浅谈that在从句中的用法
摘要：that在英语中是一个非常常见的单词，它之所以常见，不仅仅是
因为它是一个在生活中常常要用到它，更因为它的用法相当的多。因此，同学们在使用that这个单词时，总会出现这样那样的问题，特别是that 在从句中的使用,更是令同学们常常模棱两可，分辨不清。
关键词：that 用法 1.主语从句2. 宾语从句 3. 表语从句 4.同位语从句 5. 目的状语从句6.定语从句
that在英语中是一个非常常见的单词，它之所以常见，不仅仅是因为它是一个在生活中常常要用到的字，更因为它的用法相当的多。因此，同学们在使用that这个单词时，总会出现这样那样的问题，特别是that在从句中的使用,更是令同学们常常模棱两可，分辨不清。但考试中又常出现，让我们和学生都比较头痛。我觉得要解决这个问题，首先要让学生弄清that在所引导的从句中它的词性，然后结合实例分析，这样学生就可一目了然了。具体来说，that可作连词或关系代词。具体的作用如下：
一．that引导主语从句(subject clauses)，在句中充当主语的成分。that在句中无实义，但放在句首时不能省略：
a．that the attempt to save her had succeeded became widely known. b．that they did not tell us about their problems is a pity.
这种结构主要是对that从句的内容进行强调，属正式文体，that the attempt to save her had succeeded和that they did not tell us about their problems在句中都分别作了主语。但为了避免显得头重脚轻，常把that从句移到句子后面，而把it放在句首，作形式主语，此时that可以省。上面两个句子就可改为:
a. it is widely known (that) the attempt to save her had succeeded
b. it is a pity (that) they did not tell us about their problems.
如果整个句子是疑问形式，就只能用先行it结构,例如：
a. is it true that he would take the risk ?
b. is it possible that they will come tomorrow ?
在主语从句中，常使用先行it结构，用that从句作主语的句子主要有下列几个句型：
(1)、it + be + 形容词+ that从句：
it is necessary that you come to school every sunday.
it’s strange that she should gain the full marks.
(2)、it + be + 名词词组+ that从句：
it’s a great pity that you such a stupid idea that day.
(3)、it + 及物动词+ 宾语+ that从句：
it worried her a bit that she became fatter and fatter.
it shocked me that peter didn’t tell anybody where he was.
(4)、it + be + 过去分词+ that从句：
it is said that he has been there many times.
(5)、：在一些谓语动词为不及物动词（如：appear，happen，seem，turn out等）的句子中，主语从句也后置，而把it放在句首，作形式主语。
it happened that i saw your brother yesterday。
it seems that he has lost something.
注意：在上述第(1)和第(2)两种句型中，that从句前置与使用先行it，that从句后置在意义上没有什么差异；但使用先行it结构较为常见。
二。that引导宾语从句(object clauses)，放在动词、介词和一些表示人的感情或情绪的形容词后面，在句中充当宾语的成分，口语中that常省略。这类动
词常为及物动词如say，tell，ask，think，declare，reply，require，etc；形容词如afraid，certain，glad，angry，aware，grateful，anxious，delighted，pleased，satisfied，surprised，sad，etc。
a. she said (that) she would come。
b. do you remember (that) he has ever told us an interesting story?
c. i’m sorry (that) i can do nothing for you。
三. that 引导表语从句(predicative clauses)，放在联系动词后，在句中充当表语的成分。此时that也无实义,但不可省。例如：
a. our wishes were that you leave here at once.
