1.For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is
never requited. (Unit 1)
A. reconsidered
B. realized
C. required
D. rewarded
2.When I left a 20-year-career in the Coast Guard to become a freelance writer, I
had no prospects at all. (Unit 1)
A. chances of future success
B. financial support
C. social connections
D. permanent job
3. What’s more, I could write on the side. (Unit 1)
A. full time
B. as a secondary occupation
C. with more concentration
D. with enough time
4.Through him I met other struggling artists like Joe Delaney, a veteran painter
from Knoxville, Tenn. (Unit 1)
A. poorly paid
B. practical
C. senior
D. experienced
5.Or, critical thinking is thinking that analyzes thought, that assesses thought,
and that transforms thought for the better. (Unit 2)
A. accesses
B. evaluates
C. scrutinizes
D. decomposes
6.There is a third way to talk about critical thinking overlapping and related to
the other two. It’s thinking about thinking while thinking in order to think better.(Unit 2)
A. covering in part
B. transforming in a way
C. differentiating from
D. excluding to some extent
7.It encompasses basic structure integrated together into a whole.(Unit 2)
A. organizes
B. extends
C. includes
D. limits
8.And not only is the world a world of accelerated change, it’s a world of
intensifying complexity, and of increasing danger.(Unit 2)
A. retarding
B. widening
C. increasing
D. varying
9.“Hello?” a reedy voice called. (Unit 4)
A. sweet
B. shrill
C. happy
D. honest
10.She drew out the last word as if responding to the sight of a luscious cake.
(Unit 4)
A. delicious
B. lustrous
C. attractive
D. soft
11.As the sun brightened, the atmosphere became festive. (Unit 4)
A. cold
B. still
C. joyful
D. depressing
12.I did not want to be responsible for Mable’s insomnia, so I kept the three
dollars. (Unit 4)
A. unhappiness
B. sleeplessness
C. mania
D. misery
13.“Another gray day, gray and gloomy,” she muttered, though really the rain
was more than welcome after last year’s drought. (Unit 5)
A. lack of rain
B. heavy storm
C. strong wind
D. heavy snow
14.But, watching through the window as Tim hurried through the downpour
from pig barn to cattle shed, she knew the answer.(Unit 5)
A. stream of water
B. heavy fall of rain
C. narrow path
D. big expanse
15.“I’m redundant,” Dorothy thought, then realized she was speaking out
loud.(Unit 5)
A. not worried
B. not careful
C. not happy
D. not needed
16.And there were suits available, if she could stand living in an apartment
without a yard or garden.(Unit 5)
A. sets of rooms
B. sets of huts
C. places suitable
D. places needed
17.Chinese not only use numbers to appeal for good fortune, they also bring
them out to chew people out. (Unit 6)
A. praise
B. speak angrily to
C. amuse
D. shout at
18.We often say “three yang make good fortune” to describe the hope that
misfortune will be held at bay and good luck will follow. (Unit 6)
A.no longer be something dreadful
B.be changed to something auspicious
C.be of no importance
D.be kept away
19.In general, Chinese assign lit tle good or bad significance to “five”. (Unit 6)
A. give
B. sign
C. send
D. deliver
20.Businessmen are especially obsessedwith success or failure, so they have to
include auspiciousness in consideration of any affair like opening a factory or signing a contract.(Unit 6)
A. curious about
B. nervous about
C. preoccupied with
D. anxious about
21.The last four digits of the phone number of the Canton Hotel are 8168, a
homophone for “success and yet more success”.(Unit 6)
A.word pronounced like another word but with a different meaning or
spelling
B.word used in place of another word in a home telephone book
C.word that has a different pronunciation from another word but has the
same meaning
D.word that carries an auspicious meaning and is used as a home telephone
number
22.Less commonly, they make mistake with tragic consequences.(Unit 8)
A. sequence
B. concern
C. influence
D. results
23.From this perspective, sleeping until noon on Saturday is not enough to pay
back the ten lost hours as well as meet your nightly requirement of eight.(Unit 8)
A. scene
B. example
C. expectation
D. view
24.I believe this “clock-dependent alerting” can often deceive people into
thinking they are sufficiently meeting their sleep needs.(Unit 8)
A. adequately
B. poorly
C. nearly
D. hardly
25.Yet when their daytime alertness was tested later on, more than 80 percent
were not optimally alert. (Unit 8)
A. best possible
B. actually
C. enough
D. really
26.
