人教版九年级英语各单元语法总结及练习
第一讲
知识目标：1. 提建议的表达方法
2. aloud, loud与loudly的用法
重点：提建议的表达方法
难点：aloud, loud与loudly的用法
Unit 1 How do you study for a test
点击要点
1. by + doing 通过……方式如：by studying with a group
by 还可以表示：“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期间”、“用、”
“经过”、“乘车”等
如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o’clock.
The thief entered the room by the window.
The student went to park by bus.
2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论如：The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。talk to sb. === talk with sb. 与某人说话
3. 提建议的句子：
①What/ how about +doing sth.?
如：What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping?
④Let’s + do sth. 如：Let’s go shopping
⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?
4. a lot 许多常用于句末如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。
5. too…to 太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth.
如：I’m too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。
6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法
三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。
①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,
常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级
形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.
他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。
②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk,
laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如:
She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。
③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往
含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如:
He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。
7. not …at all 一点也不根本不如：
I like milk very much. I do n’t like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。
not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾
8. be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth.
=== be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋如：
I am / get excited about going to Beijing.===
I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。
9. ① end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事如：
The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。
② end up with sth. 以…结束如：
The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。
10. first of all 首先
. to begin with 一开始
later on 后来、随
11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间
either 也（用于否定句）常在句末
too 也(用于肯定句) 常在句末
12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。make a mistake 犯一个错误如：I have made a mistake.
我已经犯了一个错误。
13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人）如：Don’t laugh at me!
不要取笑我!
14. take notes 做笔记，做记录
15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做… 如：
She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。
enjoy oneself 过得愉快如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。
16. native speaker 说本族语的人
17. make up 组成、构成
18. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式…其中之一
如：She is one of the most popular teachers.
她是最受欢迎的教师之一。
19. It’s +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事…
如：It’s difficult (for me ) to study English.
对于我来说学习英语太难了。
句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English
20. practice doing 练习做某事如：
She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。
21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事如：
LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。22. unless 假如不，除非引导条件状语从句
如：You will fail unless you work hard..假如你不努力你会失败。
I won’t write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写
23. deal with 处理如：I dealt with a lot of problem.
24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事
如：Mother worried about his son just now.
妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。
25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气如：
I was angry with her. 我对她生气。
26. perhaps === maybe 也许
27. go by (时间) 过去如：Two years went by. 两年过去了。
28. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事强调正在发生
see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事如：
如：She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.
她看见他正在教室里画画。
29. each other 彼此
30. regard… as … 把…看作为….如：
The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。
31. too many许多修饰可数名词如：too many girls
too much许多修饰不可数名词如：too much milk
much too太修饰形容词如：much too beautiful
32. change…into…将…变为…
如：The magician changed the pen into a book.
这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。
33. with the help of sb. == with one’s help 在某人的帮助下
如：with the help of LiLei == with LiLei’s help
在李雷的帮助下
34. compare … to …把…与…相比
如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.
你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。
35. instead 代替用在句末，副词（字面上常不译出来）
instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替，而不是用在句中，动词
如：Last summer I went to Beijing. This year I’m going to Shanghai instead.去年夏天我去北京, 今年我将要去上海。
I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。
He stayed at home instead of going swimming.
他呆在家里而不是去游泳。
基础巩固
一单项选择
（）1．---- How do you study ______ a test?
---- I study ______ working with a group.
A: for by B: by in C: for from
（）2．Have you ever ______ with a group?
A: study B: studying C: studied
（）3．My sister said she studied by ________ English-language videos.
A: watch B: watching C: watched
（）4．What about _______ the textbook?
A: reading B: read C: to read
（）5．It improves my _______ skills
A: spoken B: speak C: speaking
（）6．I have trouble ________ the new words.
A: memorize B: memorizing C: to memorize
（）7．I don’t know how ________ commas.
A: use B: to used C: used
（）8．Miss Li regards all his students _______ his children.
A: as B: for C: to
（）9．If you don’t know how to spell new words, look them _____ in a dictionary.
A: up B: for C: after
（）10．The small boys decided ________ to each other.
A: not talk B: not talking C: not to talk
三．完形填空（10分）
I like English very much. I think English is very important and 1 . Here are my opinions of 2 English well.
I think there are many ways 3 learn English. For example, asking the teacher 4 help is very helpful. One of my good
5 said he had trouble
6 English. His
7 English is very poor. So he reads aloud every morning. Now he can speak English
very well. Watching English shows on TV can also be helpful. You can learn many words 8 them. Remember “Where there is a
9 , there is a way.” Believe you can do it 10 .
（）1．A: useful B: use C: used
（）2．A: learn B: learns C: learning
（）3．A: to B: for C: of
（）4．A: to B: for C: of
（）5．A: friend B: a friend C: friends
（）6．A: learn B: learning C: to learn
（）7．A: speak B: spoken C: speaking
（）8．A: by B: in C: from
（）9．A: shall B: can C: will
（）10．A: well B: good C: bad
四．阅读理解（20分）
A
This week we asked students at New Star High School about the best ways to learn more English. Many said they learnt by using English. Some students had more specific suggestions. Lillian Li, for example, said the best way to learn new words was by reading English magazines. She said that memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little. When we asked about studying grammar, she said, “I never study grammar. It’s too boring.”
Wei Ming feels differently. He’s been learning English for six years and really loves it. He thinks studying grammar is a great way to learn a language. He also thinks that watching English movies isn’t a bad way because he can watch the actors say the words. Sometimes, however, he finds watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly.
Liu Chang said that joining the English club at school was the best way to improve her English. Students get lots of practice and they also have fun. She add ed that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. “We get excited about something and then end up speaking in Chinese,” she said.
阅读文章，判断下列句子是否正确，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”
（）1. Lilian Li thought the best way to learn new words was by memorizing them.
（）2．Lilian Li never studied grammar.
（）3．Wei Ming has learned English for seventy-two months.
（）4．Joining the English club at school was Liu Chang’s best way to improve her English.
（）5．Liu Chang thought having conversations with friends was helpful.
B
根据日历选择正确答案
（）1. What activity does the Community Center have on Tuesday?
A: Chess Club Meeting B: Bing go C: Movie （）2. When is the sewing class?
