英语中动词时态
一、学习目标
1. 重点复习动词六种时态的基本结构、主要用法及区别（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成时）
2. 复习过去将来时、过去完成时态的基本用法
3. 学会运用数轴法分析时态
二、学习重点
1. 动词六种时态的基本结构、主要用法及区别
2. 学会运用数轴法分析时态
三、学习难点
动词六种时态的基本结构、主要用法及区别
四、学习过程
Part 1
一般现在时
基本构成
1. Be动词
肯定句：主语+Be（am/is/are）+其它
否定句：主语+Be（am/is/are）+ not +其它
一般疑问句：Be（am/is/are）+主语+其它
例句：
He is a worker.
He is not a worker.
Is he a worker?
2. 一般行为动词
肯定句：主语+动词原形（单三形式）+其它
否定句：主语+don’t+动词原形+其它
一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+其它
例句：
I often play football.
I don’t often play football.
Do you often play football.
Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
3. There be 句型
否定句：There be+not+其它
一般疑问句：Be there+其它
例句：
There is a book and ten schoolbags on the desk.
There are ten schoolbags and a book on the desk.
There isn’t a book on the desk.
Is there a book on the desk？
第三人称单数的变化规律
一般现在时时态下，当主语是以下几种情况时，谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。
1.人称代词为he/she/it
She usually has lunch at twelve.
2.单个人名、地名或称呼作主语
Beijing is in China.
3.单数可数名词或“this/that/the+单数可数名词”作主语
This book is yours.
4.不定代词
someone/somebody/nobody/everything/something等及this/that作主语
There is something wrong with the watch.
5.不可数名词
The bread is very small.
6.数字或字母
“6”is a lucky number.
动词单三形式变化规律表
形
式的变化规律以s、sh、ch、x、
o结尾的动词
+ es 读/iz/
watch – watches
guess – guesses
go - goes
辅音字母加y结
尾的名词
变y为i
后加es
读/z/
study – studies
carry – carries
worry – worries 特殊形式的变化have – has
用法
1. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态
一般现在时可用来表示在过去到以后很长一段时间内的一个不断重复或经常发生的动作，以前有、现在有并且以后还会存在。这个动作可以日常发生的事情，也可以是一种习惯、一个爱好，还可以是一个人的职业、性格、能力。与always、usually、often、sometimes、every day (week/month)等连用。（注：时常遗忘或不做的事情也可以用一般现在时）
例句：
They often go to school by bike.
She usually has lunch at 12:00.
His father is a doctor.
I like watching TV.
2. 表示客观事实或普遍真理
（注：格言或警句中也用一般现在时）
例句：
The moon moves round the earth.
There are seven days in a week.
Birds do not like milk.
California is in America.
Pride goes before a fall.
Time and tide waits for no man.
3. 表示正在进行的动作或状态
（1）较短一段时间内存在的状态
例句：
He lives in Beijing now.
He needs help right now.
She is not here now.
（2）在某些倒装句中，表示动作正在进行。
例句：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
4. 表示将来的动作或状态
在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。“主将从现”这一语法现象的重要连词有：if (如果)，as soon as (一....就...),when(当...时候)，before，after，until(直到not..until直到...才) 。
例句：
If you come, we will wait for you.
When he gets here, the work will be finished.
Though he disagrees with us, he will do as we decided.
I’ll tell you the news as soon as you come back.
5. 表示过去的动作和状态
小说故事用一般现在时代替一般过去时。新闻报道类的内容，为了体现其“新鲜”性，也用一般现在时来表示过去发生的事情。
例句：
A man kills 14 students in one minute yesterday.
Mary steps into the bedroom and sees her husband lying in the bed motionlessly.
实战演练
1. Jenny!Do you know that one-third of the boys in our class _________ the singer Zhang Shaohan?
A. like
B. likes
C. liking
2. Betty will ring me up when she _______ in Beijing.
A. arrive
B. arrives
C. arrived
D. will arrive
3. Although Bill i sn’t rich enough, he often ______ money to the poor.
A. will give
B. was giving
C. gives
D. gave
4. ----Can your father drive?
----Yes, and he ______ to work every day.
A. is driving
B. drove
C. drives
D. has driven
5. This girl is ready to help people any time. When she is on the bus, she always
her seat to someone in need.
