Unit 1
state [n] 状态，情况
2007 年阅读Text 4
The current state of affairs may have been encouraged—though not justi?ed—by the lack of legal penalty (in America, but not Europe) for data leakage.
尽管数据泄露没有受到法律惩罚（在美国，而不是欧洲），但可能鼓励了当前的事态发展。
statistical adj. 统计的；统计学的
2007 年阅读Text 2
Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100.
像vos Savant那么高的分数再也不可能出现了，这是因为现在的计分建立在同龄人的人口分布统计数字的基础之上，而不仅仅是用智力年龄除以生理年龄再乘以100。
statement n. ( 正式的口头或书面) 陈述，声明；( 意见或观点的) 表现，表达
2012 年阅读text 2
A string of accidents, including the partial collapse of a cooling tower in 2007 and the discovery of an underground pipe system leakage, raised serious questions about both Vermont Yankee’s safety and Entergy’s management especially after the company made misleading statements about the pipe. 【译文】包括2007年冷却塔部分倒塌以及一处地下管道泄露等一系列事故的发生，使人们对佛蒙特州扬基核电站的安全性及Entergy 公司的管理提出了严重质疑——特别是在该公司针对其管道发布了误导性声明之后。
【析句】多重复合句中，主句为A string of accidents raised serious questions about...,including the partial collapse...and the discovery...是现在分词作定语，修饰accidents；破折号后，especially after the company made...作时间状语从句，表示强调。
overstate v. 夸张，夸大地叙述
2010年阅读Text 4
It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets.
正是这些银行的想法不切实际，它们的账目上充斥着估值过高的资产。
status [n]地位
2013年阅读Text 4
However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.
句子的主干是the Justices said。句首However 表示转折，that 引导的宾语从句作said 的直接宾语，关系代词who，修饰限定people。
但是，大法官们说，将允许亚利桑那州州警在执法时核实相关人员的合法身份。
assert v. 坚称；断言；表明
2013年阅读Text 4
The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either.
主句：The Administration（主）wasin essence（状）asserting（谓）；字面含义：管理者／本质上／在宣称；理解为：政府实际上是在宣称
was asserting的宾语从句：that ... no state（主）should be allowed（谓）to do so either（主补）；字面含义：没有哪个州／被允许／也这么做；理解为：也不允许各州这么做
because引导是宾语从句中的原因状语，because（引导词）it（主，指The Administration）didn’t want to carry out（谓）Congress’s immigration wishes（宾）；字面含义：因为／它／不愿意执行／国会关于移民的愿望；理解为：由于它不想践行国会有关移民的设想publication n. 出版；发行；出版物；公布
2013 年阅读Text 3
That’s one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future. Republican [adj] ( 美国) 共和党的
2012 年阅读Text 4
In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hard-line Republican governor.
flaw n. 瑕疵；缺点
2006年阅读新题型
Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.
由于科学或所谓”科学“的推动，社会正在把这种行为重新归类。曾经被认为性格缺陷和道德败坏，现在已经被划为病态人格的范畴，与生理残疾类似。
meaningless adj. 没有意义的；不重要的
2006年阅读Text 4
But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s ?owers of evil.
但是从19世纪的某个时期开始，越来越多的艺术家开始把幸福看成是无意义的、虚伪的——最糟糕的是—无聊至极的，这种变化从华兹华斯的《水仙》到波德莱尔的《恶之花》中都可以看出。
meaningfully adv. 有意图地；有意义地；重要地
2007年阅读Text 1
And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice.
Ericsson确信，学会如何进行有意义的信息编码的最佳途径是一个被称为“刻意练习”的过程。live [adj] 现场演出的
2011年阅读Text 1
These recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher inartistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed”at a time and place of the listener’s choosing.
【分析】并列句。由分号连接的两个并列句。第一个分句的主干为 These recordings are cheap，available...andvery often much higher in..., and 连接的三个形容词成分作并列的表语，第三个表语中又包含 muchhigher...than...比较结构。第二个分句的主干为 they canbe "consumed"，介词短语 at choosing 作状语。
live off：依赖……生活，依赖
2006年阅读Text 2
And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.
另一个就是小镇上的居民，他们大部分依靠游客的钱来维持生计，这些游客来这里并不是要看戏剧，而是来看安妮?海瑟薇的小屋（莎士比亚妻子的旧居）、莎士比亚的出生地以及其他景点的。
federal 联邦的
2013 年阅读Text 4
In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law.
the majority（主语）overturned（谓语）three of the four contested provisions（宾语）of Arizona’s controversial plan（定语,修饰provisions) to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law（不定式做定语,修饰plan）
译文：
外界褒贬不一的建议由州内和地方警力来执行联邦移民法的亚利桑那州四个议案,其中的三个议案被多数票否决.
mark [v] 在(商品)上贴价格(或质量等)标签
2010 年阅读Text 4
America’s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers ?nd attractive.
美国收购有毒资产的新计划只有在银行将资产定价在足够吸引买家的水平上才会有效。marked adj. 显著的，明显的；有记号的
2014年翻译
There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young.
stressed-out：因心理紧张而被压垮的
2008年阅读Text 1
In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.
在其中的一些研究中，当人们把压力过重的雌鼠的卵巢（雌性生殖器官）移除时，它们体内的化学反应就会变得和雄鼠一样。
Unit 2
peer [n] 同龄人
2007 年阅读Text 2
Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100.
像vos Savant那么高的分数再也不可能出现了，这是因为现在的计分建立在同龄人的人口分布统计数字的基础之上，而不仅仅是用智力年龄除以生理年龄再乘以100。
issue [v] 发，发放
2006年阅读新题型
The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a “Fun Card”, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user’s gambling activities.
作为一个优质消费者，赌场发给他一张娱乐卡。在赌场使用该卡时，可以获得积分换取食物和饮料，赌场可以通过这张卡来记录使用者的赌博活动。
tissue n. 组织；薄的纱织品；面巾纸
2008年阅读Text 3
Growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and nutrients—notably, protein—to feed expanding tissues.
20岁之后人很少继续长高，长高需要热量和营养物质——特别是蛋白质——以满足身体组织生长的需要。
disclaim v. 放弃；拒绝承认；否认；放弃权利
2008年翻译
He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley.
acclaim [v]称赞
2010年阅读新题型
At any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.
换言之，由买者而非卖者决定买什么。无论如何，不管现在的消费模式还将延续多久，这种变化将最终受到越来越多国内外消费者的欢迎。
patent [n] 专利
2010 年阅读Text 2
Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods.
