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英美概况--英国地理

英美概况--英国地理
英美概况--英国地理

Chapter 1 General Introduction to Physiographical Features of the UK

?The Locations of the UK

?The Physiographical Features of the UK

?Rivers and Mountains

?Climate and weather

?Population

?The Major Cities

?Exercises and Answers

Focus questions

?What is the full name of the British state?

?What countries does it consist of?

?What is the total population of the United Kingdom? Where do most British people live? What is the most densely populated area of Britain? What is the least populated?

?What are the major cities in Britain?

Three terms

The complicated full name of the UK

The location of the UK

?Britain is situated in western Europe and is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel.

?It is an insular country. Its coastline runs 12,429 km, It is one of the countries with longest coastline.

?To the west of it lies the Atlantic Ocean, across and beyond it is America.

The Physiographical Features of the UK

?Varied landscape

?Flatlands in England

?Mountains in Scoltland and Wales

England

England

?A flatland country, also called Lowland zone

?Pennines: the backbone of England

?Lake district

?Highly urbanized

-80% of population living in cities

-only 2% working in agriculture

?Physically largest with largest population

?Dominance in: size/ culture/ economy

-take England for UK

Lake District

William Wordsworth

Scotland

Scotland

Ben Nevis

Airth castle

Stirling castle

Wales

Wales

Northern Ireland

?Smallest among the four nations in Britain

?Mostly rural, low hills, beautiful lake in the south- west, rugged coastline

Giant’s causeway (巨人之路) (1)

Giant’s causeway(3)

Climate and Weather

?A maritime type of climate: rainy, changeable and unpredictable

?rarely rising above 32℃in summer or falls below –10℃in winter. mild winters and cool summers

Population

?The total population: about 62 000 000 (2009)

?Highly urbanized: 80% living in cities and 20% living in the countryside

?The most densely populated area: England

?The least populated area: Northern Ireland

?A multiracial society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of non -European ethnicity.

?The official language: English

Mountains and Rivers

?Pennines:

Chief mountain ranges: the Cambrians

the Grampians

?The Grampians: the largest mountain range in the UK

Ben Nevis: the highest mountain in the UK

An important river in Britain:

River Thames

?the second longest river in the United Kingdom and the longest river entirely in England ?best known for flowing through central London

?its strategic position at the centre of many events in British history

?a major leisure area supporting tourism and pleasure outings as well as the sports of rowing, sailing.

?a special appeal to writers, artists, musicians and film-makers and is well represented in the arts ?many riverside attractions: London Eye, tower of London, House of Parliament, etc.

Description of River Thames by T.S.Eliot(1888-1965)

–Sweet Thames run softly, till I end my song.

–The river bears no empty bottles, sandwich papers,

–Silk handkerchiefs, cardboard boxes cigarette ends

–Or other testimony of summer nights.

?and

–The river sweats

–Oil and tar

–The barges drift

–With the turning tide

–Red sails

–Wide

–To leeward, swing on the heavy spar,

–The barges wash

–Drifting logs

–Down Greenwich reach

–Past the Isle of Dogs

Major cities

London

?-seat of government

-center of culture

-business center

- industrial center

-largest population

-home to all media

-galleries, theatres, museums

-combining functions of

New York,

Washington &

Los Angeles

-One of the four leading

cities in the world:

New York,

Paris, Tokyo

London

?The capital, the largest port and the largest city in Britain

?The City of London +Inner London + Outer London= Greater London

?The commercial center: the West End

?The political center: the City of Westminster (Downing street, Buckingham Palace)

?The cultural center: London University (the biggest)

?The center of Labor Movement (Chartism)宪章运动?The Olympics games held here in 2012

The London Eye

Waterloo bridge

Waterloo Bridge

Waterloo Bridge

?Starring: Vivien Leigh, Robert Taylor

Directed by Mervyn LeRoy.

Produced by Sidney Franklin

Synopsis

Based on the play by Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright Robert E. Sherwood, WATERLOO BRIDGE stars Vivien Leigh as Myra, a shy ballerina whose life is irrevocably altered in war-torn London. It's love at first sight when Myra meets handsome, aristocratic British officer Roy Cronin (Robert Taylor) in the midst of an air raid. The couple soon plans to wed, but Cronin is called to the front, and shortly thereafter a newspaper reports his death. Forced out of ballet school, alone and destitute, Myra turns to prostitution. When she discovers that the newspaper report was inaccurate, Myra is unable to tell Cronin about her professional life, and tragedy ensues...This 10-handkerchief weeper was directed by Mervyn LeRoy. Joseph Ruttenberg`s photography is beautiful, as is the inspired soundtrack by Herbert Stothart (THE WIZARD OF OZ), but what makes WATERLOO BRIDGE is Leigh`s stunning performance and the very real chemistry between her and Robert Taylor.