b. my suggestion is that a few more people be sent there to help them. 要注意的是，当主语是the reason、the cause时，为了避免含义上的重复，其后的表语从句一般也不再使用because引导，而用that。
a. the trouble is that we are short of money。
b. the reason why he was late is that he missed the early bus。
四．that引导同位语从句(appositive clauses)，放在名词的后面，补充说明名词的内容等。这种名词有fact，idea，belief，conclusion，confidence，doubt，duty，evidence，feeling，hope，idea，impression，information，knowledge，law，news，notion，opinion，order，proof，proposal，rule，suggestion，theory，thought，truth，view，etc。此时that也无实义，但也不可省。
a. the fact that he failed in the exam made us surprised。
b. we are delighted at the news that our delegate won the first prize in the speech contest。
五．that引导目的状语从句(clauses of purpose)，如so…that，in order that，for fear that等；结果状语从句(clauses of result)，如so(such)…that，(so)that 等；条件状语从句(clauses of condition) ，如：provided that，on condition that, supposing that等；原因状语从句(clauses of reason or cause)，如：now that等。
要区别so…that引导的从句到底是表结果的还是表目的的状语从句，一般情况可以看从句中是否有这样一些词：may，might，shall，should，can，could，will，would等情态动词。如果有，该从句可判定为目的状语从句。a．bring it nearer (so) that i may see it better (clause of purpose)。
b. his behavior was so bad that we all refused to receive him in our homes（clause of result）。
c. now that the weather has improved, we will be able to enjoy the game （clause of reason）。
d. he will lend you the money on condition that you return it in 6 months （clause of condition）。
六．引导名词性从句中的定语从句，而且只能是限定性定语从句。
（1）可指代人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。指物时可换为which,指人时可换为who (作主语，但who更常用)或whom(作宾语,在日常口语中常用that)。作宾语时可省略。
a. the letter that/which came this morning is from my father。
b. here are the books ( that ) i borrowed last week.
c. the woman (whom/that) spoke to me in the bookstore used to live next door.
. 但如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时(先行词既有人又有物)，定语从句的关系代词用which和who都不可以，只能用that。
a. we know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.
b. there are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill.
(2) 当先行词是everything ，anything, nothing, somebody, the little, the few, much, all等不定代词时，定语从句由that引导。
a. anyone that wants to succeed must work hard。
b. the book contains a good deal that is boring and unnecessary 。
(3 )当先行词被形容词的最高级，序数词或the only, last, every, some, any, very, next,等修饰时，定语从句由that引导。先行词表人时，也可用who，但更常用that。
a. he was one of the strongest men that we have ever seen。
b. you are the only person that can help me。
c. the first book that he wrote is not very popular。
(4) 可引导强调句型，即it is/was+强调部分+that从句。当强调部分表人时，也可用who，但更常用that.
it’s you that i want to talk to。
从上面可以看出，在同位语从句和定语从句中，that都可放在名词后面。怎样区分一个名词后的从句是定语从句还是宾语从句？我们先来看两个句子：
a. i had no idea that you were here。
b. the idea (that) he gave us is very good。
在句子a中，从句that you were here补充说明名词idea的内容，that 作连
词，无实义，也不作句子成分；而在句子b中，从句that he gave us修饰限制先行词idea, that在从句中作gave的直接宾语，代替先行词idea。句a中的that不能省去，而句b中的that可省掉，也可换为which.因此，我们可以得
出这样的结论：
①同位语从句相当于名词，它对其前的名词起补充说明或进一步解释其内容的作用。而定语从句的功能相当于形容词，它对其先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用。例如：
the suggestion that she has put forward is very good。
她提出的建议很好（定语从句）.
the suggestion that we tell a story by turns is very good。
我们轮流讲一个故事，这个建议很好（同位语从句）。
②引导定语从句的that是关系代词，在从句中充当某种成份。而引导同位语从句的that是连接词，在从句中不作任何成份。例如：
the fact that they talked about is very important。
我们所谈论的情况很重要（定语从句。that为关系代词，作从句中介词about 的宾语）。
the fact that he succeeded in the experiment made everybody very happy。
他的实验成功了，这使大家很高兴（同位语从句。that在从句中不作任何成份）。
从以上的分析我们可以看出，学生在平时的学习中，只要扎实学好基础知识，遇到问题时，注意前后联系，同时作好归纳总结，就会发现学习英语的乐趣，从而培养自己的兴趣。
1.主语从句
1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，
而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有：
*It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that...
*It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that...
*It is clear\important\likely\possible that...
*It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that...
It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same gener ation.
It seems that the performance is very useful.
2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。
What we lack is experience.
3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。
How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again.
