英美文学考前串讲（7）
American Literature
Chapter 1 The Romantic Period
I. Choose the right answer:
1. Of all the following issues, _____is definitely NOT the focus of the Romantic writers in the American literary history.
A. Puritan morality
B. Human bestiality
C. Noble savages
D. Divinity of man
Answer: B (P401)
2. Henry David Thoreau’s work, ________, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of the New England Transcendental Movement.
A. Walden
B. The Pioneers
C. Nature
D. "Song of Myself"
Answer: A (P402)
3. "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind" is a famous quote from______’s writings.
A. Walt Whitman
B. Henry David Thoreau
C. Herman Melville
D. Ralph Waldo Emerson
Answer: D (P402)
4. ’Leaves of Grass’ commands great attention because of its uniquely poetic embodiment of________, which are written in the founding documents of both the Revolutionary War and the American Civil War.
A. the democratic ideals
B. the romantic ideals
C. the self-reliance spirits
D. the religious ideals
Answer: A (P447)
5. According to Whitman, the genuine participation of a poet in a common cultural effort was to behave as a supreme_________.
A. democrat
B. individualist
C. romanticist
D. leader
Answer: B (P448)
6. The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as ___________.
A. The Naturalist Period
B. The Modern Period
C. The Romantic Period
D. The Realistic Period
Answer: C (P399)
7. In the following works, which sign the beginning of the American literature?
A. The Sketch Book
B. Leaves of Grass
C. Leather Stocking Tales
D. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
B (P399)
8. _____is the author of the work ’The Legend of Sleepy Hollow’.
A. Washington Irving
B. James Joyce
C. Walt Whitman
D. William Butler Yeats
Answer: A (P404)
9. Washington Irving’s ’Rip Van Winkle’ is famous for_________.
A. Rip’s escape into a mysterious
B. The story’s German legendary source material
C. Rip’s seeking for happiness
D. Rip’s 20-years sleep
Answer: D (P406)
10. Which of the following statement is not true about Washington Irving?
A. Washington Irving is regarded as Father of the American short stories.
B. Irving’s relationship with the Old World in terms of his literary imagination can hardly be ignored considering his success both abroad and at home.
C. Irving’s taste was essentially progressive or radical.
D. Washington Irving has always been regarded as a writer who "perfected the best classic style that American literature ever produced."
Answer: C (P403---406)
11. The Publication of ______established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.
A. Nature
B. Self-Reliance
C. The American Scholar
D. The Over-Soul
Answer: A (P420)
12. The phrase "a transparent eye-ball’ compares philosophical mentation of Emerson’s. It appears in_________.
A. The American Scholar
B. Nature
C. The over Soul
D. Essays: Second Series
Answer: B (P423)
13. In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled _______at Harvard, which was hailed by Oliver Wendell Holmeasas :Our Intellectual Declaration of Independence".
A. "Self-Reliance"
B. "Divinity School Address"
C. "The American Scholar"
D. "Nature"
Answer: C (P423)
14. _____is the most ambivalent (有争议的) writers in the American literary history.
A. Nathaniel Hawthorne
B. Walt Whitman
C. Ralph Waldo Emerson
D. Mark Twain
Answer: A (P429)
15. "There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity", which author of the following authors does the mention belong to________.
A. Washington Irving
B. Ralph Waldo Emerson
C. Nathaniel Hawthorne
D. Walt Whitman
Answer: C (P431)
16. In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as________.
A. saviors
B. villains
C. commentators
D. observers
Answer: B (P432)
17. All of the following are works by Nathaniel Hawthorne except_______.
A. The House of the Seven Gables
B. White Jacket
C. The Marble Faun
D. The Blithedale Romance
Answer: B (P431)
18. Walt Whitman is radically innovative in the form of his poetry. What he prefers for his new subject is__________.
A. free verse
B. blank verse
C. lyric poem
D. heroic couplet
Answer: A (P450)
19. Which of the following features cannot characterize poems by Walt Whitman?
A. Lyrical and well-structured
B. Free-flowing
C. Simple and rather crude
D. Conversational and casual
Answer: A (P450---451)
20. " The horizon’s edge, the flying sea-crow, the fragrance of salt marsh and shore mud. These became part of that child who went forth every day, and who now goes, and will always go forth every day." The two lines are taken from____________.
A. "There Was a Child Went Forth" by Walt Whitman
B. "In a Station of the Metro" by Ezra Pound
C. "Cavalry Crossing a Ford" by Walt Whitman
D. "Ulysses" by Joyce
Answer: A (P454)
21. "Moby Dick" is regarded as the first American_________.
A. Prose epic
B. Comic epic
C. Dramatic fiction
D. Poetic fiction
Answer: A (P460)
22. The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT________.
A. mystery of the universe
B. sin of the whale
C. power of the great Nature
D. evil of the world
Answer: B (P461)
23. Which of the following comments on the writings by Herman Melville is not true?
A. "Bartleby, the Scrivener" is a short story.
B. "Benito Cereno" is a novella.
C. The Confidence---Man has something to do with the sea and sailors.
D. Moby-Dick is regarded as the first American prose epic.
Answer: C (P459---460)
24. The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling, and second, the individual is____, therefore, self-reliant.
