时态语态
一.一般现在时v./v-(e)s
1 表示经常性习惯动作或存在状态，常由always, often, usually, sometimes, everyday,
once a year, now and then, from time to time 等时间状语连用。
e.g. He often goes to the library.
She works hard.
2.表示普遍真理
e.g. The sun rises in the east.
The sun is red
3.表示在一个具体的现在时间所发生的动作或存在的状态
e.g. What time is it now?
4.介绍故事梗概或剧情说明、解说词等
e.g. Marthilde walks towards her, she stops and speaks to Jeanne.
5表示一个按规定，计划或安排要发生的动作，主要用于come, go, leave, arrive等表位置移动的动词，表示起止的动词如return, start, begin, open, close, end, stop等
e.g. The shop closes at 11:00p.m. every day .
What are you going to do when you leave school .
6.在时间或条件状语从句中用一般时态表将来的动作。但要注意由if引导的条件状语从句中，可用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。
e.g. I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back .
I won’t attend the party unless they invite me.
If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased .
如果你愿意接受并参加我们派队，我的家人会非常高兴。
二.现在进行时 am/is/are+doing
1.表示说话时正在进行的动作
e.g. What are you doing now?
2.表现阶段正在进行的动作，但说话时不一定正在进行
e.g. He is teaching English and learning Chinese.
3.有时可表示将来的动作，主要用于go, come, leave, start, begin, arrive, return
等动词
e.g. They are going to the Great Wall this Sunday.
The train is arriving.
4.与always, often等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩。
e.g. The girl is always talking loud in public.
注：1）以here, there等词开头的句子用一般现在时代替进行时：
e.g. There goes the bell.
Here comes the teacher.=The teacher is coming.
2)有些动词通常不能用于进行时态
表感觉：see, hear, smell, fell, look, seem, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste 表心理状态，情感：like, love, hate, care, want, remember, believe, mind, wish, agree, mean, need
表存在状态：be, exist, stay, remain, appear, lie, belong to, depend on
表占有与从属：have, possess, belong, consist
表思想状态：know, understand, remember
三.一般将来时will/shall+do
1.将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, from now on, in the future等表将来的时间状语连用
2.表邀请
e.g. Will you go swimming with me?
3.表示一种趋向或习惯动作
e.g. We’ll die without air or water.
将来时的几种代用形式：①be going to+ do表示已决定，安排，打算要做；根据迹象将要发生某事
e.g. He is going to be a doctor when he grows up.
be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；shall/will do 表示未事先考虑果，即说话临时作出决定
be going to表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will时能，表意愿，如
If it is fine, we’ll go fishing. (√)
If it is fine, we are going to go fishing. (X)
表天气状况只能用be going to
②be to+ do说话人的义务，责任，安排，命令，要求，命中注定等
e.g. All these things are to be answered for.
John is to remain here after class.
③be about to+ do 表即将或眼看要发生的事情，多与when连用（不与将来时间状语连用）
e.g. I am about to leave.
Autumn harvest is about to start.
I was about to leave the house when the telephone suddenly rang.
④go,come,leave等现在进行时表将来的动作
⑤条件，时间状语从句用一般时表将来时
四.一般过去时V-ed
1.表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态，常与last night, yesterday, at that time
等表过去时间的状语连用（或有上下文语境暗示）
e.g. He wasn’t in last night.
He joined the Young Pioneers when he was 7.
2.表过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。
e.g. She often came to help us.
John always got up late, and never had enough time for breakfast.
过去经常或反复的动作，也可用used to/would+ do表示
3.在时间，条件状语从句中表示过去将来的动作。
e.g. She told me that she would not leave until I came back.
五.现在完成时have/has+ done
1.表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
e.g. He has gone to town.
Some one has turned on the radio.
2.表过去某时到现在这段时间中发生的事情，表“经历”。
e.g. This is the first time I have ever heard of such a thing.
3.表过去已开始，延续到现在的动作或状态。
e.g. They have lived in Beijing since 1972.
