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PASSBEC新编剑桥商务英语口试必备手册(中高级)

PASSBEC新编剑桥商务英语口试必备手册(中高级)
PASSBEC新编剑桥商务英语口试必备手册(中高级)

目录

第一单元公司运作与管理

Teamwork 团队合作 1 Reducing Production Cost 降低生产成本 12

Internal Communications 部沟通 8

Reducing Overheads 减少管理费用 18

How to Deal with a Heavy Workload 如何应对繁重的工作 23

Work Environment工作环境 27

Logistics物流 32

Business Ethics 商业道德

第二单元人力资源管理 37

Recruiting & Selecting 人员招聘 42

Employee Training 员工培训 48 Career Development 职业发展 53

Promotion 晋升 59

Staff promotion 激励员工 65

Staff turnover 员工流失 71

Appraising and Improving Performance 绩效考核与改进绩效 76

Pay and benefits 薪酬与福利 80

Labor relations劳动关系 85

Work place safety and health 工作安全与职业保健 90

Time management 时间管理 95

Managing stress 缓解压力

第三单元市场营销 101

Product development 产品开发 106

Setting price 产品定价 110

Product promotion 产品推广 114

Advertising 广告 118

Packaging 包装 122

Branding 品牌 126

Customer satisfaction 顾客满意度 130

Keeping Customers 留住顾客 134

Marketing channels 营销渠道

第四单元商务旅行 138

Travel and transport 出行与交通工具 142 Travel and accommodation 差旅与住宿 148

Domestic travel 国差旅 154

Travelling abroad 国际差旅

第五单元企业公关 160

Corporate culture 企业文化 166

Company image 公司形象 172

Corporate gifting 公司送礼 178

Corporate sponsorship 企业赞助 183

Dress code 着装要求 189

Entertaining business clients 招待客户

第六单元公司发展 195

Site location and relocation 公司选址和迁址 200 Going global 全球营销 205 Franchise 特许经营 209 Meeting competition 应对竞争

第七单元商务电子化与新型工作方式 213 Office automation 办公自动化 217 Setting up company website 建立公司 224 Internet marketing 互联网促销 230 Flexible patterns of work 弹性工作方式

第八单元商务会议 235

Staging a meeting/conference 举办会议 241 Attending a meeting/conference 参加会议 247 Giving a presentation 大会发言 251 Trade fair and exhibitions 会展 257 PRACTICE TEST ONE 练习1 263

PRACTICE TEST TWO 练习 2 271

PRACTICE TEST TWO 练习 3 278

UNIT ONE Company Operation and Management 第一单元公司运作与管理

1.1Teamwork 团队合作

Teamwork 团队合作,团队精神

Team-based 以团队为基础的

Horizontal organization structure 横向企业结构Corporate goals 企业目标

Charter 规章,章程

Be accountable for 对…负有责任

Creative innovation 创新改革,创新发明创新精神Reward system 奖励制度

Pay back 回报,报偿

Individuality 个性

Independent thinking 独立的思想

Group decision-making 集体决策

Managerial skill 管理技能

Coordinate 使协调,调整

Interpersonal relationship 人际关系

Mutual trust 相互信任

Bring out the potentials 充分发挥潜能

Closely-knit (关系)密切的

Keep track of 跟踪,追踪

Time-consuming 花费时间的

Line manager 部门经理,业务经理(与行政经理相对)Pre-building 团队建设

Nurture 培养,教育,发展

Nurture team dynamics 培养团队活力

Promote team spirit 提倡团队精神

Drive team success 驱使团队成功

Minimize 将…减少到最少,最小化

Inhibit 约束,抑止

Liven up 使…有生气

Training session 一场训练,培训课期

Rafting 漂流

Rock climbing 攀岩

Teammate 队友

Impact 影响,效果

Complementary 补充的,互补的

Revitalize 使新生,给予新的活力

Trait (个人性格方面的)特征,显著的特点Commitment 敬业精神

Interpersonal communication skills 人际交际技能,亦作 interpersonal skills

Address 处理(事情)

Creative innovation 创新精神

How to Make Teams Effective 如何组建精锐的团队

People in every workplace talk about building the team, working as a team, and my team, but few understand how to create the experience of teamwork or how to develop an effective team.

在各种工作场合,人们都在谈论团队建设、团队合作、自己的团队,但是却很少有人真正理解如何体验团队合作以及如何组建一支精锐的团队。

Belonging to a team, in the broadest sense, is a result of feeling part of something larger than yourself. 属于一个团队,就是体验自己成为比自己更大的团体的一部分。

It has a lot to do with your understanding of the mission or objectives of your organization.

这在很大程度上与你对企业任务和目标的理解有关。

In a team-oriented environment, you contribute to the overall success of the organization.

在以团队为导向的环境里,你要为企业的全面成功做出自己的贡献。

You work with fellow members of the organization to produce these results.

你要和同事们通力合作以达到这些目标。

Even though you have a specific job function and you belong to a specific department, you are unified with other organization members to accomplish the overall objectives.

即使你属于某个工作部门,有着具体工作职责,你仍然要与其他同事团结一致去实现这些总体目标。

The bigger picture drives your actions; your function exists to serve the bigger picture.

