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初一英语外研版

初一英语外研版
初一英语外研版

初一英语外研版(上)知识点辅导Post By:2009-3-22 13:39:51

初一英语外研版(上)知识点辅导

Module 3 My new school

中山大学附中三水实验学校张佳望

1.单词和短语:

There, forty-six, computer, dictionary, library, picture, television, right, fifteen, sixteen, seventee n, eighteen, nineteen, thirty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety, dining, hall, gym, science, lab, in front o f, next, behind, any, one, building

2.交际用语:

1) In my classroom , there’s a blackboard a nd there are 22 desks .

2) There aren’t any computers on your desks .

3) Are there any computers on our desks ?

No, there aren’t .

4) Where’s the library ?

It’s next to the classroom .

3.课文知识点:

1. there 反义词here adv. 在那里;往那里eg:

He wants to go there. 我想去那儿。

(2) adv. 那个地方eg:

He comes from there. 他从那儿来。

Please sit over there. 请坐在那边。

2. dictionary 复数dictionaries

an English-Chinese dictionary 一本英汉字典

a Chinese-English dictionary一本汉英字典

3. library复数libraries librarian 图书管理员

There is a library in our school .我们学校有个图书馆。

4. picture 同义词photo

There are some pictures on the wall .墙上有一些图画。

5. television 电视(缩写形式TV)eg:

This is a black and white television. 这是一台黑白电视。

I learn English on TV. 我通过电视学英语。

6. That’s 24 boys and 22 girls .那也就是24个男孩和22个女孩。

7. Yes , there is one behind the library . 有,图书馆后面有一个。

8. —Where’s the gym ? 体育馆在什么地方?

—It’s in a building in front of the offices . 在办公室前面的大楼里。

9. There’s a gym , a library and a dining hall . 有体育馆,图书馆和餐厅。

四、语法:

A. There be 句型表示存在的用法。

1) 定义:There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。

2) 结构:(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.

(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.

there是引导词,在句中不充当任何成分,翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物,谓语动词b e要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。eg.

①There is a bird in the tree.树上有一只鸟。

②There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.

我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。

③There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩,一个女孩。

3) There be句型否定句

There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上not或no即可。注意n ot和no的不同:not是副词,no为形容词,not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如:There are some pictures on the wall.

→There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.

There is a bike behind the tree.

→ There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.

4) There be句型一般疑问句

There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可,此为\"调整法-:sp

ecial:1:-。但同时要注意:当肯定句中有some时,要将其改为any(否定变化也一样)。看看下面两句是如何-:special:1:-改头换面-:special:1:-的吧:

There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?

There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water?

5) There be句型与have的区别:

(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下:There

be表示“某处存在某物或某人”;have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”,它表示所有、拥有关系。eg.

①He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。

②There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。

(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时,There be 句型与其可互换。eg.

A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。

B. 表地点的介词。

1. after与behind的用法区别

两者均可表示“在…之后”,其区别是:

(1) after 主要用于时间或次序,behind 主要用于位置:

He decided to leave after lunch. 他决定午饭后离开。

Summer comes after spring. 春去夏来。

The hospital is behind the post office. 医院在邮局后面。

behind 有时也用于时间,表示“迟于”,主要用于behind time (迟,晚)这一习语:

The train was 20 minutes behind time. 火车晚点20 分钟。

(2) 两者都可用于引申义,after 侧重指追求、寻找、模仿等;而behind 则侧重指在背后、支持、落后等(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/be5402917.html,):

The police are after her. 警察在追捕她。

Many young people are after her. 许多年轻人都追求她。

We are behind you completely. 我们完全支持你。

He is behind the others in maths. 他的数学不如别人。

2. in the front of 与in front of的区别

in front of在...(范围外)的前面

There is a tree in front of the classroom.

in the front of在...(范围内)的前面

There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.

3. beside, next to ,near的区别

b eside“在…旁边”一般指空间上Come and sit beside me.

near:“不远的,接近的”指空间或时间上the near future 不远的将来;

My aunt lives quite near. 我姑姑住得相当近。

next to:与…邻接的,紧挨着The shop is next to the school.

I live near the park. 我住在公园附近。

There is a book beside the pen. 钢笔附近有一本书。

The bedroom is next to the bathroom.卧室紧挨着浴室。

3、人称代词与物主代词

人称代词:分主格和宾格

注意:人称代词的主格在句中作主语,宾格作及物动词或介词的宾语。因此判断何时用主格,何时用宾格,只需判断它在句中是作主语还是作宾语。

物主代词:分形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词

注意:

1) 形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词,在句中作定语用,后面一定要接名词。

e.g. This is my pen. 这是我的钢笔。

2) 名词性物主代词相当于一个名词,在句中作主语、表语,能单独使用。

e.g. Yours is new. This old bag is mine.

你的书包是新的,这个旧书包是我的。

3) 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词之间的关系:

名词性物主代词=相应的形容词性物主代词+名词。如:

This is my bike. That is yours. (yours= your bike)

五、课外知识

美国教育制度和大多数其它国家教育制度的一个主要不同点,是美国的教育为社会上每一个人而办,不是专为少数人而设。用税款兴办的免费教育,除了设立一般学校的科目如数学、历史、语文外,还有缝纫、打字、无线电与汽车修理等科目。学生可依自己的兴趣、个人未来的计划和才能,从许多科目中自行选修。美国教育的主要目的,在于发展每个孩子的才能,不管它高或低到什么程度,同时给每个孩子灌输公民意识。

美国的教育制度,整体上可分为四个阶段,那就是:(i)学前教育(pre-school education);(ii)初等教育(e lementary education);(iii)中等教育(secondary education);(iv)高等教育(higher education) 。从学前教育、初等教育到中等教育,都是属于大学前(pre-college)的教育,包括保育学校(nursery school)及幼儿园(kin der garden)、小学、初中(junior high school)及高中(high school)。

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