高一英语阅读理解专讲专练八
抓主干，理枝叶
长难句增加，是近年高考阅读理解试题不可忽视的现象之一。英语的长句可分为两类：含有数量较多的定语或状语的简单句和含有数量较多的各种从句的并列句或复合句。阅读长句的基本方法是抓主干，理枝叶。抓主干就是抓句子的主体部分，也就是主语和谓语，它们是传达信息的主要载体；理枝叶就是分析句子的附加部分，不论它们有多长，有多复杂，它们都是辅助成分，我们只要明确它们与主体的关系就可以了。如：
The moon is so far from the earth that even if huge trees were growing on the mountains, and elephants were walking about, we could not see them through the most powerful telescopes which have ever been invented.
这个长句的主干就是The moon is far from the earth，其他部分，如状语从句、定语从句等，都是为突出主题服务的。
Passage A
阅读理解
The Winter Olympics, which is also called the White Olympics, were first held as a separate competition in 1924 at Chamonix Mont Blanc, France. At this time, many colorful stamps are published to mark the great games. The first stamp marking the opening of the White Olympics was issued (发行) on January 25, 1932 in the United States to celebrate the third White Olympics.①From then on, issuing stamps during the White Olympics became a tradition.
To observe the fourth Winter Olympic Games,②a group of stamps were published in Germany in November, 1935. The five rings of the Olympics were printed on the front of the sportswear. It was the first time that the symbol (象征) appeared on stamps of the Winter Olympics.
In the 1950s, the stamps of this kind became more colorful. When the Winter Olympics came, the host countries as well as the non host countries published stamps to mark those games.
China also published four stamps in February, 1980, when the Chinese sportsmen began to march into the area of the White Olympics.
Japan is the only country in Asia that has ever held the White Olympics. Altogether 14,500 million stamps were sold to raise funds(经费) for this sports meet.
Different kinds of sports were printed on these small stamps. People can enjoy the beauty of the wonderful movements of some athletics.
根据文章内容，选择正确答案：
1. People have published stamps marking the Winter Olympics____ .
A. since the first White Olympics in 1932
B. when the first Olympics games started
C. since the third Winter Olympics in 1932
D. on the same day of the third Olympics
2. From the passage we can see that____ .
A. the Chinese sportsmen began to take part in the Winter Olympics in 1980
B. it was in 1980 that the Chinese began to publish stamps
C. the Chinese began to take part in the Olympics games in the 1980s
D. China held the Winter Olympics in 1980
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The third Winter Olympics opened on January 25, 1932.
B. Publishing stamps is a way of raising money for the sports meet.
C. In Asia only Japan held the Winter Olympics.
D. In the 1950s all the countries published stamps to mark the games.
难句注释
①The first stamp marking the opening of the White Olympics was issued on January 25, 1932 in the United States to celebrate the third White Olympics.
Total words:226
Reading time:____
Reading speed: ____
为了庆祝第3届冬季奥运会，纪念其开幕的第一枚邮票于1932年1月25日在美国发行。
②to observe the fourth Winter Olympic Games 为了庆祝第四届冬季奥运会。
observe意为“举行；庆祝”。
Passage B
阅读理解
Today, roller skating (旱冰) is easy and fun, and it is popular throughout the world. People roller skate outside on paths and roads, and inside in rinks. But a long time ago, it wasn t easy at all. Before 1750, the idea of skating didn
t exist. That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin. Merlin's work was making musical instruments. In his spare time he liked to play the violin. Joseph Merlin was a man full of ideas and dreams. People called him a dreamer.
One day Merlin received an invitation to attend a fancy dress ball (化装舞会). He was very pleased and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think how to make a grand entrance (隆重出场) at the party. He had an idea. He thought he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.
Merlin tried different ways to make himself fool.①Finally, he decided to put two wheels under each shoe. These were the first roller skates. Merlin was very proud of his invention and dreamed of arriving at the party on wheels while playing the violin.②
On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin. Everyone was surprised to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking into pieces.
③Nobody forgot Merlin s grand entrance for a long time!
根据文章内容，选择正确答案：
1. The text is mainly about____.
A. a strange man
B. an unusual party
C. how roller skating began
D. how people enjoyed themselves in the 18th century
2. People thought Merlin was a dreamer because he____ .
A. often gave others surprises
B. was a gifted (有天赋的) musician
C. invented the roller skates
D. was full of imagination
3. Merlin put wheels under his shoes in order to .
A. draw the guests attention
B. arrive at the party sooner
C. test his invention
D. show his skill in walking on wheels
4. What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?
A. The roller skates needed further improvement.
B. The party guests took Merlin for a fool.
C. Merlin succeeded beyond expectation(超出预料).
D. Merlin got himself into trouble.
难句注释
①Merlin tried different ways to make himself fool.