A. insignificant
B. vicious by nature
C. divine
D. forward-looking
Answer: C (P402)
II. Read the quoted part and answer the questions:
1. "Time grew worse and worse with Rip Van Winkle as years of matrimony rolled on: a tart temper mellows with age, and a sharp tongue is the only edge tool that grows keener by constant use. For a long while he used to perpetual club of the sages, philosophers, and other idle personages of the village.
Questions:
1) Please identify the author and the title of the work.
2) What’s the meaning of this passage?
参考答案:
1) This is an excerpt from "Rip Van Winkle" by Washington Irving. (P408)
2) With his wife’s dominance at home, the situation became harder and harder for Rip Van Winkle. His wife’s temper became worse and she scolded him for more often. He had to stay in the club with idle people. (P407)
附:
Question: Please describe the changes Rip Van Winkle experienced.
Answer: 1) Rip Van Winkle was the hero in Irving’s works. He was a good-natured man, a henpecked (惧内的，妻管严的) husband.
2) Because his wife’s shrewish (泼妇一样的) treatment, Rip had to escape from his home to the little inn in the village. When it failed to give him some restful air, he had to go hunting in the high mountain, where Rip met a stranger, and the man asked Rip to carry keg for him. Then Rip reached the place in the valley, where many strangers were playing nine-pins. Later Rip got drunk after drinking the liquor, which made him sleep for 20 years.
3) Rip woke up as an old man, entering the village learned that his wife had died, he got the freedom of his own,; and the American had been dependent from the control of Britain, he had changed from a subject of the King (George III) into a citizen of the independent new U.S.....
2. " I celebrated myself, and sing myself,
And what I assume you shall assume,
For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you"
Questions:
1) Please identify the author and the title of the poem that had used when published.
2) What is the theme of this poem?
参考答案:
1) In the 1856, the title was "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American",
then it became "Walt Whitman" in 1860, until 1881, it finally became "Song of Myself". The author is Walt Whitman. (P456--457)
2) In this poem Whitman sets forth two principle beliefs:
A. The theory of universality (普遍性), which is illustrated by lengthy catalogues of people and things;
B. The belief in the singularity (个别性) and equality(平等性) of all beings in value. (P457)
3. "Standing on the bare ground, ----my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space, -----all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all."
Questions:
1) Please identify the author and the title of the work.
2) Please briefly interpret this passage.
3). What rhetorical device of "transparent eye-ball".
4) Emerson said he want to become a transparent eye-ball, what king idea did he want to express?
参考答案:
1) This selection is from "Nature" by Emerson. (P427)
2) In the essay Emerson clearly expresses the main principles of his Transcendentalist pursuit and his love for nature. Emerson develops his concept of "Over-Soul" Or "Universal Mind". Last but not the leas, it affirms the divinity of the human beings. (P423)
3) It used the device of metaphor. (P423)
4) He wanted to tell us: Nature can purify (净化) our quality and let us get comfort. (P243)
III. Questions and answers:
1. The Romantic Period was called "The American Renaissance". Discuss the background of the Romantic Period, and compare it with the Romanticism of Britain.
Answer:
1) The two Romanticism both stress the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature;
2) They all pay attention to psychic states of the characters and exalt the individual and common man;
3) American Romanticism revealed unique characteristics: (difference)
<1> American authors describe their native land,, especially the spirit of the pioneering into the west, the desire for an escape from society and a return to nature;
<2> American writers use local dialect in language;
<3> Puritanism has great influence over American Romantics;
<4> Calvinism of original sin is obvious in their works;
<5> Transcendentalism is very important theory in American Romanticism;
<6> The important setting in American Romanticism are: ① the early puritan settlement; ② the confrontation with the Indians; ③ the frontiersmen’s life; ④ the wild west; ⑤ imagination. (P399—402)
2. Analyze the themes and characteristic of Hawthorne.
Answer:
Hawthorne was a man with inquiring imagination, meditative mind and dark vision to life.
His themes in writing are:
1) Man was born with evil and sin, one source of them is over-reaching intellect, whose image was always villain; (Chllingworth e.g.)
2) Hawthorne was influenced greatly by Puritanism, while he criticized it bitterly;
3) He believed Calvinistic ideas, thinking man was depraved and corrupted; they should obey God for saving the spirits;
4) He concerned the moral life of man and human history;
5) He was keen on the description of man’s development of psychology. (P432—433)
3. Explain the theory of Transcendentalism, then list its important author and works.
Answer:
Transcendentalism is a very important theory in American Romanticism, its main ideas are:
1) Man has the capacity of knowing truth intuitively, or the ability of getting knowledge transcending the senses;
2) Nature is ennobling and individual is divine, therefore, man should be self-reliant.