你的行动受到企业更大目标的驱使,你的职责服务于企业更大的目标。

Therefore, executives, managers, and organization staff members universally explore ways to improve business results and profitability.

因而,行政主管、经理以及组织的普通员工无不对提高企业绩效和盈利能力的办法进行探讨。

Many view team-based, horizontal organization structures as the best design for involving all employees in creating business success.

许多人认为,让全体员工参与、为企业成功共同努力的最好策略是采取以团队为基础的横向企业结构。

Successful team building requires attention to each of the following Twelve Cs.

成功的团队建设要遵循以下12条建议:

Clear expectations: Do team members understand why the team was created?

明确目标:团队成员是否明确团队组建的目的?

Context:Can team members define their team’s importance to the accomplishment of corporate goals?

组建背景:团队成员是否明确团队对于实现企业目标的重要性?

Commitment: Do team members perceive their service as valuable to the organization and to their own careers? 敬业精神:团队成员是否认识到团队对于企业以及对自身事业的成功都很重要?

Competence: Does the team feel that its members have the knowledge, skill, and capability to address the issues for which the team was formed?

团队能力:团队是否感知其成员拥有应对种种问题的知识、技能和实际能力?而团队组建的目的就是为了解决这些问题。

Charter: Has the team taken its assigned area of responsibility and designed its own mission, vision, and strategies to accomplish the mission?

团队规章:团队是否明确自己的职责围并规划出自己的目标、远景和对策以完成使命?

Control: Do team members hold each other accountable for project timelines, commitments, and results?

部控制:团队成员是否对项目时间安排、应承担的义务和结果等共同负有责任?

Collaboration: Do team members cooperate to accomplish the team charter?

协作精神:团队成员是否能相互协作、遵循团队章程?

Communication: Do team members communicate clearly and honestly with each other?

部沟通:团队成员之间能否明确、诚实地进行相互沟通?

Creative Innovation: Does the team value creative thinking, unique solutions, and new ideas?

创新改革:团队是否注重鼓励创新思维、独特的解决办法和新的想法?

Consequences:Is the organization designing reward systems that recognize both team and individual performance?

结果影响:团队是否制定奖励制度来奖励团队以及个人的工作表现?

Coordination: Are teams coordinated by a central leadership that assists the groups to obtain what they need for success?

协调配合:团队是否有领导核心来协调工作、帮助各小组取得成功?

Cultural Change:Does the organization recognize that the more it can change its climate to support teams, the more it will receive in pay back from the work of the teams?

改进文化:企业是否认识到越是通过改变企业氛围来支持团队的工作,就越能够从团队的工作中得到回报?

Spend time and attention on each of these twelve tips to ensure your work teams contribute most effectively to your business success.

要认真关注这12条建议,以保证你的团队能为企业的成功最有效地作出努力。

PART ONE: Interview

(1)Do you like working in a team or on your own?(why?)

你喜欢在团队与个人合作还是独自工作?

I like working in a team, as the proverb goes:” Two heads are better than one.” In a team, I can learn from my fellow workers, get help from them when I’m under pressure. And the most important thing is : I can learn to communicate with all sorts of people.

(2)How important is the central leadership of a team?

团队的核心领导有多重要?

It’s very important. You need someone with managerial skills to lead within the team: h e is able to see the big picture of the work going on , to engage others, coordinate interpersonal relationship and organize resources effectively.

(3)Do you prefer to work in small teams or big teams?(why)

你喜欢在小型团队还是在大型团队中工作?

I prefer to work in a big team. You see, when you work with more people, you get a chance to listen to different points of view, to learn to see things in different perspectives. It’s also more challenging as you have to coordinate with more people,

(4)Is it necessary for a team to have regular meetings?

团队是否有必要定期开会?

Yes, I think it’s absolutely necessary. Regular meetings can enable team members to keep track of work progress and it’s a means of considering information and making collective decisions.

PART TWO: Mini-presentation

What’s important when…?

Evaluating the success of teamwork 衡量团队成功与否需要考虑哪些要点?

●Mutual trust 相互信任

●Full co-operation 通力合作

Mutual trust is the first secret of successful teamwork. When members share a trusting relationship, they will feel free to expres s their views, understand each other’s capabilities and limitations, and communicate with each other timely. This helps to bring out the potentials, experience and creativity of the individual

and create good work environment.

Full co-operation among team members has a direct impact on the success or failure of the team. When team members develop a strong awareness of cooperation, they would make collective efforts to achieve the common objectives and ensure a higher level of quality and workmanship.

On top of that, timely communication and decision making will also help to improve work efficiency.

PART THREE: Discussion

Teamwork

Your company is offering a brief training programme on team building for line managers. You have been asked to help plan the programme. Discuss the situation together, and decide:

●what issues should the programme focus on

●what kind of activities should be included

团队合作

你们公司正在考虑为部门经理提供关于团队建设的短期培训课程。请你们协助策划这一课程。讨论并决定:

●该培训课程应集中在哪些问题上

●应包含哪些活动

A: Well, I think it’s a good idea that our c ompany is planning to offer a training programme on team building for all line managers.

B:Yes. We need to work out the focus of this programme.

A: In my opinion, we should , first of all, focus on issues like how to form an effective team and how to improve communication within the team. These are the most important things we need to consider when holding a training programme.

B: Yes, I quite agree with you. Understanding these issues is the pre-requisite of successful team-building. Besides that, how to nurture team dynamics should be another focus of our training programme, I mean, analyse and encourage the dynamics that drive team success and minimize the factors that inhibit the healthy functioning of the team.

A: Yes, only when all team members are motivated, and they give good performance in work.

B: So we can include in our programme, the activities that help to promote team spirit, activities that help develop employee motivation and improve communication.

A: Well, we can provide team building games, and outdoor activities that liven up the training sessions. B: I’m quite with you here. We can organize outdoor adventures like rafting, sailing and rock climbing. These events serve to increase personal awareness of abilities and complementary skills in your teammates. A: it’s a very good idea. These exciting activities not only encourage team participation, problem soving and revitalize morale, they also add some fun and variation to our programme.

B: And in fulfilling their potentials, everyone in the t eam learns to understand other people’s capacities and learns to appreciate the impact of their traits on team dynamics.

A: Yes, mutual understanding and mutual trust are indispensable to effective team building.

Follow-up questions:

(1)What are the characteristics of a good team?

一个良好的团队有哪些特点?

Characteristics like mutual trust, co-operation, commitment, openness of expression among team members are essential to a good team. Besides, a team should also be clear about the common goals they aim to attain.

(2)What might be the disadvantages of working in a team environment?

在团队中工作有哪些不利因素?

Sometimes, team membership requires you to give up some individuality in order for the team to function

as a whole. Sometimes you feel your own contribution to the team cannot be measured, so you work less than you would individually.

(3)Would you like to take part in a programme for developing teamwork?(Why)

你是否愿意参加团队发展的培训课程?

Yes, of course. It offers me opportunities to develop better interpersonal communication skills, and these are essential in my business career.

(4)How might a company measure the success of a training programme?

公司应该怎样衡量培训课程的成败?

To evaluate the impact of a training programme, we can see if the training has helped to address the issues in the work, to see if there’s any improvement in the work performance of the staff and if it encourages creative innovation and teamwork.

(5)Do you think a company will always benefit from staff training?(Why?/Why not?)

你是否认为公司总是可以从员工培训中有所获益?

I think a company can benefit much from staff training. Through training, employees will have a better understanding of their work objectives, have greater commitment in their work, and acquire practical working skills.

1.2 Internal Communications 部沟通

Be committed to 致力于

Be engaged in 投身于…,忙于

Delivery 传输,传送

Corporate information 公司信息

Vision 设想,远见

Openness 坦诚,公开

Integrity 诚信,诚实

Paramount 极为重要的

-wide (后缀,与名词一起构成形容词或副词)全…围的Opinion survey 意见调查

Put in place 实施,到位

Audience-driven 以受众为导向的

Communications approach 沟通方式

Segmentation 分割,切断

Customization 根据对方需要制作,量身定做Integrated platform 集成的(信息)平台

Cost efficiency 成本效率

Digital media 数码媒介

Intranet 企业部互联网

Notice-board 布告牌

Resentment 愤恨,不满

Open-minded 胸襟开阔的

Out-going 爽直的,乐于助人的,外向的Mettle 勇气,精神

Initiative 主动性

Management message 管理信息

Performance excellence 优异表现

Subordinate 下级,下属

E-mail newsletter 电邮通讯,电子通讯,亦作E-newsletter, E-news-letter

Tangible performance standards 具体的工作标准Annual performance reviews (对员工的)年度业绩考核,年度绩效评估

Staff appraisal (对员工的)业绩评估,业绩考核

Two-way communication 双向交流

Voice one’s opinions about 就…发表自己的意见Column (报纸、杂志的)专栏

Layout 版面设计

Cartoon picture 漫画

Company logo 公司标识

A sense of belonging 归属感

Work station 工作站,工作处

Information equality 信息均等

Have access to 有权使用…

Channel 渠道,通道

Opinion poll 民意测验

Internal communications

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part1-匹配题。找选项中关键词。读段落时,找出有几个意思,标记提示词。关键是要读懂,不然什么方法都没用,然后一一对应,用时10-20分钟不等。 part2-填句。通读全文,把标示段落大意或层意的词挑出来做记号。再读选项,根据语义匹配和呼应词匹配选择。不选到最后,一定不要舍弃某个选项,说不准它就是对的,10-15分钟不等。 part3-单选。通常一段对应一道题,可以看一段选完一题。看懂大意,理解了,就能做出来,没有其他窍门,10分钟。 part4-完型,有选项。考词语搭配,词语辨析。在于平时的总结、积累以及语感,5分钟。 part5-完型,无选项。主要是填虚词和词组中缺的词,实词考察很少。靠平时做题的总结,形感,5分钟。 part6-改错。做题,总结,形成语感,归纳好语病的出处,5分钟。做题顺序:推荐3456按顺序做,1、2放在最后,因为1、2的难度不定,非常影响发挥。

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