A: on Monday B: On Friday C: On Wednesday （）3. What time does the movie start on January 9?
A: 9 pm B: 8 pm C. 10-11 pm
（）4. If you want to go to Shopping Trip, when can you go?
A: On Jan 11 B: On Tuesday 7-9 pm C. On Jan 27 （）5. What is happening on Jan 20?
A: Dance Class B: Dinner and Dancing C: Shopping Trip 五．翻译句子（10分）
1．I study by reading the textbook.
______________________________________________________________.
2．I can’t pronounce some of the new words.
_______________________________________________________________.
3．It wasn’t easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked.
_______________________________________________________________.
4．He thinks making flashcards is a good way to learn English.
_______________________________________________________________.
5．Tom said studying grammar is not helpful at all.
________________________________________________________________. 六．根据中文完成句子（10分）
1．我的叔叔经常询问我的学习情况。
My uncle often ________ me _________ my study.
2．他说最好的学习新单词的方法是通过看英语杂志。
He said the best _______ _______ learn the new words was _______ reading English magazines.
3．听磁带是一种好的学习英语的方法。
________ _______ _________ is a good way to study English.
4．他们以中文结束了对话。
They ______ ______ ________ in Chinese.
七．写作（10分）
以“How do I study English?”为题写一篇小短文。可以写你学习英语的困难以及学习方法。
要求：不少于30单词；字迹工整；
How do I study English?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________
第二讲
1. 抽查上一单元重点短语、句子。
2. 讲解上周课后练习.
知识目标：1. used to do sth.
2．反意疑问句
重点难点: 反意疑问句
Unit2 I used to be afraid of the dark
1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
否定形式：didn’t use to do sth. / used not to do sth.
如：He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。
Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.
He didn’t use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。
2. 反意疑问句
①肯定陈述句＋否定提问如：Lily is a student, isn’t she?
Lily will go to China, won’t she?
②否定陈述句＋肯定提问如：
She doesn’t com e from China, does she?
You haven’t finished homework, have you?
③提问部分用代词而不用名词Lily is a student, isn’t she?
④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。如：
He knows little English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？
They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？
3. play the piano弹钢琴
4. ①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣
②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣
如：He is interested in math, but he isn’t interested in speaking
English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。
5. interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人
interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物
6. still 仍然，还
用在be动词的后面如：I’m still a student.
用在行为动词的前面如：I still love him.
7. the dark 天黑，晚上，黑暗
8. 害怕…be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog.
be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking.
9. on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运转中/打开，
其反义词off. with the light on 灯开着
10. walk to somewhere 步行到某处walk to school 步行到学校
11.spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间”
①spend…on sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间）
②spend…doing sth.花费（金钱、时间）去做某事如：
He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着
He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。
Pay for 花费
如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。
12. take 动词有“花费”的意思常用的结构有：
take sb. … to do sth.如：It takes me a day to read the book.
take … to do sth.
13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊如：I like to chat with him.
我喜欢和他聊天。
14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事worry 是动词
be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事worried 是形容词
如：Don’t worry about him. 不用担心他。
Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。
15. all the time 一直、始终
16. take sb. to + 地方送/带某人去某个地方如：
A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。
Lui took me home. 刘把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to)
17. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有
hardly ever 很少
hardly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之后，实义
动词之前助动词/情态动词＋hardly
hardly + 实义动词如：
I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。
I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。
18. miss v. 思念、想念、错过
19. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内常与完成时连用如：
I have lived in China in the last few years.
在过去的几年内我在中国住。
20. be different from 与…不同
21. how to swim 怎样游泳
不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定工短语。如：The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。
I don’t know where to go. 我不知道去哪。
22. make sb./ sth. + 形容词make you happy
make sb./ sth. + 动词原形make him laugh
23. move to +地方搬到某地如：I moved to Beijing last year.
24. it seems that +从句看起来好像……如：
It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。
25. help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事
help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事
She helped me with English.她帮助我学英语。
She helped me (to) study English。她帮助我学习英语。
26. fifteen-year-old 作形容词15岁的
fifteen-year-olds 作名词指15岁的人
fifteen years old 指年龄15岁如：
a fifteen-year-old boy一个15岁的男孩
Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15岁的人喜欢唱歌。
I am fifteen years old . 我是15岁。
27.支付不起…can’t /couldn’t afford to do sth.
can’t / couldn’t afford sth.
如：I can’t/couldn’t afford to buy the car.
I can’t/couldn’t afford the car. 我买不起这个辆小车。
28. as + 形容词./副词＋as sb. could/can 尽某人的…能力如：
Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。
29. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦
30. in the end 最后
31. make a decision 下决定下决心
32. to one’s surprise令某人惊讶如：
to their surprise令他们惊讶to LiLei’s surprise令李雷惊讶
33. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪如：
His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪
34. pay attention to sth. 对…注意，留心如：
You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。
35. be able to do sth. 能做某事如：
She is able to do it. 她能够做到。
36. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事如：
My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。
37.不再①no more == no longer 如：
I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。
②not …any more == not …any longer如：
I don’t play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。
38. go to sleep 入睡
基础巩固
一单项填空（本大题有15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
在每小题的三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。[ ]26. Mario is afraid of alone.
A. be
B. being
C. is
D. /
[ ]27. You used to be outgoing, ?
A. do you
B. don’t you
C. didn’t you
D. did you
[ ]28. I haven’t him for a long time.
A. see
B. saw
C. seen
D. seeing
[ ]29. I used to have short hair, but now I have hair.
A. curly
B. long
C. straight
D. brown
[ ]30.----- You used to be short, you ?
------Yes , I .
A. didn’t, did
B. usedn’t, used
C. didn’t, use d
D. usedn’t, did
[ ]31. Playing basketball is very , so I’m more in it.
A. interesting, interesting
B. interested, interesting
C. interesting, interested
D. interested, interested
[ ]32. ----Who do you often swim ?
-----I swim with my classmates, because I am the swim team.
A. /, on
B. with, on
C. with, in
D. with, of
[ ]33. The glass is broken, Try to who did it.
A. find out
B. look
C. see
D. found
[ ]34. My life has changed in the last few years.
A. a lot of
B. lots of
C. a lot
D. a lots of
[ ]35. He’s always busy. And he working late until night.