3) Man is divine/holy and perfectible and man can trust himself to decide what is right and act accordingly; (but to Hawthorne and Melville man is a sinner);
4) Universe is over-soul -a symbol of the spirit, God or the universe, there is an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal "over-soul" -unity of Nature.
5) The important authors are: Emerson (The American Scholar) and Thoreau.
6) "Nature", Emerson’s works, is called the unofficial manifesto for the club. (P421—P422)
4. Hawthorne was a master in using symbol and allegory; cite some example to analyze it.
Answer:
1) Allegorically, Young Goodman Brown becomes an Everyman called Brown, who will be aged in one night by an evil adventure, and the evilness makes everyone a fallen idol in the world.
2) In the angle of Symbol: "Brown look up to the Heaven and resist the wicked one" symbols Brown has the force to resist the evilness of the Nature and he still has the faith to God; but "he is alone in the forest" symbols the society is the place full of sins and evilness, Brown’s strength is not enough at all; then after returning, he lives a dismal and gloomy life symbols he has been crushed down by the social evilness and lost his belief in goodness and piety. (P434—435)
5. Washington Irving was called "Father of the American short stories" and "the American Goldsmith". What characteristics did he have?
Answer:
1) He was nostalgic author, and he always juxtaposing the Old and the New world;
2) He remained a conservative and always exalted a disappearing past, and he prefer the past to present, prefer a dream-like world to a real one;
3) His stories were always from legend, especially German legends, showing best classic style. (P405—406)
6. Sea adventures are Melville’s favorite subject; "Moby-Dick" is a great novel in the theme, which is also noted for its symbolism, please analyze it in detail.
Answer:
1) About the sea adventure: it symbols the voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe; a spirit exploration into man’s deep reality and psychology;
2) About the boat; it symbols the society, and the crew symbol all kinds of people with different
social and ethnic ideas;
3) About the white whale: To the author, it symbols nature, it is a complex, unfathomable and beautiful; To the captain Ahab, it is evilness, is a wall. So he will lead all his crew to cut through the wall to dig out all the unknown, mysterious things behind it. To the narrator, Ishmael, it is a mystery. (P460—461)
7. Walt Whitman is a unique poet. Can you explain what make him unique?
Answer:
1) His themes are: Democracy; the Revolutionary War and the Civil War; freedom; openness; brotherhood; individualism; the growth of industry and the wealth of the cities; universality.
2) His styles are special: "free verse"; "catalogue"; simple and even crude language. (P448-551)
绝密★考试结束前 全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试 英美文学选读试题 课程代码：00604 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。全部题目用英文作答。 选择题部分 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。 2．每小题选出答案后，用2 B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。 I. Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each) Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet. 1. Shakespeare has established his giant position in world literature with his ______ plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems. A. 27 B. 38 C.47 D. 52 2. john Milton’s literary achievement can be divided into three groups: the early poetic works, the middle prose pamphlets and the last ______. A. romances B. dramas C. great poems D. ballads 3. The novels of ______ are the first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower— class people. A. John Milton B. Daniel Defoe C. Henry Fielding D. Jonathan Swift
Chapter I The Renaissance Period Definitions of the Literary Terms: 文艺复兴时期的界定 1. The Renaissance: The Renaissance marks a transition from the medie val to the modern world. Generally, it refers to the period between the 14 th & 17th centuries. 历史文化背景It first started in Italy, with the flowering of painting, sculpture & literature. From Italy the movement went to emb race the rest of Europe. The Renaissance, which means "rebirth" or "reviva l," is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, such as the re-discovery of ancient Roman & Greek culture, the new discoverie s in geography & astrology, the religious reformation & the economic expa nsion. The Renaissance, therefore, in essence is a historical period in whic h the European humanist thinkers & scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that e xpressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, & to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church. 2. 文艺复兴到英国比较晚的原因The Renaissance was slow in reaching Englan d not only becaus e o f England?s separation from the Continent but also be cause of its domestic unrest. It was not until the reign of Henry VIII that the Renaissance really began to show its effect in England. With Henry VII I?s encouragement the Oxford reformers, scholars and humanists introduc ed classical literature to England. 15th century, began the English Renaissa nce, which was perhaps England?s Golden Age, especially in literature. 人文主义H umanism: Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. It sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the ancient author s and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its consci ous, intellectual side, for the Greek and Roman civilization was based on s uch a conception that man is the measure of all things. Through the new l earning, humanists not only saw the arts of splendor and enlightenment, b ut the human values represented in the works. Renaissance humanists fou nd in the classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see th at human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfections, and that the world they inhabited was thei rs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy. Thus, by emphasizin g the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, they voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the bea uty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wond ers. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the b est representatives of the English humanists. The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimi lation.