A. gives
B. give
C. gave
D. giving
6. If it ________ this Saturday, we ________ for a picnic.
A. won’t rain; shall go
B. doesn’t rain; will go
C. isn’t rain; go
D. doesn’t rain; go
Part 2
一般过去时
用法
1.过去某段时间习惯性或经常性的动作或状态
表示在过去的很长一段时间内的行惯性或经常发生的动作或状态，现在已经没有了。这个动作可以日常发生的事情，也可以是一种习惯、一个爱好，还可以是一个人的职业、性格、能力。常与表示过去的时间连用，如last year, some years ago等以及由when等引导的时间状语从句。
例句：
When I was in the countryside, I often called on my old friends.
I usually went to the cinema with Lily some years ago.
She used to go for a walk after supper, but now she prefers to stay at home.
（used to 表示过去常常做某事）
2.过去某个特定时间发生的一个动作、存在的状态或一系列的动作
例句：
Tom didn’t come to class yesterday.
We went to dance last night.
I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
3. 代替过去将来时
在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。例句：
They said they would let us know if they heard any news about him.
He promised that when he went to the bookstore, he would buy me a book. They told us that they would not leave until she came back.
let sb. do sth.
buy sb. sth./buy sth for sb.
基本构成
1. Be动词
肯定句：主语+Be（was/were）+其它
否定句：主语+Be（was/were）+ not +其它
一般疑问句：Be（was/were）+主语+其它
例句：
He was a worker two years ago.
He was not a worker two years ago.
Was he a worker two years ago.
2. 一般行为动词
肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它
否定句：主语+didn’t+do+其它
一般疑问句：Did+主语+do+其它
例句：
I often played football when I was a child.
I did n’t often play football when I was a child.
Did you often play football when you were a child?
（注意人称和相应谓语动词的变化）
Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.
3. There be（was/were）句型
否定句：there be（was/were）+not+其它
一般疑问句：be（was/were）there+其它
There was one book and ten schoolbags on the desk last night. There were ten schoolbags and one book on the desk last night. There was n’t one book on the desk last night.
Was there a book on the desk last night?
动词过去式的变化规律
动词过去式的变化规律
闭音节：单个元音字母后面有辅音字母（r 除外）且以辅音字母结尾的重读音节，就是一个辅音、一个元音字母后跟一个辅音字母的单词。如bad/egg/
重读音节指的是单词中读音特别响亮的音节。
重读闭音节就是闭音节为重读音节的音节。
重读闭音节三要素：
（1）必须是重读音节；
（2）以一个辅音字母结尾；
（3）元音字母发短元音。
sit---sitting begin---beginning
实战演练
1. The last time I ______ to the cinema was two years ago.
A. go
B. have gone
C. have been
D. went
2. I called you, but nobody answered. Where_______ you?
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
3. —I ______ something wrong just now. May 1 use your eraser?
—Of course. Here you are.
A. write
B. wrote
C. am writing
4. —Where ____ you ____ lunch?
—At home．There was no school lunch
A. did；have
B. are；having
C. will；have
D. do；have
5. —What would you do if you _____ the traffic accident?
—I would _____.
A. see; do my housework first
B. saw; buy some fruit right away
C. see; call at I10 at once
D. saw；call the police right away
6. It _____ Mr Green an hour to fix up his bicycle yesterday.
A. cost
B. paid
C. spent
D. took
Part 3
一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，以及计划、打算或准备做某事。常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow, next day （week/month/year）, soon, the day after tomorrow等。
表达形式
1. will + 动词原形
1）表示单纯的未来“将要”通用于各个人称。
例句：
They will go to visit the factory tomorrow.
I’ll come with Wang Bing and Yang Ling.
2）表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。eg:
例句：
Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday.
He will be thirty years old this time next year.
3）问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。
例句：
Will you please turn on the radio?
Will you go to the zoo with me?
Shall we go there at five?
Will you please open the door?
注：在口语中will用于所有人称，书面语中第一人称常用shall。
2. be going to + 动词原形
表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做的事情以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算, 就要”
例句：
We're going to meet outside the school gate.
Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.
Look! It's going to rain.
be going to和will的区别
1. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时
间则较远一些。
如：He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
2. be going to表示根据主观判断将来绝对发生的事情，will表示客
观上将来势必发生的事情。
如：He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.
3. be going to含有“打算，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思。
如：She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.
4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to，而多用will。
如：If any beast comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
5. will可以表示主动为他人做某事或是给出一个承诺，可以翻译为
‘为’和‘会’。
如：It is very cold. I will make you some hot coffee. If you take part in
the election, I will support you.
3.be+不定式
表示将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
例句：
We are to talk about the report next Saturday.
He is to visit Japan next year.