在过去的十年中，成千上万的专利权授予给了所谓的商业方法
court [n] 法院
2013 年阅读Text 4
On a ?ve to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday—a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration.
hardline adj. 强硬的
2010年阅读Text 4
In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor.
decline v./n. 下降衰退减少
2013年阅读Text 3
Look up Homo sapiens in the “Red List”of threatened species of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: “Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline.”
译文：在世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)的濒危物种《红色名录》上查阅智人这一词条，你将会看到：属于无危物种，因为这一物种分布非常广泛，适应性强，目前数量呈增长趋势，并且尚未出现会使其总体数量下降的重大威胁。
分析：本句表面看是and连接的两个并列句Look up Homo sapiens and you will read ，但在第二个并列句中，read后面引号内的宾语成分包含了多个句子，增加了理解上的难度。宾语Listed as Least Concern 省略了主语Homo sapiens，后面由as引导的原因状语从句说明了Listed as Least Concern的原因，而该状语从句中包含了由and连接的两个并列句，后一个句子的主干为there are no major threats，其后的分词短语resulting in an overall population decline是threats的后置定语，相当于一个定语从句which result in an overall population decline。
outline n.轮廓;大纲;概要;略图
2008年阅读新题型
Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you.
【分析】并列句。but连接两个转折关系的并列分句，第二个分句为祈使句。
【译文】你的写作提纲应该指引你从一个点自然过渡到下一个点，但却不束缚你的思路。
【点拨】l)conduct可作名词和动词，有“管理,指导,实施,进行,指挥,引路”等含义，句中该词为动词，意为“指导,指引”。2)railroad作名词的情况较常见，意为“铁路;铁路公司”；句中该词为动词，意为“强迫”。
lineage [n]血统
2009年阅读Text 2
Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited
through men in a father’s line or mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down only from mothers. 然而大多数血统检测只考虑某个单一系统，或者从父亲身上继承Y染色体，或者是只由母亲遗传的线粒体DNA。
overvalue v. 对……估价过高；过分重视
2010年阅读Text 4
It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets.
正是这些银行的想法不切实际，它们的账目上充斥着估值过高的资产。
Interview [n] 面试
2004年阅读Text 2
Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.
求职面试、选举投票、会议发言或参加会议等诸多名单，都是按字母表顺序排列的，而当接收者费力地翻看这些东西的时候，到后面就兴趣全无了。
perspective [n]角度
2013 年阅读Text 3
This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad.
Fad = mad
collective [adj] 集体的；共同的
2012年阅读Text 3
But it takes collective scrutiny and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery.
economic [adj] 经济的
2009 年阅读Text 3
We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don’t force it.
我们不得不怀疑，即便政府不强制推行教育，持续的经济增长也会促进教育发展。
financial [adj]财务的
2015年阅读Text 2
A smart phone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence.
considerable [adj] 相当大(或多) 的
2008年翻译
Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very great, delight.
considering [prep]考虑到；就…而论
2011年阅读Text 4
No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet
to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own”(read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.
【翻译】如果考虑一下在没有配偶依靠的情况下抚养一个孩子会有多大的工作量，这并不令人震惊；然而，听桑德拉和布兰妮说（的那口气），依靠“他们自己”抚养一个孩子，简直是小菜一碟。
【分析】本句在分号前后，是两个并列分句。
第一个分句比较简化，只有名词词组加分词短语，这实际是省略：It is no shock there, considering...
第二分句含有一个不定式，放在句首作条件状语。
1. it is much work to raise a kind：抚养一个孩子是很大的工作量。
真实主语：to raise a kind；形式主语：it
把it is much work to raise a kind变成疑问句（或感叹句）——然后，充当considering的宾语。
2. yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it：yet = but。不定式放在句首，主要作用是充当“目的状语”，偶尔可以充当“条件状语”，本句就是“条件状语”。
yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their "own" is a piece of cake.
【翻译】要是听听桑德拉和布兰妮说（的那口气），依靠“自己”抚养一个孩子，简直是小菜一碟。
又如：
To hear you talk, I would think you were Prime Minister. 听你谈话(那口气), 我还以为你是首相呢。
Unit 3
subject [v] 使服从
2012 年完型
At the very least, the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary.
be subject to：遭受；承受
2009 年阅读Text 2
In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.
此外，公司用来测试血缘关系的电脑程序可能申请了专利，同行之间不能进行相互审查或外界评估。
leading adj. 卓越的；最重要的
2011 年阅读新题型
However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess.
intend v.想要；打算；企图
2012 年阅读Text 2
Either Entergy never really intended to
live by those commitments, or it simply didn’t foresee what would happen next.
lead [v] 通向；带来
2013 年阅读Text 3
Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.
plead [v] 请求；恳求
2012 年阅读Text 1
“Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!”pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers—teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in.
“勇于不同,请不要吸烟”,一个旨在减少青少年吸烟的广告运动恳请道,因为青少年最大的愿
望就是融入群体（暗示吸烟在青少年中是一种潮流）.
sector n. ( 经济的) 部门；行业；领域
2012 年阅读Text 4
But many within the public sector suffer
under the current system, too.
account [n] 解释；说明
2010 年翻译
It is painful to read these roundabout accounts today.
account [n] 账户
2014 年阅读Text 3
Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs.
take into account：考虑到；体谅
2006 年阅读Text 6
Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account.
Dr. Myers 和Dr. Worm认为，他们的研究给出了一个正确的（捕捞）基准线，它是未来管理层必须加以考虑的事情。
leave sth. out of account：不考虑
2009年翻译
The need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account.
consumption n. 消费；消耗
2011 年完型
But despite some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does produce short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, boosting heart rate and oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to sustain, a good laugh is unlikely to have manageable benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.
essay n. 论文；杂文；散文；(学生就某门课程所写的) 论说文，短文
2010 年阅读Text 1
Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket.
matter [v] 要紧；有关系
2007 年阅读Text 2
Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip.
任何一个考过SAT 的人都可以证实，考试技巧也很重要，无论是知道该何时猜测以及应忽略什么问题。
fund [v] 拨款，为……提供资金
2014 年阅读Text 3
Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs.
stakeholder n. 利益相关人；股东
2011 年阅读Text 3
Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product.
withstand v. 经受住；承受；顶住
2008 年阅读Text 3
Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain inflicted by oversize limbs.