4.在时间，条件从句中，表将来完成的动作。
e.g. I’ll post the letter as soon as I’ve written it.
注：1）现在完成时除可以和for, since引导的状语连用，还可以和下面的介词短语连用；during/in/over the last/past/few years(months, weeks)/in recent years等，但不能与明确表示过去的时间状语连用。
2）终止性动词的完成式不能与表延续意义的时间状语连用。
e.g. He has come for 3 days. (X)
He has been here for 3 days. (√)
It is 3 days since he came here. (√)
It was 3 days since he had come here. (√)
3)下列句型中常用现在完成时
This/That/It is the first /second…time that +完成时
This/That/It is the only …+that+完成时
This/That/It is the best/finest/most interesting…+that从句+完成时
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
1.凡有过去时间的均用过去时态，不能用完成时态，如含有ago, last year, just now, the other day等，现在完成时通常与表示包括现在在内的时间状语连用
2.现在完成时强调过去某事对现在造成的影响，主要是说明现在的情况，一般过去时只表示过去发生的事情本身，不涉及与现在的关系。
六.过去进行时were/was+doing
1.表过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，这一特定时间往往须用时间状语表示
e.g. What was your sister doing this time yesterday?
She was reading a book when I come in.
注：1）go, come, leave等的进行时，可表过去即将发生的动作
2）某些动词不能用进行时（见现在进行时）
2.用于描述一件事发生的背景，一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生
七.过去完成时“过去的过去”had+done
1. 在by, by the end, by the time, until, before, since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作。
e.g. By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars, The train had left before
we reached the station.
2.表示未曾实现的希望，打算，意图，诺言等，常用had hoped /planned /meant /intended /thought /wanted/ expected 等
e.g.His wife had hoped to catch the first train but she was too late.
3.“时间名词+before”在句子中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词+ago”在句子作状语，谓语动词用一般过去式。
e.g. He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. Xiao Hua left school
3 years ago.
4.表示“一……就”的几个句型：
Hardly/Scarcely…when…主句用过去完成时
No sooner …than…从句用一般过去时
e.g. We had no sooner been seated than the bus started.
=No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.
注：当一个由before, after, as soon as等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接发生时，由于这些连词本身已说明两个动作的先后关系，因此两个动作均可用“一般过去时”
e.g. The train started to move just before he reached the station.
After he (had) left the room, the boss came in.
We arrived home before it snowed.
八.过去将来时 should/would+ do
1.从过去某时看将要发生的动作
e.g. They didn’t expect that I would say so.
2过去习惯的动作
e.g. Every night he would study late.
3.表“愿望”，“倾向性”
e.g. It was raining hard but none of us would stop working.
4.was/ were +going to do
was/ were +going/coming/leaving…
was/ were +to do
was/ were about + to do
九.现在完成进行时have/has been doing
从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在并可能将延续下去的动作。
e.g. Tom has been watching TV since this morning.
十.过去完成进行时 had been doing
e.g. Nobody knew what Peter had doing these years.
十一.将来进行时
1.表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情
e.g. She’ll be coming soon. 她会很快来的。
I’ll be meeting him sometime in the future.以后找时间我一定去会会他。
注：将来进行时不用于表示“意志”，不能说I’ll be having a talk with her.
2.常用的时间状语有soon, tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time, tomorrow,
in two days, tomorrow evening等
e.g. By the time next year, I’ll be lying on the beach. 明年这个时候，我正躺在沙滩上呢！
时态呼应
某些从句（主要是宾语从句）中谓语动作的时态常常受主句中谓语动词的影响，这叫做时态的呼应，也叫时态的一致。
1主句中谓语动词为现在或将来时态时，从句中的谓语动词可以用任何所需要的时态。
e.g. She says she is (was, will be)a teacher.
Can you tell me when you left (are to leave)for Tibet?
2.主句中谓语动词为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态为
一般过去时从句谓语与主句谓语所表示的
过去进行时动作同时发生
过去完成时——从句动作先于主句动作发生
过去将来时——从句动作在主句动作之后发生
e.g. He told me he was ill.
