核桃破壳机设计
核桃破壳机设计
摘要
核桃的营养价值很高，不论是在国内还是在国外具有很广阔的市场空间，人们的需求量还是很大的；在我国核桃的品种种类很多，形状大小不一，靠人工破壳很难达到预期的要求，这就需要机械来实现；我国核桃栽培面积大，产量高，加工技术落后，没有较成熟的核桃破壳机械，在一些农家地区，大都还在采用人工破壳取仁的方法，生产力低下，而我国的核桃种植面积和产量每年逐渐增加等问题；本文主要简单介绍我国核桃破壳加工状况，针对核桃破壳机的基本特点及要求，对已有的破壳方法进行反复的方案对比，最终确定击打破壳加工原理方案。针对现有的破壳装置优化处理，设计出适合杂核桃的破壳利器。目前核桃破壳机械装置存在较大的地域差异性，在不同的地方产不同种类的核桃，即大小不一，这样就造成了核桃破壳机械的局限性，现设计的新型核桃破壳机械要能改善地域的差异性，能破多种品种的核桃；分级装置的改进，能使生产效率提高和降低碎仁率；调节装置的改进，可以针对不同品种的核桃。该装置主要机构有：分级装置、导向装置、破壳装置、减速装置、传动装置和调节装置等装置构成。
关键词：核桃破壳机械；装置优化；分级装置；导向装置；破壳装置；减速装置；传动装置；调节装置
ABSTRACT
The walnut high nutritional value, whether at home or abroad has a very broad market space, people's demand is still very large; kind of variety in China's walnut, shapes and sizes, by artificial broken shell is difficult to achieve expected requirements, which require mechanical implementation; China's walnut cultivation area, high yield, processing technology is backward, not more mature walnut broken shell mechanical, in some farm areas, most are still using artificial broken shell to take the kernel method low productivity of walnut acreage and production increases year over year and other issues; In this paper, a brief introduction to China's walnut broken shell processing conditions, repeated walnut shell breaking the basic characteristics and requirements, have the broken shell program contrast, and ultimately determine the strike to break the principle of shell processing program. Optimization process for existing broken shell, the broken shell tool designed for hybrid walnut. Walnut broken shell mechanism there is a big regional differences, different types of walnut production in different places, large and small, would have resulted in a the walnut broken shell mechanical limitations, the current design of the new walnut broken shell mechanical to improve the geographical differences, can break the varieties of walnut; improvement of the classification device, enabling production efficiency and reduce the rate of broken kernels; improved adjustment device for different varieties of walnut. The apparatus main body: classifying means, the guide means, breaking the shell means, the reduction gear device, the drive means and adjusting means constituting.
Keywords:The walnut broken shell mechanical; Device optimization;
Classification device; guiding device; broken shell device; deceleration devices; gear; adjustment device
目录
第一章绪论 (1)
1.1 课题研究背景 (1)
1.2 核桃破壳机发展现状 (2)
1.2.1 国外核桃破壳机发展现状 (2)
1.2.2 国内核桃破壳机发展现状 (3)
1.3 课题研究的意义 (4)
第二章核桃的基本性能 (6)
2.1 核桃的分类 (6)
2.2 核桃的三维尺寸的测定 (7)
2.3 核桃的受力分析 (11)
第三章核桃破壳机总体结构设计 (12)
3.1 核桃破壳机械的研究重点 (12)
3.2 设计思路来源 (13)
3.3 设计要求 (13)
3.4 核桃破壳机机构设计 (14)
3.4.1 弹簧的设计及计算 (15)
3.4.2 电机的选择 (17)
3.4.3 减速机构的设计 (18)
3.4.4 凸轮的设计及计算 (22)
3.4.5 撞击执行装置设计 (30)
3.4.6 撞击头和调节装置设计 (31)
3.4.7 分级装置设计 (34)
3.4.8 机架设计 (37)
3.4.9 核桃破壳装置整体装配图 (38)
第四章总结与展望 (40)
4.1 设计总结 (40)
4.1.1 设计成果归纳 (40)
4.1.2 设计创新点 (40)