此外，尽管人类直立行走已达数百万年之久，但是我们的脚和背部始终在与两足站立的姿势相斗争，并且很难承受过大的四肢反复施加的压力。
function [n] 职责
2006 年翻译
His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
1. 句子结构分析
His function is analogous to that of a judge 是句子主语，其后的 who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led
him to his decision 为非限制性定语从句，用于修饰名词a judge，在该定语从句中又包含有另一定语从句which led him to his decision（修饰名词course）。
2. that 的用法
在主句His function is analogous to that of a judge中，that 为替代词，用于替代function。类似例句如：
Is Jim’s case analogous to that of John Brown? 吉姆的案子与约翰·布朗案相似吗？
The company is in a position closely analogous to that of its main rival. 该公司与主要竞争对手的处境极为相似。
They saw the relationship between a ruler and his subjects as analogous to that of father and children. 他们认为统治者和臣民的关系可比拟成父亲和孩子的关系。
3. function 的理解
主句中的function 在此不表示“功能”，而表示“职责”。又如：
I'm not quite sure what my function is within the company. 我拿不太准自己在公司里有什么职责。
In your new job you will perform a variety of functions. 在新的工作岗位上，你将要履行许多不同的职责。
5. revealing 的理解
定语从句中的revealing 是及物动词，它的宾语是the course of reasoning，两者之间被方式状语in as obvious a manner as possible 隔开。reveal 的本义是“使显露，展现，显示”，在这里可理解为“告诉大家”。
6. accept 的理解
句中的accept 在此不表示“接受”，而表示“承担”。又如：
He accepts full responsibility for what happened. 他承认对所发生的事负完全责任。
You have to accept the consequences of your actions. 你得对你的行为后果负责。
The University will not accept responsibility for items lost or stolen. 物品遗失或被窃，大学概不负责。
句子大意：他的职责与法官的职责相似，他必须承担这样的责任：用尽可能清楚明了的方式来告诉大家自己做出决定的推理过程。
evidence [n] 根据；证据；形迹，迹象
2012 年阅读Text 4
Even though there is plenty of`evidence that the quality of` the teachers is the most important variable, teachers’unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones.
【分析】多重复合句。主句主干是teachers' unions have fought against...。even though 引导让步状语从句，该从句中含有that 引导的同位语从句，对evidence 作进一步解释说明。动名词短语getting rid of...good ones作against 的宾语。
【译文】虽然有充分的证据表明，教师的素质是最重要的可变因素，但是教务工会却反对开除差教师、提拔好教师。
【点拨】1）variable 作形容词时意为“可变的，易变的”，作名词时意为“变量，可变因素”。2）promote“提拔，提升”。
perform [v] 执行；履行；演出；表演
2011 年阅读Text 1
To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music.
note [v] 注意
2006 年阅读Text 1
Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks.
Rodriguez指出，世界各地偏远乡村的儿童都是Arnold Schwarzenegger和Garth Brooks 这样的超级明星的粉丝，然而一些美国人担心，居住在美国境内的移民在某种程度上不受这个国家同化作用的影响。
Unit 4
agreement n. 协定；一致；同意
2008 年阅读Text 2
There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements.
一种是大订单模式：机构用户通过签订网络通行协议进行支付，即可在网上阅读一批在线期刊文章的题目。
concern [n] 顾虑
2012 年阅读Text 2
Certainly, there are valid concerns about the patchwork regulations that could result if every state sets its own rules.
例如：Certainly, there are valid concerns about thepatchwork regulations that could result if everystate sets its own rules.
that could result 可能导致的
if every states sets its own rules 如果各个州设立不同的法律
patchwork regulations 胡乱拼凑/零散的法律
There are valid concerns 担心不无道理
concerns about patchwork regulations 担心的是什么?是胡乱拼凑/零散的法律
patchwork regulations that could results if if every states sets its own rules 进一步解释胡乱拼凑/零散的法律怎么产生?这是允许各个州设立不同的法律可能产生的后果
【译文】当然，有人担心如果各州都设立自己的法规，那么就会产生胡乱拼凑的法律，这种担心不无道理。
concerned [adj] 关注的
2014 年阅读Text 1
On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms”to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidies laziness.
单词速记】concern 关心；chancellor 大臣，部长；complete 完成；reform 改革；obvious 明显的；indulgent 放纵的；demand 要求；effort 努力；subside 平息，减弱
【语法难点】
这句话的主干其实非常短：this was the socially concerned chancellor. 主干句的左边是介词短语构成的状语“on first hearing”；主干句后面是由非谓语动词trying引出的定语从句，用来修饰chancellor：(who is) trying to change lives for the better, complete with "reforms" to an obviously indulgent system.定语从句到了system，又嵌入了一层定语从句that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsides laziness,用来修饰system.
【翻译赏析】
乍一听，这是位关心社会的大臣，他努力改善人们的生活，包括对一个明显放纵的体系的“改革”，这个体系不要求新失业者付出多少努力去找工作，为其懒惰埋单。
allow 允许；同意；考虑
2013 年阅读Text 1
In the last decade or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. productive adj. 富有成效的；多产的；有益的；具有创造性的
2009 年阅读Text 3
Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.
只有当人类开始更高效地获取食物时，才有时间做其它的事情。
productivity n. 生产力；生产率；生产能力
2009 年阅读Text 3
As education improved, humanity's productivity potential increased as well.
随着教育的进步，人类的生产潜力也增加了。
level[n] 等级，级别
2012 年阅读Text 4
At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome.
译文：在州这一级别，他们的影响力甚至有可能更加可怕。
low-level adj. 低水平的；低级别的；次要的
2007 年阅读Text 4
Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety.
迄今为止，数据保护工作一直由那些临时的低层数据技术人员来承担，并且仅被视为是信息资源丰富产业所关切的一个问题，比如银行业、电信业以及航空业等，如今，数据保护则成为各行业老板议事日程中头等大事。
effort[n] 努力
2013 年阅读Text 1
Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.
make efforts to 努力做
spare no efforts to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事（=try one’sbest）
curb [k??b]vt. 控制；勒住
Lasting ['lɑ?st??]adj. 持久的；永恒的
1、句子主干：Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer
2、Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment 让步状语
including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line举例
尽管几大时装厂商都在设法减轻劳工和环境的压力，H&M甚至发起了“自觉环保”行动，不过席琳认为除非消费者们改变观念，否则还是白费力气。
inferiority n. 劣势；劣等；下等；次级；自卑情绪，自卑感
2011 年翻译
This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.
主干识别: This seems a justification for neglect and a rationalization
其他成分：of those in need 定语
of exploitation 定语
of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom 定语
翻译点拨：词汇点拨：
Justification 证明….正当
Rationalization 证明…合理
Exploitation 剥削
Superiority 优越
Inferiority 劣势，弱势
成分的点拨：
这句话的翻译难点在于不能按英文的成分来翻译，需要将英文的成分转换为中文的成分。
This seems a justification for neglect of those in need.