英美文学选读翻译（英语专业自考） 第一部分：英国文学 第一章文艺复兴时期 文艺复兴标志着一个过渡时期,即中世纪的结束和现代社会的开始。一般来说,文艺复兴时期是从十四世纪到十七世纪中叶。它从意大利兴起,伴随着绘画、雕塑和文学领域的百花齐放,而后文艺复兴浪潮席卷了整个欧洲。文艺复兴,顾名思义即重生、复苏,是由一系列历史事件激发推动的,其中包括对古希腊罗马文化的重新发现。地理天文领域的新发现,宗教改革及经济发展。因此,文艺复兴从本质上是欧洲人文主义者竭力摒弃中世纪欧洲的封建主义,推行代表新兴城市资产阶级利益的新思想,并恢复早期宗教的纯洁性,远离腐败的罗马天主教廷的一场运动。 文艺复兴浪潮影响到英国的速度比较慢,不仅因为英国远离欧洲大陆,而且还因为其国内的动荡不安。乔叟去世后的一个半世纪是英国历史上最动荡不安的时期。好战的贵族篡取了王位,使英国走上自我毁灭之路。著名的玫瑰之战就是极好的例子。后来理查三世的恐怖统治标志着内战的结束,在都铎王朝的统治下英国的民族情感又成长起来。然而直到亨利八世统治期间(1509-1547),文艺复兴的春风才吹入英国。在亨利八世的鼓励下,牛津的改革派学者和人文主义者们将古典文学引入英国。基于古典文学作品及《圣经》的教育重获生机,而十五世纪就被广泛传阅的文学作品则更加流行了。自此,英国的文艺复兴开始了。英国,尤其是英国文学进入了黄金时代。这个时期涌现出莎士比亚、斯宾塞、约翰逊、锡德尼、马洛、培根及邓恩等一大批文学巨匠。但英国的文艺复兴并未使新文学与旧时代彻底决裂,带有十四、十五世纪特点的创作态度与情感依然贯穿在人文主义与改革时代。 人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。它源于努力恢复中世纪产生的对古希腊罗马文化的尊崇。人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以"人"为中心,人是万物之灵。通过这些对古代文化崭新的研究,人文主义者不仅看到了光彩夺目的艺术启明星,还在那古典作品中寻求到了人的价值。在中世纪的社会中,个人完全隶属于封建统治,没有独立和自由可言;在中世纪的神学理论中,人与周围世界的关系仅仅是人消极适应或消极遁世,不允许追求快乐,以备死后灵魂得以超脱。然而人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到了充足的论据,来赞美人性,并开始注意到人类是光荣的生命,人自己可以不断发展,至善至美,而且人们生存的世界是属于他们的,供他们怀疑、探索以及享受。由此,人文主义者通过强调人类的尊严、强调今生今世的重要性,喊出了他们的信仰,即人类不仅有权利在今生今世美好生活,而且还有能力完善自我,创造奇迹。人文主义遍布英国思想领域的。标志是荷兰学者伊拉斯谟先后到牛津大学与剑桥大学讲授古典文化研究。托马斯·漠尔、克利斯朵夫·马洛和威廉·莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。
C.威廉莎士比亚《威尼斯商人》《哈姆雷特》 《暴风雨》 十四行诗 F.约翰弥尔顿 《利西达斯》 《失乐园》 《复乐园》 《力士参孙》 C.丹尼尔笛福 《鲁滨逊漂流记》D.乔纳森斯威夫特《格列佛游记》 E.亨利菲尔丁 《汤姆琼斯》 A.威廉布莱克 B.威廉华兹华斯 E.珀比雪莱 G.简奥斯汀 《傲慢与偏见》 A.查尔斯狄更斯《雾都孤儿》 B.布朗蒂姐妹 《简爱》 《呼啸山庄》 F.托马斯哈代 《德伯家的苔丝》A.萧伯纳 《华伦夫人的职业》D.T.S.艾略特 《荒原》 E.戴维赫伯特劳伦斯《儿子与情人》 C.纳撒尼尔霍桑《红字》 《小伙子布朗》 D.华尔特惠特曼《草叶集》 E.赫尔曼麦尔维尔《白鲸》 A.马克吐温 《哈克贝里费恩》B.亨利詹姆斯
《黛西米勒》 C.艾米莉狄金森 D.西奥多德莱塞 《嘉丽妹妹》 B.罗伯特弗洛斯特 《摘苹果后》 《未选择的路》 《雪夜停马在林边》 D.司各特菲兹杰拉德 《了不起的盖茨比》 E.欧内斯特海明威 《在我们的时代里》 网格本下载地址《外国文学名著丛书》上海译文出版社 https://www.doczj.com/doc/c4485177.html,/topics/2749655/ 目录: 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】亨利四世(上册)[德]亨利希·曼董问樵.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】亨利四世(下册)[德]亨利希·曼董问樵.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】亨利四世(中册)[德]亨利希·曼董问樵.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】呼啸山庄[英]艾米莉·勃朗特方平.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】红与黑[法]司汤达郝运.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】红字[美]霍桑侍桁等.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】斯巴达克思.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】死魂灵[俄]果戈理满涛等.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】谁在俄罗斯能过好日子[俄]涅克拉索夫飞白.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】鲵鱼之乱[捷克]卡·恰佩克贝京.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】唐璜[英]拜伦查良铮.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】堂吉诃德[西]塞万提斯杨绛译上.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】堂吉诃德[西]塞万提斯杨绛译下.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】汤姆大伯的小屋[美]斯陀夫人黄继忠.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】特利斯当与伊瑟[法]贝迪耶罗新璋.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】变形记[古罗马]奥维德杨周翰.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】悲剧二种[古希腊]埃斯库罗斯罗念生.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】悲剧二种[古希腊]欧里庇得斯罗念生.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】悲剧二种[古希腊]索福克勒斯罗念生.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】沙恭达罗[印度]迦梨陀娑季羡林.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】社会毒瘤[菲律宾]何塞·黎萨尔陈尧光.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】神曲地狱篇[意大利]但丁朱维基.pdf 【外国文学名著丛书】·网格本\【外国文学名著丛书】神曲地狱篇[意大利]但丁田德望.pdf
英美文学选读作家作 品列表
