaning. 我认为她对这篇文章的翻译要比他强的多。 I think her translation of the article is much better than his. 你能把这句话翻译成英语吗?
Can you translate the sentence into English? 我不太满意他对这个句子的翻译。 I'm not satisfied with his interpretation of this sentence. 我正在逐字的翻译。 I am making a verbal translation. 我给你当翻译。 I'll act as interpreter for you. 要不要我来帮你翻译? Would you like me to interpret for you? 被翻译成英语的爱尔兰童话故事 Irish fairytales that had been translated into English 在你们的合同中已订定有可能要翻译这本书。 The possibility of the book being translated is provided for in your contract. 受控语言加机器翻译就是受控翻译。 Machine translation plus controlled language is called controlled translation. 这部书已经翻译成多种语言。 This book has been translated into several languages. 翻译诗歌在许多情况下都是困难的。 It's often difficult to translate poems.
2019英语六级翻译重点词汇 一、经济类 总需求aggregate demand 总供给aggregate supply 企业文化corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企业形象corporate image (Cl); enterprise image 跨国公司cross-national corporation 创业精神enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 外资企业foreign-funded enterprise 猎头公司head-hunter 假日经济holiday economy 人力资本human capital 航空和航天工业aerospace industry 飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业electronic industry 汽车制造工业car industry 娱乐业entertainment industry 信息产业information industry 知识密集型产业knowledge-intensive industry 国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业light industry 博彩业lottery industry 制造业manufacturing industry 垄断行业monopoly industries 市场多元化market diversification 市场经济market economy 市场监管market supervision 购买力purchasing power 熊市bear market 牛市bull market 城镇化urbanization 房地产real estate 首付down-payment 业主home owner 个人购房贷款individual housing loan 经济全球化economic globalization 经济特区special economic zones (SEZ) 经济增长economic growth 泡沫经济bubble economy 关税tariff纳税人tax payer 宏观经济macro economy 货币投放量the size of money supply 流动性过剩excess liquidity 经济过热overheated economy
human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through language we share experience, values, exchange ideas, transmit knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to sense of reality by giving meaning to events. 在人类所有的创造中，语言也许是影响最为深远的。我们用语言来分享经验，表达(传递？)价值观，交换想法，传播知识，传承文化。事实上，对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。和通常所认为的不同的是，语言并不只是简单地反映现实，语言在具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。——语序的调整。 Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker?s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately. 好的演讲者对语言很重视，也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。词语是演讲者演讲的重要“武器”，具有特殊的用途，这和任何其他的工作技艺没什么两样。作为演讲者，必须知道词语的具体含义，也要懂得如何做到用词准确、清晰、生动、适当。 Using language accurately is as vital to a speaker as using numbers accurately to a accountant. Never use a word unless you are sure of its meaning. If you are not sure, look up the word in the dictionary. As you prepare your speeches, ask yourself constantly, “What do I really want to say? What do I really mean?” Choose words that are precise and accurate. 演讲者准确地使用语言和会计准确使用数字是一样重要的。确定词意后再措词。如果不确定，请先查词典。当你在准备演讲的时候，要不断地问自己：“我到底要说什么？我到底想表达什么意思？”用词一定要精准。 Using language clearly allows listeners to grasp your meaning immediately. You can ensure this [by using familiar words （that are known to the average person and require no specialized background）; by choosing concrete words in preference to more abstract ones, and by eliminating verbal clutter]. 用词清晰可以让听众迅速理解你的意思（抓到你的点）。要做到这一点，就要尽量使用一般人都熟悉的不需要专业知识就能懂的词语；多用具象词汇少用抽象词汇；还有要减少口误。 Using language vividly helps bring your speech to life. One way (to make your speech vivid)|is through imagery，or the creation of word pictures. You can develop imagery by using concrete language, simile, and metaphor. Simile is an explicit comparison between things （that are essentially different yet have something in common）; it always contains the words “like”or “as”. Metaphor is an impli cit comparison between things that are different yet have something in common; it does not contain the words “like” or “as”. 