4.“be about to+动词原形”
表示即将发生的动作，意为：很快，马上。后面一般不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
例句：
We are about to leave.
He is about to leave for Beijing.
They're about to leave. (=They're leaving.)
5. 些表趋向性的动词可用现在进行时来表示将来时，例如：go，come，arrive，fly(飞往)，reach（到达），stay，leave，start, die...
例句：
He’s going to leave for Paris.= He’s leaving for Paris.
The old man is dying. = The old man will die.
Uncle Wang is coming.
6. here be 句型的一般将来时：There will be… / There is going to be…
（注：以上表达式的否定形式分别为be/will后加not，一般疑问句为be/will 提到句首，some改为any，and改为or，第一、二人称互换）
例句：
Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.
Will you go swimming tomorrow? Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.
实战演练
1. We are glad to hear that the Greens _____ to a new flat next week
A. move
B. moved
C. will move
D. have moved
2. Traveling to space is no longer just a dream. Russia ______ the first hotel in space in the near future.
A. builds
B. will build
C. build D has build
3. I hope Tim can come to my birthday party. Then we ________ a much happier time.
A. have
B. had
C. will have
D. have had
4. Summer holiday is coming, Li Lei with his father_____to go to Shanghai.
A. want
B. will want
C. wants
5. There ________ a football match and a concert this weekend. Which one would you like to go?
A. is
B. are
C. will be
D. will have
6. –I don’t know if Mr. L i ____ to the party this evening.
– I think he will come if he ____ free.
A. will come; is
B. will come; will be
C. comes; is
D. comes; will be
Part 4
现在进行时
基本构成
Be（am/is/are）+ 动词ing
动词现在分词的变化规律
情形构成方法例词
动
词
过
去
式
的
变
化
规
律
一般情况+ ing
play – playing
look – looking
go – going 结尾是e的动词去e +ing
live – living
write– writing
use – using 以一个辅音字母
结尾的重读闭音
节词
双写这个
辅音字母
+ ing
stop – stopping
plan – planning
get – getting 以ie结尾的单词
变ie为y
后加ing
lie – lying 用法
1. 说话时正在进行的行为或存在的状态
通过用延续性动词来表达某件事情此时此刻正在进行。
例句：
You are learning English now.
They are reading their books.
2. 在某一段时间内，一件事情的进行过程
表示一段时间内，一个延续时间较长的动作的进行过程，它并不表示我们说话时也正在做这件事。
例句：
I am studying to become a doctor.
They are preparing for the entrance examination.
3. 表示不远的将来将要发生的事情
例句：
I am meeting some friends after work.
He is coming with us tonight.
4. 与always或constantly可表达令人生气或震惊的事情
当现在进行时与always、constantly 连用时，表示令人生气或震惊的事情
经常发生。这种句子通常带有贬义。（注意：always或constantly 必须放在系动词与分词之间）
例句：
She is always coming to class late.
He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up.
实战演练
1. —Be quiet! The baby _______ in the next room,
—Oh, sorry.
A. sleeps
B. slept
C. is sleeping
D. was sleeping
2. --You are _______ on the phone, Mary.
-- Yes, mum. .
A. wanted; I'm coming
B. called; I'm coming
C. needed; I'll come
3. Look! Peter _______ TV happily, but his parents are busy in the kitchen.
A. is watching
B. watches
C. watched
4. The population of the world ______ still ______now.
A. will, grow
B. has, grown
C. is growing
D. is grown
5. —I’ve not finished my project yet.
—Hurry up! Our friends _____ for us.
A. wait
B. are waiting
C. will wait
D. have waited
6. —Alan, it’s late. Why not go to bed?
—Jenny hasn’t come back yet. I ______ for her.
A. waited
B. have waited
C. am waiting
D. was waiting
Part 5
过去进行时
基本构成
肯定句：be（was/were）+动词ing
否定句：be（was/were）+not+动词ing
用法
1. 过去某个具体时刻的动作或存在的状态
例句：
What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?
When I saw him he was decorating his room.
2. 表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或存在的状态，一般连用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while。
例句：
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.
What was he researching all day last Sunday?
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
It was raining when they left the station.
3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可以用过去进行时。
例句：
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
4. 与always或constantly连用表示发生在过去的令人生气的动作或存在的状态。
例句：
She was always coming to class late.
He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
实战演练
1. -What were you doing this time yesterday?
-I ____ on the grass and drawing a picture.
A. sit
B. sat
C. am sitting
D. was sitting
2. While I ___________ TV, the bell rang.
A. watch
B. watched
C. am watching
D. was watching
3. -Why didn't you answer my telephone yesterday?
