翻译下列句子：
1.有些人在感到压力大的时候往往会吃很多东西。
Some people tend to eat a lot when they feel stressed out.
2.我们在睡觉时，一个窃贼闯进了房子。
While we were sleeping, a burglar broke into the house.
3.他打算大学毕业后出国留学。
He plans to study abroad after he graduates from university.
4.通常，我保留对某人的判断直到我更好地了解他。
Usually, I reserve judgement on someone until I get to know him better.
5.我认为儿童一上学就应该开始学习一门外语。
I agree that children should begin learning a foreign lanuage as soon as they start school.
6.我想得到一份高薪的工作，因为我应该支持我的家庭。
I want to get a high-paying job because I should support my family.
7.除非你想丢掉工作，否则你应该准时。
Unless you want to lose your job, you should be punctual.
8.除非你心甘情愿为孩子牺牲自己，否则你不应该做父母。
Unless you are willing to sacrifice yourself for your children, you should not become
a parent.
9.只要你身体健康，你就可以做任何事。
As long as you are healthy, you can do anything.
10.有许多事情你可以从孩子身上学到，尽管他们很年轻。
There ae many things that you can learn from children though they are young.
11.即使你对考试做好了准备，你也有可能犯错误。
Even if you are well prepared for an exam, it is possible for you to make mistakes. 12.虽然体育主要是加强你的身体，但艺术可以提升你的灵魂。while
While sports mainly strengthen your body, the arts can enhance your soul.
13.大多数农村地区是安全的，而一些城市地区即使在白天很危险。
Most rural areas are saft whereas some urban areas are dangerous even during the daytime.
14.你应该保守你朋友的秘密，这样你才能被人信任。
You should keep your friends' secrets so that you can be trusted.
15.正如我们所知的，每个人都注定有一天会死亡。
As we all know, every human being is destined to die someday.
16.我建议地铁每天运营24个小时，这样，晚上工作的人也可以乘坐。
I suggest running the subway 24 hours a day so that people who work at night can use it.
17.有些人如此愚蠢，以至于没有意识到大自然有多么重要。
Some people are so foolish that they do not realize how important nature is.
18.医生在手术前为病人注射一针，所以病人不会感觉疼痛。
The doctor gave an anesthetic[??n?s'θet?k] before surgery so that the patient would not feel pain.
19.达尔文猜想，生命之所以会进化是因为更能适应环境的生物才能传递基因。Darwin hypothesized that life evolves because better adapted life forms pass on their genes.
雅思写作高手：
【剑8】Pupils mark their own homework: this is an important principle in Japanese schooling as it enables pupils to see where and why they made a mistake, so that these can be avoided in future.
【翻译】学生自己给自己的家庭作业打分：这在日本学校教育中是一条重要原则，因为它能使学生自己发现错误，找出错误的原因，这样能在今后避免再犯那些错误。
【仿写句子】在过去的三十年里过度捕捞导致鲨鱼数量严重下降，以至于海洋生态系统的总体平衡成为一个主要问题。
【翻译】In the past decades, overfishing led
【剑6】
may lose its advantages.
【翻译】廉价劳动力可能使中国的纺织品在美国市场上极具竞争力，而一旦货运的延迟占用了流动资金，并导致冬大衣直到春天才运达目的地，那么这笔交易将会失去其竞争优势。
【仿写句子】手机的便利可能使人们更快、更稳定地保持联系，但是如果收到信的期望在人们中传播开来，传统信件会在人们的交际中复苏。
【翻译】The convenience of mobile phones may make people stay in touch with
each other faster and more stable, but
the traditional letters revive in some people’s communication.
【剑6】
their thoughts in order.
【翻译】然而，当早期人类开始思考周围事物本质时，他们发觉自己需要数字的概念以保持思路清晰。
【仿写句子】当他们的父母在商业公司中担任要职时，发达国家的孩子们会更勇敢并且更有可能意识到竞争。
【翻译】Children in developed countries are more intrepid and more likely to be aware of the competition when their parents hold important positions in business companies.
【剑8】Temperatures climbed more rapidly in the twentieth century as the use of fossil fuels proliferated and greenhouse gas levels continued to soar.