●an Anglican cathedral

●the seat of the Bishop of London

●one of London's most famous and most recognisable sights

Edinburgh

?the capital city of Scotland

?economic center of Scotland

?a tourist city second only to London in U.K.

?a cultural city,holding an international festival of music and the arts every year

Edinburgh castle

?The symbol of Edinburgh

?situated on a mound of volcanic rock

?one of Scotland's oldest castles, unequalled in the whole of the British Isles

?a remarkable fortress, the historical interest of and former royal residence,

?visited annually by approximately one million people

?No visit to Edinburgh is complete without a visit to Edinburgh Castle

Liverpool

?The second largest port of England

?A metropolitan city

Cardiff

?The capital city of Wales

?A port

Belfast

?The capital of Northern Ireland

?An industrial seaport

Exercises

?The full name of the United Kingdom is ___ and ___.

?The island of Great Britain is made up of ___, ___ and ___.

?The United Kingdom has been a member of ___ since 1973.

?Britain is now a ___ society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of ___ ethnicity. ?London plays a significant role in ___ economic and cultural life. It’s not only the financial ___ of the nation, but also one of the ___ major international financial centers ___.

?The highest mountain in Britain is___

?_____flows through central London and it is a very important river.

?____is the capital of Scotland.

Answers

?The United Kingdom of Great Britain

the Northern Ireland

?England, Scotland, Wales

?European Union

?Multiracial, non-European

?Britain’s, center, three, in the world

?Ben Nevis

?Thames river

?Edinburgh

不好高骛远,也不妄自菲薄,踏踏实实做好每一件事,

美国地理概况

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英美概况(英国篇1:英国的国土与人民 )

I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称:不列颠群岛,大不列颠和英格兰。 2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称:大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones. 不列颠群岛由两个大岛-大不列颠岛(较大的一个)和爱尔兰岛,及成千上万个小岛组成。 4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales. 大不列颠岛上有三个政治区:英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. 英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部,是最大,人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区:北部高地,中部低地及南部山陵。首府:爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府:加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府:贝尔法斯特。 5.The Commonwealth (of nations) is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是曾为英国殖民地的、但现已独立国家所构成的自由联合体。它成立于1931年,至1990年止已有50个成员国。 II. Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 1.Geographical position of Britain: 英国的地理位置: Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 英国是一个岛国。它位于大西洋北部,与欧洲大陆的北海岸隔海相望。南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海将它与欧洲其它部分隔开。 2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands. 英国的西部和北部主要是高地,东部和东南部主要是低地。 III. Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊

世界地理概况填图完整

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世界地理概况练习(提分专用)

世界地理概况练习(提分专用) 一、选择题 (2019·齐鲁名校联考)“一带一路”是“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的简称。丝绸之路经济带,东边牵着亚太经济圈,西边系着欧洲经济圈,被认为是世界上最长、最具发展潜力的经济大走廊。下图为“一带一路”示意图,依据图文材料,回答1~3题。 1.古代中国的商船航行于海上丝绸之路时,下列描述正确的是() A.中国的商船一般选择夏季从中国南方沿海地区出发,冬季从非洲东部沿海地区返回B.夏季航行到索马里附近海域时发现此处水温较低,且海面上有大量捕鱼的渔船 C.当他们顺风由中国泉州南下到新加坡时发现当地正午日影位于南方 D.返航时途经加尔各答可以大量购置棉花,带回国内 2.建设陆上丝绸之路——铁路过程中可能遇到的不利自然条件有() ①气候寒冷,冻土广布②生态环境脆弱,环境保护困难③多高原山地,多地质灾害④沙漠广布,气候恶劣 A.①②④B.①②③ C.②③④D.①③④ 3.随着“一带一路”战略的实施,下列关于沿线国家和地区发生的变化可信的是() ①产业向沿海港口及国际铁路沿线、边境口岸等地区集聚②基础设施投资增大,高速公路、铁路、港口、航空等交通运输系统更完善③资源开发力度增大,环境污染和生态破坏的范围和程度可能加大④欧洲国家通过提供大量资金、技术、管理等方式参与“一带一路”战略,亚欧经济联系更加密切 A.①③B.②③ C.②④D.①④