27.
28.
商务英语词汇大全abroad adv.在国外，出国，广泛流传 absence n.缺席，离开 absent adj.不在，不参与 absenteeism n.（经常性）旷工，旷职absorb v.吸收，减轻（困难等）作用或影响abstract n.摘要 access n.接近（或进入）的机会，享用权v.获得使用计算机数据库的权利 accommodation n.设施，住宿 account n.会计账目 accountancy n.会计工作 accountant n.会计 accounts n.往来账目 account for解释，说明 account executive n.（广告公司）客户经理accruals n.增值，应计 achieve v.获得或达到，实现，完成acknowledge v.承认，告知已收到（某物），承认某人 acquire v.获得，得到 acquisition n.收购，被收购的公司或股份acting adj.代理的 activity n.业务类型 actual adj.实在的，实际的，确实的 adapt v.修改，适应 adjust v.整理，使适应 administration实施，经营，行政administer v.管理，实施 adopt v.采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人advertise v.公布，做广告 ad n.做广告，登广告 advertisement n.出公告，做广告advertising n.广告业 after-sales service n.售后服务agenda n.议事日程 agent n.代理人，经纪人 allocate v.分配，配给 amalgamation n.合并，重组 ambition n.强烈的欲望，野心amortize v.摊还 analyze v.分析，研究 analysis n.分析，分析结果的报告 analyst n.分析家，化验员 annual adj.每年的，按年度计算的 annual general meeting（AGM）股东年会anticipate v.期望 anticipated adj.期待的 appeal n.吸引力 apply v.申请，请求；应用，运用 applicant n.申请人 application n.申请，施用，实施appointee n.被任命人 appraisal n.估量，估价 appreciate v.赏识，体谅，增值appropriate v.拨出（款项） approve v.赞成，同意，批准 aptitude n.天资，才能 arbitrage n.套 arbitration n.仲裁 arrears n.欠账 assemble v.收集，集合 assembly line n.装配线，流水作业线assess v.评定，估价 asset n.资产 current asset n.流动资产 fixed asset n.固定资产 frozen asset n.冻结资产 intangible assets n.无形资产 liquid assets n.速动资产 tangible assets n.有形资产 assist v.援助，协助，出席 audit n.查账，审计 automate v.使某事物自动操作 average n.平均，平均水准 awareness n.意识；警觉 backing n.财务支持，赞助 backhander n.贿赂 backlog n.积压（工作或订货） bad debt死账（无法收回的欠款）balance n.收支差额，余额 balance of payments n.贸易支付差额balance sheet n.资产负债表
口译必备词汇 Unit 1 外事接待 第一篇 制药有限公司pharmaceutical Co. Ltd 副总经理deputy managing director 研究生graduate student 论文paper 研究成果research findings 实验助手lab assistant 市中心downtown area 假日酒店Holiday Inn 旅馆招待费hotel accommodation fee 招待所guesthouse 舒适如归make sb. comfortable 不尽如人意之处inconvenience in life and work 排忧解难help sb out 第二篇 Stanford University 斯坦福大学 a land of wonder充满奇观的国家 head office 总部 magical power 神奇的魅力 Oriental 东方的 Confucianism 儒家思想 Taoism 道家学说 inexplicable 难以言表的 set foot on 踏上……的土地 cosmopolitan city 国际大都市 maximize 充分利用 in no time 不久 rewarding 有成效的 Unit 2 礼仪祝词 第一篇： 阁下your Excellency... 建交the establishment of diplomatic relations 近海石油勘探offshore oil exploration 积贫积弱,任人宰割enduring impoverishment, long-standing debility and was for a time at the mercy of other countries 落后要挨打lagging behind leaves one vulnerable to attacks 刻骨铭心的教训never-forgotten lesson
剑桥商务英语中级词汇精选 常用词汇句型运用A 1. absenteeism n.（经常性）旷工、旷职；缺勤 As a manager, we have to punish those absenteeism behaviors. 2.access n.接近（或进入）的机会，享用权；市场销路；进入市场 v.使用；获取，使用科技手段取得 We must master the access to market. 3.accumulate v.积累，累积 We couldn’t ignore accumulating our experience. 4.adjust v.调节，修改，核算（盈亏），精算 We have to adjust ourselves to adapt to the new working environments. 5.adopt v.采纳，批准 Adopting different kinds of opinions of our staffs would improve our working efficiency. 6.afford v.买得起，承受得住；承担费用 Selecting an appropriate accommodation, the most important factor is the affording power from our corporation. 7.allocate v.分配，配给 We have allocated the mission equally among all members of the department. 8.agenda n.议事日程 Because of the emergency, we have got to place the language training courses on the agenda. 9.allowance n.不用付税的津贴，补贴；折扣，折价 We should provide allowance to those retired staff. 10.ambition n.强烈的欲望，进取心，雄心 When recruiting a staff, the most important qualities we pay more attention is his ambitions. 11.anticipate v.预订，占先，抢先；预支，提前使用，期待 Before the meeting, we have to anticipate all needs. 12.appeal n.吸引力 We can design some attractive brochures to make an appeal to our customers. 13.awareness n.意识，认识程度 The most fundamental factor is to have the awareness of team work.
