决胜英语六级阅读试题含答案4
4
Running a fever was once thought to be the prerogative of warmblooded creatures, whose internal temperatures are indpendent of the weather. But, as Matthew Kluger reported in “The Importance of Being Feverish” (January 1976), lizards can also develop fevers, even though there is no question that they are coldblooded. They raise their temperatures by moving into the sun or, in the case of Kluger’s experiments, under a sun lamp. And it seems to do them some good. Sick lizards kept in cages at feverish temperatures fare much better than their counterparts in normal and cool environments.
Now, fever has spread to invertebrates(无脊椎动物). Recent studies have shown that crayfish and scorpions can develop fevers. Crayfish injected with bacteria and scorpions injected with prostaglandins(前列腺素) swam and scuttled to hot areas. (Prostaglandins are hormones thought to be instrumental in the development of a fever.)
Evidence is also mounting that moderate fevers have their benefits, which might explain why the fever process is so widespread. Leukocytes, white blood cells that are active in fighting bacterial infections, are more mobile at febrile temperatures. And fevers reduce the amount of iron available to bacteria. That reduction, combined with high temperatures, has been shown to inhibit bacterial growth.
1. Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?
A. Coldblooded animals can develop fevers.
B. There are benefits to developing fevers.
C. Fevers inhibit bacterial growth.
D. Lizards can develop fevers.
2. Fevers cause ____.
A. prostaglandins to be formed
B. iron to be made available to bacteria
C. leukocytes to be more mobile
D. lizards to be coldblooded animals
3. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Developing fever is the privilege of warm blooded animals, so sick lizards can not run a fever.
B. Invertebrates also have the ability to raise their temperature.
C. The internal temperatures of warm blooded creatures are independent of the weather, so are the coldblooded animal.
D. Sick lizards move into the sun to develop fever.
4. The passage implies that ____.
A. the fever process is widespread because moderate fevers have benefits
B. the reduction of fevers can inhibit bacterial growth
C. man can use sun lamp to raise lizards’ temperature
D. Crayfish injected with bacteria have a purpose for moving to hot areas
5. Scorpions injected with prostaglandins move to hot areas to ____.
A. engage in greater activity
B. seek out a more iron environment
C. demonstrate that they are ill
D. develop a fever and fight bacterial infections
2
In the Caucasus region of the Soviet Union, nearly 50 out of every 100,000 people live to celebrate their 100th birthday, and many don’t stop at 100. By comparison, in America only 3 people in 100,000 reach 100. But these Soviet old people aren’t alone. The Pakistani Hunzas, who live high in the Himalaya Mountains, and the Vilcabambans of the Andes Mountains in Ecuador seem to share the secret of long life too.
These peoples remain healthy in body and spirit despite the passage of time. While many older persons in industrial societies become weak and ill in their 60s and 70s, some Soviet Georgians, aged 110 to 140, work in the fields beside their great great grandchildren. Even the idea of aging is foreign to them. When asked, “At what age does youth end?” most of these old people had no answer. Several replied, “Well, perhaps at age 80.” The very youngest estimate was age 60.
What accounts for this ability to survive to such old age, and to survive so well? First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long lived peoples. They begin their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop. For example, Mr. Rustam Mamedov is 142 years of age. He remembers his life experiences: the Crimean War of 1854; the Turkish War of 1878; the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917. His wife is 116 years old. They have been married for 90 years. Mr. Mamedov has no intentions of retiring from his life as a farmer. “Why? What else would I do?” he asks. Oh, he’s slowed down a bit. Now he might quit for the day after 6 hours in the field instead of 10.
All these people get healthful rewards from the environment in which they work. They all come from mountainous regions. They live and work at elevations of 5,000 to 12,000 feet (1,660 to 4,000 meters) above sea level. The air has less oxygen and is pollution free. This reduced oxygen environment makes the heart and blood vessel system stronger.
Another factor that may contribute to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent, they are separated from the pressures and worries of industrial society.
Inherited factors also play some role. Most of the longest lived peoples had parents and grand parents who also reached very old ages. Good family genes may, therefore, be one factor in living longer.
Finally, although these three groups don’t eat exactly the same foods, their diets are similar. The Hunzas, Vilcabambans, and Soviets eat little animal meat. Their diets are full of fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains, cheese, and milk. They
never eat more food than their bodies need.