默林尝试不同的方法使自己看起来有点滑稽。
Total words:261
Reading time:____
Reading speed: ____
②Merlin was very proud of his invention and dreamed of arriving at the party on wheels while playing the violin.
默林为他的发明感到非常骄傲，并且梦想滑着轮子演奏小提琴出现在晚会现场。
be proud of 因…… 骄傲
dream of doing sth.梦想做某事
③Down fell the mirror, breaking into pieces.
镜子掉了下来，摔成了碎片。
Passage C
阅读理解
Dwight W. Morrow was an American ambassador (大使) to Mexico during the 1920s. He is remembered as a smart diplomat (外交家).①He is also remembered by his family and friends for his absent mindedness (心不在焉).
Once while on a train, a conductor came to Morrow, asking for his ticket. He began to search his pockets. No ticket appeared. Morrow began searching his suitcase. “Never mind, sir.” said the conductor, seeing how anxious Morrow was becoming and trying to comfort (安慰) him. “When you find your ticket just post it to the station. I'm sure you have it somewhere.”
“I'm sure, too.” said the diplomat as he went on with his search. “But I must find it. I need to know where I'm going!”
Another time Morrow got off a train in New York and hurried to a telegraph office, where, feeling not unlike a small boy who had got lost,②he sent the foll owing to his secretary: “I am in New Yor k but don t know why.” Within minutes came the short reply: “You are not supposed to be in New York. You should be in Princeton giving a lecture.”
根据文章内容，选择正确答案：
1. The passage mainly shows Morrow's ____.
A. cleverness as a diplomat
B. foolishness
C. sense of humor (幽默感)
D. absent mindedness
2. Morrow was very upset (不安) when he couldn t find the ticket because____.
A. he had forgotten where he was going
B. he would be punished if he couldn t show his ticket
C. the conductor looked impatient(不耐烦的)
D. the conductor might think he was lying
3. When Morrow got off the train in New York, ____.
A. he forgot the address
B. he forget his suitcase
C. he did not know that he was in a wrong city
D. his secretary wasn t there to meet him
难句注释
①He is remembered as a smart diplomat.
在别人的记忆中，他是个精明的外交家。
Total words:202
Reading time:____
Reading speed: ____
② ...feeling not unlike a small boy who
had got lost... 感觉不啻于一个迷路的小男孩……
Passage D
完形填空
“A robbery (抢劫案)...” a voice came from the radio. John was driving home late last night from a trip, and now he was having trouble staying 1 .①He turned 2 the radio and tried to fix his attention on the 3 , but his eyes kept on closing.
It was 4 that he noticed the hitchhiker (搭便车者) by the road.②5 even thinking about what he was doing, he stopped the car.
“To Midrille?” “Get in.” The hitchhiker got in and immediately John was 6 that he had picked him up. The young man 7 a strange face and long hair. When John asked him questions about himself, he changed the 8 .
John 9 the news. He began to sweat (出汗) and his thoughts 10 nervously (紧张地) to all the money he was 11 .
At the next small town he stopped his car and said, “I m sorry. I m so 12 that I can t drive you to Midrille. I think I ll find a 13 and spend the night.”
The young man slowly 14 into his pocket. “This is it!” thought John. At that 15 moment he considered shouting for help, but instead of a gun, the hitchhiker pulled out several 16 . “Oh, no. I don't want your money. Just get out. Okay?”
The young man looked 17 . He insisted on 18 John the money. John watched until his 19 had disappeared from sight, then stepped on the 20 and drove out of town.③
根据文章内容，选择正确答案：
1. A. asleepB. earlyC. strongD. awake
2. A. on B. offC. up D. over
3. A. outside B. news C. speed D. way
4. A. there B. earlier C. then D. moment
5. A. Without B. After C. By D. For
6. A. happy B. sad C. angry D. sorry
7. A. wore B. owned C. had D. made
8. A. place B. subject C. question D. face
9. A. remembered B. thought C. heard D. forgot
10. A. got B. arrived C. changed D. turned
11. A. paying B. having C. carrying D. borrowing
12. A. afraid B. hungry C. cold D. sleepy
13. A. restaurant B. shop C. hotel D. station
14. A. reached B. forced C. got D. put
15. A. important B. very C. long D. short
16. A. knives B. photos C. handkerchiefs D. bills
17. A. frightened B. puzzled C. worried D. curious
18. A. giving B. offering C. handing D. returning
19. A. driver B. friend C. passenger D. thief
20. A. door B. gas C. window D. motor
难句注释
①...and now he was having trouble staying awake. 现在他很难保持清醒。
②It was then that he noticed the hitchhiker by the road.