She said she was writing an article.
He told me that she had caught up with the others.
He said he would be a doctor when he left school.
但：1）从句所说明的如果是普遍真理，则仍用现在时态
e.g. The teacher told the children that the earth goes round the sun.
2)从句有一表示具体时间的状语，其谓语动作先于主句发生，也不用完成时，而用一般现在
时
e.g. He said he was born in 1970.
The teacher told the pupils the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 另：主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句一般也要遵守时态呼应规则，而定语，状语从句一般不受主句谓语动词的影响，而是根据需要选用适当的时态。
e.g. It seemed to me that I had met him before.(主语从句)
That is what he wants.(表语从句)
The fact that he studied hard was known to us all.(同位语从句)
I found a very interesting book about physics, which I shall give you as soon as you come.(定语从句)
She took part in the rebuilding of the machine as she wants to improve it. (状语从句)
动词的语态——主动，被动
被动语态的构成方式：
1.be +过去分词，口语中也有用
get/ become+过去分词表示
2.情态动词+ be + 过去分词
被动语态的基本用法：不知道或没必要提到的动作执行者是谁时，用被动语态，强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态（by短语有时可以省略）
一.使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题
1.主动变被动时双宾语的变化。
e.g. My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday.
An interesting book was given to me(by my friend) on my birthday.
I was given an interesting book (by my friend) on my birthday.
2.主动变被动时，宾补成主补（位置不变）：（作补语的）不定式前需加to.
e.g. The boss made him work all day long.
He was made to work all day long (by the boss).
3.短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”.
e.g. The children were taken good care of (by her).
Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.
4.情态动词和be going to, be to, be sure to, used to, have to, had better
等结构变被动语态，只需将它们后面的动词原形变为be+ 过去分词。
e.g. He is sure to finish the article in an hour.
=The article is sure to be finished in an hour.
二.不能用被动语态的几种情况
1.所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。
2.表示状态的谓语动词，如：last, hold, benefit, contain, equal, fit, join, mean,
look like, consist of 等
3.表示归属的动词，如：have, own, belong to等
4.表示“希望，意图”的动词，如：wish, want, hope, like, love, hate等
5.宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态
6.有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义，特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有sell,
write, wash, open, lock 等
三.主动形式表被动意义
1.当feel, look, smell, taste, sound等后接形容词时，当cut, read, sell, wear,
write, wash等带状语修饰语时，当动词表示“开始，结束，关，停，转，启动”
等意义时
e.g. This kind of cloth washes easily.
These novels won’t sell well.
My pen writes smoothly.
The door won’t lock.
The fish smells good.
2.当break out, take place, shut off, turn off, work out等动词表示“发生，
关闭，制定”等意思时。
e.g. The plan worked out successfully.
The lamps on the wall turn off.
3.want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义
e.g. My watch wants repairing.
4.be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义
5.在“be+形容词+to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动
e.g. This kind of water isn’t fit to drink.
The girl isn’t easy to get along with.
四.被动形式表主动意义的几种情况
1.be seated 坐着
e.g. He is seated on a bench. 他在凳子上坐下。
He seats himself on a bench.
2.be hidden 隐藏
e.g. He was hidden behind the door. 他躲在门后。
He hid himself behind the door.
3.be lost 迷路，迷失于…
4.be drunk 喝醉
5.be dressed 穿着
e.g. The girl was dressed in a red short skirt.