A. gets used to
B. used to
C. got used to
D. is used for
[ ]36. The light in his room was , but nobody was .
A. in, in
B. on, on
C. in, on
D. on, in
[ ]37. My problem is I’m so busy.
A. that
B. what
C. how
D. /
[ ]38. You can find out the answer to it only in the way.
A. rightly
B. right
C. wrong
D. true
[ ]39. I used to a lot of time games with my friends.
A. take, to play
B. cost, playing
C. spent, on
D. spend, playing
[ ]40. His father makes a living driving a taxi.
A. by
B. with
C. for
D. through
二、完形填空（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。There is a factory near No.14 Middle School. It opened in 1989.Uncle Wang has worked there
41 then, Every year students go to visit the factory. Last November it was Class 3’s turn. Th ey arrived 42 a Tuesday morning. Uncle Wang welcomed them at the factory gate. First he told them 43 about the factory. Then the students followed him to No.1 Machine Shop. Uncle Wang told them 44 the machines because they were dangerous. He was afraid that the students might
hurt 45 , In one corner they saw cutting machines. These machines cut big pieces of metal into small pieces. In 46 corner. They saw a big and 47 machine. It 48 different pieces of metal together. The workers there all
49 thick clothes and glasses. The glasses kept their eyes 50 .The students had a good time in the factory and they learned a
lot of things there.
[ ]41. A .in B. for C. form D. since
[ ]42. A. in B on C./ D. at
[ ]43.A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything
[ ]44. A. not touch B. not to touch C. didn’t touch D. don’t touch
[ ]45. A. themselves B. them C. theirs D. their
[ ]46. A . other B .the other C. another D. others
[ ]47.A. noise B. noisy C .loud D. loudly
[ ]48.A. worked B. took C. joined D made
[ ]49.A. wore B. wear C. put on D. dressed
[ ]50.A. safely B. safe C. health D. healthy
三阅读理解（本大题有15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，并做每篇短文后的题目。从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案，将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
A
Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet, but what is it, do you know? The Internet is a network.. It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world.
Maybe that doesn’t sound very interesting. But when you’re joined to the Internet, there are lots and lots of things you can do. You can send E-mails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also do with all kinds of computers now. They can all be joined to the Internet. Most of them are small machines sitting on people’s desks at home, but there are still many others in schools, offices or large companies(公司). These computers are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself. There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet. For example, your school may have the Internet. You can use it during lessons or free time. Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need. You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet. But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English? So what will English be like tomorrow?
[ ]51. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Internet.
B. Information
C. Computers.
D.E-mails
[ ]52. Which is the quickest and cheapest way to send messages to your friends?
A. By post
B. By E-mails
C. By telephone
D. By satellite(卫星)
[ ]53. Which may be the most possible place for people to work in tomorrow?
A. In the office
B. At school
C. At home
D. In the company
[ ]54. Who’s the owner of the Internet?
A. The headmaster
B. The officer
C. The user
D. No one
[ ]55. What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences?
A. English is important in using the Internet
B. The Internet is more and more popular
C. Most of the Internet is in English
D. Every computer must have the Internet
B
Cell Phones
Do you still remember a few years ago when the pagers ( BP机) were popular and cheap? At that time, cell phones were expensive and only a few people had them.
But now, more and more people have got cell phones in China. In fact, there are more cell phone accounts than regular phone accounts! Business people, school children, and even grandmothers have cell phones.
These new phones get better all the time. We can use them to talk to people, write and send short messages, and go onto e-mails. We can also play games on them. Some cell phones can even take pictures like a camera.
Choose the best answer:
[ ]56 .What things were cheap a few years ago?
A. Computers.
B. Cell phones
C. E-mails
D. Pagers
[ ]57. What does the underlined word ”them” refer to?
A. Pagers
B. Cheap phones
C. Cell phones
D. Computers
[ ]58. Now, cell phones are very .
A. common
B. expensive
C. boring
D. unusual
[ ]59. According to the passage what CANNOT you do with cell phones?
A. Go on-line
B. Read e-mails
C. Watch TV
D. Send messages
[ ]60. Which of the following are cell phones like?
A. Televisions
B. Computers
C. Books
D. Pagers
C
配对阅读，右栏是8条信息，请将这些信息与左栏的问题配对，并将答案的字母编号填写在答题卷的相应位置上。
61.I wonder if a writer can learn a lot from other writers’ books and stories.
62.I think writers are great. So I also wish to be a writer some day. But I want to know how to be a good writer.
63. I want to be a writer, but I spend much time in watching TV instead of reading books. Is it good?
64. My friend says a good writer can do the reading homework my teacher asks us to do easily. Is that right?
65. I want to read all kinds of books but my mother doesn’t let me do so. I am worried about it.A. For a student, he or she should do the reading homework well.
B. It isn’t good. Nearly all great writers read too long before they started to school, and read for hours and hours every day since they became good writers.
C. You should become a good writer.
D. Yes, that’s right. A good writer can read well, so you will find it easy to do the reading homework your teacher asks you to do.
E. Your mother is right. Only doing good reading can help you to be a good writer. Some of the books are not good for students.
F. As we know books are our best friends, they can give us much knowledge and make us happy. So a writer can learn a lot from other writers’ books and stories.
G. I would like to remind you that you will need to be a good reader and to read a lot in order to be a good writer.
To:
From:
Subject: The mobile phone problem
Dear Editor:,
I am a reader of English Salon, I like English Salon very much. Now I have a problem. I hope you can give me some
advice.
I am a middle school student. I used to bring a mobile phone with me during school hours. But the teachers of out
school think using mobile phones is a distraction(分散注意力的事)during school hours and it also causes so much
trouble in class. So now we are not allowed to bring mobile phones to school.
I find it really inconvenient(不方便的). My parents feel unhappy because they can’t get in touch with me. But I can’t
make our school change this rule. What do you think I should do to settle this problem>
Yours sincerely,
Kate
Information Card
Occupation(职业)of the writer 81
Problem 82
Reason for writing the e-mail 83
The school rule 84
What she used to do 85
B）书面表达：
假如你是《英语沙龙》的编辑John，根据以上的内容，给kate回e=mail，提出你的看法和建议，邮件的格式已写好。（80字左右）
第三讲
温故知新
1. 抽查上一单元重点短语、句子。
2. 讲解上周课后练习.