The Renaissance Period 1. Edmund Spenser ①The shepheardes Calender 牧人日记 ②The Faerie Queene 仙后 ③Epithalamion 新婚喜歌 2．Christopher Marlowe Tamburlaine 帖木儿 Dr. Faustus 浮士德博士的悲剧 The Jew of Malta 马耳他的犹太人 Edward Ⅱ爱德华2世 Hero and Leander 海洛与勒安德耳 The passionate shepherd to his love 激情的牧人致心爱的姑娘 A verse translation of Ovid’s Amores 翻译了奥维德的爱的艺术 3．William Shakespeare Period1: He wrote 5 history plays HenryⅥ亨利6世 RichardⅢ理查三世 Titus Andronicus 泰托斯。安东尼 4 comedies: The comedy of errors 错误的喜剧.The two Gentlemen of Verona维洛那2绅士. The Taming of the shrew 驯悍记. Love’s Lost 爱的徒劳 Period2： 5 histories: RichardⅡ理查二世 .King john约翰王 HenryⅣ。 HenryⅤ 6 comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream 仲夏夜之梦 The Merchant of Venice Much ado About nothing 无事生非 As You Like It 皆大欢喜 Twelfth Night 第12夜The Merry Wives of Windsor 温沙的风流娘们 2 tragedies: Romeo and Juliet Julius Caesar Period3: includes his greatest tragedies and his so-called dark comedies Tragedies: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear李尔王 Macbeth麦克白 ,Antony and Cleopatra 安东尼与克里奥佩特拉,Troilus and Cressida 特络绎勒斯与克里西达,and Coriolanus克里奥拉那斯. 2 comedies: All’s Well That Ends Well 终成眷属 and Measure for Measure一报还一报 Period4: romantic tragicomedies: Pericles伯里克里, Cymbeline 辛白林,The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest暴风雨, 2 final plays: Henry Ⅷ，The Two Noble Kinsmen 2位贵族亲戚 4．Francis Bacon
英国文学 ①上古及中世纪 民族史诗（The National epic）:[Beowulf] 乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer): [The Canterbury Tales] [The Romaunt of the Rose] [The Legend of Good Women] [Troilus and Criseyde] ②文艺复兴时期 斯宾塞（Edmund Spenser）:[The Faerie Queene] 马洛(Christopher Marlowe): [Dr Faustus] [Tamburlaine] 莎士比亚(William Shakespeare): [HenryⅣ] [The Merchant of Venice] [Hamlet] [Othello] [King Lear] [Macbeth] [Romeo and Juliet] 培根（Francis Bacon）:
[Novum Organum] [Of Studies] 邓恩（John Donne）: [The Songs and Sonnets] [The Sun Rising] [Death, Be Not Proud] 弥尔顿（John Milton）: [Paradise Lost] [Paradise Regained] [Samson Agonistes] ③新古典主义时期 班扬（John Bunyan）:[The Pilgrim’s Progress] 蒲柏（Alexander Pope）: [An Essay on Criticism] [The Dunciad] [The Rape of the Lock] [An Essay on Man] 笛福（Daniel Defoe）:[Robinson Crusoe] 斯威夫特（Jonathan Swift）: [A Tale of a Tub] [The Battle of the Books] [The Drapier’s Letters]
Chapter 2 The Neoclassical Period 一、单项选择题 1.In Elegy Written in a country Churchyard, Thojmas Gray reveals his sympathy for ----, but mocks the great ones who despise them and bring havoc on them. A the poor and the unknown B the middle class C the proletariat D the landlords 2. “surface”, “Sneerwell,” “backbite,” “Candour” are most likely the names of the characters in --- A Shaw’s Mrs Warren’s Profession B Sheridan’s The School for Scandal C Shakespeare’s Love’s Labour’s L ost D Christopher Marlowe’s Dr. Faustus 3.In the theatrical world of the neoclassical period, ----- was the leading figure among the host of playwrights. A William Blake B Richard Brinsley Sheridan C Ben Johnson D George Bernard Shaw 4.“To be so distin guished is an honor, which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge.” A ironic B jealous C delightful D humorous 5.Samuel Johnson was the ----- great neolassicist enlighterer in the later 18th century. A last B only C first D all the above are wrong 6.Which of the following novels is not written by Henry Fielding? A Jonathan Wild B Moll Flanders
自考英美文学选读要点总结精心整理 [英国』Chapter1 The Renaissance period（14世纪至七世纪中叶）文艺复兴 1、Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance、人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。 2、 the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things、人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心，人是万物之灵。 3、 Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy、人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到充足的论据，来赞美人性，并开始注意到人类是崇高的生命，人可以不断发展完善自己，而且世界是属于他们的，供他们怀疑，探索以及享受。 4、 Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English
The Renaissance Period 1、 Edmund Spenser ①The shepheardes Calender 牧人日记 ②The Faerie Queene 仙后 ③Epithalamion 新婚喜歌 2.Christopher Marlowe Tamburlaine 帖木儿 Dr、Faustus 浮士德博士的悲剧 The Jew of Malta 马耳她的犹太人 Edward Ⅱ爱德华2世 Hero and Leander 海洛与勒安德耳 The passionate shepherd to his love 激情的牧人致心爱的姑娘 A verse translation of Ovid’s Amores 翻译了奥维德的爱的艺术 3.William Shakespeare Period1: He wrote 5 history plays HenryⅥ亨利6世 RichardⅢ理查三世 Titus Andronicus 泰托斯。安东尼 4 comedies: The comedy of errors 错误的喜剧、The two Gentlemen of Verona维洛那2绅士、The Taming of the shrew 驯悍记、Love’s Lost 爱的徒劳 Period2: 5 histories: RichardⅡ理查二世、King john约翰王HenryⅣ。