就在那时他注意到马路边有个搭便车者。
此句是It is/was...that...的强调句型。
③John watched until his passenger had disappeared from sight, then stepped on the gas and drove out of town.
约翰一直注视着他的乘客直到他消失在视线之外，然后踩足油门驶出了小镇。
Passage A
本文介绍了为庆祝冬季奥运会的召开，各国常发行一些纪念邮票。
1. C. 根据文章的第三句可知。
2. A. 中国在1980年第一次参加冬奥会。
3. D. 其他三项原文都有提到。
Passage B
本文介绍了滑旱冰这一体育运动的由来。
1. C. 本文的话题是旱冰运动的起源。
2. D. 一个充满梦想的人。
3. A. 目的是为了引人注目。
4. C. 根据“Nobody forgot Merlin s grand entrance for a long t ime!”可知Merlin取得了超出他预想的成功。
Passage C
本文介绍了一位精明的外交家心不在焉的两个轶事，从侧面反映其不拘小节。
1. D. 根据本文所举的几个例子可以看出本文主要讲Morrow的
absent mindedness。
2. A. 从“I need to know where I m going!”可得出正确答案。
3. C. 本文最后一句话表明了这一点。be supposed to...应该……
Passage D
本文记叙了John在旅行回家途中让一个人搭便车，却误认为他会抢劫而在半路让其下车的事。
1. D. stay awake 指“保持清醒的状态”，下文有暗示。
2. C. 开大音量以驱去睡意。注意收音机已开。
3. B. 收音机播放有关抢劫的新闻。
4. C. 强调时间“then”，意为“就在那时候”。
5. A. without thinking 意为“不假思索”。外国人有让人搭便车的习惯。
6. D. 他立刻觉得后悔了。
7. C. had此处意为“长着……”。
8. B. subject 意为“谈话的主题”。改变话题。
9. A. 记起了刚才的新闻。
10. D. 思想转向身上的钱。
11. C. carry意为“携带的”。
12. D. 根据第一小节中“he was having trouble staying awake”得出sleepy (瞌睡的)。
13. C. 根据后文的“spend the night”来推测应是找“旅馆”。
14. A. reach into his pocket意为“把手伸进口袋”。
15. B. very在此处用来加强语气，意为“正是；就是”。
16. D. bill意为“纸币”，英国人常用note。
17. B. looked puzzled意为“看上去迷惑不解”。他不明白为什么司机不要他的钱。
18. A. giving意为“给”；offering意为“主动提供”，往往是出于帮助而行善。
19. C. 此空格根据his应选passenger意为“他的乘客”。
20. B. step on the gas意为“踩油门”
1. When the Winter Olympics came, the host countries as well as the
non host countries published stamps to mark those games. 当冬季奥运会来临时，主办国以及非主办国都要发行邮票来纪念冬奥会。(Line 17, Passage A)
英语中可用as well as来表示“也；和”的概念。如：
The meeting is important for you as well as for me.
这个会议对我重要对你也重要。
Small towns as well as big cities are developing quickly.
小镇和城市一样都在迅速地发展。
A as well as
B 重点在A，因此该结构作主语时，谓语动词要随A的人称、数而变化。如：
His children as well as his wife were invited to the party.
不但他太太，连他的孩子们都被邀参加了那次聚会。
词组as well作“也”讲时，通常只出现在句尾。如：
He sent me a letter and some money as well.
他寄给我一封信，外加一些钱。
2. Down fell the mirror, breaking into pieces. 镜子掉了下来，跌成碎片。(Line 17, Passage B)
以out, in, up, down, off, away等副词开头，谓语是go, come, leave, fall等表示“移动”的动词时，常用倒装结构。
Away went the crowd one by one. 人们一个一个地离去。
In came a stranger in black. 进来了一位穿黑衣的陌生人。
Down went the small boat. 小船沉下去了。
但主语如果是人称代词，则用正常语序。如：
Out she went. 她走了。
英语阅读理解技巧 阅读理解始终是外语学习和考试重点。 一．阅读理解的测试要点如下： 1．理解主旨大意； 2．寻读具体信息； 3．理解细节； 4．根据上下文提供的语境，推测生词词义，进而加深对文段的理解； 5．简单的判断和理解； 6．理解文段的基本逻辑结构； 7．理解作者的意图和态度； 8．理解文段的文化信息； 9．理解图表信息； 10．理解指代关系。 从高考命题的实际情况看，命题者常用下述方法提问： 1．What is the purpose of the text? 2．What does the author mainly tell US about in the passage? 3．What can we infer from the passage? 4．What can be inferred from the passage? 5．It can be concluded from the text that ? 6．What can we learn from the text? 7．What is the general idea/main idea of the text? 8. The passage mainly focuses on ? 9. What is the main subject discussed in the text? 10. It can be inferred from the passage that? 11. It can be inferred from the that the author seems to? 12. What is the best title of the text/for the article? 13. The best title for this passage is? 14. What can we infer from the last/the first two paragraphs? 15. The meaning of the word/sentence in Paragraph X is related to? 16. In Paragraph X, "X X X" can be replaced by?