It is clear that isolation from urban pressures and pollution, clean mountain air, daily hard work, moderate diets, good genes, and a youthful approach to life all contribute to the health and remarkable long life of all these people.
6. What is the main subject of this passage?
A. Mr. Mamedov’s life.
B. A description of several societies where people live a long time.
C. Suggestions for how you can live a long life.
D. Hard physical work is a good way to live a long time.
7. The description of Mr. Rustam Mamedov is ____.
A. an example of a typical long life among these people
B. an example of an unusual long life among these people
C. an explanation of why he is still healthy
D. an explanation of what way of life we should take
8. The subject of paragraph 7 is ____.
A. isolation
B. inherited factors
C. food and diet
D. animal meat
9. This article concludes that ____ contribute to the remarkable long life of these peoples.
A. moderate diets
B. clean mountain air
C. daily hard work
D. all the above factors
10. How do you think the author feels about these long lived people?
A. He is impressed with them.
B. He doesn’t care.
C. He doesn’t like them.
D. He cares little about them.
3
A university student in Nairobi, Kenya, was stopped for a traffic violation the other day. The policeman took out his ticket book and asked, “What tribe are you?”In Lusaka, Zambia, a young man applying for a job was told to see the manager. He leaned over the receptionist’s desk and asked, “What tribe is he?” When the receptionist told him that the manager was a Mashona, the applicant replied, “Then I’ll never get the job.”
This phenomenon is called tribalism. There are more than 2,000 tribes in black Africa. Each has its own language, customs, names, and physical characteristics that make its members almost immediately recognizable to a person from another tribe. To the Westerner, tribalism is one of the most difficult of African customs to understand. It makes many people think of savagery, warfare, or old fashioned customs.
However, to most Africans, tribalism simply means very strong loyalty to one’s ethnic group. It is a force that can be both good and bad. By definition tribalism means sharing among members of the extended family. It makes sure that a person is taken care of by his own group. To give a job to a fellow tribesman is not wrong; it is an obligation. Similarly, for a politician or military leader, it is considered good common sense to choose his closest advisers from people of his own tribe. This ensures security, continuity, authority. Tribal loyalty may mean a quick promotion—from sergeant to captain, from clerk to manager—within a very short time.
Modern African politicians publicly speak out against tribal divisions. Yet it
remains perhaps the most powerful force in day to day African life. As evidence of tribalism, in 1977 in Kenya, President Jomo Kenyatta’s Kikuyu tribe controlled business and politics. Eight of the 21 cabinet posts, including the most important four, were filled by Kikuyus. In Uganda in the same year, the President’s small Kakwa tribe filled almost all the highest government and military positions. In Angola, Ethiopia, and Nigeria, the fighting in the past ten years can be partly explained by disagreements among tribes.
One country that has largely avoided tribal problems is Tanzania. Some observers say this is partly because Tanzania has so many tribes (about 120) that none has been able to become a major force.
11. Why did the applicant reply “Then I’ll never get the job?”
A. Because he was a Mashona.
B. Because he was not a Mashona.
C. Because he could do the job.
D. Because he had no such ability.
12. The two situations in paragraph 1 are examples of ____.
A. typical young men in Africa
B. unusual problems
C. the importance of tribalism
D. the application of job
13. According to the article, what is the definition of tribalism?
A. Giving a job to a fellow tribesman.
B. A force that can be both good and bad.
C. Sharing among members of the extended family.
D. Making sure that a person is taken care of by his own group.
14. In paragraph 4, how many examples are there “as evidence of tribalism”?
A. Three.
B. Two.
C. One.
D. Four.
15. In the last paragraph (about 120) is in parentheses to show ____.
A. that it is unimportant
B. how many tribes there are
C. that it is a large number
D. how many people there are
4
When people communicate face to face, they convey information in several ways apart from by the words they use. Thus, how often they make eye contact and how long they sustain that contact can indicate their degree of intimacy, interest in or understanding of what they are communicating verbally. Their posture—the way they sit or stand—can reveal attention, interest, disagreement or boredom. The distance they sit or stand from one another and the angle at which they do also can suggest friendship, hostility or respect. These and other forms of nonverbal communication are so pervasive that we usually scarcely notice them. Their importance quickly becomes apparent, however, when for some reason they are lacking or unclear.