知识目标：指示代词用法，名词复数变化规则
重点难点：名词复数变化规则
Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes
点击要点
1.语态：
①英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态
主动语态表示是动作的执行者
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者
Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。
Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。
②被动语态的构成
由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成
助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。
时态被动语态结构例句
一般现在时am
are +过去分词
is
English is spoken in many
countries.
一般过去时was +过去分词
were + 过去分词
This bridge was built in 1989.
情态动词can/should
may +be+过去分词
must/……
The work must be done right
now.
③被动语态的用法
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如：
Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。
be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）如：
LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。
3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
让/使（别人）做某事get sth. done(过去分词)
have sth. done 如：
I get my car made. == I have my car made. 我让别人修好我的车
4. enough 足够
形容词＋enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮
enough＋名词如：enough food 足够食物
enough to 足够…去做…如：
I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。
She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止说话。
stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事Please stop to speak.
请停下来说话。
6. 看起来好像…sb. seem to do sth. = it seems that +从句
He seems to feel very sad.
It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。
7. 系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。连系动词除be 和become 等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。如：
They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired.
8. 倒装句:
由so＋助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词＋主语意为：…也是一样
She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。
She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是
She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。
She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。
9. yet 仍然，还常用在否定句或疑问句当中
10. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点。
11. clean up 打扫整理如：
I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完了卧室。
12. 程度副词：
always总是usually经常sometimes有时never从不
如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school.
我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到。
13. 曾经做某事：
Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
14. go shopping(去购物), go fishing(去钓鱼), go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去划船), go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步)
15. be strict with sb. 对某人严厉如：
Mother is strict with her son. 妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。
16. take the test 参加考试
pass the test 通过考试
fail a test 考试失败
17. the other day 前几天
18. agree 同意反义词disagree不同意动词
agreement 同意反义词disagreement 不同意名词
18. keep sb/ sth. ＋形容词使某人/某物保持….如：
We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净。
19. both…and…+动词复数形式
如：Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.
20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么) 如：
Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语
21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事
have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事
如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.
22. at present 目前
23. at least 最少at most 最多
24. 花费take ,cost, spend , pay
sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.
sth.cost (sb.) …… The book cost (me) 100yuan.
sb.spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book.
sb.spend …doing sth.She spent 10days reading this book.
sb.pay … for sth.She paid 10yuan for this book.
25. have +时间段+off 放假，休息如：have 2 days off
26. reply to 答复某人如：She replayed to MrGreen.
27. agree with sth. 同意某事如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意见如：I agree to LiLei.
28. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍如：
Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。
29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv.
30. think about 与think of 的区别
①当两者译为：认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用
I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。
②think about 还有“考虑”之意，think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用
At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。
We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。
31. 对… 热衷，对…兴趣
be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。
be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。
32. practice doing 练习做某事She often practice speaking English.
33. care about sb. 关心某人如：Mother often care about her son.
34. also 也用于句中
either也用于否定句且用于句末
too 也用于肯定句且用于句末
I am also a student. 我也是一个学生
I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。
I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。
基础巩固
一、单项选择:（15分）
( ) 1.—Jim enjoys listening to pop music. — .
A. So does Helen.
B. Also is Helen
C. Helen likes also
D. So Helen does
( ) 2. Our English teacher is very strict ___ us and he is strict ____his teaching.
A. with, at
B. with, with
C. at, at
D. with, in
( ) 3. —What’s the matter?
—They said I should not be allowed here. They don’t allow __in the waiting room.
A. smoking, to smoke
B. to smoke, smoke
C. to smoke, smoking
D. smoking, smoking
( ) 4. He doesn’t do his homework __________, though he has ___________.
A. carefully enough, enough time
B. enough carelessly, time enough
C. carelessly enough, enough time
D. enough carefully，enough time
( ) 5. The little child was too ____________to hear the end of the long speech.
A. sleepy
B. asleep
C. sleep
D. sleeping
( ) 6. Everyone ____________to have at least eight__________sleep at night.
A. needs, hour’s
B. need, hours’
C. needed, hour’s
D. needs, hours’
( ) 7. We should go to school at 8:00 ______________ school mornings.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. of
( ) 8. Something is wrong with my PDA.I will get it ___________ .
A. repair
B. repairing
C. to repair
D. repaired
( ) 9. ——Excuse me, you are _________ of my passing through.
——I’m sorry, here you go.
A. on the way
B. in the way
C. out the way
D. off the way
( ) 10. Jill didn’t finish the homework,_________.
A. either
B. too
C. also
D. neither
( ) 11. You must concentrate more _________ your English.
A. to
B. in
C. on
D. at
( ) 12. That is a good way to keep _________ teachers and students happy.
A. either
B. none
C. all
D. both
( ) 13. Don’t get_________ when you study in groups.
A. noise
B. noises
C. noisy
D. noising
( ) 14. We should learn _________ each other.
A. to
B. from
C. for
D. of
( ) 15. The children often take time to do things like_________.
A. volunteer
B. to volunteer
C. volunteers
D. volunteering
二．完形填空（15分）
Small cars may take the place of（代替）big cars in the future（将来）. There is 1 for only two people in such a car. If everyone 2 such a car , there will be less pollution 3 （污染）the air. There will also be more space for 4 cars in cities, and the streets will be less crowded. The little cars will cost 5 less. Driving will be 6_ ,too, as these little cars can go only 65 kilometers per hour. If big cars are still used along with the small 7, two sets of road will be8 in the future. Some roads will be used 9 the big, fast cars, and 10 roads will be needed for the slower small ones.
( ) 1. A. place B. space C. a room D. seat
( ) 2. A. rides B. drives C. pushes D. pulls
( ) 3. A. for B. on C. in D. at
( ) 4. A. stopping B. stop C. parking D. park
( ) 5. A. lots of B. many C. much D. more
( ) 6. A. danger B. dangerous C. safe D. safer
( ) 7. A. one B. ones C. seat D. seats
( ) 8. A. need B. needing C. needs D. needed
( ) 9. A. as B. by C. for D. in
( ) 10. A. the other B. the another C. another D. other
三．阅读理解:（20分）
( A )
Hundreds of years ago there lived a king in a small country. He liked swimming. When summer came, he always went to another palace by a forest with his guards and returned to the capital in autumn.
