非谓语动词时态和语态的结构
1. 不定式有哪些时态和语态呢？
主动被动
一般时 to do to be done
进行时 to be doing 无
完成时 to have done to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing 无
2. 动名词的时态和语态
主动被动
一般时 doing being done
完成时 having done having been done 3. 分词的时态和语态
主动被动
现在分词一般时 doing being done
现在分词完成时 having done having been done 过去分词无 done
中考英语非谓语动词总结
一．接动词不定式（ to do/ do sth）
1. do nothing but do sth除了做某事外不做任何事
2. be supposed to do sth应该做某事；被期望干某事
3. Let's (not ) do sth
4.want to do sth
5.want sb to do sth
7.ask sb (not ) to do sth
8.stop to do sth停下来去做某事
9.tell sb (not ) to do sth
10.watch sb do sth观察某人做某事
11.It's time (for sb) to do sth到了该去做某事的时间
12.help sb (to ) do sth
13.help do sth
14.make sb do sth
15.decide (not ) to do sth决定做某事
16.find it +adj + to do sth
17.have to do sth必须做某事
18.try (not ) to do sth尽力做某事
19.try one's best to do sth尽某人最大能力做某事
20.It's +adj +(for)of +sb + to do sth
21.plan to do sth计划去做某事
22.S.p.+be a good place to do sth
23.It takes sb +some time + to do sth做某事花费某人多长时间
24.send sb to do sth派某人做某事
25.invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事
26.forget to do sth忘记要去做某事
27.live to be +时间活到…
28.be able to do sth能够做某事
29.have sth to do 有事要做
30.seem to do sth似乎做；好像
31.get sb /sth to do sth
32.疑问词+ to do sth
33.need sth to do sth需要……做某事
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6e120180.html,e sth to do sth用某物来做某事
35.follow sb to dosth跟随某人做某事
36.need to do sth需要做某事
37.a good time to do sth做某事的好时候
38.the best time to do sth 做某事的最好时间
39.the best way to do sth做某事最好的方法
40.be the first / last one to do sth最后一个或者第一个(人或事吧)去做某事
41.would like to do sth想要做某事
42.be excited /surprised to do sth对做某事感到兴奋
43.be useful to do sth有助于做某事
44.be allowed to do sth被允许做某事
45.allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事
46.It's better to do sth干某事比较好
47.It's best to do sth
48.take care (not) to do sth小心(不要)做某事
49.see sb do sth看见某人做了某事
50.why not do sth ?
51.have enough time to do sth有足够的时间干某事
52.too… to do sth太…以至于不能
53.not… enough to do sth 不-----足够做某事
54.encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事
55.choose to do sth选择做某事
56.wait to do sth等着做某事
57.be happy/glad/pleased to do sth高兴做某事
58.make it +adj + to do sth
59.be careful to do sth小心做某事
60.be afraid to do sth害怕去做某事
61.It's our duty to do sth做某事是我们的责任
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6e120180.html,ed to do sth过去常做某事
63.can't afford to do sth不能担负起干某事
64.make a decision to do sth决定做某事
65.have an opportunity to do sth有做某事的机会
66.wait for sb to do sth等待某人做某事
67.would do sth rather than do sth宁愿做某事不愿做某事
68.would rather do sth than do sth宁愿做某事不愿做某事
69.hurry to do sth匆忙去做某事
70.refuse to do sth拒绝干某事
71.agree to do sth同意干某事
72.pretend to do sth假装做某事
73.pretend to be doing sth假装正在做某事
74.prefer to do sth更喜欢做某事
75.prefer not to do sth
76.prefer to do sth raher than do sth
77.be willing to do sth乐意去做某事
78.volunteer +时间/ 钱 + to do sth
79.volunteer to do sth自愿去做某事
80.offer to do sth提出要做…
81.rush to do sth赶着做某事
82.in order (not ) to do sth为了做某事
83.be certain to do sth一定做…
84.be sure to do sth一定会做某事
85.make plans to do sth制定计划做某事
86.go out of one’s way to do sth特别费心地（为某人）做某事
87.lead sb to do sth致使某人做某事
88. warn sb to do sth警告某人做某事
89.It's one's turn to do sth该轮到某人做某事
90.urge sb to do sth敦促某人做某事
91.Could /Would you please (not) do sth ? 请你（不要）做某事好吗？
92.it is great fun to do sth做…很有趣
二、接动名词（doing sth）
1.like doing sth
2.enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事
3.have great fun doing sth做…玩得很高兴
4.be interested in doing sth对做某事感兴趣
5.Thanks for doing sth感谢某人做某事
6.look at sb doing sth看到某人做某事
7.stop sb doing sth阻止某人做某事
8.stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
9.go + v-ing
10.do the (some )+v-ing
11.What/How doing sth ?