One occasion when most people notice the importance of nonverbal communication is when they are talking on the telephone. There is an unwritten rule of telephone conversations that the listener must supply frequent and regular confirmation that he or she is listening. This is done by saying Aha, Mmhm, Yes, I see, and so on. Failure to do this often enough may result in the speaker interrupting him or herself to ask if the other person is “still there”. In face to face conversation, this is unnecessary, as attention and understanding are conveyed silently, chiefly by eye contact and posture.
Another situation where the importance of nonverbal communication becomes clear is during cross cultural communication. It is an instructive experience to travel in a foreign country whose culture is very different from one’s own. Does one shake hands, bow, touch, point, wink, and so on, or are some or all of these behaviors considered rude? How long can eye contact be maintained without indicating something more than polite interest? How close does one stand before being disrespectful or too intimate, how far away before being thought cold or hostile? Features like these can sometimes be more important in a second language than grammatical accuracy or a good accent.
16. You can use several ways to communicate with others except ____ .
https://www.doczj.com/doc/a23170917.html,ing language
B.making eye contact
C.by the posture
https://www.doczj.com/doc/a23170917.html,ing ear contact
17. The forms of nonverbal communication are ____ .
A.very prevalent
B.apparent
C.unclear
D.noticeable
18. On what occasion people will notice the importance of nonverbal communication, according to the passage?
A. When you have an interview with the manager.
B. When you are in a foreign country which language you can’t understand.
C. When you are having a face to face communication.
D. When you stand with somebody.
19. According to the passage the following statements can convey a certain kind of information except ____ .
A.the time of eye contact
B.the distance between the two persons
C.the way of sitting or standing
D.the way of talking
20. What is the title of the passage?
A.How to Use Nonverbal Communication.
B.The Ways of Communication.
C.Nonverbal Communication.
D.The Effect of Nonverbal Communication.
答案部分
1
短文大意
升高体温曾被认为是热血动物的特权，但是冷血动物也同样具有这种能力，现在升高体温的能力扩展到了无脊椎动物。适度的升温有利，因此升温过程应用广泛，得病的动物都有向炎热地区移动的倾向。
1. 答案A。
【参考译文】下列表述哪一项最能说明本文的主要内容?
【试题分析】本题测试的是文章的中心内容。
【详细解答】这篇文章的主要内容。文章第一段就给予了说明：Running a fever was once thought to be the prerogative of warm blooded creatures,... (升高体温曾被认为是热血动物的特权)。但是 ... lizards can also develop fevers, even though there is no question that they are coldblooded.(蜥蜴也能升高体温，尽管他们毫无疑问属于冷
血动物)。随后作者进一步说明，同时扩展到了无脊椎动物。B项升高体温有益，C项高温阻碍细菌生产，D项蜥蜴能升高体温这三项虽在文章中均被提及，但只是作为支持上述观点的例子，因此最佳答案应为A项“冷血动物能够升高体温”。
2. 答案C。
【参考译文】高温引起白血球更加活跃。
【试题分析】本题是道细节题。
【详细解答】本题答案选择C项是根据文章最后一段中Leukocytes, white blood cells that are active in fighting bacterial infections are more mobile at febrile temperature.(积极参与抵抗细菌入侵的白血球在高温下更加活跃。)而作出的，A项和B项的叙述与文章不相符，而D项虽是正确的表述，但与本题毫不相关，因此要舍弃。
3. 答案B。
【参考译文】下列陈述中正确的是哪一项?