（英语）高三英语阅读理解技巧(很有用)及练习题 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 American college students are becoming more adventuresome as they study abroad, showing less interests in English-speaking destinations such as Great Britain and Australia and more in such countries as China, India, Argentina and Brazil. Britain remained the most popular study destination in 2005, according to annual figures from the Institute of International Education, followed by Italy, Spain and France. But the number of American students studying in Britain and Australia descended a little, even as the number of American students abroad rose by 8%. The growth came in non-English speaking European countries and in Asia. China is now the eighth most popular destination for American students, attracting nearly 6,400 in 2005, up 35% from the number of the year before. Argentina and India saw increases of more than 50%. Allan Goodman, president of the Institute of International Education, said that a range of factors contributed to the trend, from growing awareness of globalization after the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, to programs such as former President Bush's National Security Language Initiative, which trains soldiers, intelligence officers and diplomats in foreign languages. “What Americans are doing is waking up and discovering there's a world out there,” he said. Other figures showed the flow of students in the opposite direction, from foreign countries into American universities. The institute found that international enrollment (入学) in American higher education remained steady at about 565,000. The figures are of keen interest to universities, which depend on foreign students for teaching and research help, and to policy-makers, who consider it important, as future foreign leaders may be familiar with the United States. The year of 2005 saw big increases in students from South Korea, Mexico and Taiwan of China. India sends the most students and China is No.2. Other countries that show large percentage increases in the number of students sent to the US include Nepal and Vietnam, while Japan, Turkey and Malaysia saw declines. About 58% of international students in the US come from Asia. （1）What does the underlined word “descended” in Paragraph 2 means? A. Changed. B. Declined. C. Multiplied. D. Increased. （2）Why do more American students study in Asia? A. They expect to get more teaching and research help. B. They lose confidence in English-speaking countries. C. They are afraid that terrorist attacks will happen again. D. They prefer to explore a different world from their own. （3）Where were most foreign students in America from in 2005? A. China. B. India. C. Argentina. D. Britain. （4）What can we infer from the passage? A. There were 6,400 American students studying in China in 2005. B. Chinese students to America will overpass Indians in the future. C. International enrollment in American higher education changed a lot. D. Asian students
英语阅读理解解题技巧-解题步骤 在做阅读理解时，可遵循三部曲的原则，即：快速阅读短文;认真逐题作答;复查校对答案。 第一步，快速阅读短文;通读测试题，明确考查点。 先读题，明确题目要求，弄清考点，然后带着问题去读文章，这种方法在英语中称为scanning，就是寻读。快速阅读一遍弄清段落大意，对全文有一个整体了解，阅读时从宏观入手，掌握中心意思，注意哪些用以说明中心意思的主要事实和细节，抓住关键词，弄清作者写此篇文章的目的及意图。如遇到生词，应先跳过，继续通读全文，切忌长时间死扣生词，因为有些生词并不影响对全文的理解，还有一些词可以通过上下文推测含义。 第二步，认真逐题作答。 看完短文后，对整篇短文的内容有了大致的了解，然后马上看后面的问题，带着问题去找答案。如果属于客观信息题，就可直接在短文中找到出处。如果是主观判断题，则应迅速再读全文，仔细分析思考，将近似的答案对照原文反复比较，推敲，选出最佳答案。 第三步，仔细校对所选答案。 做完所有题目后，再读一遍短文，逐一检查所有答案是否有误。如果有拿不定主意的答案，不要随意更改。一定要从原文中找到依据，方可更正。 -阅读技巧 ①要快速浏览全文，掌握主旨和大意，特别注意文章的主题句，理出作者的写作思路。(What is the idea?What are facts?)
