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动名词的复合结构有四种形式

动名词的复合结构有四种形式

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动名词的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动名词;②名词's+动名词;

③代词宾格+动名词;④名词+动名词。动名词的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时,不能用③、④两种形式;无生命名词不能用第②种形式,无论是作主语还是作宾语。动名词的复合结构,实际上是给动名词加了一个逻辑主语。如:His/Jack's not getting to the station on time made all of us worried.他/杰克没准时到火车站使得我们大家都很担心。Do you mind my/me/Jack's /Jack leaving now ?我/杰克现在离开你介意吗?可以说:I appreciate you very much!

动词过去分词及独立主格结构的用法

动词过去分词及独立主格结构的用法 一、过去分词的定义及其基本形式 1.过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式,过去分词具有动词、形容词和副词的特性,可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。如: (1)spoken English 英语口语(过去分词具有形容词的特性,作定语) (2)Given more time, we could do it much better. =If we were given more time, we could do it much better. 多给点时间,我们会做得更好些。 (过去分词具有动词的特性,有自己的宾语more time,构成分词短语;过去分词短语在句中作状语,具有副词的特性。) 2.过去分词的基本形式 (1)规则动词的过去分词由动词+ed构成 (2)不规则动词的过去分词须逐个记忆。 (3)不规则动词的过去分词表示完成,如: fallen leaves =leaves which have fallen落叶 (4)及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成,如: the machines used in the workshop =the machines which are used in the workshop 车间用的机器(及物动词的过去分词表示被动) I heard the door opened. =I heard the door has been opened. 我听见门被打开了。(及物动词的过去分词表示被动和完成) 二、过去分词的句法功能 过去分词是一种非谓语动词,在句中不能单独做谓语。但它具有形容词和副词的特性,故在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。

介词后 动名词结构一览

介词后+动名词结构一览.txt15成熟的麦子低垂着头,那是在教我们谦逊;一群蚂蚁能抬走大骨头,那是在教我们团结;温柔的水滴穿岩石,那是在教我们坚韧;蜜蜂在花丛中忙碌,那是在教我们勤劳。介词后+动名词结构一览 用法归纳由于to既可用作介词,也可用作不定式符号,所以许多学生在其后接动词时,弄不清到底该用动词原形,还是用动名词。本文根据新课标词汇(比考试大纲词汇范围稍广)对这类结构作了一次系统归纳,总结出介词to后接动名词的常考结构27个,并根据其结构特点,分为以下四类: 一、动词+介词to+动名词。这一种结构是考试中的大热考点,考生容易产生定势思维,想当然的认为“to”之后要跟"to do"不定式,所以,请特别重视下列含有“to"的动词短语。 1. admit to doing sth 承认做了某事 2. apply to doing sth 适用于做某事 3. object to doing sth 反对做某事 4. see to doing sth 负责做某事 5. stick to doing sth 坚持做某事 6. take to doing sth 喜欢上做某事,逐渐习惯做某事。 7. lead to通向 8. see to 负责 应用实例: He admitted having stolen the money. 他承认偷了钱。 These methods apply to learning English.这些方法适用于英语学习。 He objected to being treated like a child. 他反对被当作小孩子看待。 Reporters should stick to investigating the facts. 记者应坚持调查事实。 Soon he took to sleeping late. 不久他就养成了睡懒觉的习惯。 二、动词+宾语+介词to+动名词 9.devote oneself to doing sth专心致力于做某事把……献给做某事;献身于做某事 10. limit sth to doing sth 把…限制在做某事的范围内 11. reduce sb to doing sth 使某人沦为做某事 12. give one’s life to doing sth 献身于做某事 13. give one’s mind to doing sth 专心做某事 14. have a dislike to doing sth 厌恶做某事 15. have an eye to doing sth 注意做某事 15. have an eye to doing sth 16. have an objection to doing sth 反对(反感)做某事 17. pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 18. set one’s mind to doing sth 决心做某事 应用实例: She applied herself to learning English. 她专心学习英语。 Hunger reduced them to stealing. 饥饿使他们沦落为盗贼。 She devoted herself to helping the poor. 她致力于帮助穷人。 I have a strong dislike to playing cards for money. 我极讨厌打牌赌博。 He has a strong objection to getting up so early.他很反感这么早就起床。

动名词复合结构

动名词复合结构(转自北京四中网校) 专业知识2010-05-25 10:47:01 阅读34 评论0字号:大中小 I.动名词复合结构的构成 物主代词/人称代词或名词所有格/普通格与动名词连用,就构成了动名词的复合结构。物主代词或名词所有格等是动名词的逻辑主语。 II.动名词复合结构的作用 动名词复合结构在句中主要作主语和宾语。 1.作主语 The students' knowing English well will help them to learn French. 学生学好了英语对学习法语有帮助。 2.作动词宾语 I remember Tom's going there.我记得汤姆去过那里。 I would appreciate your calling back this afternoon. 你今天下午能回电话的话,我将非常感谢。 3.作介词宾语 Mary insisted on my reading the letter.玛丽坚持要我看信。 在口语和非正式文体中,动名词复合结构作宾语时,常用人称代词宾格代替物主代词,用名词普通格代替所有格。例如: I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. 我简直不敢想象彼得在五天内横渡大西洋。 They don't like me coming here.他们不喜欢我到这儿来。 注意: 1)若动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的“物”,而不是“人”时,最好用普通格。例如: I was afraid of the tent falling down during the night.我怕夜里帐篷倒塌了。

分词独立主格结构

分词独立主格结构 一、分词独立主格结构的概念及基本构成形式 1.分词独立主格结构概念:由名词或代词加上分词或分词短语构成的一种独立结构,2.分词独立主格结构功能:用于修饰整个句子,而不是一个词或词组,相当于副词的功能。, 3.分词独立主格结构的构成:名词或代词+分词或分词短语构 分词或分词短语构的逻辑主语是之前的名词或代词,这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系, 4.分词独立主格结构位置:相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开,常考的位置是主句前。 需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。 例如: 1)Night enshrouding the earth,nobodycould make out what the dark mass was from a distance.(黑夜笼罩大地,谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。)2)He lay at full length upon his stomach,his headresting upon his left forearm.(他的脊背朝天,四肢伸展,头枕着左臂,直挺挺地趴伏着。) 3)The coward was backing,his facebeing deathly pale,toward another room. (那个胆小鬼向另一个房间退去,脸色煞白。)5.独立主格结构可以和状语从句或两个简单句来代替。例如,上述例句可变为: 1)Becausenight enshrouded the earth,nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance.(原因状语从句) 2)He lay at full length upon his stomach.His headrested upon his left

(完整版)动名词讲解与练习

非谓语动词之动名词 一定义 动名词,就是动词后加ing 的形式,即doing sth.它的作用相当于一个名词,所以叫做“动名词”。 动名词的否定形式在动名词前加not。 二.动名词ing形式的变化规则。 1.一般在词尾直接加ing。 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e再加ing。 3.以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音的动词,要双写最后一个字母后加ing。 4.少数以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加ing。 三作用 一)作主语 1.动名词用作主语,谓语动词用单数。. Reading French is easier than speaking it. 阅读法文比讲法语容易。 Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。 Smoking can cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌。 Growing roses is her hobby. 种玫瑰是她的爱好。 2.有时it作形式主语,把动名词主语放在句子后面。 It’s nice seeing you again.再次见到你太好了。

It was tiring driving from morning till night. 从早到晚开车很累人。 It’s a wonder meeting you here.在这里碰到你真是奇迹。 It was a waste of time reading that book. 看那本书是浪费时间。 3.动名词的复合结构作主语 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格,构成动名词的复合结构(这时,名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。 注意比较下面两个句子的区别与联系: I don’t mind smoking here. I don’t mind his smoking here. 注意:在口语中,如果动名词复合结构作宾语,其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格,名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替,但在句首做主语时不能这样来代替。 【例题】翻译句子(需包含动名词相关形式): ①介意我用下你的电脑吗? ? ②爸爸坚决要求他的儿子上大学。 . ③玛丽病了,使她妈妈很着急。 . ④他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。 . 4.动名词和动词不定式作主语的区别: 动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;不定式多用来表示具体的动作或行为,往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。

动名词的用法

动名词 定义:动名词是动词的一种非限定形式,兼有动词和名词的特征,它可以带宾语,也能被状语修饰。动名词接宾语或状语构成动名词短语。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 基本形式:由动词原形家词尾-ing构成,与现在分词形式相同。动名词已经名词化了,而现在分词常表示动作或状态。如:a sleeping chair 躺/睡椅(动名词,表用途) a sleeping child 正在睡觉的孩子(现在分词,表状态) 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 1、作主语 1)直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffering. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。 注意:动名词做主语时,谓语动词为单数 2)用 it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪 费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 这种用法在习惯句型中常用,常用句型: It is + no use/no good/useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/ interesting/foolish/nice/a waste of time/a plessure… + v.ing 注意:important,essential,necessary 等形容词后面不用动名词(常用不定式)。3)用于“There be”结构中。 There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。

垂悬分词和独立主格结构

垂悬分词和独立主格结构 I.一般来讲,分词或分词短语在句子中充当状语时,其逻辑主语与句子主语一致 如Opening the drawer he took out a revolver.(其中opening的逻辑主语是句子主语he) II.当分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,则应将分词的逻辑主语补出来 如George yawning,the conversation dropped.这种分词结构被称作独立主格结构(独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词) §独立主格结构基本构成形式 【名词(代词)+现在分词(过去分词;形容词;副词;不定式;名词;介词短语)】,在句中一般作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等,还可以作定语 1. 名词(代词)+现在分词 There being no bus, we had to walk home.(原因) 由于没有公共汽车,我们只好走回家。 2.名词(代词)+过去分词 The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved. (原因) 由于工人们的生活条件大大提高,他们工作得更起劲了。 He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.(伴随状况) 他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板。 3.名词(代词)+不定式 在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,动词不定式则用主动的形式;如果是动宾关系,则用被动形式。 The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book. 我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。 Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. 种上许多的树、花和草后,我们新建的学校看上去将更美。 4.名词(代词)+形容词 The Trojans asleep, the Greek soldiers crept out of the hollow wooden horse. 特洛伊人睡着了,于是希腊士兵从中空的木马里悄悄爬了出来。 Computers very small, we can use them widely. 电脑虽小,我们却能广泛地利用它们。 5.名词(代词)+副词 The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room. 散会了,校长很快就离开了会议室。 The lights off, we could not go on with the work. 灯熄了,我们不能继续工作了。 6.名词(代词)+名词 His first shot failure,he fired again. 他第一枪没击中,又打了一枪。 Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. 两百人死于事故,其中有许多儿童。

独立分词结构

一、独立分词结构与状语从句 我们都知道,分词是英语里很重要的一种连词成句的手段(其他的手段还有介词和连词),独立分词结构作为分词的一种特殊结构,在英语造句方面也起着重要作用。对于这一重要造句规则,有很多读者来信提问,他们往往不明白为什么会有独立分词结构这样的造句规则。要回答这个问题,首先,我们要明白,独立分词结构在句中都是用作状语,可以表示各种意义,比如表达时间、原因、让步等等。因此,独立分词结构与状语从句有着密切联系。下面我就通过比较独立分词结构和状语从句,来分析独立分词结构的由来。请比较下面例句: (1). a. As so many directors were absent, the board meeting had to be put off. b. So many directors being absent, the board meeting had to be put off. 妙语点睛: 在a句中,使用了一个由as引导的原因状语从句;在b句中,使用的是“名词(so many directors)+分词(being absent)”这样的独立分词结构。所以,我们看到这里独立分词结构替代了一个原因状语从句。这里名词短语“so many directors”是分词短语的逻辑主语,句子主语是“the board meeting”。这里b句是2000年一道四级考题,原题是“So many directors _____, the board meeting had to be put off”,四个备选项是:A. were absent, B. being absent, C. been absent, D. had been absent。有读者会问:这里为什么不用谓语动词were absent或had been absent?而要用非谓语动词being absent这样分词形式?这里因为逗号“,”后边已经有了一个完整的陈述句“the board meeting had to be put off”,又因为英语里逗号不能连接两个句子的,所以逗号前面只能是短语的形式,故要用分词短语being absent,而不是谓语were absent 或had been absent。以下例句中b句均由于此原因而采用了分词形式。 精品译文: 由于有很多董事缺席,所以董事会只好延期举行。 (2). a. When the machine malfunctioned, the worker called someone to fix it. b. The machine malfunctioning, the worker called someone to fix it. 妙语点睛: 在a句中,使用了一个由when引导的时间状语从句;在b句中,使用的是“名词(the machine)+分词(malfunctioning)”这样的独立分词结构。所以,我们看到这里独立分词结构替代了一个时间从句。这里名词短语“the machine”是分

介词to后+动名词结构一览

介词to后+动名词结构一览 用法归纳由于to既可用作介词,也可用作不定式符号,所以许多学生在其后接动词时,弄不清到底该用动词原形,还是用动名词。本文根据新课标词汇(比考试大纲词汇范围稍广)对这类结构作了一次系统归纳,总结出介词to后接动名词的常考结构27个,并根据其结构特点,分为以下四类: 一、动词+介词to+动名词作宾语结构。 这一种结构是考试中的大热考点,考生容易产生定势思维,想当然的认为“to”之后要跟"to do"不定式,所以,请特别重视下列含有“to"的动词短语。 1. admit to doing sth 承认做了某事 2. apply to doing sth 适用于做某事 3. object to doing sth 反对做某事 4. see to doing sth 负责做某事 5. stick to doing sth 坚持做某事 6. take to doing sth 喜欢上做某事,逐渐习惯做某事。 7. lead to通向 8. see to 负责 应用实例: 1.He admitted having stolen the money. 他承认偷 了钱。 2.These methods apply to learning English.这些方 法适用于英语学习。

3.He objected to being treated like a child. 他反 对被当作小孩子看待。 4.Reporters should stick to investigating the facts. 记者应坚持调查事实。 5.Soon he took to sleeping late. 不久他就养成了睡 懒觉的习惯。 二、动词+宾语+介词to+动名词作宾语结构 9. devote oneself to doing sth专心致力于做某事把……献给做某事;献身于做某事 10. limit sth to doing sth 把…限制在做某事的范围内 11. reduce sb to doing sth 使某人沦为做某事 12. give one’s life to doing sth 献身于做某事 13. give one’s mind to doing sth 专心做某事 14. have a dislike to doing sth 厌恶做某事 15. have an eye to doing sth 非常注意做某事,着眼于 16. have an objection to doing sth 反对(反感)做某事 17. pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 18. set one’s mind to doing sth 决心做某事 应用实例: 1.She applied herself to learning English. 她专心 学习英语。 2.Hunger reduced them to stealing. 饥饿使他们沦 落为盗贼。 3.She devoted herself to helping the poor. 她致力 于帮助穷人。

高考英语 分词作状语独立主格

分词作状语-独立主格 分词和分词短语作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随情况。在表示时间、原因、条件、让步和方式时,通常可转换为相应的状语从句,表示方式和伴随情况时,可以转换为一个并列的谓语成分。 例如:Seeing the teacher entering the room,the students stood up.(=When the students saw the teacher entering the room,they stood up.)学生们看见老师走进房间,都站了起来。 Heated,ice will be changed into water.(=When it is heated...)当冰加热时,它就会变成水。(条件、时间) Being excited, I couldn’t go to sleep.(=As I was excited,I couldn’t go to sleep.)我兴奋得睡不着觉。(原因) I stood there, listening to the broadcast.(=I stood there and listened to the broadcast.)我站在那儿听广播。(伴随) The children went away laughing.(=The children went away.They laughed as they went.)孩子们笑着走开了。(行为方式) Knowing all this,they made me pay for the damage.(=Although they know all this...)他们尽管了解这一切,还是要我赔偿损失。 (3)分词作状语与主语的关系。 A. 现在分词作状语时,现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,它们之间的关系是主动关系。 例如:He went out shutting the door behind him.他出去后将门随手关上。 Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.由于不知如何办是好,他去找父母帮忙。 B. 过去分词作状语时,过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是被动关系。 例如:Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些,它们本来会长得更好。 Faced with difficulties,we must try to overcome them.在遇到困难的时候,我们必须设法克服。 (4)分词作状语时前面可用连词。 when,while,once,if,unless,though等引导的状语从句,若其主语与主句主语相同时,可保留该副词连接词,其余部分则化简为分词短语。 例如:When (being) free,I’ll fetch you.有空时,我会来接你。 While walking along the street early in the morning,he saw her.一早在街上散步时,他看到了她。 If falling ill,I’ll see my doctor.如果生病我会去看医生。 Once completed,this power station supplies the nearby towns and villages with electricity.这个电站一旦建成,将向附近的城乡供电。 Even though given every opportunity,they would not try.即使给他们一切机会,他们也不肯试一试。 Though knowing the truth,he remained silent.虽然他知道实情,却保持沉默。 Unless (being) rich,I am not going abroad.除非有钱,要不然我是不会出国的。 (5)分词作状语时,要特别注意其逻辑主语须和谓语动词的主语一致,否则分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词结构称作分词的独立结构,或独立主格。