生动地用词能让演讲鲜活起来！比喻，这种能产生文字图像的修辞，可以使演讲达到生动的效果。比喻要用具象的语言，分为明喻和隐喻。 明喻是指在本质上有区别但仍然有相同点的事物之间做一个明确的比较，一般句中会含有“像”或“似”。隐喻则是一种隐藏的比较，不会出现like 和as 这些连接词。 Another way to make your speeches vivid is by exploiting the rhythm of language. Four devices for creating rhythm are parallelism, repetition, alliteration, and antithesis. Parallelism is the similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases, or sentences. Repetition is the use of the same word or set of words at the beginning or end of successive clauses or sentences. Alliteration comes from repeating the initial constant sounds of close or adjoining words. Antithesis is the juxtaposition of
1.point and click (鼠标）点击 2.integrated circuit 集成电路 3.online transactions 网上交易 https://www.doczj.com/doc/2e8398877.html,puter monitor 电脑显示器 5. projector 投影仪 6. screen saver 电脑保护系统 7. virtual currency 虚拟货币 8. computerized system 计算机系统 9. internet distance learning 网络远程教育 10. anti-virus programs 杀毒软件 11. bar code 条形码 12. cordless telephone 无线电话 13. cyberspace 网络空间 14. desktop 桌面，台式机 15. digital television 数字电视 16. video camera 摄像机 17. electronic hearing aid 电子助听器 18. fiber optic technology 光纤技术 19. firewall 防火墙 20. genetic engineering 基因工程 21. hacker 黑客 22. intelligent system 智能系统 23. it-industry 信息产业 24. minicomputer 小型计算机 25. multimedia learning system 多媒体学习系统 26. palmtop 掌上电脑 27. password 密码，口令 28. software package 软件包 29. solar collector 太阳能集热器 30. terminal 终端 文化教育词汇 1. educational background 教育背景 2. educational history 学历 3. curriculum 课程 4. major 主修 5. minor 未成年的；次要的；较小的未成年人副修 6. educational highlights 课程重点部分 7. specialized courses 专业课 8. social practice 社会实践 9. part-time jobs 兼职 10. extracurricular activities 课外活动 11. recreational activities 娱乐活动 12. academic activities 学术活动
fellow countrymen 同胞 militarist军阀 Chinese Communist Party 党组织 the Grand Canal （京杭）大运河 Industrial Revolution 工业革命 dawn to dark从早到晚 especially English 具有英国特征的 cottage industry 农村手工业 Indian summer 最后的余辉 stock-raising 畜牧业 Homestead Act 宅地法 wild west 西部荒原 the gold rush 淘金热 basic occupation 基础产业 Department of Agriculture 农业部门 the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲 coastal erosion 水土流失 Mediterranean climate 地中海型气候 surveyor general 测量总监 sovereign nation 主权国家 aggregate output 总产量 coastal area 沿海地区 telephone connections 电话用户 economic well-being 生活水平 two way trade 双向贸易 lucrative export market 出口市场 foreign exchange 外汇 sum total 总数 per capita 人均 GNP 国民生产总值 joint ventures 合资企业 net income 净收入 world investment system世界投资体系 the stock of foreign investment 外资存量 major economy 经济大国 the stimulus, the technology and the funding 动力、技术和资金international trade and investment 国际贸易和投资 popular science 科普读物Arctic seas 北冰洋 vegetable oil 植物油 mineral oil煤油 internal combustion engine内燃机
A An abridged translation节译本 Absorb what is good and reject what is bad; absorb the essence and reject the dross; select the refined and discard the crude 取其精华，弃其糟粕 Abstract thinking ( thought ) 抽象思维 Academic community 学术界 An academic thesis 学术论文 Accommodate something to circumstances; accommodation 变通 Be well cultured in literature 有文学修养 Artistically accomplished 有艺术修养 A man of considerable culture 文化修养很高的人 Accurate comprehension 正确的理解 Accurate comprehension and adequate representation 准确的理解与适切的表达 Accurateness, smoothness and promptness 准、顺、快（口译标准） Accurate representation 准确的再现 Achieve spiritual similarity by departing from the original form 离形得神 Acquisition （语言）习得 Adapted translation; corrected version; improved version 改译 Adequate representation适切表达 Advance from the realm of necessity to the realm of freedom 从必然王国走向自由王国 Aesthetic appreciation 审美（统觉）