商务英语词汇大全（一）economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 经济 mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原
understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产 circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产
国际商务谈判技巧英语 篇一：商务谈判技巧英文 英语商务谈判的语言技巧 美加电话英语认为随着现在社会的发展以后英语学者面临着谈判也随着发展的需求而增 加，在谈判中很多英语高手都会手忙脚乱，如果大家按照小编我说的以下方法去仔细的细分 出自身行业中的英语，那么在盼盼的时候你就是高手。 1．英语商务谈判的词汇选择英语商务谈判中，对于语言的选择很有讲究。首先是词汇上的选择，要求有以下几个原 则： 简洁性的词汇 英语商务在词汇上的选择首先要注意简洁性。商务词汇的应用及生活中英语不一样，及 文学上的词汇选择更不相同，不需要很多的修饰和夸张手法。英语谈判中所选择的词汇尽量 端正、简练、清晰，不使用繁复、模糊的词汇。 精确性的词汇 其次英语商务谈判中的词汇选择要注意精确性，尽量避免歧义的
产生而导致对方的不满 和不理解。同时也不要为了表现谈判者的英语水平而使用英语方言、英语俚语、英语谚语、双关语、洋泾浜语等。 少用表示情感的词汇在商务英语的谈判中，尽量少用修饰词或者带有感情色彩的词汇。因为谈判语言的要求 是实事求是，而感情色彩的词汇往往让人觉得虚假和不可信，甚至有吹嘘的嫌疑。结果是令 人反感。相反，事实和陈述数据的利用往往能确切地反映出某种商品的特点，而且更具有说服力。 2．英语商务谈判的句型结构除了英语商务谈判的词汇选择之外，句子结构的选择也非常有讲究，而且有些句型结构 是可选的，有些句型是一定不要选择或者尽量避免的。 可选的句型结构 1)条件句的应用 条件句型在英语里按其意义可分为真实条件句和非真实条件句 两大类。真实条件句所表示的条件是事实或者在说话人看来有可能实 现的事情。商务谈判者在商务谈判中，通常要选择真实条件句来表达。恰如其分地掌握和运 用条件句，是谈判成功的重要因素之一。此外，虚拟条件句的运用可以表示委婉语气。通常情况下，表示请求、咨询、否定等口气时可以使用。这样可以避免发生令人不愉快的事件。
【外贸必备】外贸术语中英对照 在国际贸易过程中，我们会遇到很多相关行业术语，英文不太好的小伙伴们总是傻傻搞不清，今天我帮大家整理了一些外贸术语中英文介绍，英文不好也不用怕了。美国海关申报费 AMS fee 海运燃油附加费 BAF Bunker Adjustment Fee 并单费combinaton bill of lading fee 出口报关费export customs declaration fee 订舱费booking fee 包干费all in charges 保险费insurance premium 保证金deposit 仓储超期费warehouse overdue fee 仓储费warehouse storage fee 产地证certificate of original 卡车费frucking fee 冲港费special wharf charge
出口操作费export handing charges 重签费reseal fee 拆箱费devanning fee 查验费customs inspection fee 操作费handing charges 超重费over weight charges 堆存费overtime strage charges 目的港手续费destination delivery charges 代垫费用other charges 电放费surrender charges 到付佣金collect commission 地面服务费ground agent service fee 文件费document fee 待时费waiting fee 倒箱费exchange container fee 附加费additional charges
请问你找谁？Who would you like to speak to? 请问你找谁？May I help you? 他不在办公室He is not in the office! 他今天休息，不上班= He is off today, so he won't be in the office. 你可以打他的手机= You can call him by his cellphone. 现在是午休时间，他不在办公室= It is lunch break at the moment, he is not in the office. 他1点半上班，到时再打他电话。= He will be back at one-thirty, please call back later. 他出去了，一小时后回来。= He is out, he will be back in an hour. 我不太会说英语，很抱歉。= I don't speak much English, I'm sorry. 他还未到，5分钟后可以找到他。= He is not here yet, but he will be back in five minutes. 他正过来，请稍等= He is coming, please wait. We want to develop direct contact with Continental buyers for ourselves. 我们想为自己的公司同欧洲大陆的买主建立起直接的联系。 We see that your firm specializes in Light Industrial Goods， and we are willing to establish business relationship with you. 得知贵公司专门经营轻工业品，我们愿意与贵公司建立业务关系。 We are one of the largest importers of Electric Goods in this city， and we wish to establish business relationship with you. 我们是此地最大的电器进口商之一，愿意与你们建立业务关系。 We are willing to enter into business relationship with your company on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. 我们愿在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。 Our two countries have had trade relations for ten years. 我们两国之间已经有了10年的贸易关系。
