人教版新目标初中英语语法讲解
一、名词
1、1名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词(Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：
1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。
2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。
3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。
4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns），物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。归纳一下，名词的分类可以下图表示：
||专有名词||
| 名|| 个体名词||
|||| 可数名词
||| 集体名词||
||普通名词|||
| 词|| 物质名词||
|||| 不可数名词|
||| 抽象名词||
1、2名词复数的规则变化
情况构成方法读音例词
一般情况加-s 1.清辅音后读/s/;map-maps
2.浊辅音和元音后bag-bags
读/z/;car-cars
以s,sh,ch,
x等结尾的词加-es读/iz/bus-buses
watch-watches
以ce,se,ze,
(d)ge等结尾的词加-s读/iz/license-licenses
以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es读/z/baby---babies
其它名词复数的规则变化
1) 以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数：
如：two Marys the Henrys
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays
比较：层楼：storey ---storeys story---stories
2) 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时：
a. 加s，如：photo---photos piano---pianos
radio---radios zoo---zoos；
b. 加es，如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes
c. 均可，如：zero---zeros / zeroes
3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：
a. 加s，如：belief---beliefs roof---roofs
safe---safes gulf---gulfs；
b. 去f,fe 加ves，如：half---halves
knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves
wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves；
c. 均可,如：handkerchief:
handkerchiefs / handkerchieves
1.3 名词复数的不规则变化
1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth
mouse---mice man---men woman---women
注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。
2）单复同形如：
deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese
li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin
但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:
a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters
3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。
如：people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说
a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。
如：The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：
a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。
b. news 是不可数名词。
c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。
d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。
"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.
<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。
5) 表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜)trousers,clothes
若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair(对，双);suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers
6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼
1.4 不可数名词量的表示
）物质名词
a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时。
比较：Cake is a kind of food.蛋糕是一种食物。(不可数)
These cakes are sweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。(可数)
b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，名词可数。
This factory produces steel.(不可数)
We need various steels.(可数)
c. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。
Our country is famous for tea.
我国因茶叶而闻名。
Two teas, please.
请来两杯茶。
2）抽象名词有时也可数。
four freedoms 四大自由
the four modernizations四个现代化
物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量。
如：
a glass of water 一杯水
a piece of advice一条建议
1.5 定语名词的复数
名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。
1) 用复数作定语。
如：sports meeting 运动会
students reading-room 学生阅览室
talks table 谈判桌
the foreign languages department 外语系
2) man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。
如：men workers women teachers
gentlemen officials
3) 有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。
如：goods train (货车)
arms produce武器生产
customs papers 海关文件
clothes brush衣刷
4) 数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。
如：two-dozen eggs两打/（二十四个鸡蛋)
a ten-mile walk 十里路
two-hundred trees 两百棵树
a five-year plan.一个五年计划
个别的有用复数作定语的，如：a seven-years child 1.6 不同国家的人的单复数
名称总称(谓语用复数）一个人两个人
中国人the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese
瑞士人the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss
澳大利亚人the an two
Australians Australian Australians
俄国人the Russians a Russian two Russians
意大利人the Italians an Italian two Italians
比较等级，几多注意 在本单元的学习中，我们又进一步了解了比较等级的用法。可是在具体运用中，常有同学因粗心而犯下一些错误。那么，学习比较等级，有那些要注意的地方呢？ 一注意单词拼写 可不要以为拼写是一个小问题呀！形容词或副词变比较级的规则可要时刻牢记，该双写，该去e，该加more或该y变i，都是不能马虎的。例如： 他总是比我到校早。 He always comes to school earlyer than me. （误） （正）He always comes to school earlier than me. 二注意比较对象 在比较等级的句型中，比较的双方必须是同类事物，否则会引起歧义。即人与人，物与物的比较。例如： 他的尺子比我的长。 His ruler is longer than me.（误） （正）His ruler is longer than mine. 三注意符合逻辑 自身能进行比较吗？当然是不行的。可是有时我们因不小心而将自己和自己比较。为了避免这样的错误，可借助“any other+单数名词”来帮忙。例如： 中国比亚洲的其他任何一个国家都大。 China is larger than any country in Asia. （误） （正）China is larger than any other country in Asia. 四注意修饰词语