五.被动语态与系表结构的区别
被动语态强调动作，系表结构表主语的特点或状态
e.g. The book was sold by a certain bookstore.（被动）
The book is well sold. （系表结构）
初中英语语法八大时态 一．一般现在时 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句：He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1）表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将 来要发生的动作。 例如：I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 二．一般过去时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+did (否)No,主语+did not 基本结构否定句一般疑问句
第五集语法填空核心考点考点突破 ——时态与语态——在英语中运用极为广泛 【考向聚焦】 课程标准要求中学生掌握常见的十种时态用法。近三年来各地试题考查最多的是一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时、现在完成进行时和现在完成时。高考中动词时态命题，每年每份试卷中都有2～3个小题，每小题均设置明确的语境。一般来说，命题人总是把易混淆或相近的时态放在一起，增加考题的难度。而被动语态的考点大都集中在被动语态的时态，近三年来考查最多的时态是现在完成时，其次是一般过去时。 对应学生用书P16 用所给动词的适当时态或语态填空 1．(2013?福建，26)The girl has a great interest in sport and ________(take)badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. 解析考查动词时态。根据句中标志词over the last three years可知应为现在完成进行时态。 答案has been taking 2．(2013?北京，28)Hurry up！Mark and Carl ________(expect)us. 解析考查动词时态。根据Hurry up！可知，Mark和Carl正在等我们。用现在进行时态。 答案are expecting 3．(2013?北京，32)—So what is the procedure? —All the applicants ________(interview)before a final decision is made by the authority. 解析考查动词的语态和时态。句中applicants与interview之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态；且句子所描述的为一般情况，故用一般现在时态的被动语态。答案are interviewed 4．(2013?湖南，22)“What do you want to be？”asked Mrs.Crawford.“Oh，I________(be)president，”said the boy，with a smile. 解析考查动词时态。根据问句：你想当什么？可知时态为一般将来时态。 答案will be 5．(2013?湖南，26)If nothing________(do)，the oceans will turn into fish deserts. 解析考查时态和语态。首先nothing与do之间为被动关系，根据主句的一般将来时态可知，if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时态。 答案is done 6．(2013?湖南，34)—I don't understand why you didn't go to the lecture yesterday afternoon. —I'm so sorry.But I________(do)my homework. 解析根据语境，对话中的第二个人昨天下午没去听课，而是在做作业，故使用过去进行时态，表示过去一段时间内在持续发生的动作。 答案was doing 7．(2013?江苏，21)Generally，students' inner motivation with high expectations from others________(be)essential to their development.
动词的时态 一、考点解读 今天我们复习动词的时态，英语的时态是同学们学习英语的难点，在各地的中考题目中许多题型都会有对于动词时态的考查。出现较多的是在单选，完形填空，及其在第二卷中出现的根据汉语意思填词的题目，还包括翻译句子，书面表达。可以说中考题目中大部分都会涉及到动词的时态。既是难点也是重点。在今天的专题中我们复习初中阶段需要掌握的八个时态。 1．一般现在时 2．现在进行时 3．一般过去时 4．过去进行时 5．一般将来时 6．过去将来时 7．现在完成时 8．过去完成时 二、专题梳理 初中阶段所学的英语的时态有8种。英语的时态有很强的表达能力，能使句子的意思明确，能显示细微的差异，能使句子生动逼真。但它们不是相当灵活，在不同的时间中，要用不同的形式，这是与中文大不相同的地方。 1．一般现在时：一般现在时是描述经常性、反复性的动作、性质或状态的时态。 （1）一般现在时的时间状语通常有： ①often ②usually ③always
④seldom ⑤sometimes ⑥every＋时间 ⑦次数＋时间 ⑧on＋时间 ⑨in＋时间 ⑩没有时间，但表示客观存在的事实 （2）一般现在时动词的形式主要用动词原形表示，但如果主语是单数第三人称时，则在动词后加s或es，变成否定句和疑问句时，又将s、es去掉，还为原形。 ①be动词的一般现在时的构成 否定式和疑问否定式如下表所示： ②其他实义动词的一般现在时的构成
其他实义动词一般现在时的构成如下 表所示（以动词work为例） 特别提示： have(has)在表示“有”时，否定形式为haven’t(hasn’t)或have not(has not)，变为疑问句时可直接把have(has)放在句首也可借助于助动词do(does)。当不表示“有”的意思时，其否定句和疑问句只能加助动词do(does)构成。 e.g.Has she any experience in teaching piano lessons？(√) Does she have any experience in teaching piano lessons？(√) 她有教钢琴的经验吗？ Had you a good time going hiking yesterday？(×) Did you have a good time going hiking yesterday？(√) 你昨天徒步旅行玩得开心吗？
初一英语时态专题复习 一、一般现在时：（1、现在的状态。2、经常或习惯性动作。3、主语所具备的性格和能力。4、真理。 1、标志：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,never（从不）, on Sundays（在星期天）, every day/month/year（每一天/月/年） 2、结构： （1）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括There be +n.） 练习：1.I______(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom. 2. Where _____(be) my shoes? They___(be) here. 3.Who ____(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she ___(be) Kate. 4. You and I ___(not be) in Class Six. 5.___(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_____(be). 6. ____ her parent tall? No, he____. （2）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他（用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问）（3）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用助动词does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句） 行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式1.