直接按原来成分翻译为：
这似乎是对于那些有需要的人的忽视的证明。
名词转译为动词：
这种说法似乎使我们可以很正当的去忽视那些需要帮助的人
同样的方法处理后半句：
a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.
去使剥削合理化，使上层人的变得更优越，而底层人变得更加弱势。
参考译文：这种说法似乎使我们可以很正当的去忽视那些需要帮助的人，去使剥削合理化，使上层人的变得更优越，而底层人变得更加弱势。
inferior adj. 低等的；劣等的；差的，次的
2011 年阅读Text 1
According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?
[A] They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.
[B] They are easily accessible to the general public.
[C] They help improve the quality of music.
[D] They have only covered masterpieces.
professional [adj] 专业的
2007 年阅读Text 1
If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.
如果你再查一下为世界杯和职业球队输送球员的欧洲国家青年队，你会发现这一奇怪的现象变得更加明显了。
provide [v] 提供
2011 年阅读Text 3
The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.
译文：同样迅猛的技术改革为营销人员提供了更多的(以及更多样化的)通讯方式，同时也加大了风险，因为情绪激动的消费者会以更快、更明显且破坏性比以往要大得多的方式表达他们的意见。
分析：本句的主干为The same dramatic technological changes…have also increased the risk…。第一个that引导的定语从句修饰的是先行词changes，从句中的谓语为have provided，使用了固定结构provide sb. with sth.。第二个that引导的同位语从句修饰的是主干的宾语，说明the risk的具体内容。该同位语从句的主语为passionate consumers，谓语为will voice，宾语为their opinions，而in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways在该从句中充当方式状语。
professionalize v. 使……职业化；使……
专业化
2011 年阅读新题型
Besides professionalizing the professions by this separation, top American universities have professionalized the professor.
professionalism n. 职业化；专业化
2011 年阅读新题型
Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969, a third of American professors did not possess one.
专业化使得博士学位成为成功学术生涯的先决条件
provider n. 提供者；供应商
2011 年阅读Text 3
This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further.
词汇：1.infancy 初期
2.effectively 实际上
3. begin with 开始于
4.retailer 零售商
5.provider 提供商
6.such as 像
7.airline 航空公司
8.hotel 酒店
9.no doubt 无疑地
10.further 更远地
主干：This trend effectively（状）began with （谓1）retailers and travel providers （宾）and （并列谓语）will go further（谓2）
定语从句：which we believe状（插入语）is still in its infancy补（介词短语）its回指This trend
同位语：such as airlines and hotels
状语：no doubt
参考译文：这种趋势实际上（effectively ）开始于零售商和像（such as）航空、酒店这样的旅游服务提供商，我们相信这种趋势仍处于初始阶段。但是，这种趋势无疑会走得更远。
offer v. 提供；给予
2014 年阅读Text 1
You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life.
challenge[v]怀疑；质疑(真实性、价值、权威等)
2012 年阅读Text 2
Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not: challenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running.
【分析】多重复合句。句子主干为 the company hasdone...what...，其中 what 引导宾语从句，该从句中又包含省略了引导词的从句 it would not 作 promised 的宾语，冒号后的内容是对该宾语从句的进一步解释说明。as part of...running 作定语，修饰 challenge the court。
【译文】相反，Entergy 公司做了他们一直承诺不会做的事情，在联邦法庭对哦佛蒙特州的法规是否符合宪法提出了质疑，这是该公司为使佛蒙特州扬基核电站得以持续运作铤而走险的做法之一。
challenge[n] 挑战
2014 年阅读Text 4
Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.
Unit 5
deal[n] 程度
2007 年阅读Text 3
From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. 从中产阶层家庭的角度来看，可以理解的是，这种现象似乎远不像一个承担更多经济责任的机会，而非常像是一个将经济风险大规模转移到他们已经不堪重负的肩膀上的可怕的加速过程。dealing [n.] 行为；交易；交往
2009 年翻译
If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect, we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.
【结构分析】
1. 本句为典型的多重复合句。
2. if引导条件状语从句，其中包含that引导的宾语从句，做realizing的宾语。
3. 主句主干为we may believe that……，其中that引导的从句做believe的宾语。
【词的处理】
humanity n. 人类；人道；仁慈
make some headway 取得一定的进展
ultimate adj. 最终的
human effect 人文作用
lesson n. n. 教训；经验
译文1：每个机构的最终价值在于其独特的人文影响，如果人类在这一认识上能更进一步，我们或许就完全相信这一经验主要是通过与年轻人的交往得到的。
译文2：如果人类能进一步认识到每个机构的最终价值在于其独特的人文影响，我们或许就完全相信这一经验主要是通过与年轻人的交往得到的。
infrastructure [n] 基础设施
2009 年阅读新题型
All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence.
【分析】复合句。句子主干为 this clearly seems to be amarket。in which 引导定语从句修
饰 market;从句中主语为 big retailers，谓语为 could profitably apply，宾语为三个并列成分；their gigantic scale, existinginfrastructure 和 proven skills。in the management of...
作 proven skills 的后置定语。
【译文】总之，很显然，在这一市场中大的零售商可以利用庞大的规模、现有的基础设施以及在产品范围、物流、营销情报方面出色的管理技能而获利。
define [adj] 下定义的
2007 年阅读Text 2
The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests
are not given as often as they used to be.
人类有关智力的定义性术语似乎仍然是智商分数，即使人们并不像以前那样经常进行智商测试content [n] 满意
2007 年阅读新题型
Even if a job’s starting salary seems too small to satisfy an emerging adult’s need for rapid content, the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move.
让步状语从句：Even if a job’s starting salary seems too small tosatisfy an emerging adult’s need for rapid content
主语：the transition from school to work
系动词：can be
表语：less of a setback
条件状语从句：if the start-up adult is ready for the move
虽然工作的起薪好像很低，难以满足一个即将成年的孩子实现自我满足的需求，但是如果这个准成年人已经做好了准备，那么他在从学校向职场的转变中遭遇的挫折也许会少些。
content[n] ( 教育项目或课程的) 内容
2014 年阅读Text 4
The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits.
主句
The commissionignoresthat...
主语谓语宾语从句
宾语从句
thatAmerica‘s colleges and universitieshave producedgraduates...
从属连词主语谓语宾语
定语从句
whodon‘t knowthe content and character...andare deprived ofits benefits.