I did know why I felt like crying.
2.宾语从句
1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。
*I promised that I would change the situation.
*All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.
*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.
2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。
He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.
3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。
He didn't think that the money was well spent.
3.表语从句
表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what, when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.
Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common typ e of life in America.
The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.
It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world sm aller.
4.同位语从句
同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明，一般用连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后。
She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.
I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.
The news came that their team had won the championship.
5.定语从句
定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。
*限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom, whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。
The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and o rganizations.
Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to othe r people.
The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.
1)当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,l ast,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导从句。That is all that I've heard from him.
He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon.
2)关系代词的省略
在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不可用that，只可用which或whom引导从句，并且不可省略，但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that，也可省略。
This is one of those things with which we have to put up.
This is one of those things (which\that) we have to put up with.
3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等。关系副词在从句中作状语，意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。
Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expr essed through the drawings.
No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day.
*非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略。
Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism.
*“介词+which\whom\whose”引导的定语从句
“介词+which\whom\whose”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配，或先行词的习惯搭配。
This is the computer on which he spent all his savings
It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar.
*as引导的定语从句
as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的结构中，代替先行词是人或物的名词。as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。
These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行词problems)
As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on t he Internet.(as代替主语)
6.状语从句
*时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有：
1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。
We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here.
2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)...when,no sooner...than,each(every) time,the moment,im mediately(that)等。
As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses.
The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy.
*地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever.
Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her.
*原因、结果和目的状语从句
1）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。
Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well.
2)引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that,such...that,so that,that,so等。
Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave.
3)引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that,in order that,for fear that,lest等，从句常使用ma y,might,can,could,would等情态动词。
We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway st ation.
*条件和让步状语从句
1）引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if,unless,as(so) long as,on condition that,in case, provided(providing) that,supposing等。
As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data.
2) 引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though,although,whether,even though,even if,no matter what(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....) 等。though,even if 等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构，具有强调意义。其结构为“形容词（副词、
动词、名词）+as+主语+谓语”。
No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind.
Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young)
Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child)
*方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的连词有as,just as,as if,as though等。as if,as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。
The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him.
涉及that等引导的定语从句 定语从句历年都是高考的重难点，尤其是涉及that，which，as的考题。下面是定语从句的语法规则和具体应用，希望同学们好好揣摩。 一、限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1. 当先行词是anything，everything，nothing （something 除外），few，all，none，little，some等代词时，或者是由every，any，all，some，no，little，few，much，each等词修饰时。例如： Have you taken down everything （that）Mr. Smith has said？你记下了斯密思先生说的一切吗？ There seems to be nothing （that）seems impossible for him in the world. 对他来说，没有什么不可能。 There is little （that）I can do for you. 对你，我无能无力。 由此可知，一般情况下，可将that用括号括住。部分时候that也可以省略。例如： All that can be done has been done. 今日事，今日毕。 此外，当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who。例如： Any man that/who has a sense of duty won’t do such a bad
thing. 任何一个有责任感的人不会做这样的坏事。 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时，例如： The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 他们访问伦敦时，首先去看大本钟。 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，例如： This is the best movie that I have seen. 这是我看过最棒 的电影。 4. 当形容词被the very，the only，the same，the last，any，little等修饰时，例如： This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy. 这是很好的词典，我想买。 After the fire in his house，the old motorcycle is the only thing that he owned. 家里失火后，旧摩托是他唯一所有的东西了。 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who，例如： Erik is the only person in our company who will attend the meeting. 艾里克是我们公司唯一出席会议的人。 5. 当先行词前面有who，which等疑问代词时，例如： Who is the man that is sitting at the corner？坐在角落里的是谁？ Which is the T-shirt that fits me most？什么T恤衫最配我？
定语从句中的that和which的用法 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物）,which （指物）,who (指人）.指人时可用that或who ；指物时可用that 或which 。 That和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语，做宾语时可以省略。指物时，两者一般可以互换，但在下列情况下只能用that： 1）当先行词是all ,any ,anything ,everything ,nothing 或被它们修饰时.例如： Is there anything that I can do for you 有什么可以为你做的吗? All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做. 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时.例如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop . 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一. The first thing that we should do is to get some food . 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的. 3）当先行词有：the only ,the very ,the same ,the last 等修饰时.例如：
My necklace is not the only thing that's missing . 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西. 4）当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who .以避免重复.例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁? 5）当先行词既有人又有物时,用that .例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known . 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名. 请注意: 以下几种只能使用which的情况: 1.引导非限制性定语从句，用which。 2.在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词必须用which。 如：The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。 This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。 注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首，which就可换为that，例如：This is the question which/that we've had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we've had so much discussion.