商务英语词汇大全（一） economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产
商务谈判常用英语词汇 1、出口方面的词汇 出口信贷 export credit 出口津贴 export subsidy 商品倾销 dumping 外汇倾销 exchange dumping 优惠关税 special preferences 保税仓库 bonded warehouse 贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制 import quotas 自由贸易区 free trade zone 对外贸易值 value of foreign trade 国际贸易值 value of international trade 普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 2、价格条件 价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价 price 码头费wharfage 总值 total value 卸货费landing charges 金额 amount 关税customs duty 净价 net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税port dues 回佣return commission . 装运港port of shipment 折扣discount, allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价 wholesale price 目的港port of destination 零售价 retail price 进口许口证import licence 现货价格spot price
商务英语词汇大全（精华） abroad adv. 在国外，出国，广泛流传 absence n. 缺席，离开 absent adj. 不在，不参与 absenteeism n.（经常性）旷工，旷职 absorb v. 吸收，减轻（困难等）作用或影响 abstract n. 摘要 access n. 接近（或进入）的机会，享用权v.获得使用计算机数据库的权利accommodation n.设施，住宿 account n.会计账目 accountancy n会计工作 accountant n.会计 accounts n.往来账目 account for解释，说明 account executive n.（广告公司）客户经理 accruals n. 增值，应计 achieve v. 获得或达到，实现，完成 acknowledge v. 承认，告知已收到（某物），承认某人 acquire v.获得，得到 acquisition n收购，被收购的公司或股份
acting adj. 代理的 activity n.业务类型 actual adj. 实在的，实际的，确实的adapt v. 修改，适应 adjust v.整理，使适应 administration 实施，经营，行政administer v.管理，实施 adopt v. 采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人advertise v. 公布，做广告 ad n.做广告，登广告 advertisement n.出公告，做广告advertising n.广告业 after-sales service n.售后服务 agenda n.议事日程 agent n.代理人，经纪人 allocate v.分配，配给 amalgamation n合并，重组 ambition n. 强烈的欲望，野心amortize v. 摊还 analyze v 分析，研究 analysis n.分析，分析结果的报告analyst n. 分析家，化验员
托业词汇汇总（修订版） 一、办公室事宜Office matters（1） 1.appointment 约会，约定 2.attendance 出席人数；出 席 3.cabinet 橱柜 4.calendar 日历；月历；行 事历 5.clerk 办事员，书记 6.directory 人名住址薄 7.duplicate 复制；副本 8.filing 归档 9.in-tray 待处理文件盒 10.monitor 检测；监视；追 踪 11.out-tray 已处理文件盒 12.partition 分隔；分隔物 （如墙壁等） 13.postage 邮费 14.punctualit 准时；守时15.schedule 时间表；计划表 16.shift 换班；轮班；值班 17.staff 全体职员 18.strike 罢工 19.task 工作，任务 20.work force 工作人员；劳动人口 办公室事宜 Office matters （2） 1.assignment 分配；工作，分派 2.bulletin 公报；告示；定期报告书 3.calculator 计算器 4.carbon copy 用复写纸复制的副本 5.colleague 同事，同僚 6.document 文件，证件 7.extension 分机（电话）；延期 8.intercom 对讲机
9.memo 便条；便笺；备忘录 10.operator 接线生 11.overtime 加班的时间 12.portfolio 作品夹，公事 包 13.printed matter 印刷品 14.receptionist 接待员 15.secretary 秘书 16.shorthand 速记，速记法 17.stapler 订书机 18.tardy 迟缓；迟到的；迟 延的 19.typist 打字员 20.xerox 影印 二、Personnel & Management 人事及管理 1.allocate 拨出；分配；配置 2.applicant 申请人 3.authorize 授权；委托 4.bonus 红利；额外津贴；奖金 5.capability 能力；才干；潜力；性能 6.collaboration 合作；通敌 7.consultation 咨询；商量；商议；会议 8.curriculum vitae 履历 9.eligible 合格的，合适的 10.employer 雇主 11.executive 行政或管理人员 12.income 收入或所得 https://www.doczj.com/doc/603706630.html,y off （暂时）解雇 14.occupation 职业 15.part-time 兼任的；兼职的 16.permanent 不变的，永久的 17.promote 升迁；促销 18.recruit 吸收；征募 19.resume 履历表 20.salary 薪水 Personnel & Management 人事及管理2 1.amateur 业余技术家；外行人；非专家