从属连词谓语1 宾语1 从属连词谓语2 宾语2
本句为复合句。主句意为“委员会忽略……”。that 引导宾语从句，表示“委员会忽略的内容”，该宾语从句包含who 引导的定语从句，修饰限定graduates，表示“什么样的毕业生”，其中该定语从句中包含两套主谓结构，of liberal education 为介词短语作后置定语，修饰限定先行词the contentand character，意为“人文教育的内容和特征”；are deprived of 为固定搭配，意为“被剥夺”，引申为“无法享受到”。
immigration n. 移居；移民
2013 年阅读Text 4
In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. the majority（主语）overturned（谓语）three of the four contested provisions（宾语）of Arizona’s controversial plan（定语,修饰provisions) to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law（不定式做定语,修饰plan）
译文：
外界褒贬不一的建议由州内和地方警力来执行联邦移民法的亚利桑那州四个议案,其中的三个
议案被多数票否决.
emigrate [v.] 移居国外；移民
2009 年阅读Text 4
A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs of sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope.
一个名叫John Dane的裁缝于17世纪30年代末移民至新大陆，他留下一个记录，解释了他离开英格兰的原因，其内容充满了预兆。
potential[adj] 潜在的；可能的
2005 年阅读新题型
Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.
而且基本经济学原理也表明，潜在的顾客群如果越大，讨得低价的可能性就越高。
massive[adj] 大量的
2013 年阅读Text 1
For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt
in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals. 【答】1. 本句order 是动词，跟rely 和use 是3个并列的谓语部分，must rely..., order..., and use...，为何要加s 呢？
2. that strain natural resources 是定语从句，修饰vlomumes，意为：使自然资源紧张（订购规模）。in volumes 意为“大额地”，是程度状语，修饰order。
3. For H & M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world：动词不定式的复合结构for sb. to do sth.，在句首作目的状语。sb.即是M & M，应该是个公司名称。
【翻译】为了给全球的2300多家专卖店提供价格仅为5.95美元的针织迷你裙，H & M公司必然依赖低工资的海外劳动力，造成自然资源紧张的大额订购，还要使用大量的有害化学品。
biomass[n.] (单位面积或体积内)生物的数量
2006 年阅读Text 3
Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time.
他们的研究方法不是去尝试评估海洋特定区域内鱼种的实际生物量（活体生物的数量），而是评估生物量随着时间的变化情况。
compare [v.] 比较；相比；对比；比作
2013 年阅读Text 2
DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for Windows 8—though the firm has compared some of its other products favorably with Google’s on that count before.
先理清楚主干结构。
主语是DNT，谓语是“does not seem”，宾语是“an obviously huge selling point”。如此，主干结构就很明显了吧?那么后面的“though the firm has compared some of its other products favorably with Google's on that count before”到底是什么呢?其实它就是由连词though连接的让步状语从句，在该从句中，主语是the firm，谓语是has compared。
理清楚了这个从句之后，这句话的含义也就清楚了：“DNT似乎并不是微软Windows 8系统的卖点，尽管微软的其他产品在这一方面优于谷歌”。
compare to：与……相比；把……比作
2008 年阅读Text 1
“Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men," according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.
根据纽约退伍军人管理医院精神科主任医师Dr. Yehuda称，“与男性相比，在承受压力时，女性特别容易患抑郁症或焦虑症”。
feature[n] 特征；特色
2007 年翻译
However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities.
然而，只是在最近几年，法学才成为加拿大大学本科专业的一个特色。
考研英语词汇识记与应用大全 Chapter 1: - 高频词汇- unit 01 ·state statute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation status assert affirm ·public publication republican publicity publicized publicly in public mass civil ·law claw lawful lawsuit flaw lawyer legislation ·mean meaning well-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhile by means of by no means indicate implication ·influence influential impact ·live alive deliver delivery outlive liveliness livelihood live off dwell reside survive survival inhabit settle ·federal federation FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) ·large largely enlarge
恋练有词词汇
unit 01 state statute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation status assert affirm public publication republican publicity publicized publicly in public mass civil law claw lawful lawsuit flaw Lawyer legislation mean meaning well-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhile by means of by no means indicate implication influence influential impact live alive deliver delivery outlive liveliness livelihood live off dwell reside survive survival inhabit settle federal federation FBI CIA large largely enlarge at large bulky outsize huge mark market marketplace marked marketer remark remarkable landmark blot spot stain symbol system systematic systematically regime organization structure stress stressed-out highlight emphasize strain unit 02 peer gaze at stare at glare at contemporary issue tissue claim proclaim disclaim acclaim lay claim to allege contend patent intellectual property court courteous Line hardline underline decline online offline
恋练有词-词汇(总22页)本页仅作为文档页封面，使用时可以删除 This document is for reference only-rar21year.March
unit 01 state statute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation status assert affirm public publication republican publicity publicized publicly in public mass civil law claw lawful lawsuit flaw Lawyer legislation mean meaning well-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhile by means of by no means indicate implication influence influential impact live alive deliver delivery outlive liveliness livelihood live off dwell reside survive survival inhabit settle federal federation FBI CIA large largely enlarge at large bulky outsize huge mark market marketplace marked marketer remark remarkable landmark blot spot stain symbol system systematic systematically regime organization structure stress stressed-out highlight emphasize strain unit 02 peer gaze at stare at glare at contemporary issue tissue claim proclaim disclaim acclaim lay claim to allege contend patent intellectual property court courteous Line hardline underline decline online offline 2