【翻译】到了二十世纪，由于对化石燃料的使用激增，温室气体排放大幅增加，气温极速攀升。
【仿写句子】因为交通网络的高度发展，我们能品尝到各式各样的丰富的水果。
【仿写句子】没有必要去谴责互联网，因为互联网本身是一把双刃剑，它应该被合理地看待。
【翻译】It is not necessary to denounce the Internet because the Internet itself is
【剑7
its sophistication suggests that the Egyptians might have been developing ideas of flight for a long time.
【翻译】虽然它出现在金字塔建成几百年后，但是它的精密程度却显示埃及人想要飞翔的想法已经非常久远。
【仿写句子】虽然在许多教育机构中鼓励专才教育，但是其缺点表明专才可能缺少看待世界的多种视角。
demerit suggests that the specialists may multiple perspectives on the world.
英语状语从句的汉译 [导读]英语状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、目的、结果、比较和方式状语从句等。 【摘要】英语状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、目的、结果、比较和方式状语从句等。有些状语从句的位置比较灵活，有前有后。在英语状语从句的汉译中，我们应注意各类状语从句在英汉两种语言中的位置差异，在译文中适当调整语序，相应地译成符合译文表达习惯的状语从句。 【关键词】英语；状语；从句；汉译；探讨 英语状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、目的、结果、比较和方式状语从句等。有些状语从句的位置比较灵活，有前有后。此外，英语中各类状语从句都有明显的反映其逻辑关系的连接词。汉语的状语从句与英语的状语从句最大区别就在于状语从句的位置和连接词。一般说来，英语中表示方式、比较和结果等关系的状语从句位于主句之后，其它状语从句的位置比较灵活，可前可后。汉语中多数状语从句是放在主句之前，只有比较和结果状语从句位于主句之后，方式状语从句则可前可后。因此，在翻译状语从句时，无论是英译汉，还是汉译英，我们应注意各类状语从句在英汉两种语言中的位置差异，在译文中适当调整语序，相应地译成符合译文表达习惯的状语从句。其次，应注意连接词，分清主句和从句之间的逻辑关系，尤其是在汉译英时，因为汉语造句多用意合法，一些连接词往往省略。英译汉时，还应注意尽量避免机械地照搬连接词的汉语对应词或译义，在准确理解主句和从句间的逻辑关系后，进行相应的句型转换，如将英语的时间状语从句译为汉语的并列句或条件句，地点状语从句译为汉语的条件句等。汉译英时我们还应注意主语的使用。 一、状语从句前置 英语中的时间、地点、条件、原因等状语从句可前可后，而汉语中的这类状语从句一般前置；英语中表示条件的状语从句一般位于句首，尤其是虚拟条件句，这类条件句常常采用顺译法，将从句置于句首；英语中的让步状语从句前后均可，而汉语则前置为多。Culture shock does not seem like a very helpful experience, when you are going through
状语从句 （2011全国卷II 19）虽然有点贵，但是这顿饭还不错。It was a nice meal, though a little expensive. （2011北京卷 29）她主攻排球的同时，也擅长篮球。While volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball. （2011上海卷 36）如果许多人说某本电影不好看，我不会急着去看，我一直等到它的DVD出版。 If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait until it comes out on DVD. （2011上海卷 37）在我们的城市工作的警官为了我们能安居而努力工作。 The police officers in our city work hard in order that the rest of us can live a safe life. （2011江西卷 29）请让我的秘书安排会见，今天下午或其他任何对你来说方便的时间。
Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or whenever it is convenient to you. （2011浙江卷 4）一个星期五，当我的女儿听到求救声的时候我们正在为周末出行打包启程。 One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help. （2011福建卷 33）威廉王子和凯特米德尔顿在2011年4月29日这一天步入了婚姻的殿堂。 It was April 29, 2011 when Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. （2011四川卷 4）尽管我费了好大劲儿把他叫醒，但是弗兰克坚持说他没有睡着。 Frank insisted that he was not asleep although I had great difficulty in waking him up.