【试题分析】本题测试的是文章的细节部分。
【详细解答】文章第一段开始两句话告诉我们升高体温曾被认为是热血动物的特权，但是冷血动物也同样具有这种能力，蜥蜴就是一个例子，因此A项不正确。文章第二段Now, fever has spread to invertebrates.(现在，升高体温的能力扩展到了无脊椎动物)。由此可见B 项“无脊椎动物也具有升高体温的能力”是正确答案，C项中所说热血动物的体内温度是独立于天气之外的，这是正确的说法，但冷血动物是否也如此，文章并未提及，故放弃。生病的蜥蜴是呆在笼子里以求体温升高，所以D项也不正确。
4. 答案D。
【参考译文】文章暗示到注入细菌的小龙虾有向炎热地区游动的倾向。
【试题分析】本题是道分析推理题。
【详细解答】本题所提供的四个选项均与文章内容相符，但在题目中有一关键词imply(暗示)，这就要求所选答案不仅正确，而且在文章中并未直接表述，通过推理又不难得出。文章第二段中介绍：Crayfish injected with bacteria ... swam and scuttled to hot areas.(注入细菌的小龙虾急忙游向炎热的区域)。由此不难推出D项中所说注入细菌的小龙虾具有向炎热区域移动的意图的结论是正确的，因此本题最佳答案应为D项。
5. 答案D。
【参考译文】被注入前列腺素的蝎子向炎热地区运动以便升高体温，预防细菌侵入。
【试题分析】本题是道细节分析题。
【详细解答】文章第三段开头就说明了：... moderate fevers have their benefits, which might explain why the fever process is so widespread.(适度的升温有利，这也许解释了为什么升温过程应用如此广泛)。这解释了为什么被注入前列腺素蝎子向炎热地区运动。A和C两项在文章中无法找到依据，而B项与文章内容相抵触，因此D项为正确答案。
2
短文大意
在原苏联高加索地区长寿之人非常多，其长寿的因素概括起来是适度的节食、清新的山区空气和每日艰辛的劳动。
6. 答案B。
【参考译文】本文主要话题是什么?
【试题分析】本题是道关于文章主题的题目。
【详细解答】通读全文我们不难看出本文主要介绍的是长寿之人及其长寿的因素。A项只是为说明观点而举出的一个事例，明显不合题意，而且也并未就如何长寿提出任何建议，因此C项也不合适。D项所说也只是长寿原因之一，也不全面，因此只有B项“对长寿之人的社会的描述”是本题的最佳答案。
7. 答案A。
【参考译文】对Rustam Mamedov的描述是长寿之人中一个典型的例子。
【试题分析】本题测试的是对事例的推断理解能力。
【详细解答】文章第三段开始介绍导致健康长寿的因素，文章提及Rustam Mamedov是在说明第一个因素的时候：First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long lived peoples.(首先，对所有长寿之人来说艰辛的体力劳动是他们的一种生活方式)。而Rustam Mamedov就是如此，而且他只是这些长寿之人中的一员，因此本题的最佳选项应该是A项而非其它。
8. 答案C。
【参考译文】第七段的话题是食物和节食。
【试题分析】本题测试的是对文章段落进行总结概括的能力。
【详细解答】文章在第七段一开头就说：... although these three groups don’t eat exactly the same foods, their diets are similar.(尽管这三群人所吃食物不尽相同，但他们节食却是相似的。)且最后又说：They never eat more food than their bodies need.(他们所吃食物从不超过身体所需要的定量)。由此可见本段谈论的主要是食物和节食。因此C项应该是本题的正确答案，而其它三项均不合适。
9. 答案D。
【参考译文】文章总结了这些人长寿的原因是适度的节食、清新的空气和每日艰辛的劳动。
【试题分析】本题测试的是文章的细节部分。
【详细解答】长寿的因素文章在其最后一段做出了概括性的总结：It is clear that isolation from urban pressures and pollution, clean mountain air, daily hard work, moderate diets, good genes, and a youthful approach to life all contribute to the health and remarkable long life of all these people.根据这句话可以知道A项适度节食，B项清新的山区空气和C项每日艰辛劳动均是长寿因素，因此本题最佳答案只能是D项。
10. 答案A。
【参考译文】作者对这些长寿人的感受是什么?
【试题分析】本题是一道逻辑分析推理题。
【详细解答】作者的感受并未直接表述出来，但是如果B项他对此不关心，或C项他不喜欢他们，或D项他很少关心他们的说法是正确的话，作者就不可能花时间研究他们，并将此写成文章予以报道。因此通过推论，本题的最佳答案只应该是A项“他对他们印象深刻”而非其它。
3
短文大意
在非洲，部落制很重要，它可以直接影响到你的就业等问题。所谓的部落制就是在广大家庭成员中分享。现代非洲的政治家公开宣称反对部落制，但是在非洲的日常生活中，部落制仍然具有最强大的力量。只有坦桑尼亚避免了这个问题，因为它有约120个部落，没有一个部落能成为主流。
11. 答案B。
【参考译文】为什么申请者回答“我永远不会得到那个工作”?