②要尽快浏览课文后的思考题，尽量带着问题读; ③完成事实细节题时，要找到定位句; ④要把有关WHO，WHAT，WHERE，HOW和WHY等方面内容用笔圈画出来。 ⑤遇到推理判断题时，要注意作者的态度和命题人的意图，不可从个人的经验出发。 “做英语阅读理解时，答题也有讲究。如果同学们具备一定的答题技巧，那么最终将事半功倍。”王老师说，做猜测词义题、细节理解题、主旨归纳题、推理判断题都有一定的技巧。 英语阅读理解解题技巧一、猜测词义题 阅读理解经常会遇到生词，这些生词怎么解决呢?这就需要一些猜词的技巧。 (一)根据生活常识猜测词义 Children are always boasting.They say things like“My Dad's car is bigger than your Dad's，”“My Mom is smarter than yours.”and“My family has more money than yours.” The word“boasting” means __B___ A.骄傲 B.吹牛 C.顽皮 D.幼稚 Many plants and animals are going extinct.Mammoths，which are related(有关联的) with Asia elephants，are now extinct.There are no mammoths in the world today. 1.A mammoth is a kind of _C___. A.plant B.bird C.animal D.tree 2.The word extinct means _C_ A.出现 B.危险 C.灭绝
阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1．阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节。2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3．既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4．既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。5．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型：主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。 下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点，寻找解题的方法。 常见题型： 1．主题型： What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2．标题型： What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) ————. 3．目的型： The main purpose of this text is ————. The author’s purpose o f writing this text is to ————. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
高考英语阅读解题技巧强化：推理与复述 衡东县第一中学罗咏凌 高三下期经过一系列的强化训练后，学生对于英语各题型的解题能力大有提高，不少学生的英语成绩也取得了突破性的进展。但是越接近高考，特别是在最后一个月里，有的学生就越感到迷茫，心情也越来越焦躁。因为他们感觉到阅读训练花的时间最多，而且有关阅读的各项专题我们都已复习到位，但是这一段时间所取得的进步相对于以前却慢多了。有的同学甚至形成一种错误的观点觉得阅读训练的越多，得分反而越少。特别是五月份衡阳市联考的英语阅读试题中第二篇第63题，大部分同学包括一些英语成绩平时非常优秀的同学选错答案，这种现象不禁引起了我的深思。就其原因，尽管我们已经做过有关阅读细节理解，推理判断等专题训练，却忽略了阅读理解选项中复述句与推理句的区别及相关训练，使得学生此方面能力仍然比较薄弱，能够取得的进步当然也就受到了限制。 （衡阳市2009年五月联考题阅读理解第二篇） 63. Which of the following can be inferred? (正确答案为 A) 但是绝大部分同学选D.（A qualified pilot has to pass comprehensive examinations on political and military
theory）.即使在已经给出正确答案后，他们还是觉得无法理解。其实这个句子是对原文They had also passed comprehensive examinations on political and military theory, flight skills, management and mental health的复述，而非推断。 因此加强此题型的分析与训练是非常必要的。我制作了两个多媒体课件作为对学生的一个专题训练，并取得了很好的效果。在课件中我采取了以下几个步骤： 一．从概念上着手辨析复述与推理的区别。 复述（Restatement）是用另一种表达方式来表达句子，但它所表达的观点与原文是一致的。而推断（inference）是根据原文所给的信息得出的一个推断或结论。 二．强调推理判断题的设问方式。 1. What is implied in the sentence(s) ... ? 2. It is implied in the passage that 3. The passage implies/suggests that 4. It can be inferred/seen/concluded from the passage that 5. Which of the following can be inferred from this passage? 6. Which of the following can be concluded from this passage?