THAT用法总结 第一、that 用作形容词（后接复数名词时用those） 它用来指已被提到的人或物；也可表对比，指两个中较远的那个。 What about that book you borrowed from me last month？ 请注意，that 有时候在句子中具有喜欢或轻蔑等感情色彩。 that little son of his 他那个小宝贝儿子 That George！乔治那家伙！（含有轻蔑语气） 第二、that 用作代词。 1. that 用作指示代词（复数形式是those），其指代意义同形容词用法，同时它还可以用作定语从句中的先行词；还可为了避免重复，代替前述名词。 .that用来替代前面提到的特指的事物,所代替的名词可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词.代替可数名词可以用the one替换.但其前面不可用任何限定词修饰.例如: 1)The population of China is larger than that of Japan.(that代替不可数名词population,不可用the one替换) 2)The headteacher in your class is younger and more active than that in theirs.(that代替可数名词headteacher,可用the one替换) that 代替指物的单数可数名词或抽象不可数名词，一般是特指的 those 代替指人或指物的复数名词，一般是特指的=the ones one 代替指人或指物的单数可数名词，一般是泛指的 ones 代替指人或指物的复数名词，一般是泛指的 That is what he told me. What is that (which) you have got in your hand? The price of rice is higher than that of flour. 2. that 用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句。先行词可人可物，用法相当于who或which。（但是在下列情况下多用that：先行词既有人又有物时；先行词有形容词最高级、序数词、不定代词、very，only等修饰时；先行词是不定代词时）He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. I think it one of the most wonderful films that the film company has ever produced. She has little information that is useful for our research. Is there anything that I can do for you? 请注意，that 在定语从句中作宾语时通常可省略。 The books (that) I sent you will help you in your studies. 第三、that 用作连词，引导名词性从句,状语从句和强调句。 1. that名词性从句。 ①引导宾语从句。及物动词后的引导词that可省略。 I didn't expect (that) he could win the championship. The teacher pointed out that Tom was not working hard enough.
That 引导的宾语从句 如：he suggests that the park is very popular. Lingling thinks the park will be busy . I don’t think they allow people to swim in the lake . 放在动词后面作宾语的句子，叫宾语从句。分三类，，一类是that 引导的宾语从句，二是whether(无论)/if 如果，引导的宾语从句。还有就是连接代词，连接副词引导的宾语从句。 （1）that 引导宾语从句，that 没有实际意义，通常可以省略。但不一定所有的动词可以接that 宾语从句。常用的有：suggest think believe expect feel hear hope prefer Promise report say see tell understand warn(警告) （2）有时that 是不能省略 宾语从句主语是that,如：he says that that is a useful book. 当宾语从句前有插入语时。如：it says ,on the card ,that it is made in China. 当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时。I’m afraid that you lost it ,you must pay for it 当两个或多个宾语从句并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中that 可以省略外，其 它从句的that 不能省略。如：he says the film was interesting and that he enjoy it. (3)宾语从句的时态 主句现在的现在某种时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时）从句可根实际情况来定。 如果主句是过去的某种时态（过去进行时，一般过去时）宾语从句一定要过去的某种时态。（包括，一般过去，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时） 宾语从句表示是客观事实或真理，主句是过去式，从句也用一般现在时。 Teacher told me that the earth is round . (4)宾语从句中的否定转移， 谓语动词是think believe 等，做否定时，主句是否定，从句是肯定句。
that和which引导的定语从句：微习题 用which 或that填空： 1. You should hand in all _________you have. 2.Please send us all the information ________you have about the candidate for the position. 3. What is the first American film _______you have seen? 4.The first place________ they visited in London was the Big Ben. 5. This is the best________ has been used against pollution. 6.This is the most exciting film _______I ever seen. 7. They talked about the persons and things ______ they remembered at school. 8. Which is the T-shirt _______ fits me most? 9. That is the very book _____he is looking for. 10.He is the only man _______ can do the work. 11. Tom was late for work again this morning，_______ made the boss angry. 12. Football, ________is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 13. This is the place in _______ Lu Xun used to live. 14. The chair on ______ she sat is made of wood. 15. He lived in a big house, in front of _______ stood a big tall tree. 答案： 1. that 2. that 3. that 4.that 5. that 6. that 7. that 8. that 9. that 10. that 11. which 12. which 13. which 14. which 15. which