-Sorry. I _______ a bath.
A. took
B. take
C. am taking
D. was taking
4. While the alien _______ a souvenir, the girl called the police.
A. was buying
B. bought
C. buys
D. is buying
5. -I called you at 6 o'clock yesterday evening, but nobody answered.
- I'm sorry. I _______ my friend download the movie Kung Fu Panda Ⅱwhen the telephone rang,
A. would help
B. helped
C. was helping
6. —Sandy, I called you at 9:00 last night, but nobody answered the phone.
—I'm sorrry. We _____ a birthday party _____ Jerry.
A. had; with
B. were having; for
C. are having; for
D. had; for Part 6
现在完成时
基本结构
肯定句：主语+ have/has+动词过去分词(done)
否定句：主语+ have/has+not+动词过去分词(done)
一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词
简略回答：Yes, 主语+ have/has./No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t.
动词过去分词变化规律
用法
1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
例句：
I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)
Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿)
My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)
2. 表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。
①for+时段
②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）
③since+时段+ago
④since+从句（过去时）
⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）
例句：
Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
现在完成时的标志
1. already/just/yet
例句：
He has already got her help.
He has just seen the film.
He hasn’t come back yet.
2. ever/never
例句：
This is the best film I have ever seen.
He has never been to Beijing.
3. 动作发生的次数
例句：
He says he has been to the USA three times.
4. so far
例句：
He has got to Beijing so far.
She has passed the exam so far.
5. for+时间段
例句：
Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
实战演练
1.The volunteers _____ a lot of help to the community for nearly ten
years.
A.offered
B. will offer
C. are offering
D. have offered
2. I have been to Shanghai. I _____ there last month.
A.go
B. went
C. have gone
D. will go
2.She _____ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her.
A.has been away from
B. has left
C. had left
3.Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he ______ in Beijing for five years.
A.was teaching
B. has taught
C. will teach
D. taught
4.Where is Mr. Black? I have something important to tell him.
You can’t find him. He ______ Hong Kong.
A.will go to
B. would go to
C. has gone to
D. has been to
5.Will you go and see the movie Net Mother with me?
Thank you. But I ______ it already.
A.saw
B. have been
C. see
D. will see
Part 7
过去完成时
基本结构
肯定句：主语+ had + 过去分词+ 其他
否定句：主语+ had not + 过去分词+ 其他
一般疑问句：Had + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他
例句：
They had already left.
By the time we arrived, the meeting had already begun.
用法
1. 表示在过去某事之前已经完成的动作
表示某个动作在过去发生的另外一件事之前发生，或在过去的某一时间之前发生。
例如：
I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.
Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 1992?
Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before in 1988.
2. 表示延续到过去的某一时间
表示一个动作从过去的某一时间开始到过去的另一时间结束。
例如：
We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years.
3. 与过去具体某一时间有关的过去完成时
不像现在完成时，在过去完成时中可以用具体的过去某一时间作状语。
例如：
She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
Part 8
过去将来时
基本结构
主语+ would + 实义动词原形+ 其他
主语+ was/were going to + 实义动词原形+ 其他
主语+ was/were + 现在分词+ 其他
He asked when the meeting would end.
I thought it was going to rain.
She said that she was leaving.
用法
表示在过去的某个时间段中将要发生的动作或存在的状态。通常和宾语从句搭配使用。如：
They said that they were going to hold a concert in London.