设计的分类（英语） 1 设计Design 2 现代设计Modern Design 3 工艺美术设计Craft Design 4 工业设计Industrial Design 5 广义工业设计Genealized Industrial Design 6 狭义工业设计Narrow Industrial Design 7 产品设计Product Design 8 传播设计Communication Design 8 环境设计Environmental Design 9 商业设计Comercial Design 10 建筑设计Architectural 11 一维设计One-dimension Design 12 二维设计Tow-dimension Design 13 三维设计Three-dimension Design 14 四维设计Four-dimension Design 15 装饰、装潢Decoration 16 家具设计Furniture Design 17 玩具设计Toy Design 18 室内设计Interior Design 19 服装设计Costume Design 20 包装设计Packaging Design 21 展示设计Display Design 22 城市规划Urban Desgin 23 生活环境Living Environment 24 都市景观Townscape 25 田园都市Gardon City 26 办公室风致Office Landscape 27 设计方法论Design Methodology 28 设计语言Design Language 29 设计条件Design Condition 30 结构设计Structure Design 31 形式设计Form Design 32 设计过程Design Process 33 构思设计Concept Design 34 量产设计，工艺设计Technological Design
英语翻译重点词汇 fellow countrymen 同胞 militarist军阀 Chinese Communist Party 党组织 the Grand Canal （京杭）大运河Industrial Revolution 工业革命dawn to dark从早到晚 especially English 具有英国特征的cottage industry 农村手工业 Indian summer 最后的余辉 stock-raising 畜牧业 Homestead Act 宅地法 wild west 西部荒原 the gold rush 淘金热 basic occupation 基础产业Department of Agriculture 农业部门the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲coastal erosion 水土流失Mediterranean climate 地中海型气候surveyor general 测量总监sovereign nation 主权国家aggregate output 总产量 coastal area 沿海地区 telephone connections 电话用户economic well-being 生活水平 two way trade 双向贸易 lucrative export market 出口市场foreign exchange 外汇 sum total 总数per capita 人均 GNP 国民生产总值 joint ventures 合资企业 net income 净收入 world investment system世界投资体系the stock of foreign investment 外资存量 英语翻译重点词汇（２） major economy 经济大国 the stimulus, the technology and the funding 动力、技术和资金 international trade and investment 国际贸易和投资 popular science 科普读物Arctic seas 北冰洋 vegetable oil 植物油 mineral oil煤油 internal combustion engine内燃机warfare on land and sea 陆战和海战minute sea creatures and plants 微小的海洋动植物 crude oil 原油 sedimentary rocks 沉积岩 pitch lake 沥青湖 superhighway 高速公路 living organism 生物体 applied entomology 应用昆虫学environmental Law环保法
Presenting a speech （做演讲） Of all human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through 在人类所有的创造中，语言也许是影响最为深远的。我们用语言 language we share experience, formulate values, exchange ideas, transmit 来分享经验，表达(传递？)价值观，交换想法，传播知识， knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to think itself. 传承文化。事实上，对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。[Contrary to popular belief], language | does not simply mirror reality but also helps to create our sense of reality [by giving meaning to events]. 和通常所认为的不同的是，语言并不只是简单地反映现实，语言在 具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。 ——语序的调整。 Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker’s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately. 好的演讲者对语言很重视，也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。词语是演讲者演讲的重要“武器”，具有特殊的用途，这和任何其他的工作技艺没什么两样。作为演讲者，必须知道词语的具体含义，也要懂得如何做到用词准确、清晰、生动、适当。 Using language accurately is as vital to a speaker as using numbers accurately to a accountant. Never use a word unless you are sure of its meaning. If you are not sure, look up the word in the dictionary. As you prepare your speeches, ask yourself constantly, “What do I really want to say? What do I really mean?”Choose words that are precise and accurate. 演讲者准确地使用语言和会计准确使用数字是一样重要的。确定词意后再措词。如果不确定，请先查词典。当你在准备演讲的时候，要不断地问自己：“我到底要说什么？我到底想表达什么意思？”用词一定要精准。 Using language clearly allows listeners to grasp your meaning immediately. You can ensure this [by using familiar words （that are known to the average person and require no specialized background）; by choosing concrete words in preference to more abstract ones, and by eliminating verbal clutter]. 用词清晰可以让听众迅速理解你的意思（抓到你的点）。要做到这一点，就要尽量使用一般人都熟悉的不需要专业知识就能懂的词语；多用具象词汇少用抽象词汇；还有要减少口误。 Using language vividly helps bring your speech to life. One way (to make your speech vivid)|is through imagery，or the creation of word pictures. You can develop imagery by using concrete language, simile, and metaphor. Simile is an explicit comparison between things （that are essentially different yet have something in common）; it always contains the words “like”or “as”. Metaphor is an implicit