so…that 、such…that、so that的用法 so…that…和such…that…引导的分句都是结果状语从句，so that既可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。 一、s o... that...句型中的so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，意思是“如此/这么……以致于……” 1. 常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that从句。 The boy ran so fast that I couldn't catch him. He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 2. so+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+that从句。例如： She made so good a meal that we all ate far too much. 她做的饭菜那么好吃，结果我们都吃得太多了。 It was so good an exhibition that I went to see it several times. 展览是那么好，结果我就去看了好几次。 It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic. 昨天天气很好，我们都出去野餐了。 3. so+many / much / few / little（少）+名词+that从句。 当名词前有many、much、few、little（少）等词修饰时，句子中要用so...that...而不能用such...that...。例如：I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over. 我跌了那么多跤，全身跌得青一块，紫一块的。 There was so much work to do that everybody got bored. 有这么多的事要做，人人都感到厌烦了。 There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us. 缸里的水太少，不够我们这些人用的。 （注：当little的意思是“小”时，仍用such...that...） 二、在such... that...句型中，such修饰名词，意思也是“如此……以致于……”。such…that…引导四种不同的 句子结构： 1. such+a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句。例如： This is such a good book that all of us like it very much. 这是一本很好的书，我们大家都喜欢读一读。 It was such a fine day that nobody wanted to stay at home. 天气这么好，没有人愿意呆在家里不出去。 It was such an interesting film that I saw it twice. 这是一部很有意思的电影，我看了两次。 2. such+形容词+复数名词+that从句。例如： He had such long arms that he could almost touch his knees. 他的胳膊很长，几乎就能够到他的膝盖。 They are such good students that the teacher likes them. 他们都是很好的学生，老师喜欢他们。 3. such+（形容词）+不可数名词+that从句，例如： It was such fine weather yesterday that we went swimming. 昨天天气很好，我们去游泳了。 4. one (no, any, all, many, some, several, 等)+such+可数名词+that从句。例如： There are many such good books that I can’t decide which one to choose. 有这么多的好书，我无法决定选择哪一本。He gave us several such examples about the phrase that we understood it pretty well. 关于这个短语，他举了好几个这样的例句，我们终于完全弄懂了。 三、so that 既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句． 引导目的状语从句时可译为"为了" ,引导结果状语从句时可译为"以便" 如：I speak loudly so that all the students can hear me clearly.(目的状语从句) Maria likes the woolen dress so that she decides to buy it immediately .(结果状语从句) (1)so that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should 等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词。 (2) So that引导的目的状语从句之前不用逗号，而so that引导的结果状语从句与主句之间往往有逗号相隔开 （即略作停顿），意思是“因此;所以”。请比较： He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.他努力学习功课，争取考试能获得好成绩。 He worked hard at his lessons, so that he gained high grades in the exams.他努力学习，结果考试获得了好成绩。 四、“so…that…”和“such…that…”可以相互转换
定语从句中 which,that 的用法与区别 只能使用that的情况： 1.当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。 e.g. Do you have anything that is important to tell me? 2.当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。 e.g. I have some books that are very good. 3.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词(包括last, next等)所修饰时。 e.g. This is the first book that I bought mysel f. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. 4.主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时 e.g. Which is the bike that you lost? 为了避免重复时用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting. 5.当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物. China is no longer the country that she was. 6.如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that . Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 7.在there be句型中,只用that. He asked for the latest book (that) there is on the subject. 8.当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only，the same 等词修饰时。 e.g. This is the very book that I lost yesterday. 9.当先行词又有人又有物时。 e.g. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw. 10. 先行词被all, every, no, any, little, some, much等修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. 只能使用which的情况。 1、非限制性定语从句(即通常用逗号与主句隔开，如果去掉逗号，整个句子仍能表达完整的意义的定语从句)中。 e.g. Mary has a book, which is very precious. 2、在介词之后。 e.g. This is a house in which lives an old man. 3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。 e.g. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary. 4. 非限定性定语从句修饰的是前面的整个句子，而且关系代词和关系副词前面有逗号, 用which开始的定语从句修饰前面半句 e.g. He will wear no clothes, which will distinguish（区分，辨别）him from his fellow men.