- s 2. 辅音+y: study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watches teach-teaches4特殊have-has do-does go-goes .1)His parents _______(watch) TV every night. 肯定句1) My brother _________(do) homework every day. 2)His parents _________(not watch) every night.否定句2)My brother________(not do)homework every day. 3)_____his parents_____(watch) TV every night?一般疑3)______ your brother _____ homework every day? Yes, they _______. No, they _______. Yes, he______. No, he _________. 4)When___ his parents _____(watch) TV? 特疑4)When _____ your brother ____(do) homework? They watch TV every night. He does homework every day. 二．现在进行时：表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。 1、标志: now（现在）listen（看）look（听） 2、结构:主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(doing) 现在分词的构成：1.-ing: eat-eating 2.辅音字母+e: take-taking 3. sit, put, begin, run, swim, stop, get, shop,（双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ing.） 练习：1. Jim __________________(take) photos in the park now. 2. Jim_________(not take) in the park now. 3. _______________Jim____________(take) photos in the park now? Yes, he _____. No, he _______. 4. Where _________Jim ____________ photos now? In the park. 三、情态动词：1、任何主语+can/may/must+动词原形2、主语+ can’t/may not/ mustn’t+动词原形 3、Can/May/Must + 主语+ 动词原形？ 4、疑问词+can/may/must+主语+动词原形？ 四、非谓语动词（是固定搭配） 1. like+ to do不定式/doing动名词 2.want to do sth. 3. love to do 4. would like to do sth. 5. enjoy doing sth. 6. thanks for doing 7. stop doing sth 8. let sb. do sth. She wants _____(have) a party. Does he like _______(swim)? Thanks for _______(enjoy) CCTV show. She never stops ____(talk). 五．祈使句： Go straight and turn left/ right. Go through Fifth Avenue. Take a taxi（Take a bus，Take a walk……） 六．综合练习：1.Mr Green _____(be) a worker. Now he ____(work) in the field. 2.Listen! Who_______(sing)? 3.What time ____ your brother usually _____(do) his homework? 4.You can_______(come) here by bus. 5. Who ____(have) a ruler? 6.Are they_____(clean) the room? 7.-____ you____(eat) dinner? – Yes, we are. 8.Jack ____(have) a soccer ball, but he ____(not have) a basketball. 9._______Jim _______(like)______(run)? 10.They _____(be) from Canada. They______(not speak) Chinese. 11. He wants _________________(be) tall. 1.我们正在吃晚餐。2、我们每天6点起床。
初中英语语法八大时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句：He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1）表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如：I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他
高考英语——动词的时态和语态（专项练习题） 单句语法填空 1．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than ________ (divide) us. 2．Silk ________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 3．When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that ________(reflect) my interest. 4．More efforts，as reported，________(make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply－side structural reform. 5．Dashan，who ________ (learn)crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand－up tradition. 6．When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I ________ (see) for years. 7．Two years ago，while Cathy ________ (watch) the Olympics，a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. 8．Jack ________(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. 9.I ________(read)half of the English novel，and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. 10．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ (reward)success in the end. 11．—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We ________ (wait)here for more than two hours. 12．Secret codes keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information ________ (send)by computer. 13．People in this area are in fact French citizens because it________(be) a colony of the French Republic since 1946.