教你“五个绝招”破解英语阅读理解 阅读是增长知识获取信息的主要途径，阅读能力是英语教学的重点。近年来，注重对初中生阅读理解能力的考核已成为中考的一大趋势。阅读理解能力影响并制约听、说、读、写能力的形成和发展，中学英语教学大纲也把培养阅读能力作为一个主要的教学目标。要做好阅读理解，应从以下几方面入手。
高中英语阅读理解的答题方法和技巧 一、先看题干，带着问题读文章。 即先看试题，再读文章。阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调，作者未加陈述的观点以及贯穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。 二、速读全文，了解大意知主题。 阅读的目的是获取信息。一个人的阅读能力的高低决定了他能否快速高效吸收有用信息。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。没有一定的阅读速度就不能顺利地输入信息，更谈不上运用英语。近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40个词左右。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
抓主题句这是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。用归纳法撰写的文章，都是表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子居后。此时主题句就是文章的最后一句。通常用演绎法撰写的文章，大都遵循从一般到个别的写作程序，即从概述开始，随之辅以细说。这时，主题句就是文章的第一句。当然也有些文章没有主题句，需要读者自己去归纳。主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用，主旨大意题，归纳概括题，中心思想题往往直接可从主题句中找到答案。 三、详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。 文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。作者为文，有脉可循。如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述体则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。你可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，运用"画图列表法"，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。 四、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。 在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。这就是通常所说的深层理解。深层理解主要包括归纳概括题（中心思想，加标题等）和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。深层理解是一
高中英语阅读理解9大题型+解题技巧 一、例证题 1.例证题的标记。当题干中出现 example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify时。 2.返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。 3.搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。例子 周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。 注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。举例后马上问这个例 子说明了什么问题?不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。 4.找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。 5.例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。即用例子中的某一内容 拉出来让你去选。(╳) 要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪 开始到哪结束。 二、指代题 1.返回原文，找出出题的指代词。 2.向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子(先从最近点开始找，找不到再 找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远)。 3.将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。 4.将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。 三、词汇题 “搜索代入”法： ①返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。 ②确定该词汇的词性 ③从上下文(词汇的前后几句)中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词(如一下子找 不到就再往上往下找)，代入所给词汇在文章中的位置(将之替换)看语义是否合 适
④找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相，即答案 注意： a.如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。 b.高考阅读不是考察字认识不认识，而是考察是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。 c.词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。注意不能靠单词词义 直接往下推。 d.寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点(比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是 形式上的并列就是语义上的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一 句话的意思来推测另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇含义)、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。比如：让猜一个名词词组(动词词组)的意思， 我们就向上向下搜索名词词组(动词词组)。 ▲隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。隐蔽 型词汇题的做法跟词汇题的做法几乎一样，往上往下找。 四、句子理解题 1.返回原文找到原句。 2.对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析(找主干)，应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若 该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。注意：局部含义是由整体 决定的。 3.一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇 换种表达而已。 4.句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。做题时应把握住推的度。 思路：对句子微观分析?不行就依据上下文?选择时不要推得过远。 五、推理题 “最近原则” 1.标志：learn, infer, imply, inform
最新高考英语高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含 答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类 1．阅读理解 A music festival is a community event focusingon live performances of singing and instrument playing that is often presentedwith a theme. On the list are the music festivals for fans around the world.Find your favorite now! Field Day January 1, 2018. Sydney Field Pay means New Year's Day for young peoplein Sydney. Seen as the city's original multi－stage party,, it's a gathering of friends comingtogether for a great fun - filled first day of the year. There's an air of hopeand positive energy on a perfect summer's day. The Envision Festival February 22 – 25, 2018, Uvita The Envision Festival is an annual gathering inCosta Rica that aims to provide an opportunityfor different cultures to work with one another to create a better community.The festival encourages people to practice art, music, dance performances, andeducation. Meanwhile, our connection with nature is expected to bestrengthened. The McDowell Mountain Music Festival March 2 - 4, 2018, Phoenix The McDowell Mountain Music Festival is Phoenix、musicalcelera ,on of community culture. Since its founding in 2004 f it is the only100% non – profit music festival designed to support, entertain and educate thecommunity. The festival attracts thousands of visitors each year from aroundthe country, and it is an opportunity to experience true culture. The Old Settler's Music Festival April 19 - 22, 2018, Dale The Old Settler's Music Festival is a nationallyknown music festival for American music. The festival is held in the country ofTexas at the height of the wild flower season. The Old Settler's Music Festivaloffers great music and activities for the whole family. （1）In which city can people enjoy a fun New Year's Day? A. Phoenix B. Uvita. C. Sydney D. Dale （2）What is special about the McDowell Mountain Music Festival? A. It encourages people to receive education. B. It is not aimed at making money. C. It provides an opportunity for friend gathering. D. It focuses on cultural exchanges. （3）Which festivals are connected with nature? A. Field Day and the Envision Festival. B. The Envision Festival and the McDowell Mountain Music Festival.