浅谈that在从句中的用法 摘要：that在英语中是一个非常常见的单词，它之所以常见，不仅仅是 因为它是一个在生活中常常要用到它，更因为它的用法相当的多。因此，同学们在使用that这个单词时，总会出现这样那样的问题，特别是that 在从句中的使用,更是令同学们常常模棱两可，分辨不清。 关键词：that 用法 1.主语从句2. 宾语从句 3. 表语从句 4.同位语从句 5. 目的状语从句6.定语从句 that在英语中是一个非常常见的单词，它之所以常见，不仅仅是因为它是一个在生活中常常要用到的字，更因为它的用法相当的多。因此，同学们在使用that这个单词时，总会出现这样那样的问题，特别是that在从句中的使用,更是令同学们常常模棱两可，分辨不清。但考试中又常出现，让我们和学生都比较头痛。我觉得要解决这个问题，首先要让学生弄清that在所引导的从句中它的词性，然后结合实例分析，这样学生就可一目了然了。具体来说，that可作连词或关系代词。具体的作用如下： 一．that引导主语从句(subject clauses)，在句中充当主语的成分。that在句中无实义，但放在句首时不能省略： a．that the attempt to save her had succeeded became widely known. b．that they did not tell us about their problems is a pity. 这种结构主要是对that从句的内容进行强调，属正式文体，that the attempt to save her had succeeded和that they did not tell us about their problems在句中都分别作了主语。但为了避免显得头重脚轻，常把that从句移到句子后面，而把it放在句首，作形式主语，此时that可以省。上面两个句子就可改为: a. it is widely known (that) the attempt to save her had succeeded b. it is a pity (that) they did not tell us about their problems.
定语从句：只能用that引导的十三种情况 1.在there + be 的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。 例如： There are two novels that I want to read.我要读的有两本小说。 There is no work that can be done now. 没有什么工作现在能做的了。 2.当先行词为主句的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时。 例如： This is the book that was bought yesterday.这就是昨天买的书。 Our school is no longer the school that it used to be. 我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。 3.以Here is (are)开头的句子时。 例如： Here is a film that will move anyone.这是一部将使任何人受感动的电影。 Here are two books that I will buy.这是我要买的两本书。 4.It is (high)time +定语从句中。 例如： It is time that we should have a rest.我们应该休息了。 It is high time that they started out. 他们该动身了。 5.当先行词是way等词时，关系代词用that或者in which在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，常可省略。 例如： This is the way that my father did this work.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。 She admired the way in which I answered the questions.她羡慕我回答问题的方式。 6.在双重限定性定语从句中，如果一个从句用who或者which引导时，那么另一个从句用that 引导。 例如： He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highest.他是我曾经看到过跳得最高的学生。My brother studies in the school which is the most beautiful in our city that isn't far from here. 我的弟弟在我们的城市最美丽的学校读书，并且离这儿不远。 7.当先行词被the last , the very 和the only修饰时。 例如： This is the very pen that I am looking for. 这正是我找的钢笔。 The only book I want to read is missing. 我唯一想看的书不见了。 8.在强调句子中，并且以who ,which, what开头时。 例如： Who was it that was lost ?究竟是谁迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who来代替that，避免重复。） What was it that you did last week?你上周究竟做什么了？ 9.当先行词有序数词时。 例如： You are the first person that I want to ask for.你是我要见的第一个人。 This is the second book that I have ever written.这是我写的第二本书。 10.当先行词被all, every, no , some, few , little, much, both等修饰时， 例如：