1、出口方面的词汇 出口信贷 export credit 出口津贴 export subsidy 商品倾销 dumping 外汇倾销 exchange dumping 优惠关税 special preferences 保税仓库 bonded warehouse 贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制 import quotas 自由贸易区 free trade zone 对外贸易值 value of foreign trade 国际贸易值 value of international trade 普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 2、价格条件 价格术语trade term （price term） 运费freight 单价 price 码头费wharfage 总值 total value 卸货费landing charges 金额 amount 关税customs duty 净价 net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税port dues 回佣return commission . 装运港port of shipment
折扣discount, allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价 wholesale price 目的港port of destination 零售价 retail price 进口许口证import licence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证export licence 期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price prevailing price 国际市场价格 world （International）Market price 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价） C&F-cost and freight 到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight 3、交货条件 交货delivery 轮船steamship（缩写S.S） 装运、装船shipment 租船charter （the chartered ship） 交货时间 time of delivery 定程租船voyage charter 装运期限time of shipment 定期租船time charter 托运人（一般指出口商）shipper, consignor 收货人consignee 班轮regular shipping liner 驳船lighter 舱位shipping space 油轮tanker 报关clearance of goods
1询盘提出常用英语 We addressed OUr inquiry to the firm. 我们已向该公司提出询价（询盘）。 We an SWered the inquiry received from the firm. 对该公司的询价信,我们已经回复。 We have an inquiry for the goods received from the firm. 我公司已收到，该公司关于这类商品的询盘。 We in Vited inq UirieS for the goods from the customers. 我们已邀请客户对该商品提出询价。 Will you PIeaSe let US have a list of items that are imported by you. 敬请将贵公司的进口商品目录寄来为荷。 We shall be glad to have your SPeCifiC inquiry. 如能得到贵方特殊的询价，则甚为感谢。 Would you Care to Send US some SamPIeS With the quotati ons. 敬请惠寄报价单和样品可否？请酌。 PIeaSe PUt US On your best terms, as this order forms Part of a Con tract. 由于这一次订购是合同的组成部分，请提供最好的条件。 PIeaSe State your best terms and disco Unt for cash. 请告知以现金支付的优惠条款和折扣比例。 PIeaSe PUt US On your Very best ShiPP ing terms as regards disco unt. 由于打折扣，请告知最好的装货（船）条件。 We have received your Ietter of July 1, enq Uiri ng about the best terms of the goods. 贵公司7月1日来函就该商品优惠条件的询盘敬悉。 PIeaSe PUt US On your Very best ShiPP ing terms as regards disco unt. 由于打折扣，请告知最好的装货（船）条件。 PIeaSe let US have information as to the PriCe and quality of the goods. 请告知该商品的价格和质量。 PleaSe quote US your lowest PriCe for SUndry goods, in CIUdi ng Syn thetic fiber good, in CIUdi ng
商务英语应当是在深厚的英语基础上，再强调商务，实用性是商务英语最大的特点。下面是小编分享的商务常见英语单词，希望能对大家有所帮助! 富有价格弹性(Price elastic) 如果需求的价格弹性大于1，那么商品的需求就是富有价格弹性。 需求的价格弹性(Price elasticity of demand) 需求的价格弹性是指价格变化1%导致的需求量变化的百分比(习惯上通常以正数表示)。 供给的价格弹性(Price elasticity of supply) 供给的价格弹性是指价格变化1%导致的供给量变化的百分比。 最低限价(Price floor) 最低限价是指政府对某种商品所规定的最低价格。例如，联邦农业计划规定了小麦和玉米的最低价格。 缺乏价格弹性(Price inelastic) 如果需求的价格弹性小于1，那么商品的需求就是缺乏价格弹性。 价格领导者(Price leader) 价格领导者是指在寡头垄断的行业中制定价格并且其他厂商愿意跟随的厂商。 价格系统(Price system) 在价格系统下，商品和服务都有一个价格，在纯粹的资本主义经济中价格执行一个经济系统的基本职能(决定生产什么、怎样生产、每个人应该得到多少以及一个国家的增长率应该是多少)。 委托--代理问题(Principal-agent problem) 由于经理或工人可能会追求自己的目标，即便这样做会减少企业所有者的利润，从而导致了委托--代理问题。经理或工人是为所有者工作的代理人，所有者是委托人。 囚犯困境(Prisoner`s dilemma) 囚犯困境是指这样一种情形，此时两个人(或厂商)合作要比不合作好，但是每个人都觉得不合作符合他的利益，因此每个人的状况都要坏于如果他们合作时的境况。 私人成本(Private cost) 私人成本是指单个使用者为了能够使用某一资源而带来的费用。 概率(Probability) 概率是指在长期中某种结果发生的次数与总次数之比。例如，如果多次掷骰子并且1点出现的次数是总次数的1/6，那么出现1点的概率就是1/6。 生产者剩余(Producer surplus)