状语从句翻译练习 Practice makes perfect!让我们一起坚持联系，坚持就是胜利！ 第一关 1. 他喜欢去有海的地方旅游。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 请把这些书放回原处（它们原来所在的地方）。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 因为昨晚下雨了，所以地面很湿。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面很湿。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 既然大家都明白了，咱们开始吧。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二关 6. 孩子们一边唱歌一边跳舞。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 为了能赶上第一班车，他很早就起床了。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 他起床很早，结果赶上了第一班车。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. 他立刻关掉电源以防火灾。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. 老人气得说不出话来了。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第三关 11. 天太热，大家都去游泳了。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. 假如没有水，会发生什么呢？ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. 我不会其参加那个聚会的，除非受到邀请。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. 只要你相信我，我会帮你实现目标的。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. 一旦你失去信心，就会失去一切。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. They like to go traveling where there is the sea. 2. Put the books where they were. 3. Because it was raining last night, the ground is wet. 4. It must have been raining last night because the ground is wet. 5. Since everyone understands it, let's begin. 6. Children are singing while (they are) dancing. 7. He got up early so that he could catch the first bus. 8. He got up so early that he caught the first bus. 9. He cut off the electricity so that he could prevent the fire from breaking out. 10.The old man was so angry that he couldn't say any words. 11.It was too hot so all went swimming. 12.If there were no water, what would happen? 13.I won't go to the party unless I am invited. 14.If you trust me, I will be able to help you to achieve your goal. 15. Once you lose your confidence, you lose everything. 第四关 16. 孩子虽小，可他很懂事。 17. 即使人人都这么说，我还是不愿相信这是真的。
状语从句翻译练习Practice makes perfect!让我们一起坚持联系，坚持就是胜利！第一关 1. 他喜欢去有海的地方旅游。 2. 请把这些书放回原处（它们原来所在的地方）。 3. 因为昨晚下雨了，所以地面很湿。 4. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面很湿。 5. 既然大家都明白了，咱们开始吧。 第二关 6. 孩子们一边唱歌一边跳舞。 7. 为了能赶上第一班车，他很早就起床了。 8. 他起床很早，结果赶上了第一班车。 9. 他立刻关掉电源以防火灾。 10. 老人气得说不出话来了。 第三关 11. 天太热，大家都去游泳了。 12. 假如没有水，会发生什么呢？ 13. 我不会其参加那个聚会的，除非受到邀请。 14. 只要你相信我，我会帮你实现目标的。 15.一旦你失去信心，就会失去一切。 第四关 16.孩子虽小，可他很懂事。
17.即使人人都这么说，我还是不愿相信这是真的。 18.不管你同意与否，我都会选择这所大学。 19.无论你是谁，都要出示通行证。 20.无论你走到哪里，我都会和你在一起。 第五关 21.请按照我告诉你的去做这个实验。 22.他说起话来像个姑娘似的。 23.我没他跑得快。 24.他们来得比我们早。 25.你听英语越多，你的口语就越好。 第六关 26 . 当你离开教室的时候，不要忘记关窗和灯。 26.从两年前离开上海以来，一直住在伦敦。 27.昨天珍妮一到家，天就开始下雨了。 28.这个婴儿直到看见他妈妈才停止哭泣。 29.今天晚上我不去参加聚会了因为我有很多作业要做。 第七关 31 因为期末考试还剩下一周的时间了，同学们都很忙。（there be to go） 32 由于这些产品都具备相似的效果，你可以任选一款。 33 他坐到老人的对面以便听得更清楚。（so that） 34.似乎过了好一会儿才轮到我。 35.趁早努力学习。 第八关