1.词汇类 busboy 餐馆勤杂工（不是“公汽售票员”） busybody 爱管闲事的人（不是“大忙人”） dry goods （美）纺织品；（英）谷物（不是“干货”） heartman 换心人（不是“有心人”） mad doctor 精神病科医生（不是“发疯的医生”） eleventh hour 最后时刻（不是“十一点”） blind date （由第三者安排的）男女初次会面（并非“盲目约会”或“瞎约会”）dead president 美钞（上印有总统头像）（并非“死了的总统”） personal remark 人身攻击（不是“个人评论”） sweet water 淡水（不是“糖水”或“甜水”） confidence man 骗子（不是“信得过的人”） criminal lawyer 刑事律师（不是“犯罪的律师”） service station 加油站（不是“服务站”） rest room 厕所（不是“休息室”） dressing room 化妆室（不是“试衣室”或“更衣室”） sporting house 妓院（不是“体育室”） horse sense 常识（不是“马的感觉”） capital idea 好主意（不是“资本主义思想”） familiar talk 庸俗的交谈（不是“熟悉的谈话”） black tea 红茶（不是“黑茶”） black art 妖术（不是“黑色艺术”） black stranger 完全陌生的人（不是“陌生的黑人”） white coal （作动力来源用的）水（不是“白煤”） white man 忠实可靠的人（不是“皮肤白的人”） yellow book 黄皮书（法国政府报告书，以黄纸为封）（不是“黄色书籍”）red tape 官僚习气（不是“红色带子”） green hand 新手（不是“绿手”） blue stocking 女学者、女才子（不是“蓝色长统袜”） China policy 对华政策（不是“中国政策”） Chinese dragon 麒麟（不是“中国龙”） American beauty 红蔷薇（不是“美国美女”） English disease 软骨病（不是“英国病”） Indian summer 愉快宁静的晚年（不是“印度的夏日”） Greek gift 害人的礼品（不是“希腊礼物”） Spanish athlete 吹牛的人（不是“西班牙运动员”） French chalk 滑石粉（不是“法国粉笔”）
术语翻译贡献者 Absolute Translation 绝对翻译 古阿德克（ Gouadec） Abstract Translation 摘要翻译 古阿德克（ Gouadec） Abusive translation 滥译 路易斯（ Lewis ） Acceptability 可接受性 托利（ Toury ） Accuracy 准确Adaptation 改编Adequacy 充分性Adjustment 调整 Analogical Form 类同形式 霍尔姆斯（ Holmes） Analysis 分析 奈达（ Nida ）和泰伯（ Taber ） Applied Translation Studies 应用翻译研究霍尔姆斯（ Holmes） Architranseme (ATR) 元译素范·路文兹瓦特（ van Leuven- Zwart ） Autonomy Spectrum 自立幅度罗斯（ Rose） Autotranslation 自译 波波维奇（ Popovic ） Back Translation 回译 Bilateral interpreting 双边传译凯斯（ Keith ）Class Shift 词类转换韩礼德（ Halliday ）Close Translation 贴近翻译纽马克（ Newmark） Communicative Translation 传意翻译；交际翻 译纽马克（ Newmark） Community interpreting 社群传译 Compensation 补偿赫维（ Hervey ）Competence 能力托利（ Toury ）Componential Analysis 语义成分分析奈达（ Nida ）Comprehensive theory 综合理论
Governments that want their people to prosper in the burgeoning world economy 51. Which of the following is true about Olson?关于Olson，以下哪项是正确的 He taught economics at the University of Maryland.他在马里兰大学教授经济学。52. Which of the following represents Olson's point of view?以下哪项代表奥尔森的观点？ Protecting individual property rights encourages wealth building. 保护个人财产权可以促进财富的积累。 53. What does Olson think about mass production?奥尔森如何看待批量生产？ It's property intensive.这是财产密集型 54. What is the basis for the banking system?银行体系的基础是什么？ A contract system that can be enforced.可以强制执行的合同系统。 55. According to Olson, what is the reason for the poor economies of Third World countries? 奥尔森认为，第三世界国家经济欠佳的原因是什么？ Lack of secure individual property rights.缺乏安全的个人财产权。 56. What is the other economists' opinion about the poor economies of the Third World? 其他经济学家对第三世界的贫困经济有何看法？ A free market is not let to determine the prices and quantities of goods. 自由市场不允许确定商品的价格和数量。 Where one stage of child development has been left out, 57. The principle underlying all treatment of developmental difficulties in children（）所有治疗儿童发育困难的原则(重述以前的经历) offers recapture of earlier experiences 58. The child in the nursery（）托儿所里的孩子 doesn’t initially sleep and wake at regular intervals.最初没有定期睡眠和唤醒 59. The encouragement of children to achieve new skills（）鼓励孩子学习新技能should be balanced between two extremes应该在两个极端之间取得平衡 60. Jigsaw puzzles are（）拼图游戏是 suitable exercises for parent-child co operation亲子合作的适当练习 61. Parental controls and discipline（）家长控制和纪律 serve a dual purpose服务于双重目的 62. According to the passage, why is learning together a fruitful source of relationship? 根据这段话，为什么一起学习是一个富有成果的关系来源 Because children and their parents share learning.因为孩子和他们的父母共享学习。 Artist Sam Easterson's“Animal, vegetable" video project offers a bizarre 63. Easterson's cameras on animals will keep on working（）伊斯特森的动物摄影机将继续工作 as long as they are still in their positions只要他们仍然在自己的位置上 64. Easterson has presented the world seen by animals and plants mainly to（）Easterson向人们展示了动植物所看到的世界(鼓励人们保护动植物) encourage people to protect animals and plants