HenryⅤ 6 comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream 仲夏夜之梦The Merchant of Venice Much ado About nothing 无事生非As You Like It 皆大欢喜Twelfth Night 第12夜The Merry Wives of Windsor 温沙的风流娘们 2 tragedies: Romeo and Juliet Julius Caesar Period3: includes his greatest tragedies and his so-called dark comedies Tragedies: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear李尔王Macbeth麦克白,Antony and Cleopatra 安东尼与克里奥佩特拉,Troilus and Cressida 特络绎勒斯与克里西达,and Coriolanus克里奥拉那斯、 2 comedies: All’s Well That Ends Well 终成眷属and Measure for Measure一报还一报 Period4: romantic tragicomedies: Pericles伯里克里, Cymbeline 辛白林,The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest暴风雨, 2 final plays: Henry Ⅷ,The Two Noble Kinsmen 2位贵族亲戚 4.Francis Bacon
The Renaissance Period 文艺复兴时期 Beowulf 《贝奥武夫》：第一部最古老、最长的较完整的文学作品The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》小说集，描写了各行各业中的人物形象 Italy 三方面：painting+sculputre+literature 主要作家： William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亚 The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》 （1）手法：pun 双关（“Not on thy sole,but on thy soul,harsh Jew /Thou mak ’st thy knife keen.”“狠心的犹太人,你不是在鞋口上磨刀,而是在你的心口上磨刀”） （2）主人公名字：安东尼奥Antonio 巴萨尼奥Bassanio 鲍西亚Portia 犹太人Jews 夏洛克Shylock 生平2long poems 154sonnets 38plays Venus and Adonis 《维纳斯与安东尼斯》 The Rape of Lucrece 《鲁克丽丝受辱记》 四大喜剧A Midsummer Night’s Dream 《仲夏夜之梦》 As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》 Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》 The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》
Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》 （1）手法：soliloquy 独白（“To be,or not to be —that is the question ”） （2）The first and the most popular play of Shakespeare 十四行诗（18） （1）起源Italy 引入英国的人Wyatt 华埃特 （2）经典名句：“Shall I compare thee to a summer ’s day?”我 可能把你和夏天相比拟？ （3）修辞：Personification 拟人手法 （4）主题：美好夏日通常短暂，但诗歌之美却能永存。 A nice summer's day is usually transient,but the beauty in poetry can last forever 四大悲剧哈罗李白Macbeth 《麦克白》 King Lear 《李尔王》Othello 《奥赛罗》 Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》 四 个 时 期学徒期：5部历史剧、4部戏剧个性期巅峰期：悲剧、悲喜剧（黑色喜剧） 晚年期 5部历史、6部喜剧 剧2部悲剧：Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》表达乐观情绪：optimistic 运用反讽刺手法：irony 浪漫悲喜剧：The Tempest 《暴风雨》 最后两部剧：《亨利八世》、《两位贵族亲戚》
英美文学考前串讲（7） American Literature Chapter 1 The Romantic Period I. Choose the right answer: 1. Of all the following issues, _____is definitely NOT the focus of the Romantic writers in the American literary history. A. Puritan morality B. Human bestiality C. Noble sav ages D. Divinity of man Answer: B (P401) 2.Henry David Thoreau’s work, ________, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of the New England Transcende ntal Movement. A. Walden B. The Pioneers C. Nature D. "Song of Myself" Answer: A (P402) 3. "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind" is a famous quote fr om______’s writings. A. Walt Whitman B. Henry David Thoreau C. Herman Melville D. Ralph Waldo Eme rson Answer: D (P402) 4. Leaves of Grass’commands great attention because of its uniquely poetic embodiment of ________, which are written in the founding documents of both the Revolutionary War and t he American Civil War. A. the democratic ideals B. the romantic ideals C. the self-reliance spirits D. the relig ious ideals Answer: A (P447) 5. According to Whitman, the genuine participation of a poet in a common cultural effort was to behave as a supreme_________. A. democrat B. individualist C. romanticist D. lead er Answer: B (P448) 6. The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as ___________. A. The Naturalist Period B. The Modern Period C. The Romantic Period D. The Realistic Pe riod Answer: C (P399) 7. In the following works, which sign the beginning of the American literature? A. The S ketch Book B. Leaves of Grass C. Leather Stocking Tales D. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn B (P399) 8._____is the author of the work ’The Legend of Sleepy Hollow’. A. Washington Irving B. James Joyce C. Walt Whitman D. William Butler Yeats Answer: A (P404) 9. Washington Irving’s ’Rip Van Winkle’is famous for_________. A. Rip’s escape into a mysterious B. The story’s German legendary source material C. Rip’s seeking for happiness D. Rip’s 20-years sleep Answer: D (P406) 10. Which of the following statement is not true about Washington Irving? A. Washington Irving is regarded as Father of the American short stories. B. Irving’s relationship with the Old World in terms of his literary imagination can hardly be ign