that 引导的定语从句的用法 篇一：高一英语知识点：that 引导的定语从句的用法 高一英语知识点：that 引导的定语从句的用法 关系代词 that 可以引导限定性定语从句，修饰代表人或事物的先行词，但不能用于引导 非限定性定语从句。that 可以充当从句的主语、宾语、表语。例如： Thebagthatliesonthegroundishers.地上的那个包是她的。 (关系代词 that 修饰 bag 的定语从 句中充当主语) TheoldmanthatIvisitedyesterdayismyteacher. 我昨天拜访的那个老人是我的老师。(关系代 词 that 在修饰 man 的定语从句中充当宾语) 在先行词是事物的限定性定语从句中，that 和 which 一般可互换，但在下列情况下不可 以互换： 1.只能用 that，不能用 which 作先行词的情况 (1) 先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用 that，不用 which。例如： ①That is all thatIknow.我知道的就这些。 ②Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintown?你有什么东西要在城里买吗? ③Nothingthattheteacherdoesdoesn’tinfluencehisstudents. 老师所做的事情没有不影响到 学生的。 (2)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、theonly,thevery,thelast 等修饰时，关系代词通常只 用 that，不用 which。例如： ①ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasCities.我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。 ②ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen. 这是我见过的最激动人心 的足球比赛之一。 ③Thisistheonlythingthatwecandonow.这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。 (3)先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用 that，不用 which。例如： ①Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall. 我们所有人都钦 佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。 ②TheforeignvisitorsspokehighlyofthepioneersandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren’sP alace.外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。 (4)关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时， 通常只用 that， 不用 which。 例如： ①Heisnolongerthestarthathewas.他不再是过去的那位明星了。 ②Ourschoolisnolongertheschoolthatitusedtobe.我们的学校不再是以前的那所学校了。 1 / 10
that 引导的宾语从句 我们以前学过名词、代词、动词不定式或动词的-ing形式作宾语。当一个句子跟在动词后面作宾语时，我们把该句子称为宾语从句。宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：that引导的宾语从句、whether / if引导的宾语从句和疑问词引导的宾语从句。学习宾语从句要注意三个方面：引导词、语序和时态。 本模块我们先学习that引导的宾语从句。请仔细观察下面的例子，然后补全结论部分中所缺内容。 【例子】 1. The Smiths have returned. Tony knows. →T ony knows (that) the Smiths have returned. 2. We can get the best score in every match. Our coach hopes. →Our coach hopes (that) we can get the best score in every match. 3. Peter will get on well with his classmates. Mother thinks. →Mother thinks (that) Peter will get on well with his classmates. 4. Sally was having breakfast at 7:00 am yesterday. Tom said. →Tom said (that) Sally was having breakfast at 7:00 am yesterday. 5. Susan visited the Great Wall. Betty believed. →Betty believed (that) Susan vi sited the Great Wall. 6. The earth moves around the sun. The teacher said. →The teacher said (that) the earth moves around the sun.