状语从句的翻译 例1.When the levels reached 6 percent the crew members would become mentally confused, unable to take measures to preserve their lives. 当含量达到6%时, 飞船上的人员将会神经错乱, 无法采取保护自己生命的措施。（时间状语从句） 例2.When censorship laws are relaxed, dishonest people are given a chance to produce virtually anything in the name of “art”. (83年考题) 当审查放宽时, 招摇撞骗之徒就会有机可乘, 在“艺术”的幌子下炮制出形形色色的东西来。（时间状语从句） 例3.When tables and other materials are included, they should be conveniently placed, so that a student can consult them without turning over too many pages. 当书中列有表格或其他参考资料时, 应当将这些内容编排在适当的位置, 以便使学生在查阅时, 不必翻太多的书页。（时间状语从句） 例4.This happens when a fact is discovered which seems to contradict what the “law” would lead one to expect. 每当发现一个事实使人感到与该定律应得出的预期结论相矛盾的时候, 就发生这种情况。（时间 状语从句） 例5.Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a 'valid' or 'fair' comparison. (92年考题) 既然对智力的评估是比较而言的, 那么我们必须确保, 在对我们的对象进行比较时, 我们所使用的尺度能提供“有效的”或“公平的”比较。（原因状语从句）
目的、结果状语从句 1.这个外国人以手势助说话，这样他就能使听众明白他的意思。(so that) 2.这位退休教师家住的离学校那么远，我们很少能见到他。(so….. that) 3.我说了什么使他竟然对我那么生气？(that) 4.他发音进步很快，英语已经读得非常漂亮。(such… that) 5.大象有强壮的身躯可以为人干重活。(so… that) 6.老师劝我们多带衣服以防天气转冷。(in case) 7.为了不被人轻易认出，这些影星们穿着便装。(in order that) 8.这部有关第一次世界大战的历史小说引人入胜，我简直爱不释手(so… that)。 （上海市高考题） 地点状语从句 1.他在前天掉的地方找到了他的手机。(where) 2.在涉及到公司的利益之处，我们绝不可能轻易放弃。(where) 3.此后无论何时他有机会，他就会同她说话。(whenever) 4.哪儿有病人和苦难，哪儿就有红十字会的工作人员。(wherever)
让步状语从句 1.尽管我承认问题很难，我不同意说它们不能解决。（while） 2.无论我给他们多少忠告，他还是一意孤行。（no matter how） 3.即使我们旅行后很累了，我们仍情绪高昂。（Even if） 4.尽管他喜欢布朗教授的讲课，但不喜欢他的举止。（though） 5.无论你有可能说什么，我都会毫不犹豫地帮助她克服困难。（whatever） 6.这个工人无论怎样努力，他似乎总是不能把工作做得令人满意。（however） 7.不论你是冬天来还是夏天来，你都会觉得这是个居住的好地方。 （whether…or…） 8.不管我何时打电话请求帮助，他都会马上来我家。（whenever） 9.今晚无论是谁来串门，告诉他我不到十点钟是不会回来的。（whoever） 10.虽然并不富裕，但是他对自己的生活相当满意。（Although）（上海市高考题）
状语从句翻译练习 1.尽管天气变冷了，他们还是像以前一样努力工作。 2.即使你会失败，你也应该尽你的努力去完成工作。 3.我们必须带雨衣，以防天下雨。 4.据我所知，英文语法中没有这样一条规定。 5.请把前门的钥匙放在我们容易找到的地方。 6.我刚告诉他这个消息，他就哭起来。 7.你越是努力学习英语，你说英语就会越好。 8.除非天下雨，否则飞机将正点起飞。 9.我们早晨早点走，以便我们能及时赶到机场。 10.当我们听到老师告诉我们的那个消息，我们都激动得睡不 着觉 11.乘务员怕旅客不明白，她又解释了一遍。 12.我们做得越多，就越能做；越是紧张，就越有闲暇(leisure)。 13.当乌云出现时(appear)，聪明人就披上斗篷(cloaks)。 1.They worked as hard as before although the weather got cold. 2.Even if (even though) you fail, you should do your best to finish your work. 3.We must take raincoat in case it rains 4.So far as I know, there is not such a rule in English grammar. 5.Please put the key to the front door where we can find it easily. 6.No sooner had I told him the news than he began to cry.