商务英语词汇大全 (B E C词汇打印版)02 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
商务英语词汇大全 abroad adv. 在国外，出国，广泛流传 absence n. 缺席，离开 absent adj. 不在，不参与 absenteeism n.（经常性）旷工，旷职 absorb v. 吸收，减轻（困难等）作用或影响abstract n. 摘要 access n. 接近（或进入）的机会，享用权v.获得使用计算机数据库的权利 accommodation n.设施，住宿 account n.会计账目 accountancy n会计工作 accountant n.会计 accounts n.往来账目 account for解释，说明 account executive n.（广告公司）客户经理accruals n. 增值，应计 achieve v. 获得或达到，实现，完成acknowledge v. 承认，告知已收到（某物），承认某人 acquire v.获得，得到 acquisition n收购，被收购的公司或股份acting adj. 代理的 activity n.业务类型 actual adj. 实在的，实际的，确实的 adapt v. 修改，适应 adjust v.整理，使适应 administration 实施，经营，行政 administer v.管理，实施 adopt v. 采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人advertise v. 公布，做广告 ad n.做广告，登广告 advertisement n.出公告，做广告 advertising n.广告业 after-sales service n.售后服务 agenda n.议事日程 agent n.代理人，经纪人 allocate v.分配，配给 amalgamation n合并，重组 ambition n. 强烈的欲望，野心amortize v. 摊还 analyze v 分析，研究 analysis n.分析，分析结果的报告 analyst n. 分析家，化验员 annual adj.每年的，按年度计算的 annual general meeting （AGM）股东年会anticipate v. 期望 商务英语词汇大全 anticipated adj. 期待的 appeal n.吸引力 apply v. 申请，请求；应用，运用 applicant n. 申请人 application n.申请，施用，实施 appointee n.被任命人 appraisal n.估量，估价 appreciate v. 赏识，体谅，增值 appropriate v.拨出（款项） approve v. 赞成，同意，批准 aptitude n.天资，才能 arbitrage n.套 arbitration n.仲裁 arrears n. 欠账 assemble v.收集，集合 assembly line n. 装配线，流水作业线assess v. 评定，估价 asset n. 资产current asset n.流动资产 fixed asset n.固定资产 frozen asset n. 冻结资产 intangible assets n.无形资产 liquid assets n.速动资产 tangible assets n.有形资产 assist v. 援助，协助，出席 audit n. 查账，审计 automate v. 使某事物自动操作 average n.平均，平均水准 awareness n. 意识；警觉 backing n.财务支持，赞助 backhander n. 贿赂 backlog n. 积压（工作或订货） bad debt 死账（无法收回的欠款）balance n. 收支差额，余额 balance of payments n. 贸易支付差额balance sheet n. 资产负债表 bankrupt adj.破产的 bankruptcy n.破产 bank statement n. 银行结算清单（给帐户的），银行对账单 bar chart n. 条形图，柱状图bargain v. 谈判，讲价 base n. 基地，根据地 batch n. 一批，一组，一群 batch production批量生产 bear market n.熊市beat v. 超过，胜过
国际商务英语在商务谈判中的重要性 商务英语是英语的一种社会功能变体，是专门用途英语中的一个分支，是英语在商务场合中的应用。它涉及技术引进、对外贸易、招商引资、对外劳务承包与合同、国际合同、国际金融、涉外保险、国际旅游、海外投资、国际运输等等，人们从事这些活动所使用的'英语统称为商务英语。 商务英语源于普通英语，并以此为基础，完全具有普通英语的语言学特征，但同时它又是商务知识和普通英语的综合体，因而具有其内在的独特性，主要集中以下几个方面： 1.商务英语的语言形式、词汇、以及内容等方面与专业知识密切相关，它承载着商务理论和商务实践等方面的信息。 2.商务英语用词明白易懂、正式规范、简短达意、语言平实。用词方面多使用常用词，以保证所用词语具有国际通用性，保证能为普通大众所理解，但又不能过于口语化，即商务英语所使用的语言不能过于非正式。有些商务文书(如合同)因为具有规范、约束力等公文性质，因此会使用一些很正式的词语，如使用 prior to或者previous to而不使用before;使用supplement而不使用add to 等。但在介词方面，商务英语往往使用以繁复的介词短语来代替简单的介词和连词，如：用in the nature of 代替like。
3.商务英语句子结构比较复杂，句式规范，文体正式，尤其在招标文件和投资文件经及合同中更是如此。 4.商务英语在陈述事物时往往具体、明确，绝不含糊其词。如商务英语不就“We wish to confirm our telex dispatched yesterday”, 而要说“We confirm our telex of July 2nd,2000.”因为前者笼统含糊，后者就清晰明了; 5.在国际商务英语应用文特别是国际商务信函中，礼貌是其中非常重要的语言特点。 模板,内容仅供参考