在比较等级中，so, very, quite, too等修饰原级；much, a lot, far, even 等常修饰比较级。在使用时，不要弄错了。例如： 姚明比我高多了。Yao Ming is very taller than I. （误） （正）Yao Ming is much taller than I. 五注意范围介词 在表达最高级时，常用到in或of两个表范围的介词。in表示“在…范围之中”，而of常用于“在…同类之中”。例如： 玛丽是我们班最漂亮的女孩。Mary is the prettiest girl of our class. （误） （正）Mary is the prettiest girl in our class. 六注意定冠词的使用 1. 形容词最高级前一般有定冠词，但如果前边也有物主代词，名词所有格 等词来修饰时，定冠词the常被省略。例如： 加里是我最好的朋友。Gary is my the best friend. （误） （正）Gary is my best friend. 2. 形容词比较级前一般不加定冠词，但句中有“of the two”结构表示“两者中较…的一个”时，定冠词the要加上。例如： 苏珊是这两个女孩子当中较胖的一个。 Susan is fatter of the two girls. （误） （正）Susan is the fatter of the two girls. 3. 在使用最高级“one of the +最高级+复数名词”结构时，定冠词the不能丢掉。例如：
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. ：who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如)： 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)
一、选择题 1．—Is the young woman playing the violin? —________． A．Yes，she is B．No，she doesn't C．Yes，she does D．No，he isn't 2．They like playing football, ________? A．do they B．don’t they C．aren’t they D．are they 3．—________ hours do you exercise every day? —Two. A．How long B．How often C．How much D．How many 4．—________ — It is orange. A．What is this? B．What color is it? C．What are these? D．What color are they? 5．—Is your name Kangkang? —________ A．Yes, I am. B．No, I’m not.C．Yes, it is. D．Yes, it’s. 6．—__________ your name, please? —Yes, B-E-N, Ben. A．How do you spell B．How can you speak C．Can you spell D．What is 7．—Where__________ your friend __________from? —He comes from England. A．is; come B．do; come C．does; come D．are; be 8．—He’s never stolen anyt hing before，______ he? —______. It’s his third time to be taken to the police station. A．hasn’t：Yes B．is；Yes C．has；Yes D．has；No 9．---Is Alice writing? ---__________. She is listening to music. A．Yes, she is B．Yes, she does C．No, she doesn’t D．No, she isn’t 10．— ______ can I keep the books, madam？ — For two weeks. A．How long B．How many C．How often D．How much 11．— Why ______ you like the cat？ —Because she’s kind of ______. A．do; boring B．don’t; interesting C．do; interested D．don’t; boring 12．—_____ the population of the U.S.A．in 2005? —It _____ about 296 million. A．What is; is B．What was; was C．How many is; was D．How many was; is 13．—Could I smoke here?
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 一.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下 (1) 符合规则的： 例题解析 1. He is ________ friends than I. A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too more 解析：后面有可数名词复数时，many的比较级形式为many more 修饰。应选B. 2. Which is the _________ country, Japan or Australia? A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing 解析：两者比较用比较级，表示"发达"用developed, 而developing 是"发展中的" 3． There were _______ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990. A. little B. few C. fewer D. less 解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级，所以应选C. 4. If you are not free today, come another day __________. A. too B. so C. instead D. yet 解析：instead 作副词用时意为"代替，顶替"，表示前面的事情没做，而是做了后面的事。Instead一般位于句首。应选C. 5．He can't tell us ________, I think. A. important anything B. anything important C. important something D. something important. 解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是something. 因此应选B 6. The Huang River is the second __________ river in our country. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest
初中英语语法大全 最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！太平洋英语，免费体验全部外教一对一课程：https://www.doczj.com/doc/8c11408328.html, 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级 and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at nigh t I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心；小心33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原）将来时 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于…… 41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处 Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处
初中英语语法讲解 在中考单项选择试题中，除了时态，名词的考查频率也较高。一般考查以下几点： 一、可数名词与不可数名词 在可数名词与不可数名词上一般出现这样几类，（1）分辨是哪一类名词，并根据结论做选择。（2）可数名词复数的不规则变化。（3）不可数名词的量化表达。所以，考生首先要能够明确哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。其次，还要知道可数名词的复数的变化规则。可数名词的变化规则一般是在单词后面加-s 或-es，如： 1desk---desks bed---beds piano---pianos hat---hats bag---bags photo---phot os 2bus---buses box---boxes watch---watches brush---brushes 3tomato---tomatoes potato---potatoes hero---heroes Negro---Negroes 4 leaf---leaves knife---knives 5baby---babies family---families 另外，还要记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如： Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen Russian---Russians American---Americans