【试题分析】本题是道理解分析题。
【详细解答】本文主要讲述在非洲，部落制很重要，那么第一段所举事例理所当然也是为此主题服务。申请者是在询问经理是何部落，得到经理是Mashona部落的回答后才说“那我将永远不会得到这个工作了。”由此可以推断出申请者这样说是因自己和经理并非来自同一部落，因此B项应为本题的正确答案。C项和D项在文章中都无法找到依据，故应排除。
12. 答案C。
【参考译文】在第一段的两种情形是部落制重要的事例。
【试题分析】本题是道分析推理题。
【详细解答】第一段举出两个事例的用意文章在第二段中第一句话做出了总结性的说明：This phenomenon is called tribalism.(这种现象就叫部落制。)且通读全文后可知文章的主题是在非洲部落制很重要，因此本题的最佳答案应该是C项而非其它。
13. 答案C。
【参考译文】根据短文，部落制的定义是什么?
【试题分析】本题测试的是对文章细节部分的掌握。
【详细解答】部落制的定义，文章在第三段中给予了明确说明：By definition tribalism means sharing among members of the extended family.根据这句话，本题的答案显而易见应该是C项“在广义家庭成员中分享”。
14. 答案A。
【参考译文】在第四段中，作为部落制的证据有几例?
【试题分析】本题是道总结题。
【详细解答】文章第四段有这么一句话：As evidence of tribalism, in 1977 in Kenya, ... In Uganda in the same year, ... In Angola, Ethiopia, and Nigeria, ... 因此文中举了三例分别为：1977年肯尼亚发生的一事；1977年乌干达发生的一事和安哥拉、埃塞俄比亚和尼日尔发生的一事，所以A项为本题的正确答案。
15. 答案B。
【参考译文】在最后一段中，“大约120”在括号内是为了显示有多少部落。
【试题分析】本题测试的是根据上下文进行推断的能力。
【详细解答】文章是在最后一句话中提到“(大约120)”的。... because Tanzania has so many tribes (about 120) that none has been able to become a major force.(……因为坦桑尼亚有如此多的部落(大约120个)所以没有一个部落能成为主流)。文章是在说部落多时提及“大约120”的，因此本题的正确解释应该是B项。
4
短文大意
当人们进行面对面的交流的时候，除了运用他们所使用的语言外，还可以用几种方式进行交流。他们使用眼神进行交流的次数，以及这种交流所维持的时间长短都说明了他们之间的亲密程度和对所谈话题的兴趣及理解程度。他们的姿势，他们坐着或者站着之间的距离也是一种暗示。这种非语言的交流是如此普遍，只有在缺少它，或者不清楚的时候才会感到它的重要性。
16. 答案D。
【参考译文】除了使用耳朵联系以外，你能够用几种方式去交流。
【试题分析】本题测试的是对文章细节部分进行辨析的能力。
【详细解答】一开始文章就说到面对面的交流有几种方式，具体提到了语言交流、眼神的交流、姿势的暗示等等，通篇文章没有提到用耳朵进行交流的问题，因此这种方式显然是不正确的，符合题目的要求，是本题的正确答案。
17. 答案A。
【参考译文】非语言交流的形式是非常普遍的。
【试题分析】本题是道细节题。
【详细解答】文章在第一段清楚地讲到：These and other forms of nonverbal communication are so pervasive that we usually scarcely notice them.而且还说到：Their importance quickly becomes apparent, however, when for some reason they are lacking or unclear.从这两句话可以看到非语言交流的形式非常普遍，但是人们很少注意到它，它的重要性因此就不是很明显。由此可见，本题的正确答案是A。
18. 答案B。
【参考译文】根据短文，在什么情况下人们将注意到非语言交流的重要性?
【试题分析】本题测试的是分析辨别能力。
【详细解答】文章最后一段介绍到只有在缺少和不清楚的情况下，语言的重要性才会明显（Their importance quickly becomes apparent, however, when for some reason they are lacking or unclear.）。下面具体列举的两种情况是在电话里讲话和在文化交叉的交流中，而B项“当身处一个不懂其语言的国家的时候”正是属于第二种情况，因此本题的最佳选项应该是B项。其他三项虽然并不能完全排除有非语言交流的可能性，但是也不能完全肯定，因此需要排除。
19. 答案D。
【参考译文】根据短文，下列叙述中说话方式不能传达一定的信息。
【试题分析】本题是道细节辨别题。
【详细解答】文章第一段谈到人们的姿势，包括站立和坐的姿势可以表达一定的信息，最后一段中提到眼神交流的时间长度，两人站立的距离都能够表明一定的关系，惟独没有提到的就是谈话的方式，因此符合题目要求的只有选项D了。
20. 答案C。
【参考译文】文章的标题是什么?