初中英语语法总结 ( 动词的时态) 11.1 一般现在时的用法 1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3）表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。11.2 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？ 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。 Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
英语的时态问题 英语的时态可以分为：“时”(time) 和“体”(aspect)（又称为态）。时是指动作发生的时间，体是指动作发生时的状态。时间与体就象是坐标里的横轴和纵轴，它们的结合交织出了瞬息万变的时空，也构成了英语动词的时态问题。 时间分为：过去，现在，将来，过去将来 体分为：一般（在某个时间点）， 进行（延续某个时间段）， 完成（完成某个时间段） 完成进行（延续某个完成的时间段） 如此以来，英语中就有16种时态变化，现在就用动词为write例，看看它们的形式。 注意：里面的斜体字部分，由于时态过于复杂，几乎没有人真正去应用它们，可以忽略不记。 下面就常用的12种时态，（其中还有三种相对用的较少的，请注意）。具体分析一下。 一．一般现在时 表示现在的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态，常用于以下的情况 1、经常重复发生的动作或存在的状态，多与often, always, usually, sometimes, everyday, 等时 间状语连用。 He takes a walk after supper everyday My mother and father work at the same company. 2、表示性格，特征，能力。 Mr. Smith hates fish and never eats any. 3、表示客观真理或者普遍事实。
The sun rises in the east. 二．一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或者状态，常和表示过去某个时间“点”的时间状语(yesterday, last week, 3 years ago, in 1987)连用 She bought a car last week. He came to help me at that time. 三．一般将来时 表示将来的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态。 The train will arrive soon. We shall know the news tomorrow. 四．过去将来时 过去某个时间“点”上将要发生的动作或状态。 I asked her where she would spend her holiday. I told my father that I should go home next Monday. 五．现在进行时 表示现在的时间“段”上正在延续进行的动作或者状态。 I’m doing some washing. What are you doing? 六．过去进行时 在过去某一个时间“段”正在延续进行的动作。 I was working in my office at eight o’clock yesterday evening. He was making a phone call when I saw him. 七．将来进行时 在将来某个时间“段”正在发生的动作，一般表示一种猜测和未来的计划，一般不太常用。What will you be doing at 3 o’clock tomorrow afternoon? （明天下午三点你将在做什么哪） 八．现在完成时 表示动作在一个时间“段”的完成，而且这个时间段是从过去某一点延续到现在的。经常跟时间状语since 1987，for 10 hours , by the last year相连。 My brother has been ill for 3 days. I have not seen her since 1991. 九．过去完成时 在过去的某个时间“段”里动作的完成，从过去的一点再到过去的另一点。或者称为过去的过去。 He said that he had written her a letter. Helen rang me up after I had gone to sleep.
小学英语语法时态讲解与归纳—一般现在时 一、一般现在时： 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 二. 构成及变化 1.be动词的变化。 肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。 l、当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do 肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school. 否定句：主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。如：we don’t play basketball after school. 一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它? 如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句？ 如： What do you often do after school ? 3、当主语为第三人称单数时 , 助动词为does 肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well. 否定句：主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesn’t swim well.. 一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。 如：Does he swim well ?