高三语法：动词时态和语态常考点 【课前预习】 1. —Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere. —He went to the library after breakfast and ______ his essay there ever since. A. wrote B. had written C. has been writing D. is writing 2. It is reported that a space station ______ on the moon in years to come. A. will be building B. will he built C. has been building D. has been built 3. —Is Peter coming? —No, he_____ his mind after a phone call at the last minute. A.c hanges B. changed C. was changing D. had changed 4. In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat_____ cut. A. will have been B. will be C. was D. has been 5. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. A. has been B. had been C. was going to be D. was 6. Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time. A. will teach B. would teach C. has taught D. will be teaching 7. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides. A. has been reached B. was reached C. will reach D. will have reached 8. —Did you enjoy the party? —Yes. We ______well by our hosts. A. were treated B. would be treated C. treated D. had treated 9. —Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house? —Not really. She ______ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. A. was to give B. had given C. was giving D. would give 10. The reason why prices _______, and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. A. were B. will be C. have been D. had been 11. He must have sensed that I ______ him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why are you staring at me like that?" A. would look at B. looked at C. was looking at D. am looking at 12. I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but_______ thankfully by the shop window. A. am held back B. held back C. hold back D. was held back 【学习过程】 考点1:动词的各种时态 1.一般现在时 1).表示客观事实或普通真理。
英语动词时态和语态讲解 动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。 1、一般现在时的用法 1）表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用often, usually, every…，sometimes 等时间状语。例如： a. He goes to school every day. b. He is very happy. c. The earth moves around the sun. 2)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如： a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside. 3)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如： a.The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 b.When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。 2）以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如： a.Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。 b.There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。 4)表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在时。 a. I like English very much. b. The story sounds very interesting. 5)书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。 2、一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型： a.It is time for s b. to do sth例如： It is time for you to go to bed. b.it is time that sb. did sth.例如 It is time you went to bed. 4）wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。例如：
第5讲动词时态和语态（要点透析） 动词时态 一、一般现在时(动词用原形或单数第三人称后加－s/－es) 1．表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受时态限制) The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. 2．表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用行为动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。 We always care for each other and help each other. 3．表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, agree, believe, like, hate, want, think, belong to, seem等。 Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School. 4．少数用于表示起止的动词如come, go, leave, arrive, fly, return, start, begin, open, close, end, stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时。表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，只用一般现在时。 The shop closes at 11：00 p．m. every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday. 【疑难点击】 1．在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased. 2．在the more…the more… 句型中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 【疑难点击】 3．在make sure, see to it, mind, care, matter后的宾语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 See to it that you are not late again. 4．在倒装句中，用一般现在时表示动作正在进行。 Here comes the bus.＝The bus is coming. 二、一般过去时(－ed或不规则变化) 1．一般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用(或有上下文语境暗示)；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去时。 I met her in the street yesterday. I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn't. 2．如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词仍用过去式。 He told me he read an interesting novel last night. 3．表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute. The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.