学习一-好资料 状语从句专项练习 1.1 won ' t call you, unless something unexpected happens. 2. We all know that, if not carefully dealt with, the situation will get worse. 3. If he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. 4. Pop music is such an importa nt part of society that it has even in flue need our Ian guage. 5. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are not man aged carefully. 6. While I really don ' t like amtj hfe work impressive. 7. The field research will take Joa n and Paul about five mon ths; it will be a long time before we meet them agai n. 8. Leave your key with a neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day. 9. Tim is in good shape physically even though he doesn ' t get much exercise. 10. You will be successful in the interview once you have con fide nee. 11 .What a serious problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. 12. He was told that it would be at least three more months before he could recover and return to work. 13. Unless there is a snowstorm or some other bad weather, the mail always comes on time. 14. Whatever the weather is like tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao. 15. Unless our manager objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. 16. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, even though they knew it to be valuable. 17. My pare nts live in a small village. They always keep can dies in the house in case there is a power out. 18. We had to wait half an hour before we had already booked a table. 19. — Where' s that report? ---1 brought it to you when you were in Mr. Black ' s office yesterday. 20. --- Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? ---I don ' t mind where we 郸long as there ' s,ssea and beach. 21--- Do you have a minute? I ' ve got something to tell you. —Ok, if only you make it short. 更多精品文档
时间状语句翻译练习 When I was in junior middle school, I was slow / bad in math. 当我读初中的时候，我数学很糟糕。 When I grew older, I became more interested in music . 当我长大一些的时候，我变得对音乐更感兴趣了。 When the sports meeting takes place next week，20,000 volunteers will serve the public warmly. 下周，运动会开始的时候，两万名志愿者将会热情地为大众服务。Whenever I had difficulty in study, he always helped me patiently. 每当我学习有困难的时候，他总是耐心地帮助我。 When ／While ／As she was making a phone call，I was writing a letter. 当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer． 随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。 I have made great progress since he helped me with my study. 自从他帮助我学习以来, 我取得了很大的进步。 Mr. Brown had worked in a university for twenty years before he came to our middle school.. 布朗先生来我们中学之前已经在一所大学里工作二十年了。 Our teacher suggests that we should take notes as we listen. 老师建议我们边听课边做笔记。( take notes ) You must first learn to walk before you try to run. 在想要跑以前，你得先学会走。 People do not know the value of their health until they lose it. 人们直至失去了健康才知其可贵。 I will write to you as soon as I get home. 我一到家就给你写信。 Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。 He left me a good impression the first time I met him.
原因状语从句 I．because 1．因为他诚实，所以他的朋友喜欢他。 2．他的朋友喜欢他是因为他诚实。 II．now that 1．既然大家都到了，我们可以开始讨论了。 2．既然你已经康复了，你就可以回去工作了。. 条件状语从句 I．if，unless 1．如果我回去晚了，妈妈会生气的。 2．如果你愿意，你可以试一试。 3．除非明天下雨，不然我是要去的。 4．除非我们现在出发，不然我们就迟到了。 II．so long as 1．只要你不离开河岸太远，你可以去游泳。 2．只要你答应不去赌博（go gambling），我就同意把钱借给你。 3．只要你保持安静，你可以留在此地。 让步状语从句 I．even if，even though 1．即使你付钱给我，我也不愿做着事。 II．whether or not，whether…or…(not) 1．不管这是否是最好得计划，他们都必须执行。 2．不管你是否愿意，你必须把它做好。 IV．wh-ever, no matter wh- 1.不论怎么做,这件事都将是错误的。 2.不管他是谁，不要给他开门。 3.无论你做什么，你必须尽力而为。 5. 无论发生什么事，不要改变主意。 6. 不管工作有多么困难，我们必须按时完成。 V .though\although 1.他虽然很累，但很开心， 2.他虽然很穷，但乐于助人。 目的状语从句 I . so that (will,shall,may,can) 1．他把我的鞋拿走了，这样我就不能离开屋子了。 2．我给他一把钥匙，以便他可以随时进入房间。