One afternoon the king went swimming in a river in the forest but he didn’t tell others about it. He was very happy when he s wam in the water. After that he heard a great noise and saw a big bear coming at him. He tried his best to run away. He ran and ran and at last he lost his way. He was hungry and tired when he found an old house. There was an old farmer in it. “It’s your king,” he said to the old man.” I’m hungry now. Bring me something to eat quickly!”
The old man had nothing dear. He only had four e ggs. The king ate them and felt better.” How much must I pay you for that?”
“Eighteen pounds.”
“How dear they are! Are eggs rare（稀有的）here?”
“No,” answered the old farmer. “We have only one king in our country!”
( ) 1. _________, he was happy.
A. The river was beautiful
B. He was swimming in the water
C. The water was warm
D. The king could swim for a long time
( ) 2. When the king saw the bear, he _________.
A. asked the old farmer to help him
B. cried for help
C. ran away quickly
D. ran outside the forest
( ) 3. At last the king found _________.
A. an old house
B. his guards
C. his capital
D. the bear
( ) 4. The king felt better because _________.
A. he could sleep in the farmer’s house
B. the bear couldn’t find him
C. he ate four eggs
D. the farmer knew he was a king
( ) 5. Which is the best title of the story?
A. The King and the Old Farmer
B. The King in the Forest
C. The King and the Bear
D. The Kind hearted King
( B )
An old scientist recently made several tests with different animals to find out which was cleverer than other animals.
In one test the old scientist put a monkey in a room where there were several boxes. Some boxes were inside other boxes. One small box had some food in it. The scientist wanted to watch the monkey and to find out how long it would take the monkey to find the food. The scientist left the room. He waited a few minutes outside the door. Then he got down on his knees (膝盖) and put his eyes to the keyhole. What did he see? To his surprise, he found himself looking into the eye of the monkey. The monkey was on the other side of the door and looked at the scientist through the keyhole.
( ) 6. The scientist did the test to see ____________.
A. if the monkey would steal (偷) the food
B. if the monkey would look for the food
C. if the monkey was cleverer than other animals
D. if some boxes were inside other boxes
( ) 7. In one test the scientist put a monkey __________.
A. into a small box
B. into several small boxes
C. into a box where there was some food
D. in a room
( ) 8. After the scientist left the room, the monkey_________.
A. began to eat food
B. began to look for food
C. looked at the scientist through the keyhole
D. came into the boxes one after another
( ) 9. The scientist_______________.
A. got down on his knees and waited outside the door
B. got down on his knees and heard with his ears
C. left the room for a long time
D. looked at the monkey through the keyhole with his eyes
( ) 10. To the scientist’s surprise ______________.
A. the monkey got down on its knees
B. the monkey came out of the room
C. the monkey looked at the scientist through the window
D. the monkey put its eye to the keyhole
四．任务型阅读: （10分）
Country Capital Language(s)
India New Delhi Hindi and English
Canada Ottawa English and French
Russia Moscow Russian
Egypt Cairo Arabic
Singapore Singapore City Malay, Chinese, Tamil and English
根据上面的表格用一个或两个词完成下面句子：
1. If you go to , maybe some people can understand you.
2. Egyptians speak .
3. If you go to , you must learn Russian well.
4. The capital of Singapore is .
5. From the form(表格), we can see that is the most important language.
五．词汇
（一）根据所给汉语和首字母,写出正确的英语单词,使其句意完整: （10分）
6. —What’s the result?—My mother will make the ________________(决定).
7. .Don’t get your ears p_______________.
8. Only then will I have a chance to a____________ my dream.
9. All the students must c__________________ their attention on their work.
10. At last, they s_______________ in finishing that hard work.
（二）综合填空（15分）
用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使短文意思正确通顺。
go, with, difference, anymore, wonder, be, do, family, interest, friend, daughter，in
Most parents shout at their children when their son or 1 fails to do his/her homework. But my parents are 2. They often say, “Play more, read more, and watch more.” Sometimes when I am doing my homework at night, my dad will say to me, “Do not do it 3. Go to play!” Sometimes I am puzzled and 4 about the reason. Then they will answer, “You are a big girl now. You can do what you’re 5 in. We think you have the right.” I thank my parents for 6 so thoughtful.
In many 7 , parents and children can’t communicate well. Parents usual ly make their children 8 what they don’t want to do. Things are different 9 me. I have open-minded and humorous parents. My family also has a 10 warm atmosphere(气氛). I like my parents very much, and I think they are very cool.
1.________
2.________
3.________
4.________
5.________
6.________
7.________
8.________
9.________ 10.________
六、书面表达: （15分）
国有国法，校有校规。在你的学校中一定有很多规章制度来规范中学生的行为，使学生们都能健康成长。请你写一篇小短文向大家介绍某条校规、校纪，如能用自己的观点来评价就更好了。（70词左右）
第四讲
温故知新
1. 抽查上一单元重点短语、句子。
2. 讲解上周课后练习.
知识目标：虚拟语气
重点难点：虚拟语气
Unit 4 What would you do?
点击要点
1. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气
通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态
所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的
话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。
If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件
句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：
句型条件从句主句
谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词用
were)
would+动词原形
即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时
(主句) 主语+would+动词原形过去将来时
如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.
如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间)
If I were you, I would take an umbrella.
假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)
I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)
2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事I pretended to sleep just now.
pretend +从句假装…I pretended that I fell asleep.
3. be late for 迟到如：
I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.
4. a few 与a little 的区别，few 与little 的区别
⑴ a few 一些修饰可数名词
a little 一些修饰不可数名词两者表肯定意义
九年级人教版英语Unit9语法讲解与练习 【语法解析】定语从句 ●概念 【导入】 定语 修饰名词或代词的成分（翻译为：......的.......) a dog →a brown dog →a brown dog on the grass 定语从句 修饰名词或代词的句子或在句中作定语的句子，叫定语从句.（翻译为：......的.......) 【简单句如何转化成定语从句的..... （1）This is a brown dog . The dog is playing with a cat on the grass. （合并为一句） 【思路 找重叠部分--dog →合并和代替】 This is a brown dog which/that is playing with a cat on the grass. 先行词 关系词 定语从句（翻译为：......的.......) (2)These are the gifts . Lily gave me the gifts on my birthday . that /which Lily gave me on my birthday. 关系词 定语从句（翻译为：......的.......)