二轮复习动词时态和语态学案 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2019·浙江台州质检)We (reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years，but cars are still major source of them. have reduced/have been reducing[由句中的时间状语in recent years可知，应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。] 2．(2019·浙江十校联考)I just graduated from West Coast University.I (receive) job skill training just before that，but I had never worked. had received[此处根据just before that可知，我在之前受过职业技能的培训，根据上句中的一般过去时可知，此处应用过去完成时。] 3．(2019·山西太原模拟)Doctors and scientists (learn) a great deal about sleep in the last thirty years. have learned[根据in the last thirty years可知，本句应用现在完成时。] 4．(2019·安徽合肥检测)It's fun for amateurs to try，but to become good at it，not only years of practice but also natural talent (need)． is needed[考查主谓一致和被动语态。“not only...but also...”作主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则，故此处谓语动词应用单数。natural talent与动词need之间是动宾关系，故用is needed。] 5．(2019·河南郑州质量预测)A group of people paraded(游行) through the village，two of them dressed as a lion，going into every home to perform a song for good fortune.I (attract) by this and followed the group，taking photos to share with my family.
Module 1 British and American English Section Ⅲ Grammar-复 习动词时态（Ⅰ） 语法图解 探究发现 ①It doesn’t make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English. ②I’vealready decided to join the theatre group. ③Many factors have influenced American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived four hundred years ago. ④A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker. ⑤Some experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together. ⑥Sinc e the 1980s, with satellite TV and the Internet, it has been possible to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switch. ⑦This international dimension suggests that in the future, there are going to be many “Englishes”， not just two main varieties. ⑧Users of English will all be able to understand each other — wherever they are. [我的发现] (1)①、④句用了一般现在时态。 (2)②、③、⑥句用了现在完成时态，表示该动作发生在过去，持续到了现在。 (3)⑤句用了现在进行时态，表示现阶段正在进行的动作。 (4)⑦、⑧句用了一般将来时态，⑦句表示有征兆、迹象会发生某事，而⑧句表示将要发生的动作或状态。
动词的时态和语态 一动词的时态的分类： 一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时 二用法： 1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……)句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2、现在进行时
2020年中考英语复习语法查漏补缺——动词时态 学习目标 识别并掌握动词时态的易错考点，正确解决相关题目。 易错点 1 一般现在时的特殊用法 1.在主将从现的句子中，一般现在时也可以表将来。比如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will visit the museum. 在if 条件句中，有tomorrow 的时间状语，仍然要用一般现在时。 2.在表示客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象的时候，必须要用一般现在时。比如，The earth is round. 不论在什么语境中，都要用一般现在时。 【例】 “We’ll have a picnic if it _________ tomorrow.” “Have a nice day.” A. won’t rain B. will rain C. doesn’t rain D. don’t rain 【解析】本题答案是C。if 引导的条件状语从句应该使用一般现在时排除AB，rain 的主语是三单所以选择C。 【例题1】 Our physics teacher told us light _________ faster than sound. A. travels B. traveled C. traveling D. to travel 【例题2】 Tomorrow is Lucy’s birthday. If you her a scarf, she will be very happy. A. gets B. get C. got D. will get 【例题3】 The teacher told us that the earth around the sun. A. goes B. went C. going D. to go 易错点 2 现在进行时表将来 有一些动词可以用现在进行时表将来，比如arrive, come, die, get, go, leave, start，比如：I am coming！我来啦！就表示的是“我将要来“的含义。 【例】 Betty for Guangzhou by plane at 3 a.m. tomorrow. A. is leaving B. leave C. leaves D. has left 【解析】本题答案是A。时间状语是tomorrow，所以要用将来时，leave 可以用现在进行时表示将来时。 【例题1】 The Browns to the North China by train next week. A. go B. goes C .is going D. are going 【例题2】 Some friends to Annie’s party this evening. https://www.doczj.com/doc/6b649872.html,e B. are coming C. comes D. have come 易错点 3 when 和while 引导时间状语从句的区别 when 和while 都有“当…时候”的含义，但是两者在使用时有区别。when 后面的时间状语从句中的动作可以是短暂性动词，也可以是延续性动词。while 后面的时间状语从句必须是延续性动词。while 强调的是主句动作和从句动作同时发生，比如，While we are talking, the teacher comes in. 当我们在说话的时候，老师进来了。They were singing while we were dancing.当我们跳舞的时候，他们也在唱歌。 【例题】 (When/While) I saw Cherry, she was wearing a red skirt. 【解析】本题答案是When。saw 是短暂性动词，因此填写when。 (When/While) Allen was cleaning his room, the phone rang. 【解析】本题答案是While。was cleaning 是延续性动词。 【例题1】 She to an English program while her parents TV.
个性化教学辅导教案 【词汇串烧】 A Journey across Canada After a quiz last autumn, Kuang crossed the continent eastward to Toronto to visit his schoolmate, the distance measuring approximately 5,000 kilometers, His train started from Vancouver, a city surround ed by mountains. After confirm ing his baggage was aboard the train, Kuang settle d down in his seat. Having a gift for communication, he started chat ting with another passenger within 5 minutes. Their topic s included the Canadian tradition s, the Prime Minister, the mixture of races, and the terrifying Great Fall. After a nice buffet at noon, he was pleased to find that the scenery was impressive. He saw beautiful harbour s in the distance, wealthy urban areas and maple forest that covered thousands of acre s. He even manage d to catch sight of an eagle flying upward over bush es. Kuang reached Toronto which lies slightly near the border at a misty dawn. There was frost and the broad downtown streets were very quiet. Though it was early, Kuang phoned his schoolmate in a booth nearby at once rather than waiting for him to come. They had a good time together.
高中英语语法复习学案教师版——动词的时态和语态 动词的时态 一、一般体考点 （一）一般现在时 1. The geography teacher told us that the earth moves (move) around the sun. 2. Water boils (boil) at 100 ℃. 3.The careless driver has just been fined $ 10 for stopping his car at a sign that reads (read) “NO PARKING”. 4. Whatever you say (say), I will not change my mind. 5. Don’t try to run before you begin (begin) to walk. 6. I’ll go with you if I finish (finish) my work. 【总结】 1．定义：表示现在的经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。 时间状语：every day; often; usually; always; seldom; sometimes 2. 一般现在时可以表示客观事实或普通真理。 3. 在让步、时间和条件状语从句中以及主语是祈使句时常用一般现在时代替将来时。 （二）一般过去时 1. --- Nancy is not coming tonight. --- But she promised (promise)! 2. My uncle didn’t marry (marry) until he was forty-five. 3. --- You haven’t said a word about my new car, Brenda. Do you like it? --- I’m sorry I didn’t say (not say) anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you. 4. --- Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something. --- Oh, how nice of you! I never thought (think) you were (be) going to bring me a gift. 5. --- Your phone number again! I didn’t catch (not catch) it. --- It’s 9598442. 【总结】 定义：过去某一时间发生的动作或所处的状态。含有“刚才，在过去”之意，暗示现在已经不这样。 时间状语：then; at that time; just now; three days ago; yesterday; when 或while 引导的表示过去的时间状语从句（三）一般将来时
2020届二轮复习动词时态和语态学案 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2019·浙江台州质检)We (reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years，but cars are still major source of them. have reduced/have been reducing[由句中的时间状语in recent years可知，应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。] 2．(2019·浙江十校联考)I just graduated from West Coast University.I (receive) job skill training just before that，but I had never worked. had received[此处根据just before that可知，我在之前受过职业技能的培训，根据上句中的一般过去时可知，此处应用过去完成时。] 3．(2019·山西太原模拟)Doctors and scientists (learn) a great deal about sleep in the last thirty years. have learned[根据in the last thirty years可知，本句应用现在完成时。] 4．(2019·安徽合肥检测)It's fun for amateurs to try，but to become good at it，not only years of practice but also natural talent (need)． is needed[考查主谓一致和被动语态。“not only...but also...”作主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则，故此处谓语动词应用单数。natural talent与动词need之间是动宾关系，故用is needed。]
时态语态学案 199级高中复习学习案例 1动词的时态和语态。英语中有16种动词时态，高考重点关注10种时态。它们是:简单现在时、简单过去时、简单将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、未来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时和现在完成进行时语篇格式塔中的时态问题及其纠错 2。时态和语态的主要测试点(1)检查在上下文中判断动词时态的能力(2)时间、条件、让步等状语从句中动词的时态。主句的时态与问题相对应。“与”前后的动词时态不一致，第三人称单数形式被误用。3。解决时态和语态问题的方法。从时间状语判断时态。有时错误问题中的时态可以从一两句话中判断出来，因为我们熟悉一些时态标记例如，四种典型的时态是常见的标志:1。一般过去式:昨天，上周日早上，去年，两小时前，刚刚，前几天，从前，1945年，等等。 2。一般现在时:现在、今天、总是、通常、经常、有时、有时、每天、星期天等 3。现在完成时:现在，因为，在过去的五年里，现在，在最近的几年里，等等。 4。一般将来时:明天，将来，下周，很快，在22世纪，等等。更正: 1)上周日，警车赶往纽约最高的大楼。今天比过去更容易保持健康。我很高兴地说，到目前为止，我们所有人的英语口语都有了很大提高。(05福建)4)。(05湖北) 5)。我爸爸熬夜只是为了看他最喜欢的运动。(05浙江)
2。看看并列连词前后的时间差异。事实上，表示平行关系的连词在纠正错误时也是非常重要的标记，例如and，or，不仅...但是，但是，所以，等等这些单词前后的时态应该是一样的。目前，错误通常放在并列连词之后。更正。他不仅来看我，还告诉了我这个消息。2 .我记起了她的话，平静了下来。(nmet2000) 3。踢足球不仅让我们长得又高又壮，还能给我们一种公平竞争和团队精神。 4。那时我是一名来自低收入家庭的学生，所以我必须工作来养家糊口。 1 4。一般测试时态和一般象征性时间状语语态时态主动被动一般现在时态一般过去时态一般过去时态一般将来过去过去完成现在完成现在完成现在完成现在完成现在完成现在完成现在完成现在完成现在完成现在完成现在时态最常用于时间状语搭配一般现在时态他说中国政府将继续执行“一国两制”政策。在过去的几年里，政府一直在努力提高教育质量。过去，我们一直未能找到解决这个问题的办法。在...过去，将来时常用于间接引语，表示动作2 5。测试地点说话和练习一般现在时用法规则的或习惯性的动作我
八、动词与动词时态 【考纲分析】 1. 中考考纲 : (1) 动词的基本形式 (2) 系动词（3）及物动词和不及物动词 （4）助动词（5）情态动词 （6）时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，一般将来时，过去进行 时，现在完成时） 2. 近5年中考动词的考点及分值分布 【自主学习】 一、写出下列动词的四种形式(第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式、过去分词) go do