3．他起得很早，为的是能赶上头班汽车。 结果状语从句 II．so…that, such…that, so that 1．他非常生气，以至于说不出话来。 2．他太激动了，结果无法入睡。 3．他讲得很清楚，所以人人都能听得懂。 4．他是一个自私的人，所以没人愿意与他为友。 地点状语从句 1．我住的地方有很多商店。 2．没有水的地方就没有农事（farming）。 3．把药放在你能容易拿得到的地方。 4．我们愿意到人民需要我们的地方去。 5．有志者，事竟成。 方式状语从句 I．as 1．想按照他被告之的那样去做。 2．我要按老师教的那样做练习。 II．as if，as though 1．他看上去好像在生病。 2．他张开嘴好像要说话的样子。 3．她微笑着好像再做一场甜蜜的梦（dream ）。 时间状语从句 Ⅰ.When： 1．他看到我就哭了。 2．我做完作业就来。 3．当我们在看电视时，他走进了房间。 4．他开始给老板干活时，年进十岁。 5．我进去时，他在听收音机。 6．我到家时，爸爸在做晚饭。 7．当消防队员到那里时，火已被扑灭了。 II.before ,after连词前可加just, right, a long time , soon, three days等。 1．他的父亲在他出生之前就死了。 2．做完作业后你可以休息一下。 3．我们在火车到达之前就等了很久了。 4．电影开始十分钟后他们才到。 5．出院不久后他就开始工作了。
状语从句专项练习 1. I won ’t call you, unless something unexpected happens. 2. We all know that, if not carefully dealt with, the situation will get worse. 3. If he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. 4. Pop music is such an important part of society that it has even influenced our language. 5. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are not managed carefully. 6. While I really don ’t like art, I find his work impressive. 7. The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time before we meet them again. 8. Leave your key with a neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day. 9. Tim is in good shape physically even though he doesn ’t get much exercise. 10.You will be successful in the interview once you have confidence. 11.What a serious problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. 12.He was told that it would be at least three more months before he could recover and return to work. 13.Unless there is a snowstorm or some other bad weather, the mail always comes on time. 14. Whatever the weather is like tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao. 15.Unless our manager objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. 16. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, even though they knew it to be valuable. 17. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house in case there is a power out. 18. We had to wait half an hour before we had already booked a table. 19. --- Where ’s that report? --- I brought it to you when you were in Mr. Black ’s office yesterday. 20. --- Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? --- I don ’t mind where we go as long as there ’s sun, sea and beach. 21--- Do you have a minute? I ’ve got something to tell you. --- Ok, if only you make it short. 22. Nancy enjoyed herself so much when she visited her friends in Sydney last year. 23. John thinks it won ’t be long before he is ready for his new job. 24. He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 25. You ’d better not leave the medicine where kids can get it. 26. However hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. 27. I used to love that film when I was a child, but I don ’t feel it that way any more. 28. A small car is big enough for a family of three unless you need more space for baggage. 29. There were some chairs left over when everyone had sat down. 30. Don ’t promise anything unless you are one hundred percent sure. 31. — Did you return Fred ’s call? — I didn ’t need to because I ’ll see him tomorrow. 32. I ’m sorry you ’ve been waiting so long, but it ’ll still be some time before Brian get back. 33. We ’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it ’s very cold. 34. --- Are you ready for Spain ？ --- Yes, I want the girls to experience that while they are young. 35. However well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. 36. She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. 37. My parents don ’t mind what job I do as long as I am happy. 38. You can ’ t borrow books from the school library before you get your student card. 39. Peter was so excited when he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing. 40. All the dishes in this menu, unless otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. 41. Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break when she got to her office.