在下列情况，通常要用 that： ①当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时： I made a speech on the men and things that I had seen abroad. 我就我在国外所见到的人和事作了报告。 ②当先行词是who时(为避免重复)： Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯？ ③当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略)： Tom is not the boy (that) he was. 汤姆这孩子已不是以前那个样子了。 3.当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时，通常用that： All that she lacked was training. 她缺的只是训练。 Have you everything that you need? 你需要的东西都有了吗? The sleeping man’s subconscious min d retained everything that was said around him. 这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。 She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。 4.当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时，通常用that： This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。 Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原话。 5.当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时，通常用that： This is the best dicti onary that I’ve ever used. 这是我用过的最好的词典。 The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。 6.当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that： China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。 7.当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that： They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。 8.当要避免重复时： Which is the course that we are to take? 我们选哪门课程？
that引导名词性从句用法详解 如何来掌握that引导的名词性从句呢？我认为应从以下几个方面掌握： 一．that 在名词性从句中，起连词的作用，在从句中不起语法功能，即不作任何成分，也不含有任何意义，引导名词性从句时，不可省略，故称：“三不”。 二．that引导名词性从句的特点 引导同位语从句： 当that引导同位语从句时，that从句前常有名词， 1) The idea that england stands for fish & chips ,speaker’corner, big ben and the tower of london is past 2) The fact that great britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many. 3) The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering 与 that 同位的名词常有下列名词： news ，fact, hope, idea, suggestion, promise, thought, doubt, belief, truth, request, proposal, demand etc. 2. that 引导表语从句 当that引导表语从句时，常用下列句式： it happens that…. it appears that…. it seems that…. it turns out that…. it proves that…. the reason is that… 1) It appears that he has gone mad。他好像是疯了。 2) It proves that his promise is wrong.。他的预言证明是错误的。 3) The reason is that he has not passed the exam. 原因是他考试没有及格。 4) It turns out that the situation is quite serious.形势结果是相当严重的。 3. that 引导主语从句 由连词引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下被放到句子的后面，用it 作形式主语来代替它的位置。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句的句型有三种。 + be + 形容词+that从句 适用于这种句型的常见形容词有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，abvious，surprising etc。 1) It’s clear that they badly need help。很明显，他们急需援助。 2) It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon. 很可能飓风马上就要来了。 3) It’s possible that we can carry out the project at last. 最终我们能完成这项工程是有可能的。 *** necessary，clear，true，strange,important,wonderful，possible, likely, obvious, surprising, ashtonishing,etc.谓语动词的形式一般为“should ＋动词原形” 4) It is necessary that you (should)master the computer. 你很有必要掌握电脑。 5) It is important that a student learn english well. 学生学好英语很重要。 6) It is strange that he should have killed himself .真奇怪，他竟然自杀了 b. it +be +名词词组+ that从句
that都可以引导什么从句？请举例说明最好有例句谢谢 答：1、用作关系代词，引导定语从句 The only thing that I can do is to have a rest . 我唯一能做的事就是休息。 2、用作关联词，引导名词性从句 That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. 地球围着太阳转这一点是众所周知的。（引导主语从句） It so happens that I know the man. 碰巧我认识那人。（主语从句） I will see to it that everything is ready. 我会注意把一切准备妥当的。(宾语从句) The trouble is that we are short of money.困难就在于我们缺钱。（表语从句） There is no doubt that he is the best choice for this position. 无疑，他是这一职位的最佳人选。（同位语从句）3、构成短语，引导状语从句 Bring it nearer so that I may see it better .拿近一点，好让我看清楚些。( so that 引导目的状语从句) She got up early , so that she caught the early bus. 她起的早，所以赶上了早班车。( so that 引导结果状语从句) In order that everybody should hear him , he spoke loudly. 他大声说话，为了使大家都能听得见。（in order that引导目的状语从句） Now that they have taken matters into their hands the pace of events has quickened.他们既然已着手自己来处理问题，事态的进展也就加快了。（now that 引导原因状语从句） That从句。什么情况不能用that？ 这种情况多见于定语从句，现将重点提供如下： 关系代词that的用法 首先特别注意，that只能用在限定性定语从句中，在非限定性定语从句中永远不能选用that, 另外介词后边也不可用that, 而是跟which.在限定性定语从句中，which和that在代替物的时候，一般可以通用。 The money that (which) is in the wallet is mine. 有些情况下，只宜用that,而不宜用which i. 先行词是最高级形容词或者它前面有最高级形容词的时候 This is the best that has been used against pollution. English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years. ii. 先行词是序数词，或者它前面有一个序数词的时候 He is the last person (that) I want to see. It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen. iii. 主句已有疑问词who或者which的时候 Which is the bike that you lost? iv. 先行词既有人又有物，宜用that Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station. v. 先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one 等不定代词时 You should hand in all that you have.