1．State： n. 状况，状态，情况，情形condition状况 英译1：the physical or mental condition that someone or something is in. She was in an extremely confused state of mind .她思绪纷乱。 She can’t go home now. Look at the state of her! 她现在不能回家。看看她这副样子！ The country was in a state of war这个国家正处于战争状态。 Water exists in three states: liquid, gaseous, and solid. 水有三种形态: 液态、气态和固态。 PART OF A COUNTRY 国家的一部分 英译2：one of the areas with limited law-making powers that together make up a country controlled by a central government, such as the US and Australia 州；邦n. Queensland is one of the states of Australia. 昆士兰是澳大利亚的一个州 state and federal taxes 州政府和联邦政府征收的税 the state government 州政府 2.statute 英译1：a law passed by a parliament, council etc and formally written down n．法令，法规； Protection for the consumer is laid down by statute (= established by law ) . 保障消费者权益已有法律明文规定。 a formal rule of an institution or organization 〔某机构、组织的〕条例；章程n. ?College statutes forbid drinking on campus. 大学校规禁止在校园内喝酒 3.manifestation n. 表现；显示；示威运动 Fever is one manifestation of cold. 发烧是感冒的一种表现形式。 4. statistic
新东方恋练有词考研英语词汇 案场各岗位服务流程 销售大厅服务岗： 1、销售大厅服务岗岗位职责： 1)为来访客户提供全程的休息区域及饮品; 2)保持销售区域台面整洁; 3)及时补足销售大厅物资,如糖果或杂志等; 4)收集客户意见、建议及现场问题点； 2、销售大厅服务岗工作及服务流程 阶段工作及服务流程 班前阶段1）自检仪容仪表以饱满的精神面貌进入工作区域 2）检查使用工具及销售大厅物资情况，异常情况及时登记并报告上级。 班中工作程序服务 流程 行为 规范 迎接 指引 递阅 资料 上饮品 （糕点） 添加茶水 工作 要求 1）眼神关注客人，当客人距3米距离 时，应主动跨出自己的位置迎宾，然后 侯客迎询问客户送客户
注意事项 15度鞠躬微笑问候：“您好！欢迎光临！”2）在客人前方1-2米距离领位，指引请客人向休息区，在客人入座后问客人对座位是否满意：“您好！请问坐这儿可以吗？”得到同意后为客人拉椅入座“好的，请入座！” 3）若客人无置业顾问陪同，可询问：请问您有专属的置业顾问吗？，为客人取阅项目资料，并礼貌的告知请客人稍等，置业顾问会很快过来介绍，同时请置业顾问关注该客人； 4）问候的起始语应为“先生-小姐-女士早上好，这里是XX销售中心，这边请”5）问候时间段为8:30-11:30 早上好11:30-14:30 中午好 14:30-18:00下午好 6）关注客人物品，如物品较多，则主动询问是否需要帮助（如拾到物品须两名人员在场方能打开，提示客人注意贵重物品）； 7）在满座位的情况下，须先向客人致歉，在请其到沙盘区进行观摩稍作等
待； 阶段工作及服务流程 班中工作程序工作 要求 注意 事项 饮料（糕点服务） 1）在所有饮料（糕点）服务中必须使用 托盘； 2）所有饮料服务均已“对不起，打扰一 下，请问您需要什么饮品”为起始； 3）服务方向：从客人的右面服务； 4）当客人的饮料杯中只剩三分之一时， 必须询问客人是否需要再添一杯，在二 次服务中特别注意瓶口绝对不可以与 客人使用的杯子接触； 5）在客人再次需要饮料时必须更换杯 子； 下班程 序1）检查使用的工具及销售案场物资情况，异常情况及时记录并报告上级领导； 2）填写物资领用申请表并整理客户意见；3）参加班后总结会； 4）积极配合销售人员的接待工作，如果下班时间已经到，必须待客人离开后下班；
statute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation status assert affirm
publication republican publicity publicized publicly in public mass civil law claw lawful lawsuit flaw lawyer legislation mean
well-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhile by means of by no means indicate implication influence influential impact live alive deliver delivery
liveliness livelihood live off dwell reside survive survival inhabit settle federal federation large largely enlarge at large bulky
huge mark market marketplace marked marketer remark remarkable landmark blot spot stain symbol system systematic systematically
unit 01 influential stressed-out state impact highlight statute live emphasize manifestation alive strain statistic deliver unit 02 statistical delivery peer stationary outlive gaze at statement liveliness stare at understatement livelihood glare at overstate live off contemporary statesman dwell issue estate reside tissue devastate survive claim devastating survival proclaim workstation inhabit disclaim status settle acclaim assert federal lay claim to affirm federation allege public FBI contend publication CIA patent republican large intellectual publicity largely property publicized enlarge court publicly at large courteous in public bulky Line mass outsize hardline civil huge underline law mark decline claw market online lawful marketplace offline lawsuit marked coastline flaw marketer deadline Lawyer remark incline legislation remarkable baseline mean landmark airline meaning blot outline well-meaning spot lineage meaningless stain pipeline meaningfully symbol guideline means system in line with meanwhile systematic series by means of systematically row by no means regime boundary indicate organization bound implication structure route influence stress succession
四级高频词汇第1讲 Albert Einstein: “Miracles are what happen when you get out of the way of yourself. 关于词汇记忆 The oppressed ________ freedom. A. requires B. demands C. requests Require: ask for firmly Demand: the ruler sets a rule with the expectation that nobody would refute it. Request: ask for politely entail 【真题例句3】【v】尊重，重视 Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers. 【真题例句12】【n】价值，重视 Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect. 关于单词记忆法 1、拆分联想记忆法 in no cent a.无辜的天真无邪的 re ti cent a.沉默寡言
parallel 趴了来哦 lel lul level 平 lullaby lull – baby 2、谐音记忆法 mortal a.致命的 ponderous adj.笨重的、沉重的，文章冗长的 labor v/n.劳动 ambulance n. 救护车 jeopardize v. 冒险 3、形近对比记忆法 adopt adapt adept adopt v.收养采纳 adapt v. 1. 适应~ oneself to She adapted herself to the whole new environment 2. 改编adaptable adept a.娴熟的 be adept at be adept at making up the excuses ConservePreserveReserve 4、串记法
Unit_1(共5题) 1【真题例句1】2007年text 4 The current _____ of affairs may have been encouraged—though not justified —by the lack of legal penalty (in America, but not Europe) for data leakage. ?[A] status ?[B] state ?[C] estate ?[D] statute 选择答案：A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：B 试题解析： 参考译文：由于(在美国，而不是欧洲)缺乏对数据泄漏的法律制裁，因此可能会助长这一事态的形成，尽管这一点还未得到证实。 2【真题例句2】2013年text 3 That’s one reason why we have launched Arc, a new _______ dedicated to the near future. ?[A] publicity ?[B] republic ?[C] public ?[D] publication 选择答案：A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：D 试题解析： 参考译文：这就是我们推出《弧》的原因之一。《弧》是一本致力于不久的将来的新出版物。 3【真题例句3】2014年翻译There is a ______ difference between the education which everyone gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. ?[A] marked ?[B] mark ?[C] market ?[D] make 选择答案：A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：A
Unit 11 govern vt.统治;管理;?支配;控制;影响government n.政府 governance n.统治?方式,管理?方法 government-funded adj.政府拨款的 self-governing adj.?自我管理的 administrate v.管理 be governed by受约束,被控制 conduct v.引领,引导 interpret v.解释,了解,认为 interpretation n.翻译;解释 misinterpret v.曲解 define v.使明确,解释 misinterpret v.指定,详述 prove v.证明,证实;结果是;证明是;检验;考验;鉴定improve v.提?高;提升;改善;增进 proverb n.谚语 show v.说明,表明,表现出n.(电视或??广播)节??目;秀confirm v.证实,证明,确认 return v.回来;归来 n.回报;利润;收益[常?用pl.] returning adj.回头的 overturn v.(使)翻转;推翻; n.翻转;打翻;颠覆;废除 in return for作为......的回报 industrial adj?工业的;产业的 industry n.产业;?工业,?行业;勤勉 industrialized adj.?工业化的 industrialization n.?工业化 measure v.量,测量;衡量n.衡量;估量;尺?寸;?大?小; oppose v.反对;反抗 opponent n.对?手,敌?手;反对者adj.对?立的;敌对的
unit 01 state statute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation status assert affirm public publication republican publicity publicized publicly in public mass civil law claw lawful lawsuit flaw Lawyer legislation mean meaning well-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhile by means of by no means indicate implication influence influential impact live alive deliver delivery outlive liveliness livelihood live off dwell reside survive survival inhabit settle federal federation FBI CIA large largely enlarge at large bulky outsize huge mark market marketplace marked marketer remark remarkable landmark blot spot stain symbol system systematic systematically regime organization structure stress stressed-out highlight emphasize strain unit 02 peer gaze at stare at glare at contemporary issue tissue claim proclaim disclaim acclaim lay claim to allege contend patent intellectual property court courteous Line hardline underline decline online offline coastline
恋练有词-词汇
unit 01 state statute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation status assert affirm public publication republican publicity publicized publicly in public mass civil law claw lawful lawsuit flaw Lawyer legislation mean meaning well-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhile by means of by no means indicate implication influence influential impact live alive deliver delivery outlive liveliness livelihood live off dwell reside survive survival inhabit settle federal federation FBI CIA large largely enlarge at large bulky outsize huge mark market marketplace marked marketer remark remarkable landmark blot spot stain symbol system systematic systematically regime organization structure stress stressed-out highlight emphasize strain unit 02 peer gaze at stare at glare at contemporary issue tissue claim proclaim disclaim acclaim lay claim to allege contend patent intellectual property court courteous Line hardline underline decline online offline
恋练有词单词打印(全)
Unit 1 Live 居住，生活；生命；有生命的，现场直播的 alive 【adj】活着的，有生气的，活跃的liveliness 【n】活力 deliver 【v】给…接生；释放；表达；传送【n】传递 livelihood 【n】生计 outlive 【v】比…活得长，比…经久 largely 【adv】主要地；大部分；大量地enlarge 【v】扩大；放大；详述 market 【n】市场，营销，行情【v】出售remarkable 【adj】卓越的，非凡的，辉煌的markedly 【adj】显著的，明显的；有记号的remark 【v】评论；觉察；评论【n】注意；言辞 marketplace 【n】市集，商场，市场landmark 【n】地标；里程碑 guideline 【n】挃导方针 decline 【v】下降；婉拒 discipline 【n】纪律；学科；训练；惩罚incline 【v】倾斜；倾向；易于 underline 【v】在…下划线；强调；突出 linen 【n】亚麻布，亚麻线；亚麻制品【adj】亚麻布（的） loneliness 【n】孤独，寂寞airline 【n】航线，航空公司 pipeline 管线，管道 in the pipeline 在筹备中 headline 【n】大标题，头版头条新闻 outline 【n】轮廓；大纲；概要 in line with 和……成直线，与……一致，按照boundary边界，分界线 bound 界限，限制 succession 继承，连续 procession 队伍，行列 lineage 【n】血统；家系；世系 friendliness 【n】亲切；友谊；亲密coastline 【n】海岸线 live off 依赖……生活，依赖 dwell居住于，存在于 reside 定居于，属于 inhabit 居住于 at large 自由，一般，大体上，详细地 bulky 庞大的，体积大的outsize 特大的 blot 污点 spot 点，斑点 stain 污渍，玷污，污染 symbol 象征，标志Unit 2 value 【n】价格；价值；重要性【vt】评价，估计；尊重，重视 overvalue 对……评价过高，过分重视 devalue 贬值的，减值的 economically 【adv】节约地, 节俭地，节省地；在经济上; productivity 【n】生产力 govern 【v】统治管理 publication 【n】刊物，发表，发布，发行economics 【n】经济 organize 【vt】组织，编组 meaningless 【adj】无聊的，毫无意义的product 【n】产品，产物；乘积 production 【n】成果；产品；生产；作品economic 【adj】经济（上）的，经济学的government-funded 【adj】政府拨款的disorganize 【v】扰乱; 使混乱; 瓦解productive 【adj】生产的, 生产性的; 多产的; 丰饶的; 肥沃的 public 【n】公众，民众；【adj.】公众的，公共的；公开的 uneconomic 【adj】不经济的，不盈利的socioeconomic 【adj】社会经济的 meaning 【n】意义、含义 self-governing 【n】自我管理 well-meaning 【adj】好心的；善意的 identify 【v】识别鉴别把···看成和···一样 by means of 借助于 publicly 【adv】公然地；以公众之名 provide 为…提供… offer for 【v】提供，供给 governance 【n】统治权，管理权 publicity 【n】公开，宣扬，曝光度，知名度 identity 【n】身仹；统一性 meaningful 【adj.】有意义的 offer 【v】提供；提出；呈现；【n】提议;提供 provider 【n】提供者 in public 公开地，当众
manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation status assert affirm public publication republican publicity publicized publicly in public mass civil
claw lawful lawsuit flaw lawyer legislation mean meaning well-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhile by means of by no means indicate implication influence influential impact live alive deliver delivery
liveliness livelihood live off dwell reside survive survival inhabit settle federal federation large largely enlarge at large bulky outsize huge mark market marketplace marked marketer remark
landmark blot spot stain symbol system systematic systematically regime organization structure stress stressed-out highlight emphasize strain peer gaze at stare at glare at contemporary issue tissue claim
恋练有词纯单词顺序U n i t1-U n i t30
statute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation status assert affirm public publication republican publicity publicized publicly in public mass civil law claw lawful lawsuit flaw lawyer legislation mean meaning well-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhile by means of by no means indicate implication influence influential
live alive deliver delivery outlive liveliness livelihood live off dwell reside survive survival inhabit settle federal federation large largely enlarge at large bulky outsize huge mark market marketplace marked marketer remark remarkable landmark blot spot stain symbol system systematic systematically regime organization structure stress stressed-out highlight emphasize
Tammy的恋练有词课程笔记（导学部分） 恋练有词导学部分 (建议新版课程最少听两遍老版课程最少听一遍）（绿色版本版聚焦2004年----现在黄色版本聚焦199 5年-2011年） 关于恋练有词这门课 Why does being your best friend entail me doing everything I don’t want to do？ Why does being the most intelligent creature in this blue planet entail us doing everything unfriendly to our living condition? 恋练有词的最佳配套学习方案（范读原版） FT中文网每日泛读1篇（范读成功与否能否1：复述出全文的主旨中心思想2：能否说出文章结构）（电脑上有速度测试至少160-180个单词每分钟） 与恋练有词相关的书籍推荐 1：三本经济学人2：命题人讲真题3：考研英语官方指南4：英语考研写作宝典（红皮） 5：英文应试写作话题素材大全（黑皮）6：朱伟小黄书 恋练有词导学之考研英语备考全攻略 Tip1前期准备（1-5月）背单词+泛读原版 Tip2勤练真题（6-8月）1995年-2006年真题 ①：掐表做题②：精读查阅词汇解析长难句③:模版句型背诵及模仿（写作素材） ④：研究选项答案（阅读理解）：感情色彩细节服从主旨逻辑关系 阅读15分钟每篇 新题型20分钟 大作文40分钟 小作文20分钟 完型20分钟 翻译20分钟 冲刺阶段9月-12月英语一2007年----最近真题重复6--8月①---④ 然后错题归类：所有错题的归类：无中生有断章取义偷换概念逻辑颠倒 不要强求不可知要从已知推未知 输在过度推理赢在服从主旨 写作乃成败关键 一阶段：3-8月练句子练结构 二阶段：9-12月全文操练点题 图表作文（英语二英语一）（200字左右）一段what第二段why/effect第三段how 漫画作文（英语一）：220-280字
Unit1 正确答案：A 参考翻译：但是在过去的10万年，甚至是刚过去的这100年间，我们的生活已经被改变但我们的身体却没有变化。 正确答案：C Deliver是及物动词，所以~ on错误 Carry on是继续做的意思 Perform on此处为施加在......上面的意思 Apply不及物时搭配for或to, apply for指申请，apply to 指适用于；apply及物时，一般用apply something to或be applied to，指应用于.......上面 参考翻译：关于动物智慧的研究让我很想知道，如果动物也有同等机会的话，他们会在人的身上做什么实验呢。
正确答案：B 参考翻译：然而，当两只猴子被分离开但处于邻接的房间时，它们能够观察到对方在用石头换取物品，结果它们的行为就显然不一样了。 正确答案：D 参考翻译：由于严密的学校纪律已经为大脑做好了准备，美国的男孩们很快就发展成为了熟练工人。 Unit2 正确答案：B 参考翻译：若要避免食物短缺，那就必须在增加农业产量方面下功夫。 正确答案：C 参考翻译：最近对于标准化测试的强调突出的是分析和程序，这意味着我们很少有人生来就使用创造性的和协作性的思维模式。
正确答案：C offer主语一般只能是人，而provide主语既可以是人也可以是物，主语是物时，翻译为“规定”，这里为了使翻译的意思明细顺畅，用了“创造”这个翻法，也体现了翻译时的一个重要原则，符合不同语言的北京和表达习惯，进行翻译是的用词转化。grant指赐予，赋予，有高尚的感觉；supply指补给。 参考翻译：月亮的移动很便捷的创造了“月”这个单位。 Unit3 正确答案：C disapproval：不赞成，不许可，是动词disapprove的名词形式 rejection和refusal都有"拒绝"的意义，但是在表示"遭到拒绝"时，搭配不同， get/meet with a refusal，have many rejections， 另外，a flat refusal(断然拒绝)是一个惯用搭配 参考翻译：我很努力地试着去说服他加入我们组，但是他拒绝了我。
Unit 11 govern : 【vt.】统治；管理；支配；控制；影响 形近词 government (n.)政府 governance（n.）统治方式，管理方法 government-funded（adj.）政府拨款的 self-governing（adj.）自我管理的 同义词 administrate（v.）管理 词组 be governed by：受约束，被控制 近义词 conduct （v.）引领，引导 interpret【v.】解释，了解，认为 形近词 interpretation（n.）翻译；解释 misinterpret（v.）曲解 补充词汇 define（v.）使明确，解释 misinterpret（v.）指定，详述 prove: 【v.】证明，证实；结果是；证明是；检验；考验；鉴定形近词 improve （v.）提高；提升；改善；增进 proverb （n.）谚语 补充词汇 show（v.）说明，表明，表现出 （n.）（电视或广播）节目；秀 近义词 confirm（v.）证实，证明，确认 return: 【v.】返回；回来；归来；回答 【n.】回报；利润；收益［常用pl.］ 形近词 returning（adj.）回头的 overturn（v.）( 使) 翻转；推翻；撤销( 判决)；颠覆（n.）翻转；打翻；颠覆；废除 词组 in return for：作为......的回报 industrial 【adj】工业的；产业的 形近词 industry（n.）产业；工业，行业；勤勉
industrialized（adj.）工业化的 industrialization（n.）工业化 measure:【v.】量，测量；估量；衡量 【n.】衡量；估量；尺寸；大小；[常pl.]措施，办法 oppose:【v.】反对；反抗 形近词 opponent（n.）对手，敌手；反对者 （adj.）对立的；敌对的 词组 be opposed to：反对....;背道而驰 同义词 repel (v.)排斥；击退 deny (v.) 否认；否认与...有关系；不承认；抛弃 counter(v.)反击；反驳 imagine【v.】想象；设想；料想 形近词 image（n.）形象；化身 imaging（n.）成像 imaginary（adj.）虚构的；想象中的 unimaginable（adj.）难以想象的 imaginative（adj.）创造性的；爱想象的 近义词 dream （v.）梦想；想到；梦到 picture（v.）想象，描写 drop: 【v.】落下；下降；失落；放弃；终止 【n.】滴，落下，微量 词组 drop by：顺道拜访 drop out：退学；退出 engage: 【v.】( 使) 从事于；( 使) 参加；( 使) 订婚；引起；吸引；聘用形近词 engagement（n.）订婚，婚约；约会；约定；雇佣；参与 词组 engage in ：从事于；参加 engage with：交战；与...接洽 property: 【n.】财产；资产，所有物；性质；特性 近义词 asset（n.）有用的物（或人）；财富；资产；财产