常用商务英语术语
?1) International business is business conducted in more than one country, including buying and selling goods and services. ?2) Assuming the laboratory tests go well, and you can quote us a competitive price, we'd certainly be able to place more substantial orders on a regular basis. ?3) Considering the friendly business relationship between our two banks, we decided not to charge you the overdue interests. ?4) As a result, goods circulate more widely and at lower prices, jobs are created, and wealth
is spread. Though peo ple may act from the narrow desire to enrich themselves, “an invisible hand” guides them to enrich and improve all of society. ?Today, vve see a China that is still defined by noble traditions of family, scholarship and honor ?I wanted to be a man, and a man I am. ?The latest type of TVR system is light, inexpensive and easy to manipulate^ ?When most people expect a reduction of inflation rate after the tax cut, there is still some uncertainty. ?The further expansion of your exports on our market will depend on your continued efforts to broaden and diversify your product range. ?Theory is something but practice is everything. ?We will negotiate for peace, sacrifice for it; we will not surrender for it - now or even ?In my opinion the damage to the goods is attributed to the fact that the bags are too thin. According to the contract the bags should have been 0.04mm thick. ?Saddam can not single-handedly cause shortages and gasoline lines. ?The pay rise promised by the Left could price French products out of European markets. The use of bio-chemical weapons is a sheer violation of international laws 一the Geneva Convention in particular. We have advocated the principle of peaceful coexistence, which is now growing more and more popular among the nations of Asia and Africa. In economic field, large companies are feeling the impacts of both constantly technological progress and of the newest production methods. Big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their tactics in coping with the constantly changing international political climate. Avoid using this computer in extreme cold, heat, dust or humidityJ They build roads, houses’ bridges, pipelines and canals. 1.What is questioned is whether a country like Britain has a chance, assuming it has the will, to succeed where so many have failed and even assuming that it has, should make the tremendous effort and take substantial financial risk of trying to leap-frog into leadership in entirely new technology or whether it should take softer option of merely catching up with the rest of the industrialized world. 2.The growth of class consciousness among the workers was inhibited by continued high levels of employment and rising earnings for almost 15 years, combined with the propaganda of views in the labor movement reflecting the influence of Keynesian theories about the ability of