英语状语从句的汉译 发表时间：2009-03-18T17:21:44.750Z 来源：《中华现代教育》2009年第1、2期合刊供稿作者：江广华[导读] 英语状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、目的、结果、比较和方式状语从句等。【摘要】英语状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、目的、结果、比较和方式状语从句等。有些状语从句的位置比较灵活，有前有后。在英语状语从句的汉译中，我们应注意各类状语从句在英汉两种语言中的位置差异，在译文中适当调整语序，相应地译成符合译 文表达习惯的状语从句。 【关键词】英语；状语；从句；汉译；探讨 英语状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、目的、结果、比较和方式状语从句等。有些状语从句的位置比较灵活，有前有后。此外，英语中各类状语从句都有明显的反映其逻辑关系的连接词。汉语的状语从句与英语的状语从句最大区别就在于状语从句的位置和连接词。一般说来，英语中表示方式、比较和结果等关系的状语从句位于主句之后，其它状语从句的位置比较灵活，可前可后。汉语中多数状语从句是放在主句之前，只有比较和结果状语从句位于主句之后，方式状语从句则可前可后。因此，在翻译状语从句时，无论是英译汉，还是汉译英，我们应注意各类状语从句在英汉两种语言中的位置差异，在译文中适当调整语序，相应地译成符合译文表达习惯的状语从句。其次，应注意连接词，分清主句和从句之间的逻辑关系，尤其是在汉译英时，因为汉语造句多用意合法，一些连接词往往省略。英译汉时，还应注意尽量避免机械地照搬连接词的汉语对应词或译义，在准确理解主句和从句间的逻辑关系后，进行相应的句型转换，如将英语的时间状语从句译为汉语的并列句或条件句，地点状语从句译为汉语的条件句等。汉译英时我们还应注意主语的使用。 一、状语从句前置 英语中的时间、地点、条件、原因等状语从句可前可后，而汉语中的这类状语从句一般前置；英语中表示条件的状语从句一般位于句首，尤其是虚拟条件句，这类条件句常常采用顺译法，将从句置于句首；英语中的让步状语从句前后均可，而汉语则前置为多。Culture shock does not seem like a very helpful experience, when you are going through its four stages. 当你在经历文化冲击的四个阶段时，它似乎并不是一件有益的事。(时间状语从句) Whenever we go, we must build up good relations with people. 我们不论到什么地方，都要和人们把关系搞好。（地点状语从句）You will fail unless you work hard. 除非你积极工作，不然你总要失败。（条件状语从句） Since we live near the sea, we enjoy a healthy climate. 因为我们住在海滨，所以能享受到有益健康的气候。（原因状语从句）二、状语从句后置 汉语中表原因、时间、条件、让步的从句一般前置，但有时也将它们放在主句后面，此时，从句含有补充说明的作用。英语中表示比较、结果、方式和目的的状语从句汉译时可后置。 Everyone likes you as you are both kind and honest. 人人都喜欢你，因为你既和气，又诚实。（原因状语从句） I had been puzzling over the problem for over an hour without any result, when suddenly solution flashed across my mind. 这个问题把我难住了一个多小时，后来我突然开窍了，找到了答案。（时间状语从句）The sound of thunder nearly always follows the lighting flash although they happen together. 雷声几乎总是跟在闪电后面，尽管它们是同时发生的。（让步状语从句）A rocket must attain a speed of about five miles per second so that it may put a satellite in orbit. 火箭必须获得大约每秒5英里的速度，以便把卫星送入轨道。(目的状语从句) These trees and plants in the sea are so far from the top of the water that no one can see them. 海底的这些树木和植物离水面太远，所以没有人能看见它们。(结果状语从句) He speaks English as if he were an Englishman. 他说起英语来好像一个英国人似的。（方式状语从句） 三、状语从句的转换 有些状语从句从形式上看是某种状语从句，但从其主句和从句的逻辑意义来看，却不属于该种状语从句，而属于另一种从句。此时，汉译时就可根据主句和从句的逻辑意义，进行适当的转换，将其翻译成为另一种句型。如将时间状语从句译为条件句或让步状语从句，地点状语从句译为条件句或结果状语从句等等。 When the molecules of a solid move fast enough, the solid melts and becomes a liquid.(时间状语从句)如果固体内的分子达到一定的运动速度，固体就融化为液体。（条件从句）Why use metal when you can use plastic?（时间状语从句）既然可用塑料，为什么要用金属呢？（让步状语从句）Where there is sound, there must be sound waves.(地点状语从句) 如果有声音，就一定有声波。（条件状语从句） Whatever you fellows are recommending today, you will be sorry about a week from now. (让步状语从句) 不管你们这些人今天提出什么意见，从现在起，你们将有一个星期的日子是难过的。（条件分句）四、省略连词 由于汉语造句采用意合法，汉语的复合句常常省略连词。因此，翻译英语中有些状语从句中的连词时，省略比译出更符合汉语表达习惯。此时从句和主句之间可能成为并列关系，或与主句紧缩为一个句子。He came here in 1985, when he was only a little boy. （时间状语从句）他于1985 年来到这里，那时他还只是一个小男孩。（并列句）