【试题分析】本题测试的是对文章中心内容的概括总结能力。
【详细解答】文章谈论了非语言交流的种种情况，参考本文的短文大意，我们不难选择出短文的正确标题应该是C项“非语言交流”。其他三项都是本文中提到的细节，不能代表全文的内容，所以都不是本题的正确选项。
2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第1套选词填空 After becoming president of Purdue University in2013, Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher education’s most important goals: critical thinking skills. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third had made no 26 gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr. Daniels needed to__27__ the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all, the percentage of Americans who say a college degree is "very important" has fallen 28 in the last 5-6 years. Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students' critical thinking skills. Yet like many college " such as a graduate's ability to investigate and reason. However, the professors need not worry so much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use __31__ metrics to measure how well students do in three key areas: critical thinking, written communication, and quantitative literacy. Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are worrisome, and mostly __32__ earlier studies. The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitative literacy. And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation. American universities, despite their global 33__ for excellence in teaching, have only begun to demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are still important, but employers are still important, but employers are __34__ advanced thinking skills from college graduates. If the intellectual worth of a college degree can be __35__ measured, more people will seek higher education—and come out better thinkers. A. accurately B. confirm C. demanding D. doubtful E. drastically F. justify G. monopolized H. outcome I. predominance J. presuming K. reputation L. significant M. signify N. simultaneously O. standardized 答案：(26)L. significant (27)F. justify (28)E. drastically (29)D. doubtful (30)H. outcome (31)O. standardized (32)B. confirm (33)K. reputation (34)C. demanding (35)A. accurately 2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第1套仔细阅读2篇 Open data sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science, most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online. Some communities have agreed to share online—geneticists, for example, post DNA sequence sat the GenBank repository (库) , and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some500 million objects—but these remain the excepti on, not the rule. Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not
大学英语六级阅读理解专题训练 2016年下半年英语四六级迫在眉睫，同学们准备得如何了?下面是网提供给大家关于大学阅读理解专题训练，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。 What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it. The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles. Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6 . But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain. The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It’s no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚). It’s w hat we eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define America as a community today. A. answer I. creative B. result J. belief C. share K. suspicious D. guilty L. certainty E. constant M. obsessed F. defined N. identify
2018年12月英语六级阅读练习题及答案（五） Everyone has a moment in history, which belongs particularly to him. It is the moment when his emotions achieve their most powerful sway over him, and afterward when you say to this person ―the world today‖ or ―life‖ or ―reality‖ he will assume that you mean this moment, even if it is fifty years past. The world, through his unleashed(释放的)emotions, imprinted itself upon him, and he carries the stamp of that passing moment forever. For me, this momentfour years in a moment in historywas the war. The war was and is reality for me. I still instinctively live and think in its atmosphere. These are some of its characteristics: Franklin Delano Roosevelt is the president of the United States, and he always has been. The other two eternal world leaders are Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin. America is not, never has been, and never will be what the song and poems call it, a land of plenty. Nylon, meat, gasoline, and steel are rare. There are too many jobs and not enough workers. Money is very easy to earn but rather hard to spend, because there isnt very much to buy. Trains are always late and always crowded with ―service men‖. The war will always be fought very far from America, and it will never end. Nothing in America stands still for very long, including the people who are