German --- Germans child---children foot---feet man---men woman---women tooth---teeth goose --- geese deer---deer sheep---sheep 还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有：a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of 另外，大家应注意：单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的”变化：单数集合名词如class, police, family, school, group, team等。尽管形式上是单数，意义上都是复数，因此，一般要与复数谓语动词连用，例如： Class Five have a foreign friend. 五班有一位外国朋友。（这里的五班指五班的同学的。） His family are good to me. 他的家人对我很好。（很显然，这里的family指家庭成员。）当上述集合名词着重指“整体”时，意义上则是单数，因此，要与单数谓语动词连用。例如， Our school team often plays well in our city. 我们的校队经常在我们市踢得很好。（这里的team 指整个队，但意义上仍为单数，故谓语动词用plays. 初中英语语法讲解二、名词所有格 名词所有格有两种形式：一是加’s，一种是用of来表示。一般情况
一、选择题 1．- ______ do you go to visit your grandparents? - Once a week. A．How far B．How much C．How often D．How long 2．–________ would you like me to pay you? –Either Ali Pay or WeChat Pay. I don’t care. A．How B．What C．Why D．Who 3．—________ is it from your home to school? —It’s about ten minutes’ walk. A．How long B．How far C．How many 4．—________is the CISM Military（军事的）World Games held? — Every 4 years. A．How soon B．When C．How often D．How long 5．—I got into a fight with my best friends, what should I do? —________write him a letter? A．How about B．What about C．Why D．Why don't you 6．—Is your name Jim Green? —________. A．Yes, I am B．Yes, it is C．No, I am D．Yes, I’m 7．—Are these your friends? —________. They are his friends. A．Yes, these are. B．No, they aren't. C．No, these aren't. 8．— __________ books do you read every year? — About 30, I love reading. A．How much B．How old C．How many D．How often 9．—Is the young woman playing the violin? —________． A．Yes，she is B．No，she doesn't C．Yes，she does D．No，he isn't 10．—________ is it from the New Town to the old city centre? —About 30 minutes by underground. A．How soon B．How often C．How long D．How far 11．— ________do you go to school? — At seven. A．Where B．How C．Why D．When 12．—Raymond,you feed the birds today, ________?—But I fed it yesterday. A．do you B．will you C．didn’t you D．don’t you 13．—How is everything going at school ,dear ? —________. A．All right, thanks. B．Not too bad, I guess
初中英语语法大全(必备)
英语语法大全： 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do （例如:I like watching monkeys jump） 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同····一道，伴随······（例如: I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树） 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）（例如: ask you for my book ） 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时（例如：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾（例如: At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 （例如: I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v.原) = can (+ v.原）能够……（例如: She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么（例如:she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……（例如: I'm afraid to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么（例如: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视、I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气（例如: Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样（例如: She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to感到羞愧 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害（例如: Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于
初中英语语法大全：分外疑问句 用疑问词引导的疑问句叫做分外疑问句。回答分外疑问句时不能用yes或no。用降调。为了便于理解、掌握分外疑问句，我们把疑问词分为三类：疑问代词：what，who，Which，whose，whom 疑问副词：when，where，why，how 疑问形容词：what（which，whose）+名词 1疑问代词的用法 1.what引导的疑问句 此类疑问句可以对主语、表语和宾语提问。 a.对主语提问 What is in your pocket？ 你口袋里有什么？ 这个问题可以有两种回答： a：There is an egg in it. 在口袋里有一个蛋。 b：An egg is（in it）. 一个蛋（在里面）。What“s in the room？ 屋子里有什么？ There are a lot of chairs in it. =A 1ot of chairs are in it.有许多椅子。 注意
回答此句型的问题时，答句的单复数根据实际情况而定。 b.对宾语提问 What did you buy？你买了什么？ I bought a bike.我买了辆自行车。 c.对表语提问 What is this？这是什么？ It“s a bench.这是一条长凳。 What is your mother？你妈妈是干什么的？ 注意 What is +人？此句型是问人的职业，大凡译为“是干什么的？”She is a teacher.她是个老师。2.Who，whom，whose引导的疑问句 此类疑问句可以对主语、表语和宾语提问。 Who broke the window？（对主语提问） 谁打破了窗户？ who可以对主语和表语提问。whom是who的宾格，对宾语提问，但在口语中who可以代替whom。 Li Ming did.李明打破的。 Who is that woman？（对表语提问） 那个女人是谁？ She is my mother.她是我妈妈。（关系） 或者：She is Rose.她是罗思。（姓名）
比较级和最高级 一．写出下列词的比较级和最高级。 Tall ________ _________ short________ _________ light________ _______ Weak _______ _________ strong _______ ________ long_______ ________ Small _______ _________ high ________ _________ large _______ ________ Heavy _______ _________ fast ________ ________ slow _______ ________ Big _________ _________ fat ________ __________ thin ________ ________ Wet ________ __________ red ________ _________ hot _________ _________ Much ________ ________ many ________ _________ bad ________ _________ Good ________ ________ ill ________ _________ little ________ _________ Few ________ ________ well _________ ________ old _________ _________ Cold ________ _________ new _______ _________ wide _______ __________ Angry ________ ________ busy _______ _________ dirty ________ __________ Easy ________ _________ early ________ ________ cloudy _______ _________ Happy _______ _________ beautiful _____________ _____________ Important ______________ ______________ expensive______________ ____________ Interesting _____________ ________________ useful ______________ _____________ Popular ______________ _______________ exciting ______________ _____________ Careful _____________ _______________ wonderful _____________ ____________ Difficult ____________ _______________ quickly _____________ _____________ Slowly _____________ _______________ loudly ____________ _____________ 二．