12.practice doing sth练习做某事
13.watch sb doing sth观察某人正在做某事
14.find sb doing sth发现某人正在做某事
15.mind (one's ) doing sth介意（某人）做某事。
16.can't stand doing sth不能忍受做某事
17.think about doing sth考虑做某事
18.spend … (in)doing sth花费…做某事
19.finish doing sth完成做某事
20.be busy doing sth忙着做某事
21.keep doing sth继续作某事
22.keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
23.keep sb doing sth使某人不停地做某事
24.be good at doing sth擅长做某事
25.hate doing sth不愿做某事
26.There be +名词+doing sth
27.make a living by doing sth做某事谋生
28.have a difficult/hard time doing sth做某事有困难
29.feel like doing sth想要或喜欢做某事
30.allow doing sth允许做某事
31.see sb doing sth看到某人正做某事
32.by doing sth
33.end up doing sth；终止做某事
34.do a survey about doing sth
35.be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事
36.be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
37.be terrified of doing sth害怕做某事
38.give up doing sth放弃做某事
39.instead of doing sth而不是做某事
40.make a contribution to doing sth为某事或做某事贡献一份力量
41.be serious about doing sth认真的做某事、严肃地对待某事
42. have a chance of doing sth./to do sth.：有可能做某事
43.it’s bad manners to do sth做某事是不礼貌的
44.start doing sth开始做某事
45.have a lot of experience doing sth在……方面有很多经验
46.prefer doing sth更喜欢做某事
47.consider doing sth考虑某事
48.dream of / about doing sth梦想做什么
49.continue doing sth继续做某事
50.put off doing sth推迟做某事
51.be used for doing sth =be used to do sth被用来做某事
52.prefer doing sth to doing sth宁愿（做）…而不（做）…
53.without doing sth没有做某事；没做某事
55.can't stop/help doing sth禁不住做某事；忍不住去做某事
56.look forward to doing sth盼望着做某事；期盼做某事
57.be against doing sth反对做某事
58.have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth
59.suggest doing sth建议做某事
60.be busy doing sth
61.be worth doing sth 值得做某事
62.stick to doing sth坚持做某事
[短语、词组归纳]
由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：
一、动词+介词
1．look at…看…，look like … 看上去像……，look after …照料…
2．listen to…听……
3．welcome to…欢迎到……
4．say hello to …向……问好
5．speak to…对……说话
此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。
二、动词+副词
“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：
A．动词（vt.）+副词
1．put on 穿上 2．take off脱下 3．write down记下
此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。
B．动词（vi）+副词。
1．come on赶快 2．get up起床 3．go home回家
4．come in进来 5．sit down坐下 6．stand up起立
此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。
三、其它类动词词组
1.close the door
2.1ook the same
3.go to work/class
4.be ill
5.have a look/seat
6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介词短语聚焦]
“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。
1．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。
2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。
3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。
5．in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。
6．in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。7．at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。8．at + 时刻表示钟点。
9．like this/that表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。
10．of短语表示所属关系。
11．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。
12．from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从……”，后者意为“到……”。
另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。
[重点句型大回放]
1．I think…意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…，
2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb. 3．take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。4．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……；另一个是……”，必须是两者中。
5．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，
6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换.