高考英语阅读的方法与技巧 高考英语阅读理解旨在考查考生的知识和能力，顾名思义，阅读主要是获取信息，是理解的前提和手段;理解是分析、加工和处理信息，是阅读的目的和结果。 阅读理解通过不同的体裁，如记叙文，描述文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，和不同的题材，如科普知识、天文地理、人物传记、仁人轶事、哲理小品、科技教育、风土人情、广告宣传、新闻报道、体育赛事、历史文化、人间百态等，全面考查考生记忆、识别、换算、判断推理、逻辑思维、分析归纳、概括总结等能力。本文介绍几种常用的阅读方法，然后附上练习，并给出解题思路。 一、阅读理解的方法 1.略读法(Skimming) 略读法是快速阅读中的一种方法，通常又称为浏览。略读的关键是在抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，主要目的是获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章的主旨和大意方面的问题。利用略读法做阅读时，要特别注意文章首尾两段，因为文章的第一段往往点明文章的主题，或中心思想，或作者的意图，而文章的最后一段则常常总结、归纳或重述文章的主要内容。 要学会寻找文章段落的主题句(Topic sentence)，这是抓住段落大意的一条捷径，同时也是准确全文大意的有效途径，因为把整篇文章的每段主题句的意思想综合起来，实际上就是全文的中心思想(Central idea)。有时候，文章的主题句可能会出现在段落中间或结尾，考生需要运用略读方法快速准确地找到它。 2.查阅法(Scanning) 考生在回答具体信息时，通常不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需要找出可能包括所需要的信息部分，然后加以阅读就行，这种方法就是查阅法。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，回答具体的
广东高考英语听说考前训练及技巧 2017.11.6 广东高考英语人机对话口语考试分三部分：（共60分，折算15分） 第一部分：Reading Aloud 根据视频大声朗读文章，要求流利通顺，文章中有一定的新词汇。 （20分） 第二部分：Role Play 要求扮演角色，与电脑互问互答，先根据提示问三个问题，再回答五个问题。（16分） 第三部分：Oral Competition 口头作文，听一篇文章，然后根据故事梗概和关键词，复述该故 事。（24分） 听说合考总的答题策略： 1、调整话筒，让话筒靠近嘴巴，保证录音质量。 2、养成作好笔记的习惯。 3、录音答题时保持镇定，确保自己的发挥。 Part A 答题技巧 应试技巧：第一遍看视频听录音时，注意力应放在说话者的发音、语调和意群停顿上，同时尽可能地记下一些关键词语。自我演练时，考生首先要熟悉画外音所叙述的内容，记住需要换气和停顿的地方。第二遍边听录音边看视频上文字时，最为关键的是要注意说话者的语频，并对个别较难发音的词语加以关注。录音时，考生是看着相同的视频片段进行录音。这时最为关键的是语频要与视频上显示的保持一致。一定要读出来，碰到不懂的单词，按字母规律发音，不要不读。 Part B答题技巧 1).听前抢读和预测: 预测可能出现的词汇(尤其是关键词),和出题方向。 如:情景介绍:女士和男士谈论即将来临的面试
预测:关键词interview 可能出题方向When will you have the interview? How will you go there? Are you prepared for /nervous about it? 2)做笔记,抓关键信息 前面的英文短片部分和三问部分是所有听力信息的输入部分，这两部分要做好听力笔记。在三问环节，计算机会回答两遍.计算机回答问题的内容往往是下一部分回答的答案或提示。 观看英文短片时要在听懂大意的同时留意涉及的人物、事物、时间、行为等相关信息(5w1h)，并适当做笔记,在短时间内强记细节信息,如年代,单价,折扣价,门牌号等。 练习快速记笔记，用最简洁的符号记录信息。如字母/箭头/数字/汉字/图形等。 如:考生用英语提问：新图书馆周末开放吗? （Is the library open on weekends?） 计算机回答 （Y es. It‘s open from 9:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. on weekends and it opens one hour earlier from Monday to Friday. 播放2遍） 计算机提问 （When does the new library open from Monday to Friday? 播放2遍） 考生回答计算机提问（It opens at 8:00 a.m. from Monday to Friday.） 3）准确获取信息后，考生不需要再关注画面，应更留心使用规范的英语进行问答。 4）时间上的把握,注意力高度集中(整个过程) 5）放弃过去的信息。 Part B 答题注意事项 1).提问部分
英语阅读理解的答题技巧 推理题 推理题一般包括数字推理，知识推断和逻辑推理，它主要考察我们理清上下逻辑关系的水平，能够算是各类题型中最难的一种。 推理题常常考查考生相关的判断、推理和引申理解作者的意图、观点或态度等。 秘诀： 1.看是否通过题干返回原文(或根据选项返回) 2.依据原文的意思实行：三错一对"的判断 3.注意推理时的"最近答案"原则 注意：不要"想的太多，推得太远."推理题的答案很大水准上是原文的重现不易定非要经过逻辑推理从原文得出。 02 例证题 例证题要求考生：区分论点和论据;理解文章的总体结构以及单句之间、段落之间的关系 主要是考察考生通过段落，句子来推测文章的主旨，支持的观点等。 秘诀： 1.返回原文，找出该例证出现，即给该例证定位 2.90%向上，10%向下，搜索该例证周围的区域，找出例证支持的观点. 3.错误选项特征就是就事论事! 4.常识判断
注意： 做论述题时候，找出该论点，并与四个选项实行比较，的出选项中与该论点最一致的准确答案. 注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点，例子看不懂也没关系 对于常识题，如果一个选项仅仅符合常识，不一定是answer，如果不符合常识，一定不是answer 03 词汇题 词汇题主要测试考生根据上下文准确推测判断词义的水平。 秘诀： 1.返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方 2.注意结合上下文，理解该词的意思 3.可判断该词汇是否超纲，如果是纲内词汇，则字面意思，必然不是准确答案 4.词汇的准确答案，经常蕴藏在原文该词出现的前后 04 句子理解题 句子理解题要求考生：理解文中的具体信息;理解文中的概念性含义 秘诀： 1.返回原文，找到该句子。 2.对原句实行语法和词义上的精确剖析，应该重点抓原句的字面含义，不要实行归纳，演绎，推理.