解析:1.B 2.C 3.A第1题,中国古代商船为实现顺风顺水航行,一般选择冬季从南方沿海出发,夏季从非洲东部沿海地区返回;夏季索马里附近海域由于吹离岸风,形成上升补偿流(索马里寒流),鱼类饵料丰富,是捕鱼的好时机;从中国泉州南下到新加坡时,正值北半球的冬季,太阳直射点位于南半球,新加坡正午日影朝北;加尔各答并不盛产棉花。第2题,陆上丝绸之路主要经过中亚地区,铁路沿线没有冻土分布。第3题,“一带一路”主要发展的是铁路和港口交通系统,②错;欧洲国家没有通过提供资金、技术、管理等方式参与“一带一路”战略,④错。 (2019·武汉模拟)读图,回答4~5题。 4.从成因上看,世界最高山峰与世界最深海沟都位于() A.两大板块的消亡边界B.两个大陆板块交界处 C.两个大洋板块交界处D.板块的内部 5.分析图中信息可知() A.全球陆地面积约为海洋面积的30% B.全球陆地近一半海拔在大陆平均值内 C.海洋平均深度数值远远大于大陆平均高度数值 D.大陆架的海水深度是全球海水平均深度的1/2 解析:4.A 5.C第4题,世界最高峰是珠穆朗玛峰,是亚欧板块与印度洋板块碰撞形成的;世界最深海沟是马里亚纳海沟,是亚欧板块与太平洋板块碰撞形成的;都处于板块的消亡边界。第5题,仔细读图,全球陆地面积约为1.49亿平方千米,约为海洋面积的40%,A错;全球陆地近2/3海拔在大陆平均值内,B错;图中明显表明,海洋平均深度约为4 000 m,而陆地平均高度约为1 000 m。海洋平均深度数值远远大于大陆,C对;大陆架的海水深度一般不超过200 m,而全球海水平均深度为4 000 m,两者相差很大,D错。 (2019·郑州联考)如图为某半球30°~40°纬度带海陆分布示意图。据此完成6~7题。

世界地理北美美国知识总结

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英美概况考试重点复习材料(英国部分)

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(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部,是最大,人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区:北部高地,中部低地及南部山陵。首府:爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府:加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast.北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府:贝尔法斯特。 5. The monwealth (of nations) is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has about 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体。它成立于1931 年,至1990年止已有约50个成员国。 Chapter 2 第二章 The Origins of a Nation (5000BC-1066)英国的起源(公元前5000年—1066年)

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英美概况-英国地理小结

●Great Britain ●Geographical features and the People 1.The British Isles are situated in the northwest part of the Europe. 2.Britain ruled an empire that had 1/4 of the world’s people and 1/4 of the world’s land area. It had colonies in North America, Asia, Africa and Australia. 3.The empire maintains links through a loose organization—Commonwealth of Nations英联邦. 4.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 5.大不列颠和英国的关系:Great Britain【England+Scotland+Wales(英伦三岛)】 +Northern Ireland=The UK 6.The UK—Capital:London Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. --Capital: Edinburgh. Wales is in the west of Great Britain. -- Capital: Cardiff 7.Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. --- Capital: Belfast. 8.英国地势:-- Rising in North-West causes highlands -- Sinking in South-East causes lowlands 9.英国地势优点Advantage: No part of Britain is very far from the coast and it provides a valuable resource. The British coast is long and has good, deep harbors. Sea routes extend far inland, providing cheap transportation. 10.最重要河流:The Thames – the best-known 最长河:The Severn – the longest river 最高山:Ben Nevis(位于Scotland)-the highest mountain 最大山脉:Pennines奔宁山脉(位于England) Pennines: the backbone of England 11.Scotland:Capital--Edinburgh 1)the 2nd largest of the 4 nations 2)famous for its great castle 3)尼斯湖水怪(Loch Ness-Nessie) 12.Wales:Capital:--Cardiff 威尔士人是凯尔特人(Celt)的后裔,会讲Celtic(凯尔特语). 13.英国气候:maritime climate海洋性气候 14.London:世界第四大城市,世界三大经融中心之一,政治经济文化中心 标志性建筑:Buckingham Palace,Big Ben,London Eye,Tower of London,Tower Bridge 15.The United Kingdom has been a member of European Union since 1973 Britain is now a Multiracial society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of non-European ethnicity. London plays a significant role in Britain’s economic and cultural life. It’s not only the financial center of the nation, but also one of the three major international financial centers in the world.

世界地理北美美国知识总结

世界地理北美美国知识 总结 Document number:PBGCG-0857-BTDO-0089-PTT1998

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英国旅游资源介绍

世界旅游地理

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