7．W hat about…？/How about…？意为“……怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。
8．It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。
9．like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，
10．ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不
定式，
11．show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。
12．introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。
中考英语动词时态、语态以及非谓语形式专项训练（附答案） 1. Whe n he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _______ for 20 minu tes. A. has left B. had left C. has bee n away D. had bee n away 2. I _____ the League for 5 years so far. A. jo ined B. have joined C. have bee n in 3. The factory ________ si nee the February of 1988. A . has bee n ope n B. has ope ned C. was ope n D. ope ned 4. Mary and Rose _______ f riends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have bee n C. made D. have become 5. You must n't ______ un til he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left 6. The meeti ng _________ f or a week now. A. has fini shed B. has en ded C. has bee n over 7. Miss Gao ____ this school for n early 5 years. A. has bee n in B. has come to C. has taught 8. Be n ____ a teacher for 4 years . A. has bee n B. has become C. was D. became 9. I _____ home for a week. A. have retur ned B. have bee n back C. retur ned 10. How long ______ he ________ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, bee n dead
英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。 （1）一般现在时 基本形式（以do为例）： 第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）； 肯定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他； He works for us. 否定句：主语＋don…t/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他； He doesn't work for us. 一般疑问句：Do/Does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。 肯定回答：Yes，（＋主语＋do/does）． 否定回答：No，（＋主语＋don't/doesn't.） 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语 Does he work for us? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't What does he do for us? He works for us. （2）一般过去时 be动词＋行为动词的过去式 否定句式：在行为动词前加didn…t，同时还原行为动词，或was／were＋not； was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词 例如：Did he work for us? He didn't work for us. He worked for us. （3）一般将来时 am／are／is＋going to＋do 或 will／shall＋do am/is/are/about to + do am/is/are to + do; 一般将来时的表达方法 be going to +动词原形
be +不定式,be to+动词原形,be about to ＋动词原形 be able to +不定式 be about to+动词原形 will + 动词原形； 例如：He is going to work for us. He will work for us； He is coming.这是特殊的用一般现在时表达将来时态的例子！！ (4)过去将来时 be（was，were）going to+动词原形 be（was，were）about to+动词原形 be（was，were）to+动词原形 肯定句：主语+be（was，were）going to+动词原形～. 否定句：主语+be（was，were）not going to+动词原形～. 疑问句：Be（Was，Were）+主语+going to+动词原形～？ 肯定句：主语+would（should）+动词原形～. 否定句：主语+would（should）not+动词原形～. 疑问句：Would（Should）+主语+动词原形～？ He would work for us. (5)现在进行时 主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式(其中v表示动词) 表示现在正在进行的动作或最近在做的事。 例如：I am buying a book. 第一人称+am+doing+sth 第二人称+are+doing +sth （doing是泛指所有的v-ing形式） 第三人称+is+doing+sth 例：He is working. (6)过去进行时 肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它 否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它 一般疑问句及答语：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它；答语：Yes,I主语+was/we re./No,I主语+wasn't/weren't. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它 He was working when he was alive. (7)将来进行时
语法填空（2011年全国高考时态语态非谓语动词汇编） 01.The next thing he saw was smoke (rise) from behind the house.（全国卷I） 02. If you don't like the drink that you ______(order), just leave it and try a different one.（全国卷II） 03. The island, _______ (join)to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. （全国卷II） 04. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody (break)into the office during the night. （江西卷） 05. On receiving a phone call from his wife (say) she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office. （江西卷） 06. Tsinghua University, (found) in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. （福建卷） 07. The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable_______ (hold). 08. Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they______ (receive)from China. (福建卷） 09. Look over there – there’s a very long, winding path (lead) up to the house.(山东卷) 10. When I got on the bus, I _____(realize)I had left my wallet at home. (山东卷) 11. She was surprised to find the fridge empty. The children _____ (eat)everything! (山东卷) 12. His first novel ( receive)good reviews since it came out last month.(陕西卷) 13．Claire had her luggage (check)an hour before her plane left. (陕西卷) 14. .More highways have been built in China, __(make)it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. (陕西卷) 15. Passengers are permitted (carry)only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.(天津卷） 16. ______ (translate)into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. .(天津卷） 17. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, (keep)on your feet.(北京卷) 18. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _____ (break)into small pieces.（安徽） 19. All visitors to this village _________ (treat) with kindness.(四川卷） 20. Simon made a big bamboo box (keep)the little sick bird till it could fly. (四川卷） 21. (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous. (四川卷） 22. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son. (graduate) from college. (辽宁卷) 23. More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _____ (raise)people’s concern over food safety. （重庆卷） 24. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself_______ (remind) of his own dreams. 25. The ability _____( express) an idea is as important as the idea itself. （湖南卷） 26. The players ______(select)from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 27. Do you wake up every morning _______(feel) energetic and ready to start a new day? （湖南卷） 28. It is the most instructive lecture that I _______(attend) since I came to this school. （湖南卷） 29. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _______(make) by science. （湖南卷） 30. Recently a survey _______(compare) prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. （江苏卷） 31. The rare fish, ______ (save)from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. （上海卷） 32. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam．Then I changed my mind, ______(realize) that he could do nothing to help. （上海卷） 33. Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem ______ (lose)the art of communicating face-to-face. （浙江卷） 34. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves (lose)for words. （浙江卷） 35. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city (cheer)by their enthusiastic supporters. （浙江卷）
高中英语动词时态和语态专项练习题 语境中的时态和语态具有灵活多变的特点，因此找出隐含于上下文中的时间信 息，正确认定动作行为所发生的时间是解题的关键。做动词时态和语态填空题时，常常按以下几个步骤： (1) 注意题干所提供的信息，如语境、情景以及说话人的情感; (2)根据句中的时间状语以及一些副词判断时态 ; (3)考虑语态 ; (4)考虑时态的一致性。另外，复习时，还要涉及到短暂性动词与延续性动词， 这两个概念一定要搞清。短暂性动词用于进行时态和完成时态都要受到限制。 1.(2002 全国高考题 )-You haven't said a word about my new coat ， Brenda.Do you like it? -I'm sorry I ________ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it's pretty on you. A.wasn't saying B.don't say C.won't say D.didn't say 2.(2002 全国高考题 )I wonder why Jenny ________us recently.We should have heard from her by now. A.hasn't written B.doesn't write C.won't write D.hadn't written 3.(2003 北京春季高考题 )-When will you come to see me，Dad? -I will go to see you when you ________ the training course. A.will have finished B.will finish C.are finishing D.finish 4.(2003 北京春季高考题 )-How long ________ at this job? -Since 1990. A.were you employed B.have you been employed C.had you been employed D.will you be employed 5.(2003 上海春季高考题 )By the end of last year，another new gymnasium ________ in Beijing. A.would be completed B.was being completed
专题02 单项选择（动词(词组或短语)非谓语动词及动词时态及语态） 1. 【2018年江苏省宿迁市】--I saw John in the park this morning.. --It _____be him. He has gone to HongKong. A. can’t B. can C. mustn’t D. must 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——今天早上我看见约翰在公园里。——不可能是他。他去香港了。考查情态动词辨析题。can’t不可能，表否定推测；can可以，表允许；C. mustn’t一定不要，表禁止；D. must一定是，表肯定推测。根据对句He has gone to HongKong.，结合句意语境，可知本句是否定推测，故选A。 2. 【2018年江苏省宿迁市】Liu Changjian, the command pilot of Sichuan Airlines Flight 3U8633, successfully down the plane last month. A. has brought B. ill bring C. brought D. bring 【答案】C 3. 【2018年江苏省宿迁市】---How is our government going to deal with the office building? --- It will be _____ a library. A. turned off B. turned on C. turned out D. turned into 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我们的政府如何处理办公大楼？——它将变成一个图书馆。考查动词短语辨析题。A. turned off关掉（开关等）；B. turned on打开（开关等）；C. turned out…打扮；D. turned into变成。根据句意语境，可知前三个选项都与句意不合，故选D。 4. 【2018年江苏省宿迁市】This kind of pen _____, and is also very cheap. I think you can buy some. A. writes well B. writes good C. is written well D. is written good 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这种笔写得很好，也很便宜。我想你可以买一些。考查动词语态和副词辨析题。write写，动词，需用副词修饰，good是形容词，可排除BD两项。write这个动作是由pen发出的，不可用被动语态，可排除C项。根据句意结构和语境，可知选A。
一般现在时、一般过去时 时态 名称 结构 常连用的词 主要用法 例句 一般现在时 1 be 动词用 am/is/are 表示，之后接名词，形容词或介词。 often; usually; every…; sometimes; always; never; once/twice/… a week/month/year; on Sundays/Mondays/….; 一般现在时 表示没有时限的持久存在的习惯性 的动作或状 态，或现阶段 反复发生的动作或状态，或一般真理 陈述句：I am an office worker. He is so lazy. They are at home now. 否定句： I am not Tim. She is not very beautiful. They are not in the office. 一般疑问句：Are you an officeassistant? Is she beautiful? 2行为动词用V 原形或V-s/es ，引导疑问句和否定句，用do 或don’t ；第三人称时用does 或doesn’t,有does 出现动词用原形；第三人称陈述句V 后加s 或es. 陈述句：I work in Shanghai. He works at home. Davy never watches TV at home. 否定句: I don’t like the food in KFC. Davy doesn’t like the food in KFC either. 一般疑问句: Do you want a cup of coffee? Does she live near thesubway station? 一般过去时。 1．be 动词用 过去式was 或 were 表示。 yesterday; the day before yesterday; last week/month/year/….; … ago; a moment ago; just now; on/in+过去的时间; 在过去时间 里所发生的 动作或存在 的状态。 陈述句：I was a big boss.He was beautiful. We were in Beijing last year. 否定句: I was not at home at that moment. We were not at work yesterday. 一般疑问句: Were you a teacher? Was she in the office last week? 2行为动词用V-ed ，陈述句，疑问句和 否定句借助 于did,有did 出现动词用原形。 陈述句：I worked in Sunmoon. We studied English there. He lived inHongKong. 否定句: I didn’t work here. They didn’t see me. She liked English a lot. 一般疑问句: Did you go to America? Did he work in Sunmoon?
语法（一）—动词时态语态 语法考点分析： 从句会占到7-9分，非谓语动词6-8分，这两块基本是15分；虚拟语气2-3分；时态与语态（主要是完成时）会有1分或情态动词的完成体1分，主谓一致1分。 从句中，重要考点是定语从句，定语从句会占到从句中3-4分，其中which引导的非限制性定语从句、只能用that引导定语从句必考；然后是名词性从句，其中主语从句中whether 与if 的区别、whoever的用法、that与what、whatever的区别是主要考点；还有that引导的同位语从句；状语从句中主要是as引导的让步状语从句、as(so) long as\unless\in case\since 的含义及用法、 no sooner…than…\ hardly…when…\ not…until…\ however的用法、比较级中的倍数问题等是必考的。 非谓语动词中现在分词与过去分词作状语、定语与表语的区别是必考的重点。 There is no good/use/point/sense doing…, It is no good /use doing…句型、admit, appreciate, avoid, can’t help, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, mind, recall, resent, resist,, risk, suggest等动词后跟动名词、分词作状语与分词独立结构的区别 虚拟语气，if引导一般虚拟条件句中对过去的假设、用should表虚拟、常用的虚拟语气句型：would rather, had rather, would as soon、It is (high/ about ) time（是……时候了）、动词wish后的虚拟语气、but for, lest, if only后的虚拟语气是重要考点。 主谓一致考点解析：就远法当主语与with, along with, accompanied by, in addition to, together with, including, as well as, like, besides, rather than。就近法not only…but also…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…, nor、物主代词或不定代词作主语none, all, half, some, most, any, the rest, 百分数、分数作主语、（the）one of +复数名词+ who/ that / which引导的定语从句的谓语。 情态动词的完成体是情态动词的考点。 动词时态与语态考试重点：过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成时、现在完成进行的用法。 一、动词时态 动词时态与语态 考试重点：过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时的用法；when, until, as soon as, before, unless, if, once, in case等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来时；come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等动词用一般现在时表将来时；反义疑问
怎么区别动词非谓语动词的时态 非谓语动词 非谓语动词（不能作谓语用）包括不定式、分词及动名词。 动词不定式 1．常用形式：一般主动式to do, 一般被动式to be done 完成主动式to have done, 完成被动式to have been done 进行式to be doing 2．语法功能：可作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语（即除谓语之外的各种成 分）。例如： 1）主语：To master a foreign language is very important. 2）表语：My job is to drive them to the company every day. 3）宾语：Do you want to visit the Great Wall? Can you give us some advice on what to do next? 宾补：The teacher advised us to have a rest first. I didn′t notice them come in. 注：see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等动词后作宾补的动词不定式不带to, 但变为被动语态以后（即不定式作主补时）要带to, （其中let sb. do sth. 变为被动式为sb. is let do sth.） help（帮助）后作宾补的动词不定式可带to，也可不带to. 即help sb.(to)do sth. 定语：不定式位于所修饰的名词，代词之后，如：Who was the first one to set to the top of the hill yesterday? /He is the man to depend on/to believe in. 6）状语：in order to A．目的状语：She reads China Daily every day so as to improve her English. to 注：in order to 可以位于句首或句中，so as to 不能位于句首。 B．原因状语：I’m glad to see you . 注：这种“be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，其不定式有时也可视为宾语，如：He is eager to go to college./ She is sure to come here. C．结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们一直活到见到家乡解放。 △在“too…to…”结构中表“太…结果不能”，如：He is too weak to do the work. 注：too之前如果有only, only too 表“非常”、“很”意，此时不定式不再表否定意，而表肯定意。如：They are only too lucky to go abroad for a visit. 他们很幸运去国外访问。 另外，too后如果是happy, glad之类形容词时，不定式也表肯定意， 如：She was too happy to meet her old friend in the street. △在“形容词/副词＋enough＋不定式”结构中表“足以能…”，如：He is strong enough to do the work. 3．复合结构不定式（for sb. to do sth.），可作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。for 本身无意义，sb.可称之为不定式的逻辑主语。例如：I think it necessary for him to go there at once.（复合结构不定式作宾语）
非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形 一、复习各种时态的被动语态 ★ 被动语态的基本结构：be+ done （以the book , publish 为例） 一般现在/过去时： The book is/ was p ublished 一般/过去将来时： The book will/would be p ublished The book is/was going to be p ublished 现在/过去进行时： The book is/was being p ublished 现在/过去完成时： The book has/had bee n p ublished 情态动词： The book can/could/may/might …be p ublished 二、不定式的被动式的基础知识： 1）一般式：（not/never ）to be done 2）完成式：（not/ never ）to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前） 三、▲通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换.如： They say that Mike is sick in bed. =lt is said that Mike is sick in bed. =Mike is said to be sick in bed. 据说麦克卧床不起. People believe that he was killed. =It is believed that he was killed. =He is believed to have been killed. 大家相信他被杀了. 四、当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者而非发出者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式(to be done). 语法功能： 1.作主语： It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 2.作宾语： She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.