高中英语阅读技巧及专题训练（含答案） 一、题型知识 短文的体裁涉及记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文等；题材涉及政治、经济、历史、地理、文化、教育、新闻报道、人物故事、科技信息、海外风情等；每段短文后一般设计4 道试题，最多的有5 道题，最少的设计 3 道题。纵观历年高考英语试题，英语阅读理解主要从以下5 个方面来考查考生的英语阅读理解能力： 1. 事实细节题。这类题主要考查考生对英语文章事实细节的掌握情况。它又分为两种情况：一是词语细节类，其答案几乎可以直接从原文中找出来，考生只要根据题干中的关键词与原文进行对照，就能找到答案；二是隐含细节类，这类题虽然不能直接从原文中的找到对应的词或短语，但考生可以根据文章的隐含意义，如原因、前提或结果等仔细推敲出答案来。 细节类试题的提问方式很多而且灵活，提问的对象涉及短文中的时间、距离、数量或原因、结果、方式等具体的细节，有的需要先进行计算才能得出答案，有的先要找出文章的相应部分才能得出答案，也有的要把文章中所有的相关细节全部找出来才能得出答案。常用的提问句型有： What does the author say in…? According to the passage, where / when / why / how / who…? What is the reason for…? Which of the following is (NOT) true? Which of the following is (NOT) mentioned? The writer mentioned all of the following EXCEPT… 2. 推理判断题。这类题不仅考查考生对文章中某些句子字面意思的理解，而且还考查对句子间逻辑关系的理解、对事物发展结果的推导。这方面的出题多、难度大，考生可得小心。其提问的常用方式有： What does the author think about…? What can be inferred / concluded from…? What do you think…according to the passage? According to the writer, which of the following is right? 3. 词义猜测题和语义理解题。这类题主要考查考生对英语文章中生词的解释意义、代词的指代意义及短语或句子的含义。其常见的提问方式有： What does the writer mean by saying “…”? What does the word / phrase“…”in Paragraph…mean? Which of the following can replace the word / phrase “…”in Paragraph…? From the passage we can infer that the word / phrase “…”is… 4. 主旨大意题。这类题主要考查考生对文章中心思想、段落大意的归纳、总结及概括能力。其提问的方式常有：The title of this passage should be… Which of the following can be the title of this passage? What is the main idea of this passage? What does the writer mainly tell us in this passage? 5. 观点态度题。这类题主要考查考生对作者在文章中所表露出来的观点、感情、态度、目的、意图的理解。考生要能够从文章的用词、语气或对某个细节的陈述来推断作者的态度、观点等。其提问的常见方式有： What is the opinion of the writer in this passage? What is the writer’s attitude towards…? What does the writer think…? What is the purpose of the writer in this passage? 二、词汇知识 词汇是语言的重要组成部分，是进行阅读的基础。因此，考生首先要掌握必要的英语词汇：新课标对高中毕业的词汇要求是：运用词汇阅读理解和表达不同的功能、意图和态度等；运用词汇描述比较复杂的事物、行为和特征，说明概念等；学会使用3,000 个单词和400～500 个习惯用语和固定搭配。新课标词汇表共收集英语词汇3,300 个，短语360 个。 其次，不仅要熟悉这些单词常见的词性和基本意义，而且还要了解单词的转类及引申意义。如果考生只知道question 和head 分别作名词，基本意思分别是“问题”和“头，脑袋”。那么对句子Father questioned his daughter where she was heading when he saw her 中question 和head 就不能理解，从而造成句子理解错误。 最后，还要了解词缀的意义、认识常见的首字母缩略词。当我们认识like 时，就要知道dislike 和unlike 的词性和意义区别；在认识able 后，也要了解disable 和unable 词性和意义的不同。如果把He is unable to get here today