work leave play stop sit carry buy spend 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.He(go) swimming in the river every day in summer. 2.When his mother usually(get) up every day？ 3.Look，the children(play) basketball on the playground. 4.He(listen)to the radio when I came in. 5.Look at the cloud. I think it (rain). 6. He(sit)down and began to read his newspaper. 7. We(be)good friends since we met at school. 8. He said that he(come)back in five minutes. 9. He (play) computer games when I got there. 10.“When you(buy)the car？”“In1998.” 参考答案 一、go—goes—going—went—gone； do—does—doing—did—done； work—works—working—worked—worked； leave—leaves—leaving—left—left； play—plays—playing—played—played；stop—stops—stopping—stopped—stopped； sit—sits—sitting—sat—sat；carry—carries—carrying—carried—carried； buy—buys—buying—bought—bought； spend—spends—spending—spent—spent 二、1.goes 2.does， get 3.are playing 4.was listening 5.will rain/is going to rain 6. .sat 7. have been 8.would come9.was playing 10.did， buy 【教师点拨】 考点1 常考动词短语
动词时态和语态 编制：高华高鲁丽郭香芹审核：高鲁丽审批： 【学习目标】1. 掌握各种时态的基本用法，并能将时态和语态结合起来进行思考问题； 2. 能对几种易混的时态进行分辨，并灵活运用； 3. 通过练习，能在单选和写作中熟练运用各种时态和语态，能在阅读中透过 时态和语态获取信息。 【使用说明】学生先自我感悟，老师再精讲练习，最后学生练习提高。 I 感悟高考 2011全国卷II,9If you don't like the drink you just leave it and try a different one. A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered 考点： 2011北京卷,21Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well before A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted 考点： On her next birthday, Ann married for twenty years. A. is B. has been C. will be D. will have been 考点： 2011浙江卷,15The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly. A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given 考点： 2011全国卷,29When Alice came to, she did not know how long she there. A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain 考点： ——I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ______on my desk? ——I put it there just now in case you needed it.2011安徽卷, 32 A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed 考点： II 命题趋势及考纲解读 动词时态和语态在高考中的考查重点： 1.对下列十一种时态的考查：（统计2011年各地部分高考题） 一般现在时（4）一般过去时（5）一般将来时（1）现在进行时（4）过去进行时（2）现在完成时（4）现在完成进行时（2）过去完成时（6）将来完成时（2） 过去完成进行时（1）过去将来时（0） 2.既考查时态又考查语态（6）（一般将来时/一般现在时(2）/过去完成时/现在完成时/将来完成时)； 3.考查动词的及物与不及物； 4.考查主动形式表示被动意义； 5.考查动词词组在被动语态中的介词问题； 6.对被动语态习惯句型的考查。 III考点一：一般现在时 1. 时间、条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替将来时 He is going to visit her aunt the day he _____arrives____(arrive) in Beijing.
高考二轮复习英语学案 专题六动词时态和语态 【典例精析】1.（全国I卷，27）—Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? —Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society. A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined 【解析】D句意：—你认识Dr. Jackson好久时间了吗? —是的，自从她加入汉语协会我就认识她。Since 自从......以来，引导时间状语从句，强调过去认识时的时间，第一句话所用的现在完成时是判断该句子时态的重要依据。 2.（辽宁卷,23）We first met on a train in . We both felt immediately that we ______ each other for years. A. knew B. have known C. have known D. know 【解析】C句意：在我们第一次在火车上相遇。我俩同时立刻赶到彼此认识多年了。根据题干第二句可知主句为过去时，而that 引导的宾语从句的谓语动词又发生在主句动词之前，即为过去的过去，故用过去完成时来表示。 3.（天津卷，14）He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young. A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played 【解析】D句意：他年轻的时候踢了多年的足球。句中的when he was young是表示过去的时间状语。题干中没有强调在过去的某个时间段正在发生某事，故排除A项；句中也没有信息词强调对现在造成的影响或与现在的联系，故排除C项；句中也没有以过去的某个时间点或动作点作为参照，故排除D项。 4.（09北京）27. The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated 【解析】B考查时态和语态的用法。The guests 与treat之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。 5.（09天津）2. My parents _____ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. A. live B. lived C. were living D. will live 【解析】A考查时态。后句意思“他们出生在香港，从来没有去过别的地方”，由此可知前句“一直在香港住”，时态用一般现在时，说明事实，故选A。 6.（09福建）6 -Why does the Lake smell terrible? -Because large quantities of water . A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted 【解析】D考查动词时态，语态和主谓语一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词与主语是被动关系，用被动语态。主语是large quantities of water，其中心词是quantities，是复数，谓语动词用复数，选D。 7.（09福建）7. According to the literary review, Shakespeare his charities live through their language in his plays. A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes 【解析】D考查动词时态。题干是陈述一个客观真理，用一般现在时，选D。 8.（09湖南）8．Would you please keep silent? The weather report and _________I want to listen. A. is broadcast B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast 【解析】B考查时态和语态。句意为：请保持安静行吗? 我想听正在广播的天气报告。说话