高考英语阅读的解题步骤
学习本套阅读法之前，先说明不恰当的做法。
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①直接阅读文章会遇到不少不认识的单词，令阅读无法顺畅地进行下去。即使掌握了联系上下文猜词意的方法来解决这些不认识的单词，也会浪费不少时间。这样也会影响你继续阅读的心情。
②直接阅读还会遇到长难句，遇到长难句就不仅仅是单词的问题了，还会涉及到不少的语法。所以想要快速地读懂长难句费时费力。
不认识的单词和又臭又长的句子已经让你没有心情继续读下去了，所以想要读懂文章并且找出正确的选项那是相当困难的。
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题去阅读通常分两种情况：
①有些学生解决一个题看一遍文章，这样既不能节约时间，如果再遇到读不懂的句子，答案还是一样选不出来。
②把所有问题通读一遍再带着这些问题阅读文章，这样问题的信息量太多，导致思维混乱，绕来绕去，还选不正确。这些都是以前的固定思维模式在作怪，是臭毛病！
（一）关键词定位法
◎什么是关键词(key words)?
意思的一个或者几个单词，最好这些单词也在文章中出现。如果文章中没有关键词那么就找文章中与关键词相似的词或者同义词。
◎关键词出现在哪里？
听力部分、阅读部分、完形填空、改错与语法篇填空都有关键词。
①带有大写字母的人名、地名、书名等名词
What change has already been made in a hotel(宾馆，地点) in Edinburgh(爱丁堡，地点)?
After finishing the book Red Wolf（《红狼》书名）,the readers would learn that_____.
Professor Twigg（托戈教授，人名）found that, compared with the 1960s, _______.
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②描写事物的性质的形容词，或者关系到人名需要做什么事情的动词或动词词组。
According to the passage,beautiful（漂亮的，重要的形容词）people___________
Leopards（豹子，名词）are killed or hunted（被杀和找到，动词词组）primarily for__________
请将下面句子的关键词找出来：
（1）Why does the author call her parents’ bed her “safe zone”？
（2）It can be inferred from the passage that McCormick .
（3）The example of the French peasants shows the fact that________.
（4）Whydid the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?
（5）What caused a change in the author’s understanding of keeping a diary?
★关键词所在的位置举例
①听力部分题干关键词：
听第10段材料，回答第17至39题。（2012年新课标2）
17. Where doesThomas Manning work?
A. In the Guinness Company.
B. At a radio station.
C. In a museum.
18. Where did the idea of a book of records come from?
A. A bird-shooting trip.
B. A visit to Europe.
C. A television talk show.
19. When did Sir Hugh's first book of records appear?
A. In 1875.
B. In 1950.
C. In 1955.
20. What are the two speakers going to talk about next?
A. More records of unusual facts.
B. The founder of the company.
C. The oldest person in the world.
（根据18、19题干的关键词，20题的答案为A
17题应该在A、C中
选择，因为都出现in开头；19题应该在B、C中选择，因为都出现1950年代。记住“高考规则”）
1高考规则：高考规则有时候是一个智商问题，为何这么说？请看下面的例子：
How much is the shirt?
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②阅读部分题干关键词：
25. According to Anderson , before 1970, Americans had little idea about _（2014全国2）
A. the social movement
B. recycling techniques
C. environmental problems
D. the importance of Earth Day
26. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?
A. The grass –roots level
B. The business circle
C. Government officials
D. University professors
27. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection ?
A. They have cut car emissions to the lowest
B. They have settled their environmental problems
C. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.
D. They have reduced pollution through effective measures .
28. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph ?
A. Education
B. Planning
C. Green living
D. CO reduction
（根据26、27、28题的关键词，25题答案是C；26、27、28题属于细节题，直接在文中根据关键词定位找答案即可，每个段落的首尾句就是答案的所在地，概率在60-80℅以上，后文中详细解答。）
③完形部分题干关键词：
Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts, But people in the streets 16 him,especially those who are 17 .