时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。英语时态分为16种： 一. 一般现在时用法： A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。B) 习惯用语。C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. （下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。） How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？） F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sund ays, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 二. 一般过去时用法： A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。 B) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的就
非谓语动词的时态和语态问题 一、非谓语动词的时态问题 不定式或动词的-ing形式(包括现在分词和动名词)的动作若发生在谓语动词的动作之前，用完成式，否则就用一般式。例： 1.I don’t know whether you happen ________,but I’m going to study in the U. S. A. this September. (辽宁卷) A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard 【分析】答案选D。hear发生在谓语don’t know之前，用不定式的完成式。句意是：我不知道你是否已经听说过了，今年九月我要去美国学习。 2.The old man, ________ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. (江苏卷) A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked 【分析】答案选D。work发生在谓语(返回祖国)之前，用现在分词的完成式作状语，表示时间，相当于after he has worked abroad…不定式作状语不能表示时间。 3.“We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, ________ out of the window. (四川卷) A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked 【分析】答案选A。look out of the window与谓语动词said同时发生，用现在分词的一般式作状语，表示伴随情况。 若表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生，并强调正在进行的情景或持续性，可用进行式。如：
时态 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 1. 一般现在时 用法： A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。 C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。） D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。 例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. （下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。） How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？） F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。 例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。） 2. 现在进行时(be doing) 用法：现在正在进行的动作。 3. 现在完成时(have done) 用法： A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。 例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses. A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell 答案是C) haven't sold。 B) 表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。 例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. A) are to challenge C) have been challenged B) may be challenged D) are challenging C) 表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose 等。 例：John has broken his left leg.（约翰摔断了左腿。） 注意事项 A) 现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时强调动作的动态，或受动态的影响，是动态的结果，对现在有影响；过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。 例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他曾经在那家医院工作了8年。这只是讲述一个过去的事实，他现在已经不在那家医院了。） He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他已经在那家医院里工作了8年。表示他从过去开始工作，一直工作到现在，现在仍在那家医院工作。） B) 因为含有for加一段时间或since加一个时间点这样的时间状语的完成时，有动态和延续性的特点，所以
英语十六时态表格总结（很全面) 目录 一般现在时、一般过去时 ........................................................................................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。一般将来时、过去将来时?错误!未定义书签。 现在进行时、过去进行时 ........................................................................................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。现在完成时、过去完成时?错误!未定义书签。 英语时态表—英语时态举例!?错误!未定义书签。 详细讲解-一般现在时?错误!未定义书签。 详细讲解-现在进行时、一般过去时 ....................................................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。 现在进行时?错误!未定义书签。 一般过去时?错误!未定义书签。 详细讲解-过去进行时、过去完成时、 ................................................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。 过去进行时?错误!未定义书签。 过去完成时?错误!未定义书签。 详细讲解-过去完成进行时、一般将来时 ............................................................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。 过去完成进行时............................................................................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。 一般将来时....................................................................................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。详细讲解-将来进行时?错误!未定义书签。 将来进行时....................................................................................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。详细讲解-过去将来时、将来完成时 ....................................................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。 过去将来时?错误!未定义书签。 将来完成时....................................................................................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。