用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Tom is _____________( strong ) than Mary. 2.You are ____________(weak ) than me 3.Lynn is ____________ (loud ) than any of us 4.This box is ____________(heavy) than that one 5.Exercise One is ____________( easy ) than Exercise Two 6.The sun is ______________(big) than the moon 7.The ruler is ____________( long ) than that one 8.My ball is ____________(small) than yours 9.Ted was ______________(slow) than Haley 10.Pat was ______________( light) than Koko. 11.I’m _______________(fat) than my daughter . 12.Today is ______________( hot) than yesterday,It’s __________________(hot) day of this year. 13.The Changjiang River is _______________(long) river in China. 14.Chongqing is __________________(large) city in China. 15.The moon is __________________(small) of the three. 16.My flat is ______________(good ) than yours . 17.The moon is _____________(light) than the Earth
初中英语语法大全 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词 动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面名词或代词与其他句子成分关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主、谓、宾、定、状、表、宾补。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I‘m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。 间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) ☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你
一、选择题 1．—________, Millie? —It’s February 1st. A．What’s the date today B．What day is it today C．What time is it D．What’s that 2．—________ do you play computer games, Lily? —I only play on Friday night. A．How B．Where C．Why D．When 3．—_________? —She is a shop assistant in the biggest mall. A．How old is your sister B．What’s the matter with your sister C．Where does your sister work D．What does your sister do? 4．— Excuse me! _______ is it from your home to school? —About ten minutes’ ride. A．How long B．How much C．How often D．How far 5．–________ would you like me to pay you? –Either Ali Pay or WeChat Pay. I don’t care. A．How B．What C．Why D．Who 6．—________ is it from your home to school? —It’s about ten minutes’ walk. A．How long B．How far C．How many 7．— do you think about the story of Nu Wa Repairs the sky? — I think it is interesting. A．Why B．How C．What 8．—I got into a fight with my best friends, what should I do? —________write him a letter? A．How about B．What about C．Why D．Why don't you 9．—Are these your schoolbags? —No, __________aren't. They are__________. A．These; their B．they; theirs C．these; ours D．they; ours 10．— ______ can I keep the books, madam？ — For two weeks. A．How long B．How many C．How often D．How much 11．— do you go to work every day? —By bike. A．What B．Who C．How D．When
初中英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级形容词比较级 (一)大凡句式的构成：A + is / are+形容词比较级+ than + B A是主格B是宾格如：She is taller than me. 主格形容词比较级宾格 （二）英语形容词比较级的构成 英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。 形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。 规则变化 1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 【例】原级比较级最高级 great greater greatest small smaller smallest clean cleaner cleanest 2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级） 【例】fine finer finest wide wider widest 3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 【例】big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest red redder reddest 4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est （最高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。【例】clevercleverercleverest narrow narrower narrowest able abler ablest easy easier easiest 5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。
【例】careful more careful most careful difficult more difficult most difficultdelicious more delicious most delicious 不规则变化 原级比较级最高级 good/well better best bad worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest 注：有些形容词大凡没有比较等级。如：right, wrong, woolen等。 形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较。 【例】Li Ping is older than Wang Hai.李平比王海年纪大。 There are more students in Class One than in Class Two.一班比二班学生多。 二、形容词各等级的用法： 1、原级（同级）比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as… We’ll give you as much help as we can.She isn’tas(so)active in sports as before. 2.比较级：表示两者之间比……更……可用状语much,alittle,even等修饰：Hemadefewermistakesthan I did. He is even richer than I. 3、高级：形容词最高级前必须加the,副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of……，in……短语表示范围：It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened. He is the tallest of the three. 4、如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever.