英语专业四级考试必考语法10-时态.txt等余震的心情，就像初恋的少女等情人，既怕他不来，又怕他乱来。听说女人如衣服，兄弟如手足，回想起来，我竟然七手八脚地裸奔了二十多年！今天心情不好，我只有四句话想说，包括这句和前面的两句，我的话说完了！本文由mengdreamslink贡献
rtf文档可能在WAP端浏览体验不佳。建议您优先选择TXT，或下载源文件到本机查看。 Tense 时态四级常考的重点时态 ? 英语共有16种时态，在CET-4语法测试中，时态是一个常测项目，也是一个必测项目。 ? 测试重点有：现在完成时，现在进行时，现在完成进行时，将来完成时，过去完成时，过去进行时，一般将来时。利用时间状语的信息提示 ? 时态与时间状语之间存在一定的呼应关系。时间状语可以决定时态。时间状语常出现在句首或句尾，有时也出现在谓语动词前后。标志完成时态的时间状语 ? Ever since, since, since then, by then, by now, by the end of, by the time, when, before, for, so far, up till now, for, in the past few days, in the past / last few years 标志进行时态的时间状语 ? Now, right now, at the moment, yesterday afternoon, last Sunday, just now, this time tomorrow 标志将来时态的时间状语 ? Tomorrow, tomorrow morning, soon, next, in two days, in the year 2050, in 10 years’ time, some day in the future, Examples ? Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they better health. ? A. could have enjoyed B. have been enjoying C. had enjoyed D. are enjoying ? Since then, I the mail. ? A. am expecting B. have been expecting C. expected D. was expecting Examples ? You should have put the milk in the ice-box; I expect it undrinkable by now. ? A. became B. had become C. has become D.become ? When he hurried to the airport, he found, to his great disappointment, his ticket and passport at home. ? A. were left B. had left C. to have been left D. had been left Examples ? By the time you get to Beijing tomorrow, I for Shanghai. ? A. am leaving B. shall have left C. will leave D. have already left ? It is reported that by the end of next month the bridge . ?
A. will be built
B. has been built
C. will have been built
D. will have built 特定结构和句型中的时态(1) ? This(That/It) is the first (second…) +名词 +定语从句 ? This(That/It) is the only (last) +名词 +定语从句 ? This(That/It) is the +形容词最高级+名词 +定语从句 Examples ? This is one of the rarest questions that at such a meeting. ? A. has ever been raised B. is raised D. have ever been raised C. are raised ? There was a knock at the door, it was the second time someone me that evening. ? A. had interrupted B. would have interrupted C. to have interrupted D. to be interrupted 特定结构和句型中的时态(2) ? It is /has been + 时间段 since +从句（一般过去时） ? It will be +时间段 before +从句（现在时） ? It was +时间段 before +从句（一般过去时） ? It is likely /unlikely that +从句（一般将来时） Examples ? It 2 weeks since she fell down the stairs, but you can still see the bruises. ? A. was B. is C. will be D. were ? Last night a man escaped from prison. It was a long time the guards discovered what had happened. ? A. since B. when C. before D. that 特定结构和句型中的时态(3) ? “祈使句+and”结构中 , and 引导的并列分句谓语动词用一般将来时。 ? Hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than句型中主句常用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 Examples ? when she started complaining. ? A. Not until he arrived ? B. Hardly had he arrived ? C. No sooner had he arrived ? D. Scarcely did he arrive ? Turn on the radio or open a magazine and you advertisements showing happy and balanced families. ? A. are often seeing B. often see C. have often seen D. will often see 副词的位置 ? 在时态测试中，根据某些副词在句中的特殊位置这一特点，也有助于判断选项
的正误。频率副词always, often, frequently, seldom, never, ever, usually , rarely, occasionally, no sooner, hardly, scarcely等以及just, shortly等其他副词必须放在助动词、情态动词或 be动词与实义动词之间。在省略结构中，这些副词必须放在助动词、情态动词或be 动词之前。 Examples ? We our breakfast when an old man came to the door. ? A. just have had B. have just had C. just had had D. had just had ? San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, but Los Angeles . ? A. is rarely B. rarely is C. hardly is D. is scarcely 时态一致 ? 从句谓语动词时态受主句谓语动词时态限制，主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句时态根据需要选择；主句谓语动词是过去时，从句通常也用过去时。这是四级语法测试重点。如：主句谓语动词是过去时，则 ? 1）主从句动作同时发生，从句did 或was/were doing. ? 2）从句动作发生在主句动作之前，从句had done. ? 3）从句动作发生在主句动作之后，从句would do. Examples ? After searching for half an hour, she realized that her glasses on the table all the time. ? A. had been lying B. had been lain C. have been lying D. were lain Exception （例外） ? 如果从句中所表示的是一个客观事实或科学真理，从句谓语动词不受时态原则限制，只能（永远）用一般现在时，通常根据常识就可以确定答案。
Our teacher has a strict rule. She said yesterday that all the students to class on time. ? A. came B. might come C. must come D. must have come Real Examples 历年四级考题实例（15次CET-4中）历年四级例题88.6 ? 46. By the end of April Peter here for 3 months. ? A. will have stayed B. will stay C. stays D. has stayed ? 61. Never before that night the extent of my own power. ? A. had I felt B. I felt C. did I feel D. I had felt 历年四级例题90.1 ? 53. We our breakfast when an old man came to the door. ? A. just have had B. have just had C. just had D. had just had 历年四级例题91.6 ? 43. I decided to go to the library as soon as I . ? A. finish what I did ?
B. would have finish what I was doing ?
C. finished what I did ?
D. finished what I was doing 历年四级例题92.6 ? 62. Bob’s leg got hurt the mountain. ? A. while he is climbing up ? B. while he climbed up C. while we climbed up ? D. while we were climbing up ? 67. Pick me up at 8 o’clock. I my bath by then. ? A. will have had B. will be having C. can have had D. may have 历年四级例题92.12 ? 41. If you smoke in a non-smoking section people . ? A. have objected B. objected C. must object D. will object ? 54. Ever since Picasso paintings went on exhibit, there large crowds at the museum every day. ? A. is B. has been C. have been D. are going 历年四级例题93.6 ? 45. By the end of this month, we surely a satisfactory solution to the problem. ? A. have found B. will be finding C. will have found D. are finding 历年四级例题95.6 ? 47. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you advertisements showing happy, balanced families. ? A. are often seeing B. will often see C. often see D. have often seen ? 48. While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television the newspaper completely. ? A. replaced B. replace C. have replaced D. will replace 历年四级例题96.1 ? 21. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, and perfected now. ? A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D.
will have been developed ? 39. It is reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory by about 10%. ? A. will have risen B. has risen C. will be rising D. has been rising 历年四级例题96.6 ? 24. Sir. Denis, who is 78, had made it known that much of his collection to the nation. ? A. has left B. is to leave
C. leaves
D. is to be left ? 25. Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949, it necessary to land all the planes for refueling. (96.6) ? A. would be B. has been C. had been D. would have been 历年四级例题97.1 ? 21. Until then, his family from him for six months. ? A. didn’t hear B. hasn’t been hearing C. hasn’t heard heard ?
22. The conference a full week by the time it ends. ? A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. would last
D. hadn’t
D. has lasted
40. Great as Newton was, many of his ideas today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. ? A. are to challenge B. may be challenged C. have been challenged D. are challenging 历年四级例题97.6 ? 45. It seems oil from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it right. ? A. had leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking ? 50. Once environmental damage , it takes many years for the system to recover. ? A. had done B. is to do C. does D. is done 历年四级例题98.6 41. The last half of the 19th century the steady improvement in the means of travel. A. has witnessed B. was witnessed C. witnessed D. is witnessed 53. If she doesn’t tell him the truth now, he’ll simply keep on asking her until she . A. does B. has done C. will do D. would do 历年四级例题99.1 ? 47. My train arrives in New York at 8 o’clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there by then. ? A. would leave B. will have left C. has left D. had left 历年四级例题2000.1 ? 41. She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she too long. ? A. has been reading B. is reading C. had read 历年四级例题2000.6 ? 41. “May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at 5 o’clock tonight?””I am sorry. Mr. Williams to a conference long before then.” A. had gone B. has gone C. would have gone gone Assignment
D. read
D. will have
1) I haven’t seen Mary these past few days. I am afraid she herself for some time. ? A. hasn’t been feeling B. isn’t feeling C. hadn’t been feeling D. wasn’t feeling ? 2) This is the first opportunity I of seeing how electricity is produced. ?
A. am having
B. will have
C. had
D. have had Assignment ? 3) Hand in your papers when you the test. ? A. have finished B. are finishing C. will finish D. will have finished ?
4) We our supper when Tom came to visit us. ? A. have just had B. just have had C. had just had D. had had just Assignment ? 5) He has been looking everywhere for you, and he . ? A. is still B. has still been C. still is D. still has been ? 6) I will certainly work all next week except when it . ? A. will be raining B. will rain C. would rain D. is raining Assignment ? 7) I suppose that when I come back in 10 years’time all these houses down. ? A. will have pulled B. will be pulling C. will have been pulled D. will be pulled ? 8) We to start our own business, but we never had enough money. ? A. have hoped B. had hoped C. would hope D. should hope Assignment ?
9) I bought a new bike last week, but I my old bike yet, so at the moment I have 2 bikes. ? A. did not sell B. had not sold C. do not sell D. have not sold ? 10) After he for 2 hours, Mr. Smith had a drink of water. ? A. lectured B. was lecturing C. has lectured D. had been lecturing
1
七年级英语语法----时态讲解及其练习 一、一般现在时 定义：表示经常、反复发生的动作，经常存在的状态或者习惯性动作（有时间规律发生的事情）的一种时间状态。（很拗口，但要学会就必须深刻体会，so please 将其狂读3遍） 具体用法 1、表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。（always, usually, often, sometimes, every day\ morning\ night\ evening\afternoon\week,） e.g. I go to school at 8:00 every morning. 2 表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征和状态及喜好等。 e.g She is 11 years old . I don’t like English. She can speak English well. 3表示客观事实和普遍真理。 e.g The earth moves around the sun. 基本结构构成 含有be（am、is 、are）动词的用法 肯定句：I am+其它 You \ they\ we are +其它 She \he \ it+is +其它 否定句：I am not+ 其它。 You \ they\ we are not +其它 She \he \ it+is +not +其它 一般疑问句及回答： Are you +其它？ 肯定回答：yes, I am. 否定回答：no, I am not. Are you\ they\ you+ 其它？ 肯定回答: yes,we \they are. 否定回答：no, we \they are not. Is she\ he \it+其它？ 肯定回答: yes,she \he \it is. 否定回答:no,she \he \it is not. 从上面结构中你能总结出be动词的用法吗？单数________，复数_________ ；我用_________，你用__________ ，______________-连着她他它。 含实义动词的结构：肯定句： 主语（I, we, you,they,）+动词原形+其它。
大学英语四级写作资料 一、大学英语四级考试大纲（2006 修订版）对写作的要求 写作选用考生所熟悉的题材。考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等，写出一篇不少于120词的短文。写作要求是思想表达准确、意义连贯、无严重语法错误。考试时间30分钟。 写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作，思想表达准确、意义连贯、无重大语法错误。写作部分考核的技能是： A.思想表达 1.表达中心思想 2.表达重要或特定信息 3.表达观点、态度等 B.篇章组织 4.围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点 5.连贯地组句成段，组段成篇 C.语言运用 6.运用恰当的词汇 7.运用正确的语法 8.运用合适的句子结构 9.使用正确的标点符号 10.运用衔接手段表达句间关系（如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等） D.写作格式 11.运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式 大学英语四级考试写作部分要求考生达到《教学要求》中的一般要求，即“能完成一般性写作任务，能描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生的事件等，能写常见的应用文，能就一般性话题或提纲在半小时内写出至少120词的短文，内容基本完整，用词恰当，语意连贯。能掌握基本的写作技能。” 二、四级考试写作评分标准 （1）本题满分为15分。 （2）阅卷标准共分四等：2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷1-2份。 （3）阅卷人根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数（如8分）相似，即定为该分数（即8分）； 若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数，则可以加一分（即9分）或减一分（即7分）。但不得加或减半分。（4）评分标准 ?2分：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或绝大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。 ?5分：基本切题。思想表达不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语法错误。 ?8分：基本切题。思想表达清楚，文章尚连贯，但语法错误较多，其中有一些是严重错误。 ?11分：切题。思想表达清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语法错误。 ?14分：切题。思想表达清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语法错误。仅有个别小错误。 ?注：白卷、所写内容与题目毫不相关或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分。 （5）字数不足应酌情扣分。 题目中给出主题句、起始句和结束句，均不得记入所写字数。 只写一段者：0-4分；只写两段者，0-9分（指规定三段的作文） （6）各档作文相当于百分制的得分，列表如下，称为得分率。其中9分的得分率为60分（相当于百分制的60分）。
英语专业四级语法词汇练习题（6） 所属：专四专八阅读：1021 次评论：7 条[我要评论] [+我要收藏] 有关否定 1)双重否定最常见的形式有： no(not)...but...没有……不…… no(not)...without...没有……不，除……不 no(not)...unless没有……就不…… not...until直到……才…… 例如：There is no one but knows it.没有一个人不知道此事。 2)can not与副词too,enough, sufficiently, over,too much等词连用时，意为“无论怎样也不过分”，“越…越”。例如： You cannot be too careful.你越仔细越好。 We cannot praise him too much.我们无论怎样赞扬他也不过分。 近义词辨析 break, crack, crush, shatter,break, smash 这组词均含有“打破”或“挤碎”的意思。 break 是这组词中最常用的，指使某件东西破碎。 If you break that vase, you’ll have to pay for it.如果打破了那只花瓶，你就得赔偿。crack 指打裂某物，但不一定打碎，因而通常不会成为碎片。 You may crack these nuts with a hammer.你可以用锤子把这些坚果敲开。 crush
强调挤压或踩的动作，毁坏程度取决于被压物的组织结构，或变形，或成小块，或可恢复原状。 To make wine, you first crush the grapes.若要造酒，需先将葡萄压碎。 shatter 打破某物，力大到使碎片飞出很远，常指整件东西完全被毁。 The explosion shattered most of the windows in the building.爆炸震碎了那座大楼 的大部分窗玻璃。smash 突出暴力，击打时动作较猛，被击打的东西往往完全报废。 He smashed the window with a brick.他用砖块击碎窗玻璃。 全真模拟试题 1. ____ native to North America, corn has now spread all over the world. A. In spite of B. That it is C. It was D. Although 2. Our civilization cannot be thought of as ____ in a short period of time. A. to have been created B. to becreated C. having been created D. beingcreated 3. We feel it is high time that the Government ____something to check the inflation. A. did B. do do D. would do 4. It has been proposed that we ____ our decision until the next meeting. C. can delay D. are to delay 5. Hurricanes are severe cyclones with winds over seventy-five miles an hour____ originate over tropical ocean waters. A. which B. who to 6. ____ is announced in the papers, our country has launched a large-scale movement against smuggling and fraudulent activities in foreign currency exchange deals.
英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。 （1）一般现在时 基本形式（以do为例）： 第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）； 肯定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他； He works for us. 否定句：主语＋don…t/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他； He doesn't work for us. 一般疑问句：Do/Does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。 肯定回答：Yes，（＋主语＋do/does）． 否定回答：No，（＋主语＋don't/doesn't.） 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语 Does he work for us? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't What does he do for us? He works for us. （2）一般过去时 be动词＋行为动词的过去式 否定句式：在行为动词前加didn…t，同时还原行为动词，或was／were＋not； was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词 例如：Did he work for us? He didn't work for us. He worked for us. （3）一般将来时 am／are／is＋going to＋do 或 will／shall＋do am/is/are/about to + do am/is/are to + do; 一般将来时的表达方法 be going to +动词原形 be +不定式,be to+动词原形,be about to ＋动词原形
课程教案 ——时态专题 模块一：现在进行时 Warm-up 请观察下列句子，并寻找其中的规律： 1.I'm drawing pictures. 2.I'm reading a book in the library. 3.She is jumping. 4.It's eating bananas. 5.They're climbing trees. 6.He is swimming. Presentation I. 现在进行时的定义：现在进行时一般表示正在进行的动作或事情，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 II. 请看下列例子： I am reading a book in the classroom. Mary is swimming in the sea. They are eating lunch now. 主语是实际的人/物/代词be动词要和主语一致动词的现在分词地点状语/时间状语通常 在句末 III．现在进行时的句型结构及举例： 句式句型结构及例子 肯定式主语+ be (am / is / are) + 动词的分词形式+ 其他Lucy is watching TV now. 否定式主语+ be (am / is / are) + not+ 动词的分词形式+ 其他I am not reading a book in the classroom. 一般疑问句式Be (am / is / are) +主语+ 动词的分词形式+ 其他—Are you having a picnic? —No, we aren’t. —Are they eating the honey? —Yes, they are. 疑问词+ be (am / is / are) +主语+ 动词的分词形式？
英语语法：初中英语动词时态和语态讲解 （一）动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。 英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。 1、一般现在时的用法 1）表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用often, usually, every day 等时间状语。例如： a. He goes to school every day. b. He is very happy. earth moves around the sun. 2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如： a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside. 3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。例如： a. The meeting begins at seven. b. The rain starts at nine in the morning. 4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。 a. I like English very much. b. The story sound very interesting. 5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。 2.一般现在时的用法 1）表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。 a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday. b. He worked in a factory in 1986. 2)表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to “ 和“would + 动词原形”。I used to smoke. During the vacation I wouldm in the sea. 注：”used to “ 表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。“would + 动词原形”没有“现在不再……”含义。另外“to be used to +名词（动名词）”表示“习惯于…..” a. I am used to the climate here. b. He is used tomming in winter. 3.一般将来时的用法 一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。其表达形式除了“ will 或shall + 动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。
第一章动词的时与体(Tense & Aspect) 时（tense）是个语法范畴，它是表示时间区别的动词形式。英语动词只有“现在时”和“过去时”，而没有“将来时”（在英语中，表示“将来”手段多种多样，但没有一种独特的、能与“现在时”和“过去时”平起平坐的专一表示“将来”的动词形式----“将来时”）。 体（aspect）也是一个语法范畴，它表示动作或过程在一定时间内处于何种状态的动词形式。英语有进行体(progressive aspect)和完成体(perfective aspect)。进行体是由助动词be的一定形式加主动词的-ing 分词构成；完成体由助动词have的一定形式加主动词的-ed分词构成。 现在时和过去时既可以单独使用，也可以和进行体或完成体结合使用，也可以同时与完成体和进行体结合使用。这样，英语的限定动词词组便有8种时、体形式。它们分别是：一般现在时(simple present)、一般过去时(simple past)、现在进行体(present progressive)、过去进行体(past progressive)、现在完成体(present perfective)、过去完成体(past perfective)、现在完成进行体(present perfective progressive)、过去完成进行体(past perfective progressive)。在这一章中，我们单独挑出完成体来加以详述。 1．1 必须使用完成体的结构 1）It (This, This evening, yesterday...) is (was, will be) first (second, third...) time (day, month…)…结构中的分句，要求用完成体。 Is this the first time you've been to Beijing? This was the first time he had been to Beijing. This is the eighth month that I have been out of work.. This was the eighth month that I had been out of work. This is the second time that the goods produced by our factory have been shown in the International Exhibition. This was the second time that the goods produced by our factory had been shown in the International Exhibition. 2）在no sooner…than, hardly/barely/scarcely…when,等的句型中，主句要用过去完成体。 He had no sooner seen me than he left the room. No sooner had he seen me than he left the room. The helicopter had hardly landed when the waiting crowd ran toward it. Scarcely had I seen the lightning when I heard a clap of thunder. 3）将来完成体用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。经常与before+将来时间或by+将来时间连用，也可与before或by the time引导的现在时的分句连用。 I will have finished all the work by the time you are back this evening. I am sure he will have left Paris by this time tomorrow. I hope we will have got all the information before you come tomorrow. By the time you get to New York, I _______for London. （2002年1月） A) would be leaving B) am leaving C) have already left D) shall have left 本题时间状语为by+将来时间，考察将来完成体用法，应选择D)。 By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ________here for two days.（2001年6月） A) have been staying B) have stayed C) shall stay D) will have stayed 将来完成体用来可以表示在将来某一时间以前一直持续的动作，本句话的意思是：我们将在这里呆两天，因此谓语动词用将来完成体，答案为D)。 1．2 现在完成体与现在完成进行体 现在完成进行体兼有现在完成体和现在进行体二者基本特点。由于它有现在完成体的特点，所以它
动词时态 一、一般现在时 1.定义：表示经常发生的情况、有规律出现的情况、总是发生的事和事实真理。 2.时间状语：Always，usually，often，sometimes，every week (day，year，month…），once a week(day，year，month…），on Sundays（on Mondays …）. 3.基本结构：主语+ do/does +其他；（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）。 4.否定形式：主语+ am/is/are + not + 其他（此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词）。 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 6.例句：（1）It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪。 （2）He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。 （3）Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。 二、一般过去时 1.定义：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 2.时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，last(year，night，month…），in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long ago，once upon a time. 3.基本结构：主语+ 动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词。 4.否定形式：主语+ was/were + not + 其他(在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词)。 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 6.例句：（1）She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。 （2）I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙。 三、一般将来时 1.定义：表示将要发生的动作、打算、计划或准备做某事。 2.时间状语：Tomorrow，soon，in a few minutes，the day after tomorrow，etc. 3.基本结构：（1）主语+ am/is/are + going to + do sth （2）主语+ will/shall + do + do sth 4.否定句：在系动词is/am/are或情态动词will/shall后加not 5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。{首字母大写} 6.例句：（1）They are going to have a competition with us in studies. 他们将有一场比赛和我们一起研究。 （2）It is going to rain.天要下雨了。 四、一般过去将来时 1.定义：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 2.时间状语：The next day (morning \，year…），the following month(week…），etc. 3.基本结构：主语+ was/were + going to + do + 其它；主语+ would/should + do +其它 4.否定形式：主语+ was/were + not + going to + do; 主语+ would/should + not + do.
大学英语四级常考语法总结 一、虚拟语气。应着重复习能引起虚拟语气的某些介词、介词短语和连词(如lest, in case, otherwise等);一部分表示建议、主张、命令等概念的词语，由于本身隐含说话人的主观愿望，其后的主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句往往采用“should+动词原形”;虚拟倒装句;在would rather, wish, as if, it’s time that等句型中使用适当形式表达主观愿望;混合虚拟句。 二、独立主格题。一般说来，在句子中没有连接词的情况下，逗号是无力连接两个句子的，其中一个分句要么是非谓语形式，要么是独立主格结构。两种结构都做状语，不同的是独立主格结构有自己的逻辑主语。 三、时态。英语中共有16个时态。四级考试中出现最多的是将来完成时、现在完成时、过去完成时和完成进行时。 四、名词性从句。形容词性的定语从句是考核的重点，用什么引导词，引导词前面的介词形式，引导词在从句中做什么成分，从句的语序等均有可能成为考点。此外，主语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句也应适当复习。 五、主谓一致。这类考题灵活性大，需要根据实际情况判断谓语动词的单复数形式。一部分具有生命意义的集合名词做主语时谓语动词多采用复数形式，如people, poultry, militia等;用and连接的成分表单一概念时谓语动词用单数;就近原则：主语中含有某些连词(如as well as, besides, in addition to等)时，谓语动词的数同第一个主语保持一致。
六、倒装结构。分为全部倒装和部分倒装。那些否定词(组)、介词短语能引起倒装句，部分倒装和全部倒装有和区别，as在倒装结构中的用法及意义等等，都是考生应当重视的地方。 七、非谓语动词。①根据非谓语动词同其所修饰的名词或逻辑主语的一致关系，确定使用主动语态或被动语态，然后考虑采用现在分词、现在分词被动式或过去分词;②非谓语动词同主句谓语动词动作发生的先后关系。动作正在进行的用现在分词进行式，同时发生或不分先后发生的用现在现在分词一般式或过去分词;在主句谓语动词之前发生的用现在分词完成式、不定式完成式;发生在主句谓语动词之后的多用不定式一般式;③表状态多用分词，表目的多用不定式。
Exercise for Subject-verb Concord 1. Which of the following sentences is incorrect A. His sister rather than his parents is at home now. B. Every boy and every girl are excited to hear the news. C. His thanks were really sincere. D. Either Jack or John knows the truth. 2. Which of the following sentences is incorrect A. Poultry are very expensive in the city. B. New machinery were introduced in the factory. C. The police are investigating the murder case. D. The militia were called out to rescue flood victims. 3. Which of the following sentences is grammatically incorrect A. Politics are the art or science of government. B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me. C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged. 4. Which of the following sentences is grammatically incorrect A. Physics is an important school subject. B. The United States borders Canada. C. The Niagara Falls is in North America. D. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. 5. Which of the following sentences is incorrect A. Only one out of six were present at the meeting. B. Ten dollars was stolen from the cash register. C. Either my sister or my brother is coming. D. Five miles seem like a long walk to me. 6. Which of the following sentences is grammatically incorrect A. John, rather than his roommates, is to blame. B. Either Tina or Carol are sure to know the answer. C. Three pints is not enough to get him drunk. D. Forty-five percent of the doctors were woman. 7. Which of the following sentences is grammatically incorrect A. This pair of trousers costs fifty dollars. B. Either my grandsons or their father is coming. C. The British police has only very limited powers. D. A committee of twelve men is to discuss the matter. 8. All President’s Men one of the important books for scholars who study the Watergate Scandal. A.remains B. remained C. remain D. remaining 9. Two years a long time for a patient who has to lie in bed, and do nothing. A. are B. is C. were D. was Answers: 1-5 b b a c d 6-9 b c a b
小学英语语法时态讲解与归纳—一般现在时 一、一般现在时： 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 二. 构成及变化 1.be动词的变化。 肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。 l、当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do 肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school. 否定句：主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。如：we don’t play basketball after school. 一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它? 如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句？ 如： What do you often do after school ? 3、当主语为第三人称单数时 , 助动词为does 肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well. 否定句：主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesn’t swim well.. 一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。 如：Does he swim well ?
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 ④在same和such之后，定语从句用as引导， 如：Let’s discuss only such questions as concern us. 让我们只讨论与我们有关的问题。 I’ve never heard such stories as he tells. 我从来没听说过他讲的这种故事。 I shall be surprised if he does this in the same way as I do. 如果他做这件事的方法和我一样，那就奇怪了。 She works in the same office as I do. 她和我在同一个办公室工作。 She wears the same kind of clothes as her sister does. 她姐妹俩穿同样的衣服。 He’s wearing the same dress as he wore at Mary’s wedding. 他穿着与他在Mary的婚礼上穿的一样的衣服。 This is the same watch as I have lost. 这块表和我丢的那块一样。 I’ve never seen such kind of people as they are. 我从来没见过像他们这样的人。 I’ve never seen such kind people as they are. 我从来没见过象他们这样厚道的人。 I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in china. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。 但是，如果从句和主句的动作在将来不同的时间发生，则两部分都要用来将来时， 注：④在same和such之后，定语从句用as引导， 偶尔，the same 后面也用that， 如：He’s wearing the same suit that he wore at Mary’s wedding. 他穿着与他在Mary的婚礼上穿的一样的衣服。 She works in the same office that I do. 她和我在同一个办公室工作。 This is the same watch that I have lost. 这块表和我丢的那块一样。 as 引导非限定性定语从句即可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时，后面常接下列句型。如：as is known, as is said, as is reported as is announced 等。 例如：As we all know, Mr. Wang is a good teacher.
英语专业四级语法练习题 Mary is _______ than Alice.(1992) A. more experienced a teacher B. a more experienced teacher C. more an experienced teacher D. more experienced teacher an experienced teacher, 比较级加在形容词前，因此B。 _______ the two, Bob is ________ student.(1995) A. Of, more diligent B. In, more diligent C. Of, the more diligent D. In, the more diligent the ＋比较级＋of the two，因此C。 Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _______ Eastern Nebraska.(1996) A. in B. it receives in C. does D. it does in 完整形式应该是：than Eastern Nebraska receives snow，省去了部分谓语，保留了主语和助动词，可以倒装，因此C。 The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great more luxurious than _______.(1998) A. is necessary B. being necessary C. to be necessary D. it is necessary 这个句子是一个由than引导的比较状语从句，既然是从句那么可以排除BC；than引导的从句中省略了的主语应该是the indoor swimming pool，为避免重复，一般省略，不需要用it 来指代。A。 There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than ______ in the public mind today.(1999) A. exists B. exist C. existing D. to exist 省略了的主语是anxiety，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数：A The experiment requires more money than _______.(2002) A. have been put in B. being put in C. has been put in D. to be put in than引导的从句中省略了的主语应该是money，因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数，C。The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of a fully-loaded truck, _______ to the truck.(2003) A. the greater stress is B. greater is the stress C. the stress is greater D. the greater the stress “地表和载满货物卡车的接触面越小，卡车对地面的压强就越大。”A。as Some dieters find that after their dieting is over, they ate twice _______ they did before their diet. (1993) A. more than B. as many as C. much than D. as much as D,“饭量是以前的两倍”。A是指“三倍”，不合常理。 Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner ___ to the professor. (1998) A. as far as B. the same as C. as much as D. as long as C，as much as“达到与……一样的程度”，完整的后半个句子应是：language belongs to the cleaner as much as it belong to the professor “语言属于社会的每个成员，既属于清洁工，也属于教授”；as far as“一直到某个程度”；the same as“与……一样”；表示“清洁工和教授是一样的”，意思不妥；as long as“只要”。 She did her work ______ her manager had instructed.(2002)
英语语法16种时态经典总结(收藏版) 一般完成进行完成进行 现在现在一般时 do 现在完成时 have done 现在进行时 is doing 现在完成进行时 have been doing 过去过去一般时 did 过去完成时 had done 过去进行时 was doing 过去完成进行时 had been doing 将来将来一般时 will do 将来完成时 will have do ne 将来进行时 will be doi ng 将来完成进行时 will have been d oing 过去将来过去将来一 般时 would do 过去将来完成 时 would have d one 过去将来进 行时 would be do ing 过去将来完成进行 时 would have been doing
16种时态形式(以do为例)： 注：构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has, have), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。 在这16种时态中，其中有8种时态是最重要的，也是用得最多的，是初学者必须要掌握的，它们是一般现在时(也称一般现在时)、一般过去时(也称一般过去时)、一般将来时(也称一般将来时)、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来一般时(也称过去将来时)，其余的时态相对用得较少。 1. 一般现在时 用法： A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。 C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。） D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于