2009年4月英美文学选读自考试题 全国2009年4月自考 英美文学选读试题 课程代码：00604 请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上(全部题目用英文作答) I. Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each) Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement and write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet. 1. In Renaissance, the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to do the following EXCEPT ______. A. getting rid of those old feudalist ideas B. getting control of the parliament and government C. introducing new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie D. recovering the purity of the early church, from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church 2. The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by ______. A. Surrey B. Wyatt C. Sidney D. Shakespeare
[转帖]英美文学选读学习技巧 我是外贸英语大专毕业的，为了拿到本科文凭，我的首选当然是英语专业，第一年我顺利就拿到8份单科毕业证书，今年四月我只剩听说与英美文学最难的二门。通过今年考试我感受很深，也领悟很多。我想这里开一个英美文学学习技巧话题，大家能交流一下学习经验或小窍门，为没通过或即将要考英美文学同学提供多一点信息和帮助。谢谢！ 首先我想与大家谈论一下参考书，我能理解大家想偷机取巧的想法，参考书必定是比课本薄得多，看上去象精选集，但事实并非如此，实际考题说明一切。考题不会超大纲，答案自然都在书上。只不过来年考题会从越来越偏僻角落去选择，所以课本也就越发重要。我现在都能想象出题老师得意笑容，"我出的题难什么，都在书上"。 当我看完第一遍书时，其过程实在是艰涩痛苦，捏着厚厚书真觉得苦海无涯，望也望不到出头之日。但奇妙的感觉在后面，当我第二，三，四遍看完，当然到后面是以翻看形式了，书本捏在手上变得越来越薄了。我认为以课本为基础，在自己脑海中形成的超薄精选集才是正直实用有效的参考书，在网上是下载不到，书店里也买不到。你所需要做的是把这课本看懂，读透，翻烂。I don't want to say this is only choice, but it actually is, and an m ost direct and efficient way. Dont find too much resources, which cant easy your jo b, but increase your burden. 我看见许多人说背不出，或怎样背。大家都是这条路上过来的难兄难弟，多半白天要上班，晚上要背书，有段时间我近似绝望，怀疑自己提早进入老年痴呆症，健忘症。我不断弄混名字，作品，时期，英美不分。就现在考题看来，题型已不是单纯浅显记忆题，而是在此基础上的综合理解题，在今年的部分选择题，简答题里都是这样。如果不掌握最基本的（纯粹背的），PASS是绝无希望。这里我介绍自己的记忆方法，这方法帮我走出维谷，希望对你们会有些帮助。 我的方法是建立一个树枝结构。复习开始时面对的最大困惑是东西太多，无从下手，而且更糟是前背后忘记，忘得比背得快，简直是没天理，花下去的时间精力似乎打了水漂。当然要让每个作家都能象对Shakespeare一样一听就有个大概印象，没有充足广泛阅读量是无法做到的。既然太深一下子沉不到海底，我索性浮起来从面上抓，我的树枝结构应运而生。可以说书前的目录就是主树杆，每个时期是树枝，每个作家便是树叉，单是这样还是很抽像很难记，加上不同的"色彩形状的叶子"，开始不用很多，节选作品，称号（e.g. the father of ..... or the Poet's Poet），相关术语（Whitman-free verse, Emerson-trascandentalis m），正是这些"叶子"使树叉有其独特之处，成为记忆的载体。这样我一下子把英美文学浓缩成二张卡片，在回家上班路上忙里偷闲时看一下，记一下，背一下。嗨，各位，这真得很有效噢，在很短时间内，我可以做出60％的选择题了，并将茫然无序的思路理清。Though my tree is still in winter, "if winter comes, can Spring be far behind?"。这也许可作为根基吧，但其巩固是在这棵树枝繁叶茂的过程中，基础巩固与细节化是相辅相承的。然后我准备了一份小册子，一页一位作家，每页再加上作家主要作品，风格，特点，作品情节，语言，人物描写，功献，第一或最后本作品，最成功作品，最....，通过你不断从课本中汲取，你的树会茁壮成长，并且由重点到细节，从记忆，熟悉，理解整个过程基本附合考纲要
1. …I glaneed back once. A wafer of a moon was shining over Gatsby's house, making the ni ght fine as before, and survi ving the laughter and the sound of his still glowing garden. A sudden emptiness seemed to flow now from the windows and the great doors, endowing with complete isolation the figure of the host, who stood on the porch, his hand up in a formal gesture of farewell. A. lden tify the author and the title of the no vel from which this passage is take n. F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby B. The passage describes the end of an eve nt. What is it? It is a description of the end of a big party C. What implied meaning can you get from read ing this passage? The passage hints at the meaninglessness, spiritual emptiness and vanity of such a life of pleasure-seeking. There is a tragic sense that the party ”will be over. 2. My ton gue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air, Born here of pare nts born here from pare nts the same, and their pare nts the same, I, now thirty-seve n years old in perfect health begi n, Hoping to cease not till death. A. Iden tify the poet and the title of the