距离大学英语六级考试还有不足一个月的时间，笔者给临战的考生朋友们一些建议。希望能通过本文帮大家梳理一个头绪，在最后的备战中尽量做到有的放矢，弹无虚发。 一、快速阅读。 大学六级中的第一道阅读题目是快速阅读，很多考生朋友都向笔者反映：快速阅读怎么做啊？拿到题目是先看文章还是先看题目啊？怎么我总是做不完题啊？有什么方法可以提高阅读速度啊？等等等等……这几个问题相信也是大家最关心的，那接下来，笔者将从六级快速阅读的命题特征，做题步骤，解题方法几个角度来谈谈如何攻克快速阅读。 1.六级快速阅读的命题特征。 六级快速阅读的文章篇幅约为1200单词，通常是略多一些的，整个题目的给定时间为15分钟。文章之后是十道题目，这十题可以会出现两种组合：一种为4道是非判断题(也就是大家所熟悉的Y/N/NG题)加上6道句子填空题(也可称补全句子)；另一种为7道选择题加上3道句子填空题。 至于考试最终会以哪种形式出题，在考纲中是没有明确说明的，从改革之后的几次实考情况来看，06年12月六级开始使用新题型，到09年6月的六级考试中，第一种题目组合形式考了两次，分别是06年12月和07年6月；第二种题目组合形式考了之后的四次。大家可以从以上的信息中来分配自己对于每种题型的复习时间。 2.六级快速阅读的做题步骤。 由于整个快速阅读部分总体时间为15分钟，如果不进行合理的规划，这样的时间是绝对不够用的。很多考生朋友会问到底应该以一种什么样的顺序来做题？我们先来了解一下在考试大纲中的说法： “要求考生运用略读和查读的技能从篇章中获取信息。略读考核学生通过快速阅读获取文章主旨大意或中心思想的能力，阅读速度约为每分钟120词。查读考核学生利用各种提示，如数字、大字单词、段首或句首词等，快速查找特定信息的能力。” 从考纲中我们发现，这里有三个重点信息：略读、查读、速度为120词/分钟。从这三点上我们基本上可以确实整体的步骤了，那就是选定信息+回到文章查找信息+对比解题。而且我们应该是看一题，做一题。这就是所谓的略读、查读。其实这正是我们平时所使用的从题干中找关键词，回文章定位的办法。快速阅读其实就是考定位。 而另外一个信息，阅读速度问题，表面上看到这个120词/分钟，很考生都望而却步，这绝对是一个无法企及的速度，但笔者提醒大家看它前面的文字，这样读的目的是为了获取文章主旨大意，而不是精细分析，于是结合大家以往所掌握的英语阅读知识应该知道，在英语中主旨的位置往往是相对固定的，想要把握1200个单词的文章的主旨根本不需要全文阅读，只需要看几个位置就可以了，如标题、首段、小标题。所以说这里的阅读速度应该更确切的讲是平均速度。
2019大学英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题及答案(三) Section B Genetically Modified Foods--Feed the World? [A] If you want to spark a heated debate at a dinner party, bring up the topic about genetically modified foods. For many people, the concept of genetically altered, high-tech crop production raises all kinds of environmental, health, safety and ethical questions. Particularly in countries with long agrarian traditions--and vocal green lobbies--the idea seems against nature. [B] In fact, genetically modified foods are already very much a part of our lives. A third of the corn and more than half the soybeans and cotton grown in the U. S. last year were the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the U. S. this year. The genetic is out of the bottle. [C] Yet there are clearly some very real issues that need to be resolved. Like any new product entering the food chain, genetically modified foods must be subjected to rigorous testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is tempered by the fact that we have a rich array of foods to choose from--and a supply that far exceeds our needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations; the issue is simpler and much more urgent： Do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?
英语快速阅读：英语六级考试中的如何提高阅读效率在继“出国考托福需要的三种快速阅读（按住ctrl键，鼠标点击可做具体了解）技巧”和“出国考雅思需要快速阅读”等英语快速阅读文章外，精英特速读记忆训练网再推出“英语六级考试中的如何提高阅读效率”以供大家作英语快速阅读技巧及训练的参考。 大学英语六级考试大纲（2006年修订版）明确指出：快速阅读部分采用1~2篇较长篇幅的文章或多篇短文，总长度约为1200词。要求考生运用略读（skimming）和查读（scanning）的技能从篇章中获取信息。略读考核考生通过快速阅读获取文章主旨大意或中心思想的能力，阅读速度约为每分钟120词；查读考核学生利用各种提示，如数字、大写单词、段首或句首词等，快速查找特定信息的能力。 其中“每分钟120词”的“高速度”通常会让大多数考生感到无从下手。其实不必如此，下面介绍三招来实现快速阅读真正的又快又好！ 第一招：明确试题特点，做到有的放矢 从近几年的真题来看，快速阅读理解部分采用的题型有是非判断题、句子填空题和选择题等。 1. 是非判断题 是非判断题要求我们根据原文信息判断题目中各个句子的描述是“对（Yes）”、“错（No）”还是“未提及（Not Given）”。判断的原则是确定题干与原文语句之间的关系，基本标准是：如果题干与原文意思一致，就是“对（Y）”； 如果题干与原文意思不一致，就是“错（N）”； 如果题干与原文既不一致也不矛盾，则说明原文对题干表述的事物不曾提及，或未作判断，即为“未提及（NG）”。 2. 句子填空题 句子填空题主要通过改变原文句子结构，或者变换其中的连接词，或缺省其中的某个句子成分，让考生补充所需内容。这类题目要先分析所缺的部分，是一个词、短语、还是从句等，是名词性、动词性还是形容词性等，填的时候要“对症下药”；最后分析原文相关语句，尽量用原文词语填空，但要做到简练，以保证所填内容的准确性。 3. 选择题 选择题是快速阅读的一个备选题型，四个选项就意味着关键词出现的高频率，也相对降低了解题难度。快速阅读的选择题一般很少有需要推理或综合判断的题目，只需根据题干的关键词定位到文中相关语句，答案即一目了然。 第二招：掌握阅读方法，以求成竹在胸 快速阅读题目考查的阅读方法是略读（skimming）和查读（scanning），强调的是考生在实践语言环境中查询有效信息的能力，其中略读（skimming）的重点在于快速了解文章的中心思想，查读（scanning）的重点在于有目标地找出文中某些特定的信息。
2014年大学英语六级阅读专项练习(1) I live in the land of Disney，Hollywood and year-round sun. You may think people in such a glamorous，fun-filled place are happier than others. If so，you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness. Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper，more abiding emotion. Going to an amusement park or ball game，watching a movie or television，are fun activities that help us relax，temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness，because their positive effects end when the fun ends. I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play，it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich，beautiful individuals have constant access to glamorous parties，fancy cars，expensive homes，everything that spells “happiness”。But in memoir after memoir，celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun：depression，alcoholism，drug addiction，broken marriages，troubled children and profound loneliness. Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he‘s honest，he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun，adventure and excitement. Marriage has such moments，but they are not its most distinguishing features. Similarly，couples that choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happiness. They can dine out ever they want and sleep as late as they want. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night‘s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations we can ever come to. It liberates time：now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It