先行词被定语从句修饰的名词或代词, 叫先行词, 而定语从句位于先行词的后面。 关系词用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 ●分类讲解 （一）当先行词为人时的情况 1)He is a person. T he person does what he says. (合并句子） He is a person that/who does what he says. (person是先行词, that/who引导的定语从句，在从句中作主语) 2)He is the man. I have been looking for the man. (合并句子） 【众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在灯火阑珊处..... He is the man who / whom I have been looking for. （the man 是先行词，who/whom引导定语从句, 在从句中作宾语） 【归纳】 当先行词为人时，用关系词who/whom/that引导定语从句，关系词who/that在从句中可以作主语或宾语，whom在从句中只做宾语。 【练一练】 ①He is the boy_____ often helps old people cross the busy street. ②I know these children______ I see play soccer on the playground on Sundays. （二）当先行词为事或物的情况 1）The cat is ill. The cat was bought yesterday.（合并句子） The cat that/which was bought yesterday is ill.
Unit 1-8单元语法重点复习 Unit 1-by表示方式 一、适当形式填空 1. -How can I get good grades? -By ____________(work) hard and _____________(ask)the teachers for help. 2.We can have an hour to play the violin every day by_ (get) up early and (go) to bed late 3.I think you can say sorry to him by (letter). 4.He is going to take a trip to Dalian by (plane). 二、完成答语(注意:用完整的句子) 1.How do you learn new words? (make word cards)→ 2.How can I make lots of friends? (talk on QQ) → 3.How does she study English? (listen to tapes) → Unit 2 ①that, whether/if引导的宾语从句 一、用that或whether/if填空 1.My father thinks the program is very interesting. 2.I wonder the program Readers is popular. 3.Max just asked me I would like to go skating with him. 4.Yesterday the teacher told us the earth goes around the sun. 二、合并句子 1.The flowers are from Shandong. He said.→He said
人教版初中英语九年级全一册语法知识点汇总 动词 1.被动语态（passive voice） （1）主动语态和被动语态 英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（active voice）和被动语态（passive voice）。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语的形式为主动语态；当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。 【练习】：判断下列句子为主动句还是被动句，并找出该动作的执行者和承受者。 Many people speak English. Bell invented the telephone in 1876. English is spoken by many people. The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876. （2）被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。现以动词ask为例，将一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下：
（3）含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+ Be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 Your room must be cleaned every day. The trees may be planted behind the house. This game can be played in the winter. （4）被动语态的用法 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者、或者没有必要说明谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 The blouse is made of silk. The zipper is often used in our daily lives. I think the TV was invented after the car. 2.过去完成时（past perfect tense）* (1)过去完成时的构成：助动词had(用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词 (2)过去完成时的用法 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语，也可用when, before 等引导的从句，或者通过上下文表示。 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. When I got to the school, I realized I had left my backpack at home. The movie had started before I arrived at the cinema. By the time I got to the airport, my flight had already taken off.
Unit1 1.How do you study for a test? 回答：By+doing sth 2.ask sb for help 向某人求助 3.what about=how about怎么样？ 4.practice+sth/doing sth 5.it+is +adj+(for sb)+to do sth 对某人来说做某事是怎么样的 6.the best way to do sth 做某事的好方法 7.ask sb about sth, ask sb to do sth, ask sb not to do sth 8.end up doing sth 9.which ,who, what 等不定代词+v不定式结构10.forget+n/to do sth/doing sth 11.why not do sth=why don’t you do sth 12.learn to do sth, 13.decide to do sth, 14.first of all, 15.help sb do sth 16..look up, 17.worry about 18.changge…into 19.with the help of sb 20.be angry at/about sth,be angry with sb 21.regard…as 22.try one’s best https://www.doczj.com/doc/5519308771.html,pare…to 24.instead of sth/doing sth Unit2 https://www.doczj.com/doc/5519308771.html,ed to +v原型，表示过去常常；否定形式为used not to /didn’t use to,疑问句形式为提used 到句首，或在句首+did 2.be used to +n/pron/v-ing 习惯于做某事 3.be used to do sth/be used for doing sth被用来做某事 4.I go to sleep (with my bedroom light on.)做伴随状语。 5.spend some time (in)doing sth花费时间做某事 6.it seems that 从句，表似乎，好像，表猜测，语气较委婉 7.give up doing sth , 8.be surprised at 9.afford to do sth负担得起，往往和can连用 10.as…as one can =as…as possible 11.one of the+adj最高级+n 复数，表示。。。之一 Unit3 1.allow sb to do sth,允许做某事should be allowed to do sth应该被允许做某事 2.主动语态变被动语态步骤：第一，加be动词（一般现在时选择is,am are，一般过去时选 择was,were，含情态动词选择be）；第二，将动词变成过去分词形式。 3.get sth done 使某事被完成 4.need to do sth结构中主语一般为人;主语为物则用need to be dong/need doing sth，此时为 实意动词;need为情态动词时，用于否定句或疑问，可用于对Must的否定回答 5.instead of+n/pron/v-ing介词短语，代替，而不是； instead代替顶替，后不能接其他词，可以用于句首或句末 6.sometimes有时，为副词，用于句首，句末，或系动词后，行为动词前； some times为名词词组，几次，几倍 7.get to +地点;arrive in+大地点;arrive at +小地点;reach+地点 8.be strict with sb对某人要求严格；be strict in sth对某事要求严格 9.concertrate on 10.a good way to do sth做某事的一种好方法 11.the other day前几天，几天以前12.probably 放在系动词，助动词之后，实意动词之前13.learn from sb向某人学习14.have an opportunity to do sth有机会做某事 15.be a good experience for sb对某人来说是一个好经历 16.others表示除去一部分以后的另一些，但不是剩余的全体,the others表某一范围内除去一部分，剩余的全体 10.have…off休息，放假11.on the way to+地点，在途中，在去…的路上 12. in the way of碍事，妨碍，挡道的
Unit 5语法知识及练习 一、被动语态 （一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。 例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。 （二）被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken 一般过去时：was／were＋spoken 一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken 过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken （三）被动语态的用法 （1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。 （2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。 Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。 （四）主动语态变被动语态的方法 （1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 （2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。 （3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. → The bikes are made by them in the factory. He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him. （五）含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成 We can repair this watch in two days.→This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once.→It should be done at once. （六）特殊情况 1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.→The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday. 2.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now. →（1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now. →（2）Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.
人教九年级英语全一册重点语法总结 1.一般现在时：经常或习惯性的动作或者状态 结构：主语+动词原形/动词现三单形式 +宾语 I like apples 我喜欢苹果 He likes apples 他喜欢苹果 标志词：everyday 每天，usually 通常，always 一直，sometimes 有时，often经常 动词现三单变化的规则： 一般+s ，例如：play---plays 以sh，ch，x，s 结尾加es，例如;wash—washes ，fix---fixes，pass---passes，catch---catches 以辅音+y 结尾，去掉y + ies，例如：study ---studies 2.一般过去时：过去经常或者习惯性的动作或状态 结构：动词过去式+宾语 标志词：yesterday(昨天)，last+时间(上一个。。)，just now (刚才)，ago(以前) I played football yesterday 我昨天踢足球 动词过去式的变化规则： 一般+ed， play –played 以辅音字母+y结尾，去掉 y 为ied， study—studied 以重读闭音节结尾，双鞋最后一个辅音字母节加ed(三明治结尾)，stop—stopped
以不发音的e结尾 +d ，move—moved 3.现在进行时：此时此刻正在进行的动作或者状态 结构：Be(am，is ，are)+动词ing(现在分词) 标志词：now(现在)，at the moment(此刻)，at once (立刻)，right away(立刻) He is reading ，now 他现在正在阅读 现在分词(动词ing)的变化规则 一般+ing，play—playing 以不发音e 结尾，去掉e +ing， ride---riding 3，以重读闭音节结尾(三明治结尾)，双鞋最后一个辅音字母+ing，stop—stopping 以ie结尾，改为y+ing，例如：lie—lying ，die—dying，tie —tying， 4.一般将来时：将要发生的动作或者状态 结构：will/ shall(第一人称疑问句)+动词原形 Be going to +动词原形 标志词：tomorrow 明天，next +时间(下一个。。。)，in +时间段(在。。。之后)，following +时间(接下来的。。。) I will go to school tomorrow 我将要明天去上学 Shall I go to school tomorrow 我明天将要去上学? Shall we go shopping tomorrow ?我们明天将要去购物? I am going to play football next week 我下周将要去踢足球
人教版初中英语九年级全册各单元知识点、语法归纳整理Unit1 How can we become good learners? 一.重点短语 1. ask sb. for help 请求某人的帮助be patient 耐心点儿 2.improve one’ s speaking skills 提髙某人说的能力 3. spoken English=oral English英语口语 4. make word cards 制作单词卡片 5. listen to tapes 听磁带 6. the secret to language learning 语言学习的诀窍 7. be afraid to do sth.不敢'做某事8. fall in love with.. . 爱上 9. body language 肢体语言10. take notes 记笔记 11.make mistakes in grammar 犯语法错误 12.learning habits 学习习惯13. have sth. in common 有...共同点14. pay attention to 注意 15. connect…with…把....与....联系起来 16. write down key words 摘抄重点词17. in class 在课堂上 after class 课后18. be interested in… 对.......感兴趣 19. do sth. on one’s own 独立做某事20. worry about 为...而担忧 21. depend on=rely on 依赖；取决于 二．重点句型 1. What about doing sth ? 例：What about listening to tapes? 2.by的用法 a. 介词 prep. （指交通等）乘； 例：The man came by bus. 那人是坐公共汽车来的。 They went to Shanghai by plane. 他们坐飞机去上海。 b. 表示做某事的方式、方法结构：by+V-ing How do you study for a test? I study by making word cards. 3. 现在完成时态结构：have done，表示 例：Have you ever studied with a group? 5.It’s +adj+ (for sb) to do sth It’s too hard (for me) to understand spoken English. 6. The more you read, the faster you’ ll be. 你的阅读量越大，你的阅读速度就能提髙得越快。 7. find it + adj + to do sth 例：I find it easy to learn English.
新目标九年级英语语法总结Unit1 1. by + doing 通过……方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示："在…旁","靠近","在…期间"、"用,""经过","乘车"等如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o'clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus. 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 如：The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。talk to sb. === talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 如：Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4.a lot 许多常用于句末如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5.too…to 太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级 形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。 如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不根本不如： I like milk very much. I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth. === be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=== I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。 9. ①end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ②end up with sth. 以…结束如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始later on 后来、随 11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也(用于肯定句) 常在句末 12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。 make a mistake 犯一个错误如：I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。 13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人）如：Don't laugh at me!不要取笑我! 14. take notes 做笔记，做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做… She enjoys playing football.她喜欢踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。 16. native speaker 说本族语的人 17. make up 组成、构成 18. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式…其中之一 如：She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。 19. It's +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事… 如：It's difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English 20. practice doing 练习做某事如： She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。 21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事如： LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。 22. unless 假如不，除非引导条件状语从句 如：You will fail unless you work hard..假如你不努力你会失败。 I won't write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写 23. deal with 处理如：I dealt with a lot of problem. 24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事 如：Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。 25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气如：I was angry with her. 我对她生气。 26. perhaps === maybe 也许 27. go by (时间) 过去如：Two years went by. 两年过去了。 28. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事强调正在发生 see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事如： 如：She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。 29. each other 彼此 30. regard… as … 把…看作为….如： The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。 31. too many许多修饰可数名词如：too many girls too much许多修饰不可数名词如：too much milk much too太修饰形容词如：much too beautiful 32. change…into…将…变为… 如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。 33. with the help of sb. == with one's help 在某人的帮助下 如：with the help of LiLei == with LiLei's help 在李雷的帮助下 34. compare … to …把…与…相比 如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。 35. instead 代替用在句末，副词（字面上常不译出来）
人教版九年级全一册英语单元重点语法汇编 Unit 1：How can we become good learners? 第一单元的语法重点是："by+V-ing”结构详解；提建议的句式。 by+V-ing ★“by+V-ing”结构在句子中作方式状语，常用来表示“以、靠、借助、通过、用（某种方法或手段）”而达到某种预期的目的。该结构常用来回答How do you...? 之类的问题。 ★当by 和表示交通工具的名词连用时，它与名词之间不用任何限定词，且名词用单数形式。They often go to school by subway. 他们经常坐地铁上学。 ★ by, in 和with 都可以表示“通过；借助”。by 后接表示动作、行为的名词；in 表示“用某种语言；用某种材料”；with 后接表示物体或工具的名词。如： You may send the book by post. 你可以通过邮局把书寄出去。 提建议句式 ①What/how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you +do sth.? 如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not +do sth.? 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's +do sth. 如：Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/I+ do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? Unit 2：I think that mooncakes are delicious! 第二单元的语法重点是：宾语从句；反义疑问句；表达“花费”。 宾语从句 that, if 和whatever 引导的宾语从句： ★宾语从句中连接词的选择 1. 由that 引导的宾语从句：that 在从句中无词义，不作任何成分，常可省略。如：
人教版九年级英语Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands 词汇+句型+语法专练 I.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 1. We are___________(期待) to visit the famous view. 2. He wrote the word " pride"in capital letters on the___________(黑板). 3. If you___________(重视) your health， then you’ll start being a little kinder to yourself. 4. They traveled on the ship along the___________(海岸). 5. What strange weather! It's colder at___________(正午)than early in the morning. 6. He took out a piece___________(粉笔) and wrote some words on the blackboard. 7. It is bad___________(礼貌) to talk with your mouth full 8. She used to get___________(很生气) at me because I always turned in my homework late. 9.Could you please show me your___________(护照)， young men? 10.Tan Dun’s music Water， which is full of the sounds of nature, is_________(值得) listening to. 11.Thank you for giving me the useful__________(建议) to learn English. 12.It’s one of the good table__________(礼仪) in China to ask the old to eat first. 13. The cinema was half__________(空的) because the movie was so boring. 14. Every dancer was in white__________(除…之外)Jane， the lead dancer,who wore red. 15. Mike breaks the school rules now and then,that is to say， he doesn’t__________(表现) well in school. Ⅱ.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺的单词 1. Beijing is the c___________ of China. 2. The child is shy and doesn't like to g___________ people. 3. There are four s___________ in a year in my hometown. 4.When you visit someone，it’s polite to k___________ at the door before entering. 5.Listen to a piece of light music and you will feel r___________. Ⅲ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.We’re supposed___________(spread) positive energy everywhere we go. 2. My hometown is in the ___________(north )part of the country. 3.I felt___________( relax ) lying in the sun on the beach. 4. I'm sorry to keep you ___________(wait)for a long time,Mike. 5.The mother often___________( kiss) her child when she sees him. 6. Mike is creative enough to come up with new ideas and his ________(suggest)are often practical. 7.He’s giving her French lessons in __________(exchange )for her teaching him English 8.I didn't think I could ever get used to______(live )in a big city after living in the country. 9. Language is not art but a form of human__________ (behave). 10. It is difficult for me__________ (remember)everything that my teacher told me. IV.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词 1.每个人都应该采取行动节约用水。毕竟，水资源是有限的。 Everyone should take action to save water.___________ __________,water resources are limited. 2.美国人对时间很随意。你可以随时打电话。
人教版九年级英语unit11第十一单元语法知识及练习题make 的用法：make 用作使役动词，表示“使....;让.....”1) make sb do sth :使某人做某事 eg: The boss makes them work for 10 hours a day. 2) be made to do sth:被迫做某事 eg: She was made to wait for over an hour.她被迫等了一个多小时. 3) make sb + adj :使某人......... eg: I will try my best to make her happy.我会尽一切努力使她幸福. 4) make sb + n :使某人成为.....,（名词前不用加冠词）eg: We made him our monitor.我们选他为班长. 5) make sb +介词短语:使某人处于某种状态 eg: Sit down and please make yourself at home.请坐，不要拘束. 6) make it + adj + to do sth：使得.....是......的 eg: Mr Zhao makes it interesting to read.赵老师使得阅读变得很有趣. 7) make it +时间：时间约定在...... eg: Let us make it half past two.让我们把时间约定在2:30吧. 练习试题： 1.The peaceful music in the CD made the students _______relaxed. A.feel B.feels C.felt D.to feel 2.Why didn’t Tom o out and play with us yesterday? Because he was made _____ his own clothes by his mother.A.wash B.washed C.to wash D.washing 3.The loud music may make people _____ fast.
被动语态 ①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by短语。如： A man was killed in the accident. / This window was broken yesterday. ②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。如： Rice is also grown in this place. A railroad will be built here in three years. ③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。如： It was written by Lu Xun. A pet dog is never killed by its owner 注意点： ①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语： His teacher gave him a dictionary.→ He was given a dictionary by his teacher..→A dictionary was givento．． him by his teacher. His father made him a kite. →A kite was madefor ．．．him by his father. ②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to. The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day. →The poor man was madeto．． work 12 hours a day ③“动词+…+介词”改为被动时,介词一般在原位不动。 The girl takes good care of．．her little brother.→The girl’s little brother is taken good care of．． by her. ④“be+过去分词”未必表示被动语态,而可能是系表结构。 He is pleased / worried / tired /…….(系表)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……) Hewas hit / knocked down / told / shot / …….(被动)(他被击中/撞倒/关照/射中……) 注意：1）感官动词主动语态的宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。一感（feel）二听（hear, listen to）、三让（let, make, have）、四看（look at, see, watch, notice）例如： The teacher made me go out of the classroom. --> I was made to go out of the classroom （by the teacher）. We saw him play football on the playground. --> He was seen to play football on the playground. 2). 短语动词的被动语态短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。： My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. Such a thing has never been heard of before. 3). 表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成。 It is said that…据说It is reported that… 据报道It is believed that…大家相信 It is hoped that…大家希望It is well known that… 众所周知It is thought that…大家认为 It is suggested that…据建议It is taken granted that…被视为当然 It has been decided that… 大家决定It must be remember that… 务必记住的是 4). 不用被动语态的情况 1）不及物动词或不及物动词短语，如appear, die disappear, end（vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread,