Contents 英语宾语补足语用法详解 (2) 一、概念 (2) 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 (2) 三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词 (3) 典例精析： (4)
英语宾语补足语用法详解 一、概念 分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。具体地说，主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。先了解宾语补足语，则很容易了解主语补足语。 宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。 句型：及物动词+宾语(n./pron.)+宾语补足语(n./adj./adv./to do/-ing/-ed/介词短语共7种表示法) 该句型若变成被动语态，即将宾语提到句首作主语，原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用，所以改称主语补足语。例如： A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. 此句中smoking是主语he的补足语，所以称为主语补足语。 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 分词作主语(宾语)补足语时，若主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动； 如果主语(宾语)与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。例如： He was heard singing in the next room. He was singing.主语he与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词singing。 One of the glasses was found broken. One of the glasses was broken.主语one of the glasses与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词broken。 Don‘t leave the water running while you brush your teeth.
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you? 特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态
详解双宾语和宾语补足语的区别：以make, give举例说明 双宾语结构：1. 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 2. 动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语 3. 动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语 其中间接宾语是指人的，直接宾语是指物的 宾语补足语结构：1.动词+人（宾语）+动词原形 2.动词+宾语+形容词 3.动词+宾语+带to的不定式 4.动词+宾语+省to的不定式 5.动词+宾语+名词短语 其中红色部分作为句子的宾补成分, 特别强调的是宾 语补足语不可以和宾语换位置。 一、举例说明双宾语： 1. She made us coffee. 其中us 为句子的间接宾语coffer为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句： She made coffer for us. 2. He gave me a book. 其中me 为句子的间接宾语a book为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句： He gave a book to me 二、举例说明宾语补足语: We make Lijian our monitor. 其中红色为宾补成分 这个句子最容易让人弄错，以为是双宾语，其实是our monitor作为句子的宾语补足语，这个句子是不可以改写成： We make our monitor for Lijian. （×） He asked me some questions. 这个句子容易让人误认为是宾语补足语结构，实际是双宾语结构，只不过这个句子中的动词的间接宾语不能+to或+for,这类动词还有cost, refuse, promise
The book cost me five yuan. 三、动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语，这种结构中能用for改为同义句的动词有：buy, play, make, find,keep,choose,cut,cook,wash等 Please cut Tom the cake.= Please cut the cake for Tom. My father often washes me the clothes.=My father often washes the clothes for me. My father often cooks me lunch.=My father often cooks lunch for me. 四、动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语，这种结构中能用to改为同义句的动词有：七给give, hand, pass, lend, send, show, write,一带bring，还有pay, teach, tell, wish, return, sell, read,等 I returned him the storybook= I returned the storybook to him. He showed all his friends his pictures.= He showed his pictures to all his friends. He sent me a book.= He sent a book to me
英语语法: 英语从句完全汇总 一.主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that …事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is +形容词+从句 It is natural that…很自然… It is strange that…奇怪的是… (3) it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that…似乎… It happened that…碰巧… (4) it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that…据报道… It has been proved that…已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…, It occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong) (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that 则不
英语中的宾语补足语和双宾语 整理人：计算机学院张学龙马文书 一、何谓宾语补足语 在英语语言中，一些及物动词后面除了跟宾语外，还需要有一个宾语补足语来对宾语进行补充说明，使其意义更加完整清楚。宾语与宾语补足语合起来称作复合宾语。能跟复合宾语的常见动词有： want（想要）,ask（请求要求）,tell（告诉）,see（看见）,hear（听见）,find（发现）,call （称呼）,let（让）,make（使）,get（使）,have（使）,consider（认为）等。 二、动词宾语补足语的几种情况 1.形容词或形容词短语充当宾语补足语。如： He found the bird dead. 他发现那只鸟死了。 2.现在分词或现在分词短语充当宾语补足语。如： Add some more coal to keep the fire going. 再添些煤，别让火灭了。 什么是双宾语？什么是复合宾语？ 1.英语中，有些及物动词可以接两个宾语，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾 语，这两个宾语称为"双宾语"。 句子结构为："主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语"。 如： My parents bought me a computer. 我父母给我买了一台电脑。 2、英语中有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况，否则句子意思就不完整。宾语和宾语补足语合称为"复合宾语"。句子结构为："主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语"。-ing形式、动词不定式、介词短语等。 如：He made us laugh. 他使我们哈哈大笑。 1、间接宾语可以改为由介词to或for引起的短语，放在直接宾语后面。 如：He gave her some chips. = He gave some chips to her. 2、以下几种情况通常要用介词to或for引起的短语： 1)当直接宾语是人称代词(it/them)时。 如：This book is Mr Wang's. Please give it to him. 2)当强调间接宾语时。 如：Mother cooks meals for us every day. 3)当间接宾语比直接宾语长一些时。 如：On the bus, she often gives her seat to the old person. 3、由to引出间接宾语的动词有：give, show, pass, lend, take, tell等 由for引出间接宾语的动词有：buy, make, cook, get, sing, read等。
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解 小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述转化that引，一般疑问用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一．基本讲解来源：直接引语变间接引语 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 Eg: He said,“I am good at drawing”. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) 1.引导词 (1) that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当, that可省略。 Eg: She said,“I want to go there ”She said (that) she wanted to go there. (2) whether 或if 引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。 Eg: “Are you interested in geography?” she said. She asked if/whether I was interested in geography. I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei . I’m not sure whether he will come or not. 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外 a. 介词短语后只用whether 不用if eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether. eg:I can?t say whether or not he will come on time c. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，表示‘如果’，不能用whether. Eg: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times. Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay. (3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。 特殊疑问词为：how , when, where, why ,which whose. E.g. …What do you want?? He asked. He asked me what I wanted. I have no idea where he is now. I don?t know how to deal with it. He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class. 2.宾语从句时态 a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制 eg: Do you know if/whether he has seen the film? I?m sorry to hear that your father is ill. She says she is going to go to Beijing next week. He tells me that his sister came back yesterday. b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态 She didn?t know why the boy was late again. (过去一般) I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film.（过去完成） I wondered when she was going to America.（过去将来） 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： Eg: He said （that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound.）The teacher told us （seeing is believing.）
初中英语语法：宾语从句 考察的三个要点：语序，时态，关联词。 1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句。 3宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。（who 作主语的从句本身就是陈述句语序） 4宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，连接宾语从句的连词有 that（that在口语中常省略）。 whether，if，和连接代词what，which， who， whom及连接副词when， where， how， why。 He knew（that） he should study hard. 他知道他应该努力学习。 Can you tell me which class you are in？ 您能告诉我，您在哪一班吗？ He asked me if he could come in， 他问我他是否能进来。 5.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.如：一般那情况下能够省略。 He told us that he felt ill. I know he has returned. 注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都能够省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。
1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened. （and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。） 2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. （that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。） 3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.（that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。） 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 （2）从属连词if/whether.如： I doubt whether he will succeed. I don’t know if you can help me. （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever， whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why. Who or what he was，Martin never learned. I wonder what he’s writing to me about. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.
宾语从句教学设计 一、导入 1.复习什么是宾语。动词/介词后面的名词就是宾语。 I play basketball. We are talking about our homework.. 2.宾语从句就是在宾语的位置上放一个完整的句子。 3.I love that I can earn some coupons. 板书：He knows me. He knows what’s wrong with his wife. 说出2个句子的宾语。 说出2个句子的宾语是词（词组）还是句子。 第一个句子的宾语是一个词构成的，第二个句子的宾语是一个句子，我们称这种做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。在句子中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。其中he knows 叫主句，what’s wrong with him是从句。 说出下面4个句子的主句和从句。 A．He said that he had a very good journey home. B．He asked if /whether they had come. C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun. D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office. 总结：。。是主句，剩下的是由that，if，how引导的宾语从句。 初步认识了宾语从句，下面我们开始了解宾语从句的三要素 引导词（连接词） 语序 时态 1)从属连词that引导陈述句宾语从句，在口语或者非正式语中可以被省略 比如上面四句话中的A,C就是that引导的陈述句的宾语从句。如果省略掉that，该如何修改。（让学生口头修改） A．He said that he had a very good journey home. C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun. 2）由从属连词whether, if 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句，表示“是否”，比如上面的B就是由if引导的宾语从
英语语法总结：宾语从句 考察的三个要点：语序，时态，关联词。 1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句。 3宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。(who 作主语的从句本身就是陈述句语序) 4宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，连接宾语从句的连词有 that(that在口语中常省略)。 whether，if，和连接代词what，which， who， whom及连接副词when， where， how， why。 He knew(that) he should study hard. 他知道他应该努力学习。 Can you tell me which class you are in? 您能告诉我，您在哪一班吗? He asked me if he could come in， 他问我他是否能进来。 5.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类： (1)从属连词that.如：一般那情况下能够省略。 He told us that he felt ill. I know he has returned. 注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都能够省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。
1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened. (and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that 不能省略。) 2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. (that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。) 3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。) 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 (2)从属连词if/whether.如： I doubt whether he will succeed. I don’t know if you can help me. (3)连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever， whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why. Who or what he was，Martin never learned. I wonder what he’s writing to me about. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. 注意 1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
宾语从句 定义：作各类词的宾语 在复合句中用作动词宾语或介词宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 A：作动词的宾语 He told us (that) he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。 Do you know whose dictionary it is? 你知道这是谁的字典吗？ He has informed me when they are to discuss the work plan. 他已经通知我他们将什么时候讨论工作计划。点津坊 ☆注意：doubt (怀疑)的肯定句接if/whether引导的宾语从句，但否定句和疑问句接that引导的宾语从句。 I doubt whether/if he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。 I do not doubt that he can recite the poem. 我相信他能把这首诗背下来。 Do you doubt that he will win? 你不相信他会获胜吗？ B：作介词的宾语 He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day. 他对那天发生的事感到很不快。 I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要说什么。 Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it. 你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。 They were praised or criticized according to how they had done their work. 他们受表扬还是受批评是根据他们工作好坏而定的。 C：作形容词的宾语 I am not sure what I ought to do. 我不能确定我该做什么。 I'm afraid (that) you don't understand what I said. 恐怕你没领会我说的意思。 I'm surprised (that) I didn't see all that before. 我好奇怪，我以前没见过那一切。 ☆注意：that引导的宾语从句只用在少数介词后，如：except, in, but等。此时，that不能省略。 I know little about him except that he lives downstairs.
宾语补足语 宾语补足语是用于补充说明宾语的成分。宾语补足语常常放在宾语之后，和宾语一起构成复合宾语。 一、常见的能接宾语补足语的词语 1.使役动词 （1）使役动词make make用作使役动词表示“使”时，可跟复合结构，即“make +宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、不带to的不定式、过去分词。 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.大雨使得我们无法出去。 He couldn't make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.在交通嘈 杂声中他无法使自己让别人听到。 What makes the grass grow?什么使得草生长？ ★动词不定式作make的宾语补足语时要用省略to的形式，但如果用在被动语态中，to一定不能省略。 She was made to work twelve hours a day.她被迫每天工作十二个小时。（2）使役动词have have表示“使得??”，其后接宾语补足语，常用于以下结构： ①have sb. do sth.使/让某人做某事 ②have sb. Doing sth.使/让某人一直做某事
③have sth. Done使/让某事被做；遭遇某种不幸 The teacher had the little boy write on the blackboard.老师让这个小男孩在黑板上写。 1 / 8 don't have the lights burning all the night. 不要让灯整夜亮着。 He had the bike repaired yesterday.昨天他让人修了自行车。 He had his leg broken in the match.在比赛中他摔断了腿。 （3）使役动词leave leave用作使役动词，表示“使/让??保持某种状态”，可以用形容词、名词、介词短语、分词作宾语补足语。 ①He left the door open when he went out.他出去时，没有关门。 ②They walked off and left me sitting there alone.他们走开了，让我一个人坐在那儿。 （4）使役动词keep keep用作使役动词，表示“使/让??保持某种状态”，可以用形容词、现在分词作宾语补足语。 ①Close the door to keep the room warm.关上门让房间保持暖和。 ②You've kept me waiting an hour.你已经让我等了一个小时！ （5）使役动词get get用作使役动词，表示“促使某事发生”或“使得某人做某事”，其
初中英语语法归纳：宾语从句 为了提高同学们的英语复习效率，中国教育在线整理了初中英语语法之宾语从句，宾语从句是初中英语知识中的重点和难点。下面为大家详细讲解一下。 一、概述 宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。 主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。 简单句She knew the teacher(宾语)复合句She knew that the teacher had seen the film.(宾从) 二、宾语从句 1.语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种： 1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有：who，what，which等。如： Could you tell me who knows the answer，please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗? The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子 里有什么东西. I don't know which belongs to my father. 2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如： He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人。 3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who(m)，what，which, how many, how much, when, why, how, where, if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)。如： He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。 Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗? 4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如： Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗? She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。 2.连接词
在英语中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、状语、表语、定语、补语、宾补的位置烟雨 在英语中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、状语、表语、定语、补语、宾补的位置『黑色ひ粉末』 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语，谓语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语等。 顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语 主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。Helikeswatch'ingTV.他喜欢看电视。 2、谓语 谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。 一般可分为两类： 1)，简单谓语 由动词(或短语动词)构成。 可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。 Westud'yforthepeo'ple.我们为人民学习。 2)，复合谓语：情态动词＋不定式 Icanspeakalit'tleEng'lish.我可以说一点英语。 3、表语 表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。一般由名词，代词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等充当。 Mysis'terisanurse.我姐姐是护士。 4、宾语 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。 WelikeEng'lish.我们喜欢英语。 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。 Hegavemesom'eink.他给了我一点墨水。 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如： Wemakehimourmon'itor.我们选他当班长。 5、定语 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在被修饰的词前面。Heisanewstu'dent.他是个新生。 但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。Thebikeintheroomismine.房间里的自行车是我的。
宾语从句 一、概述 宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。 简单句She knew the teacher(宾语）复合句She knew that the teacher had seen the film.(宾从）二、宾语从句 1．语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：1）连接词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有：who，what，which等。如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？ The small children don't know what is in their stockings．这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西. I don't know which belongs to my father. 2）连接词＋名词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如： He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人。3）连接词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who（m），what，which, how many, how much, when, why, how, where, if /whether（在句中不充当任何成分）。如： He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。 Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？ 4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如： Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？ She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。 2．连接词 1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如： He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。 2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如： I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 但在下列情况下只能用whether： ①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether（if… or not也可以使用）。如：
初中英语语法宾语从句 注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾语时只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you? 特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态 a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）? b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如： I didn't know （if/whether he had seen the film.）
宾语从句引导词 如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。 一) 以that 引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导陈述句形式的宾语从句，that可以省略。 I know (that) he is a Canadian athlete. Do you think (that) the children need to write a song? Maria says (that) she doesn’t like the uniforms. She told me (that) she would like to go with us. 二) 以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句。 whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。如： I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you. Ask him whether / if he can come. 但在有些情况下，只能用whether，不能用if： 1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用，而if一般不能。如： 正：Let me know whether you can come or not. 误：Let me know if you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导，而不能用if。如： 正：Whether it is true or not, I can’t t ell. 误：If it is true or not, I can’t tell. 3. whether可以引导带to的不定式，if则不能。如： 正：I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. 误：I don’t know if to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语，但if不能。如： 正：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 误：I worry about if I hurt her feelings. 5. whether可以引导从句，作主语、表语或同位语，而if不能。如： 正：It was uncertain whether he would come. 误：It was uncertain if he would come. 6.若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。 Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为： a．Please let me know whether you like the book. b．If you like the book，please let me know. 三) 疑问词引导的宾语从句 疑问代词：what、whom、who、whose、which 疑问副词：when、where、why、how 例句：1、The book will show you what you must do .