For those people, he is "Gloves"Greenberg. How did he get that18 ?He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase (公文箱). But he's 19 _. His briefcase always has some gloves.（2013新课标2）
A. ￡19.15
B. ￡9.18
C. ￡9.15
这是每年全国各个省份听力出现的第一个试听材料，已经使用了很多年，笔者高考都过去了10年了，仍然在用这个例子。命题人给的答案是C。试问一下，为什么答案不是B？命题人想干什么？这其实是考察英语听力发音，19.15还是9.15的具体发音区别。那么，这已经告诉我们高考规则是什么了！
再举一个例子：
A、①②⑤
B、②③⑤
C、②④⑤
D、①④⑤
这几个选项，你会在哪些选项里面去确定答案？首先⑤不用判断了就是对的；③出现了一次，只要判断③正确与否就行了，③正确，直接选B。③不正确呢？那就判断①和④哪个正确了，哪个正确就选那个。你不会笨到每个选项都去试一下吧？要知道这是高考，要节约时间，才能取得最高分数的！！！
所以说，高考规则之一是选项观察法。
①高考英语听力，一定要在听力播放前的5分钟快速浏览听力试题及选项，对听力的考点内容进行预测。
②高考完形填空，细读首尾句把我文章主题；利用语法分析、固定搭配、词汇复现、选项排除法、逻辑关系、背景常识、四大逻辑、感情色彩来解题。
③高考阅读理解规则见后文。
④高考各科选择题都有秒杀的技巧，排除法、直接法、观察法、特殊值法等等，但是要记住一点，秒杀是在你基础知识牢靠的情况下才能熟练运用！否则会走火入魔！
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16. A.know about B.learn from C.cheer for D.look after
17. A.old B.busy C.kind D.poor
18. A.job https://www.doczj.com/doc/3f3902211.html, C.chance D.message
19. A.calm B.different C.crazy D.curious
(not…but…、especially 、always是信号词；句子与句子之间的环环相扣原则；每一个细节都跟句子的前后有密切的逻辑关系；完形部分会细讲。)
④语法填空部分题干关键词：
The adobe dwellings(土坯房）___61___(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ___62___ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __63___(able) to “air condition” a house without ___64__（use）electric equipment.（2015全国2）（只需要关注横线前后关键词的词性，再结合词性公式就可以做出答案。）
⑤改错部分题干关键词：
One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later. Tony saw parents. Mom said,” How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.（2015全国2）
（根据词性公式逐句分析。词性判断见附录）
（二）首尾句定位法
假如阅读文章很长，段落很多，根据人的处理信息的能力，你接触的信息越多错误率就越高。也就是说，你读的越多，越容易把题做错了。你的越多，你就会发现每个选项都在文章里面，这给你的做题带来不必要的麻烦。假如你在大学四六级考试或者研究生考试中还是逐句去读，高考7选5无所谓，但是大学四六级你就无法处理15选10那样的题型了。那么，首尾句就可以帮你大忙。
首尾句定位法的好处：
1、外国人写文章基本把观点态度放在首尾句了，看首尾句帮助我们快速解决文章的中心主旨。（主旨题快速地找到答案）
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2、经过多年的研究教学，我发现阅读理解的正确答案在首尾句的概率在60％以上。
3、完形填空看首尾句可以快速让你进入文章的语境，把握文章的中心主旨。
4、快速甩开那些举例子的句子，大写字母、时间、人物、举例子的段落（论据），把握论点（中心主旨）。
例：请看2014年新课标2的三篇阅读。划好关键词和首尾句。
A
Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.
During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.
He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.
Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can（垃圾桶）that had been left out on the footpath.
My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.
That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.
21. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?（问的是做什么，根据关键词arrival in Sydney定位找到动词就行了）
A. Go shopping
B. Find a house
C. Join his family
D. Take his family
22. The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_______.（注意从哪里来from，到哪里去to的区别。）
A. a friend of his family
B. a Sydney policeman
C. a letter in his papers
D. a stranger in Sydney
23. What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean?（re-开头的意思是too/again/back表示动作的重复；如retell 重述。参见附录词根记单词。）
A. Showed
B. Sent out
C. Delivered
D. Gave back
24. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?（归纳、概括的句子）
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阅读理解训练50篇（1） 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1．“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A．the emotion is harmless B．the emotion is harmful C．the feeling is very strong D．the feeling is hard 2．What statement is right? A．Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D．Anger may cause you a cancer. 3．Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A．is just the same as B．is more harmful than C．is no better than D．is much better than 4．According to the author, you'd better _________. A．never be angry B．cool it down before you express it C．laugh and laugh when you get angry D．admit you are wrong when you are angry 二
小希老师给同学们总结了2018高考英语真题所有阅读理解的A篇，适合高中各个年级的学生练习及备考使用。 【全国Ⅰ卷】 A Washington, . Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for . newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
（英语）高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 In America, parents tend to encourage their children to develop their potential (潜能) to the fullest extent. Fathers and mothers frequently teach their children both ambition and the confidence necessary to work toward their goals. American parents are always active in concentrating on what their kids can do, not what they can't. As a result, millions of American boys and girls grow up hoping to become actors and athletes, diplomats and doctors. Many of them even want to become president. American parents often encourage their children to become involved in extra activities of all types at school, such as student government, sports and music. They believe that only through taking part in these activities can their children become mature young adults. As we all know, school work is important. But parents should realize that the social skills their children learn from natural conversations with each other are as important as schoolwork and the skills they will need in the future work. What's more important in their work is that their children should have a sound knowledge of physics or the ability to communicate effectively. As a rule, Chinese parents don't educate their children about the same kind of ambition and confidence as Americans do, nor do they encourage the same level of participation in extra activities. Children are typically advised to study hard and pass exams. They have to spend a lot of time in doing much schoolwork every day. It is a great waste of time to do so. Now more and more Chinese parents have recognized that they should pay attention to developing the potential of their children. I hope that leaders in Chinese educational circles should take some measures to develop the potential of their children. I am very confident about it. （1）From the passage, we know the American parents pay much more attention to . A. the social skills than Chinese parents B. their children's studying hard and well C. what their children want but they can't D. extra activities than schoolwork （2）According to the passage, Chinese parents . A. know more than American parents to educate their children B. owning ambition and confidence is necessary and important C. pay much more attention to their children's fine future D. don't encourage their children to participate in extra activities （3）From the passage, we can infer . A. American children are brave and adventurous B. American children are more active in their studies C. Chinese children have the ability to communicate effectively D. something should be done to develop the potential of the children in China （4）What's the writer's attitude towards Chinese education reform? A. Neutral. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Negative. 【答案】（1）A
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.
I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编及答案解析（11） 摘要：阅读理解题的“三步法”：1．略读。目的是了解短文的主旨大意和便于迅速掌握短文的语篇结构。2．查读。同学们要先通读题干，做到胸中有数；再将短文读第一遍，锁定某些特定信息进行快速阅读，迅速选出最佳答案；先易后难，先做细节题，后做推论题。3．重读短文重点。核查。同学们做题的关键是看清题目的要求，读准的关键是分清句子的结构和确认词性词义。 When Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job,she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standards-based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers. For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges,she’s been named national teacher of the year. Principal Waynes Kettler said he’s worked with many outstanding teachers in his22years as an educator,but Peterson is“just that one step above anybody I’ve ever worked with before.” Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music. When students were reading S.E.Hinton’s novel The Outsiders in their regular classroom, Peterson helped them write a30-minute play with scenes from the book.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused no race,equality and social justice,the themes of the book.Peterson composed two other songs herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book. The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Foils.It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns own even win national honors. As national teacher of the year,Peterson will spend the next year outside the classroom, as a national and international spokeswoman for education. Not surprisingly,She is a big believe in the value of arts education.She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as art or music and physical education because for some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that motivates them to come back to school day after day. 65.The underlined word“daunting”in Paragraph1most probably means__________. A. discouraging B.interesting C.creative D.unbearable
高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide. As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school. Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff's School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God. （1）How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school? A. Through his father's friend's help. B. Through his own efforts to exams. C. Through his father's request. D. Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence. （2）Why did the author's parents put him into an English school？ A. An English school was more influential. B. Foreign trade with China was developing fast. C. It met with Chinese public opinion. D. He could become a successful interpreter. （3）What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school? A. It was skeptical. B. It was mysterious. C. It was thoughtful. D. It was wonderful.【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校，并分析了具体原因。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school”可知，作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.
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