poem. Whitman, Song of Myself B. What do "soil" and "air" represe nt in the first line? America, his coun try, his n ative land C. What does the poet try to say in the above four lin es? I was born and nurtured by this land and shall from now on devote my whole life to the coun try. 3. I celebrate myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For every atom bel onging to me as good bel ongs to you. I loafe and inv ite my soul, I lea n and loafe at my ease observ ing a spear of summer grass. ” (From Walt Whitman ' So ng of Myself ”) A. Who does myself ” refer to ? The poet himself and the America n people. B. How do you un dersta nd the line I loafe and in vite my soul? ” The line in dicates a separati on of the body and the soul. C. What does a spear of summer grass "symbolize? The phrase in dicates Whitma n ' optimism and experie nee. 4. "A nd the n ative hue of resoluti on/Is sicklied o 'r with the pale cast of thought." (Shakespeare, Humlet) A. What does the "n ative hue of resoluti on" mea n? determ in ati on (determ inedn ess, actio n, activity, ...) B. What does the "pale cast of thought" sta nd for? con siderati on (in decisi on, in activity, hesitati on,...) C. What idea do the two lines express? Too much thi nking (con siderati on,...) made (makes) activity (acti on) impossible. 5. "Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere; /Destroyer and Preserver; hear, O hear!" A. Ide ntify the poem and the poet. Shelley ' Ode to the West Wind B. What is the "Wild Spirit"? The West Wind; "breath of Autumn ' being" C. What does the "Wild Spirit" destroy and preserve? It destroys things that are dead, it preserves new life. 6. "Whe n the mini ster spoke from the pulpit, with power and fervid eloque nee, and, with his hands on the ope n bible, of the sacred truths of our religi on, and of sain t-like lives and triumpha nt deaths, and of future bliss or misery unu tterable, the n did Goodma nBrow n turn pale, dreadi ng, lest the roof should thun der dow n upon the gray blasphemer and his hearers. A. Ide ntify the title of the short story from which this part is take n. Hawthorne ' Young Goodman Brown B. What had happe ned in the story before this church sce ne? Brow n had atte nded a witches ' party where he saw many prom inent people of the village, the mini ster in cluded. C. Why was Goodma n Brow n afraid the roof might thun der dow n? Brow n was shocked by the mini ster, secretly a member of the evil club, who could talk about sacred truths of the religi on ope nly and un ashamedly. He thought God would punish such hypocrites dow n on them. 7. (A lot of comm on objects have bee n enu merated before, and here are the last two lines of There Was a Child Went Forth :) The horizon ' edge, the flying sea-crow, the fragranee of salt marsh and shore mud. These became part of that child who went forth every day, and who now goes, and will always go forth every day. A. Who is the author of this poem? What is the title of the poem? Whitma n. There was a Child Went Forth B. What does the "Child" sta nd for in the poem? The young grow ing America. C. In one or two senten ces, i nterpret the implied meaning of the two lin es. The poet uses his childhood experie nee of grow ing up and lear ning about the world around him to imply that young America will grow and develop like that. D. How do you un dersta nd These became part of the child ”？ It is interesting to reexamine the sequenee of the items list in this poem which became part of the child ". They reflect the natural process of a boy ' growth. At first, his world was limited within the barnyard. Later, he sought into fields and streets. Then, he became interested in something more mysterious —his fellow huma n bein gs. Fin ally, he was on the symbolic threshold of the outside world, the sea. He had grow n in to a young man from a boy. 8. And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin, Whe n I am pinned and wriggli ng on the wall. Then how should begi n