语法填空—时态语态 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.The house belongs to my aunt but she (not live) here any more. (全国I) 2.This machine (not work). It hasn’t worked for years. (浙江) 3.If their marketing plans succeed, they (increase) their sales by 20 percent. (全国Ⅱ) 4.Population experts predict that most people (live) in cities in the near future. (上海春) 5.He (play) football regularly for many years when he was young. (天津) 6.-- Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? -- Yes, since she (join) the Chinese Society. (宁夏) 7.Teenagers (damage) their health because they play computer games too much. (重庆) 8.I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother (talk) on the phone all the time! (湖南) 9.John promised his doctor he (not smoke), and he has smoked ever since. (北京) 10.By this time tomorrow, I (lie) on the beach 11.So far this year we (see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (福建) 12.The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I (stay) in many worse hotels. (北京) 13.We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we (know) each other for years. (辽宁) 14.-- I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. -- I think so. He (prepare) for it for months. (江苏) 15.The telephone (ring), but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. (四川) 16.--Did you go to the show last night? --Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area (invite). (陕西) 17.-- What’s that noise? -- Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine (test). (浙江) 18.I like these English songs and they (teach) many times on the radio. (安徽) 19.Don’t take the magazine away. It (belong) to me. 20.I will go to see my son when he (finish) the training course. 21.Perhaps it will be a long time before Tom （come）from abroad . 22.It’s time that we ( take) some action to protect the environment. 23.Often a storm (follow) by a calm. 24.If city noises (keep) from increasing，people will have to shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. 25.I bought this radio yesterday，but it (work). 26.A friend of mine (return) to his house after a holiday only to find it had been broken into. 27.When Jack arrived he (learn) Mary had been away for about an hour. 28.We miss Ted a lot, for he (kill) trying to save a child in earthquake. 29.Shortly after we (seat)，a waiter came over to our table with a smile. 30.I have left the light of my office on, so I (go) back and turn it off. 31.The number of the guests who (invite) to the wedding reaches 800. 32.Mr. Smith told us that he (deliver) a speech the next week. 33.The professor asked his assistant whether his report (complete) in a week. 34.I feel it is your husband who (blame) for the spoiled child. 35.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology (change) so rapidly. 36.You can’t move in right now. The house (paint). 37.Shirley (write) a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished. 38.Henry remained silent for a moment. He (think). 39.They believed that by using computers the production of their factory (increase) greatly. 40.We would like to go and thank him ourselves，but we (not find) out his address . 41.I wonder why Jenny (write) us recently. We should have heard from her by now. 42.My father (employ) at this job since 1990. 1
一、选择题 1．Don’t turn on the TV. Grandma ________. A．sleeps B．is sleeping C．sleep D．are sleeping 2．—Look, Tom's parents look so sad. —Maybe they what's happened. A．knew B．have known C．has known D．will know 3．— How about going for a drive, Mike? — One moment, please! I __________ cleaning our room soon. A．will finish B．have finished C．finish D．finishes 4．I like this dress very much. It soft and smooth. A．feels B．touches C．is felt D．is touched 5．—________ a remake (翻拍) of the famous Disney movie Lion King in July, 2019. — Really? I can't wait to see it. A．There will have B．There is going to have C．There will be 6．— Morning, Mike! Did you sleep well last night? — Yes. I went to bed at 9:30 because there ______ a math test this afternoon. A．was B．will be C．is going to have 7．Which of the following sentences is correct? A．He came in and sat down. B．We all like
英语语法大全之种时态 TPMK standardization office【 TPMK5AB- TPMK08- TPMK2C- TPMK18】
师大附小 英语语法大全小学教育 Jwwang 2017-8-16
目录 一、什么是时态？ (1) 1.1 时间的定义 (1) 1.2 状态的定义 (1) 二、动词的十二类时态 (2) 2.1 一般式 (2) 2.1.1 一般现在时（DO） (2) 2.1.2 一般过去时（DID） (2) 2.1.3 一般将来时（WILL DO） (2) 2.2 进行式 (3) 2.2.1 现在进行时（AM/IS/ARE DOING） (3) 2.2.2 过去进行时（WAS/WERE DOING） (3) 2.2.3 将来进行时（WILL BE DOING） (3) 2.3 完成式 (4) 2.3.1 现在完成时（HAVE/HAS DONE） (4) 2.3.2 过去完成时（HAD DONE） (4) 2.3.3 将来完成时（WILL HAVE DONE） (5) 2.4 完成进行式 (5) 2.4.1 现在完成进行时（HAVE/HAS BEEN DOING） (5) 2.4.2 过去完成进行时（HAD BEEN DOING） (6) 2.4.3 将来完成进行时（WILL HAVE BEEN DOING） (6) 2.5 过去将来时 (7) 2.5.1 一般过去将来时（WOULD DO） (8) 2.5.2 过去将来进行时（WOULD BE DOING） (8) 2.5.3 过去将来完成时（WOULD HAVE DONE） (8) 2.5.4 过去将来完成进行时（WOULD HAVE BEEN DOING） (8)