独立主格结构

独立主格结构 基本概念 1.独立结构的实质和类型 所谓“独立结构”(Absolute Construction)实质就是带有自己主语的非限定分句和无动词分句。如前所述,非限定分句和无动词分句通常是以主语的一定成分作为自己的逻辑主语,从而依附于主语。但也有一些非限定分句和无动词分句带有自己的主语,从而在结构上与主语不发生关系,因此叫“独立结构”。其实,所谓“独立结构”也并非真正独立,它还是一种从属分词。 “独立结构”按其结构形式,分为不定式“独立结构”,-ing分词“独立结构”,-ed分词“独立结构”和无动词“独立结构”,通常在句中起状语分句的作用。 例如: (1)A number of officials followed the emperor, some to hold his robe, others to adjust his girdle, and so on.许多官员尾随皇帝之后,有的拎着皇帝的衣袍,有的则给他整腰带等。(some to hold…和others to adjust…为不定式独立结构) (2)There being nothing else to do, we left.由于没有其它事情可做,我们离开了。(There being…为-ing分词独立结构) (3)She gazed, her hands clasped to her breast.她凝视着,双手叉在胸前。(her hands clasped…为-ed分词独立结构) (4)He went off, gun in hand.他手里拿着枪离开了。(gun in hand为无动词独立结构) (5)The floor wet and slippery, we stayed outside.由于地板又湿又滑,我们呆在屋外。(The floor wet…为无动词“独立结构”) 2.“独立结构”的用法和意义 由上述诸例可以看出,“独立结构”与主语之间通常用逗号隔开,但也有用破折号的。例如:(6)The room was in chaos--- dirty clothes strewn on the floor, cosmetics scattered over the dresser, empty bottles and cans everywhere.房间一片混乱,脏衣服扔在地板上,化装品散乱在梳妆台上,到处都是空的瓶。 在“独立结构”中做主语的名词词组有时可以省去限定词。例如: (7)The manager sat quietly in the office, (his ) eyes closed.经理静静地坐在办公室里,双目紧闭。“独立结构”的位置是比较灵活的,它可位于句首,句中或句尾。例如: (8)Their room was on the third floor, its window overlooking the sports ground. 他们的房间在三层楼上,窗户俯视着操场。 (9)He guiding her, they stumbled through the street.他引着他,两个人蹒跚地穿过那条街。 (10)He, God willing, would be in the village before the second next month.他,如果情况允许,将于下月二日前来到这个村庄。 如果一句中含有几个“独立结构”,通常是把表示概括意义的结构置于最后。例如: (11)The professor was slammed against the wall, his body frisked, his wrists handcuffed, his dignity lost.教授被猛推倒墙上,被搜了身,手被拷着,尊严尽失。 “独立结构”在句中可表示多种含义。例如:表示时间:

分词的独立主格结构专练

分词的独立主格结构专练 1. _____, John returned to school from his hometown. A. The summer vacation being over B. The summer vacation is over C. Because the summer vacation over D. After the summer vacation being over 2. The money , he couldn't buy any ticket.. A. to lose B. losing C. lost D. has lost 3. Winter , it's time to buy warm clothes. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming 4. Time ______, they'll come here to watch us ______ football. A. permitted, playing B. permitted, to play C. permitting, play D. permitting, to play 5. The final exam _____, he works hard. A. draws near B. drawing near C. drew near D. draw near 6. My homework ______ , I went to bed . A. finishing B. finished C. being finished D. having finished 7. All fights ______ because of the terrible weather, they had to get there by train. A. having been canceled B. had been canceled C. having canceled D. were canceled 8. Five students joined in the discussion, John ______. A. including B. included C. to include D. include 9. _______, we’ll go for an outing. A. Being fine B. It being fine C. Because it fine D. It is fine 10. ________, tears came to his eyes. A. Hearing the news B. Heard the news C. When he heard the news D. He heard the news 11.He r glasses________, she couldn't see the words on the black board A. break B. broke C. was broken D. broken 12.The girl _________ at him, he didn't know what to say. A. was staring B. stared C. staring D. was stared at 13. He wrappe d he r up with great care, _______dark. A. being B. the night be ing C. the night was D. He was 14.There _____no taxis, we had to walk. A. was B. be ing C. to be D. we re 15.The problems_______, the quality has been improve d. A. solve d B. solving C. we re solve d D. to be solve d 1-5 ACDCB 6-10 BABBC 11-15 DCBBA

(完整word版)英语中四大复合结构

英语中有四大复合结构: 1. 动词不定式的复合结构( for sb to do sth ) Please find some work for the children to do. (孩子们做工作) The book is too difficult for me to read, (我读不懂) 2. 动名词的复合结构(sb’s / sb doing sth ) His being late again made the teacher angry. (他迟到) Would you mind my / me smoking here? (我抽烟) 动名词复合结构不在句首时可以用“宾格加动名词”。 以上两种结构中,一个只能用不定式表示动作,一个只能用动名词;而在下面两个结构中,可以有多种词性的词表示动作或状态。 3. 独立主格结构(主格名词或代词+补足成分) The work finished, we stopped for a drink. (分词) She looked angrily at the pretty girl, her face white and her eyes green. (形容词) Sword in hand, the man came at me. (介词短语) 独立主格结构在句子中做状语,表原因或伴随状态。 4. 复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语) His speech made us laugh. (不定式) When she woke up, she found herself in hospital. (介词短语) I want the house painted white. (分词) Don’t keep the lights on all the night. (副词。这类副词还有:here, there, home, back, off, away, out, in, up, down等) We consider him one of our best friends. (名词) We found the movie wonderful. (形容词)

动名词用法归纳

动名词用法归纳Mar 11, 2011 一. 动名词作主语和表语 动名词表示抽象的具有普遍性的行为,不定式表示某一次具体的行为。 Seeing is believing. (但现代英语也可以:To see is to believe.) Swimming is a good sport. (抽象) To swim is good for today. (具体) My job is teaching English. (抽象) Your job is to clean the window now. (具体) 二. 作宾语 1. help to do 帮着做 can’t help doing 禁不住 want / need doing = want / need to be done Your hair needs cutting. / Your hair needs to be cut. 2. 只能跟动名词作宾语的动词有: enjoy; finish; suggest; advise; imagine; mind; practise; consider(考虑);understand; bear / stand (容忍) 等。 I enjoy listening to music. I’ve finished doing my homework. He imagined finding a purse in the street. He suggested having a rest. She is practising playing the piano. He is considering going abroad. 3. 接动名词作宾语的短语有: be good at; be proud of; be fond of; look forward to; be devoted to; insist on; be busy doing; be worth doing; feel like doing; be used to doing; succeed in doing 等。 She is proud of being beautiful. He is fond of playing computer games. I am looking forward to going to the village. I insist on learning English. 4. 接动名词作宾语的重点介词: after; before; on (一…就…); without 等。 After playing football, we feel tired. Before playing football, we feel excited. On opening my eyes, I found Mother standing by my side. I sometimes go to school without having breakfast. 三.动名词作定语 动名词作定语说明被修饰词的用途;现在分词作定语说明被修饰词本身发出的动作。

动名词复合结构的形式

动名词复合结构的形式 带有逻辑主语的动名词叫做“动名词复合结构”,其形式有如下两种:a)名词所有格/物主代词+动名词,如: I insist on Mary’s going there. 我坚持要玛丽到那儿去。 I had not heard of your being ill. 我没听说你病了。 b)名词通格/人称代词宾格+动名词,如: Usually at the beginning of school, the noise of desks being opened and closed, and lessons repeated at the top of the children’s voices could be heard out in the street. In fact, I think it’s very much nicer without him, if you don’t mind me saying so. 在确定逻辑主语的格的形式时须注意以下几点: 1)动名词复合结构作主语时一般用名词所有格或物主代词。例如: Nixon’s visiting China marked a new ear between U.S. and China diplomatic relations. 尼克松访问中国标志着中美外交关系进入一个新的时代。 2)在口语和非正式语体中,只要不是作主语,动名词复合结构中的逻辑主语常采用名词通格或人称代词宾格。例如: The doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.代夫并不反对我偶尔吃一点肉。 3)如果逻辑主语是一个短语或有修饰语,一般用名词通格或人称代词的宾格的形式。例如: The teacher insisted on the boy who threw the eraser apologizing. 老师支持要那个扔掉刷子的男孩道歉。 I insist on both of them coming in time. 我坚持要他们两人准时来。 Do you remember Mary and her mother coming to see us last year? 4)无生命的事物名词作逻辑主语时一般采用通格形式。例如: The suggestion of the meeting being put off was not adopted by the chairman.延期召开会议的建议没有被主席采纳。 1)-s 结尾的复数名词作逻辑主语时一般用通格。例如: The librarian wouldn’t like his books being earmarked.图书管理员不喜欢书角被折。2)集合名词、单复数同形的名词或变化不规则的复数名词作逻辑主语并同动名词一起作宾语时,一般用通格。例如:I was surprised at the children playing in the street yesterday. 3)不定代词或批示代词作动名词的逻辑主语时,一般不用或很少用所有格形式。例如:He was awaken by someone knocking on the window. I object to that being said about me.我反对那样说我。

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