Reading Comprehension for CET 6 Passage 1 In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia,one scene shows an American newspaper reporter eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train.One of the looters,Chief Auda abu Tayi of the Howeitat clan,suddenly notices the camera and snatches it.Am I in this?he asks,before smashing it open.To the dismayed reporter,Lawrence explains,He thinks these things will steal his virtue.He thinks you're a kind of thief. As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands,stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic.The ignorant natives may have had a point.When photography first became available,scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts.But in some ways,anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back.Up into the 1950s and 1960s,many ethnographers sought pure pictures of primitive cultures,routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress.They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties,often with little regard for veracity.Edward Curtis,the legendary photographer of North American Indians,for example,got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915--even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation. These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated,primitive,and unchanging.For instance,National Geographic magazine's photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures.As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic,the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challenge white,middle-class American conventions.While dark-skinned women can be shown without tops,for example,white women's breasts are taboo.Photos that could unsettle or disturb,such as areas of the world torn asunder by war or famine,are discarded in favor of those that reassure,to conform with the society's stated pledge to present only kindly visions of foreign societies.The result,Lutz and Collins say,is the depiction of an idealized and exotic world relatively free of pain or class conflict. Lutz actually likes National Geographic a lot.She read the magazine as a child,and its lush imagery influenced her eventual choice of anthropology as a career.She just thinks that as people look at the photographs of other cultures,they should be alert to the choice of composition and images. 1.The main idea of the passage is______________. [A]Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners’ perception of the indigenous cultures and the Western values. [B]There is a complicated relationship between the Western explorers and the primitive peoples. [C]Popular magazines such as National Geographic should show pictures of the exotic and idealized worlds to maintain high sales. [D]Anthropologists ask the natives to pose for their pictures,compromising the truthfulness of their pictures. 2.We can infer from the passage that early travelers to the native lands often_________. [A]took pictures with the natives [B]gave exaggerated accounts of the native lands
1.Why Integrity Matters What Is Integrity? The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation. What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals. Risky Business We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future. Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense. "But Everybody Does It" Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it." "I'm not hurting anyone", or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I’m just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making - and that leads to bad decisions. To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over yore shoulder. If you'd rather hide your actions, that's an indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself. Evaluating Risks To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an "F" in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category. Getting Away with it - Or Not Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Cheating Hurts Other, Too Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat I can't compete with those who do") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.