专题2名词性从句
考点一名词性从句的分类
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，从句要用陈述语序。名词性从句的引导词如下表所示：
引导词功能
从属连词
that 在从句中不作任何句子成分，也没有词汇意义whether，if 在从句中不作任何句子成分，意为“是否”
because，as if/though 在从句中不作任何句子成分，分别意为“因为”，“好像”连接代词
who(ever)，whom，
what(ever)，whose，
which(ever)
who(ever)和what(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whom
在从句中作宾语；which(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语；whose
在从句中作定语
连接副词
when(ever)，where，
wherever，why，how
在从句中作状语
单句语法填空
1．From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
2．They never get angry and are always kind to the students.That’s why the children can always get on well with their robot teachers.
3．My friend Julia brought out all her dresses and told me to take whichever suited me best. 4．Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street，not knowing where she was heading.
单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
5．The notice came around two in the afternoon
∧
that the meeting would be postponed.
6.
Which
What makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
考点二从属连词that，whether与if引导的名词性从句
that引导的名词性从句
that引导名词性从句时本身无意义，只起连接作用，也不在句中作
任何成分。它引导的名词性从句结构和意义都完整，往往用于陈述
事实。引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不能省略。
引导宾语从句时，在口语和非正式文体中，that有时可省略。
that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语的四大句式：1.It＋be＋形容
词；2.It＋be＋名词(短语)；3.It＋be＋过去分词；4.It＋特殊动词或
短语。
whether与
if引导的
名词性从
句的用法
用whether
或if均可的
情况
whether可引导各种名词性从句。引导大部分动词后的宾语从句时，
两者均可。
it作形式主语，且主语从句在句末时，两者均可引导主语从句。
用whether
而不用if的
情况
1.主语从句和宾语从句置于句首时；
2.引导表语从句和同位语从句
时；3.引导介词的宾语从句时；4.引导词与or not连用时；5.引导
词后接to do时；6.有些动词如leave，put，discuss，decide等后
的宾语从句。
单句语法填空
1．That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all.
2．He told me that he had to leave and that he would be back soon.
3．He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
4．We discussed whether we should hold a meeting.
5．It depends on whether we have enough time.
6．I don’t know whether or not the report is true.
7．He asked me the question whether we should give money to the homeless.
单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
8．As the college entrance examinations is going to be held in June，the students should make full use of time to review that what they have learned.
9．What is just beyond my imagination is
∧
that fortune should bless me with a chance to realize my dream.
10.
If
Whether Tom will win the computer competition remains secret till next Monday.
考点三连接代词与连接副词引导的名词性从句
引导词类别常见引导词作用
连接代词
what，which，who，whose，whom，
whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever
有词义；在从句中担任成分，
作主语、表语、宾语或定语等连接副词
how，when，where，why，however，
whenever，wherever
有词义；在从句中担任成分，
作状语
单句语法填空
1．Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are what you eat!
2．Wondering who it was，Terry，a newcomer to this city，went to the door and opened it impatiently.
3．I didn’t understand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.
4．Make the most of your strengths，and you can be successful regardless of which type you fall into and how fast or slowly you walk.
5．Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated to a wonderful dinner.
单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
6．The police told him what it had happened：his car had been on a private parking lot and had been taken away by the police.
7．I also feel grateful to my dad just because of which
what he has been doing for me ever since.
8．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on
what
whom he goes with，whether his
friends or relatives.
难点一that与what引导名词性从句的区别
that在从句中不充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语，意思是“什么……的事情，什么样的”。
例That he failed in the test again really puzzled us.他又一次没通过考试，这真让我们感到迷惑不解。(that在主语从句中不作成分，不可以省略)
例These photographs will show you what our village looks like.这些照片将向你展示我们村的面貌。(what在宾语从句中作介词like的宾语)
难点二wh-与wh-ever引导名词性从句的区别
连接词what，which，who分别表示“……的东西或事情”“哪一个”“谁”，表示疑问含义；而whatever，whichever，whoever分别相当于anything that，any...that，anyone who，意为“无论……”，强调一切情况。试比较：
例What you choose to wear should be clean.
你选择穿的衣服应该是干净的。
例Whatever you choose to wear should be clean.
无论你选择穿什么，你的衣服应该是干净的。
难点三不能省略that的情况
特殊情况例句
that引导主语从句且从句置于句
首时
That he failed in the exam made his parents disappointed.
他考试不及格，这使他父母很失望。
that引导表语从句时The truth is that I didn’t go there.事实是我没有去那里。
that引导同位语从句时
The news that our team has won is true.
我们队获胜的消息是真的。
当that引导的从句作介词的宾
语时
They share little in common except that they are from the same
country.除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。当主句谓语后接两个或两个以
上的宾语从句时，第一个that
可省略，其他的that不可省略
I believe (that) you’ve done your best and that things will get
better.
我相信你已经尽力了，而且情况会好起来的。
当it作形式宾语，that引导的从
句作真正的宾语时
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他不会屈服的，他已经表明了这一点。
当that引导的宾语从句与主句
谓语动词之间有插入语或与从
句主语之间有插入语时
He announced，believe it or not，that he would never forgive
her.信不信由你，他宣布他永远不会原谅她。
名词性从句解题三步走
第一步：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。
第二步：一旦判断是名词性从句，就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词；若缺少状语就用连接副词。
第三步：如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整，是否需要用whether/if; 如果不缺少成分且意思完整就用that。
典例1The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.
解析介词for后缺成分，he thought作插入语，而且was前缺主语。在这种情况下用what，what可分解为the price that，原句可转化为“The shopkeeper did not want to sell for the price that he thought was not enough.”。
答案what
典例2Massive Open Online Courses，called MOOCs，are changing people learn in many places.
解析分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语从句中的方式状语，即“怎样学习”，故应用how。答案how
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
Group 1
1．He was not looking for others’ smiles，or worrying about someone was watching or not.
(2019·山东临沂兰陵东苑高级中学检测) 答案whether
解析考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，结合后面的or not可判定答案为whether。
2．Helen McCarthy，an author and expert on Japanese Cartoons，explained the character is so popular.“Because Hello Kitty is all about happiness，friendship and fun.”
答案why
解析考查名词性从句。此处引导宾语从句，根据后面的Because一词可判定答案为why。3．My first task was to decide where to go and to get there.(2019·山东师大附中模拟)
答案how
解析根据常识可知，设空处表示“如何”，故填how。
4．Students can choose they want to do and register online.(2019·山东泰安期中)
答案what/whatever
解析“they want to do”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，故填what或whatever。5．Mr White is opposed to repairing the old building，and that’s I don’t agree.
(2019·湖南岳阳一中检测) 答案where
解析设空处引导表语从句，从句中agree 是不及物动词，其后不能直接接名词作宾语。故填where在从句中作状语。
6．The problem is one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievement.
(2019·福建福州模拟) 答案that
解析分析句子结构可知，is后为表语从句，从句的结构和句意完整，故填that。
7．Twenty-five years later the traveler returned to the same place. he saw amazed him.He could not believe his own eyes.(2019·山东临沂联考)
答案What
解析设空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作宾语，表示事物，所以用What。8．Therefore，it is advisable you should value and treat them with care.
(2019·福建龙岩五校期中) 答案that
解析“you should value and treat them with care”为主语从句，该从句不缺任何成分，故用that引导。
9．They would appreciate it，to be frank，the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.(2019·福建福州期中)
答案if
解析would appreciate it if...表示“如果……将不胜感激”，it作形式宾语，if引导的从句是真正的宾语。
10．I asked him his father had done so that he became such a good person.
(2019·河北联考) 答案what
解析设空处引导宾语从句，作asked的宾语，从句中缺少had done的宾语，指“什么”，因此用what引导该从句。
Group 2
1．While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
答案that
解析考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词evidence的内容，故填that。
2．I’m not sure is more frightened，me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
答案who/which
解析考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为：我不确定谁(哪一个)更害怕，是我还是那只不知从
哪里突然冒出来的雌猩猩。
3．What students do at college seems to matter much more than they go.(2019·北京)
答案where
解析考查宾语从句。这里表达“去哪所大学”，表示地点，作状语。故用where。4．Scientists have obtained more evidence plastic is finding its way into the human body.
(2019·江苏) 答案that
解析考查同位语从句。从句不缺句子成分，且解释说明抽象名词evidence的内容，所以用that引导同位语从句。故填that。
5．This is my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
(2018·北京) 答案what
解析根据设空处前的is 可以判断，此处是一个表语从句。从句中谓语动词用法为teach sb.sth.，缺少直接宾语。故填what。
6．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.(2018·天津)
答案whoever
解析介词to后是宾语从句，从句中动词wins前缺主语，而且金牌给的是“任何人”，故用whoever引导宾语从句。
7．It is possible caffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷) in humans，too.(2018·浙江)
答案that
解析分析句子结构可知，该句是一个主从复合句，it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。8．By boat is the only way to get here，which is we arrived.(2018·江苏高考改编)
答案how
解析句意为：坐船是到达这里的唯一方式，这就是我们如何(how)到达的。how 引导表语从句，表示方式。
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
1．After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.
答案where→that或where
解析found后是一个宾语从句，不缺少句子成分且句意完整，所以不能用where，应该用that 引导，that也可省略。
2．My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.
答案that→where
解析分析句子结构可知，介词to之后为宾语从句，而宾语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where 引导。
3．As students，which we can repay our mothers is to spare no effort to study hard.
(2019·海南海口调研) 答案which→what
解析分析句子结构可知，逗号后至is前的部分为主语从句，引导词在从句中作repay的宾语，指“什么”，应用what引导。故将which改为what。
4．That is known to us that respect for one’s parents is one of Chinese traditional moral values.
(2019·吉林长春监测) 答案That→It
解析It is known to us that...为固定句式，表示“我们都知道，众所周知”，其中It为形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语，故将That改为It。
5．As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose whatever suits you best.
答案whatever→whichever
解析引导词作动词choose的宾语，同时引导词在从句中作主语，意为“无论哪种”。由于有范围限制，即five courses，则改为具有选择意味的whichever。
6．It was most important to her，she told me，was her family.
答案It→What
解析she told me为插入语，不影响句子的结构，前面的分句是句子的主语，即主语从句。此处用what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。It不能引导从句。
7．I’d like to start my own business—that’s how I’d do if I had the money.
答案how→what
解析此处用what引导表语从句，并在从句中作do的宾语。
8．But before long they began to see which was happening.
答案which→what
解析宾语从句缺主语，并且意思是“什么”正在发生，which是指有范围限制的“哪一个”，不符合题意。
9．At last they reached where we call Macao today.
答案where→what
解析what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作call的宾语。where为副词，不能作宾语。
Ⅲ.语法填空
I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing that happened in my restaurant today.
This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant.Nobody knew 1.who he was.We wondered 2.why he was so hungry.We were surprised 3.that he finished two orders of food in a very limited time.We doubted 4.whether/if the man was able to pay the bill.The gentleman asked 5.whether/if we would mind waiting for just a few minutes.Then we were shocked to see
6.that he took out of a million pound bank note.
I asked Mr Clements 7.whether/if it was genuine.Mr Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year.He thought 8.what the gentleman showed them couldn’t be a false.
9．Why a gentleman with a million pound bank note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there.I really couldn’t describe 10.how excited I was.
Ⅳ.短文改错
I am so glad you can visit me in London.Knowing that you’ve never travel outside of Asia，I’d tell you a bit about you can expect to find.When I first arrived，I found that London is such a international city.There are many Chinese restaurants，so British people hardly eat Chinese food for breakfast.Most of them get used to bacon or egg with a few slices of toast.Tipping always puzzles me.If you want to avoid to getting confused，you should always leave 10% of the bill to the service.Besides，it’s very difficult for our Chinese to understand British humour.So don’t be surprised when you don’t think anything is funny.The majority of British people is friendly.Anyway，I am so looking forward to your visit there.
答案
I am so glad you can visit me in London.Knowing that you’ve never
travel traveled/travelled
outside of Asia，I’d tell you a bit about
∧
what you can expect to find.When I first arrived，I found
that London is such a
an international city.There are many Chinese restaurants，
so
but British people
hardly eat Chinese food for breakfast.Most of them get used to bacon or egg
eggs with a few slices of
toast.Tipping always puzzles me.If you want to avoid to getting confused，you should always leave
10% of the bill to
for the service.Besides，it’s very difficult for
our
us Chinese to understand British
humour.So don’t be surprised when you don’t think anything is funny.The majority of British
people
is
are friendly.Anyway，I am so looking forward to your visit
there
here.
第 11 讲名词性从句 1. It is uncertain ______ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. (2020浙江卷) A. that B. what C. how D. whether 【答案及解析】1. B 考查主语从句引导词。句意：这种药将会带来什么样的副作用还不确定，虽然已有大约两千人在吃这种药。it为形式主语，______ side effect the medicine will bring about为真正的主语。还原句子： the medicine will bring about______ side effect，side effect前缺少一个修饰词，故用what。 2. — Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport? — No problem. (2020浙江卷) A. when B. that C. whether D. what 【答案及解析】2. B 考查同位语从句的引导词。句意为：“你有可能到机场来接我吗？”“没问题。”you could pick me up at the airport是possibility的具体内容，故是同位语。又因这个从句不缺任何句子成分，故用that引导。 引导名词性从句的连接词 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，
名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。 1．连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中充当成分，如主语、表语、宾语或定语等。 2．连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中充当成分，作状语。3．连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不充当成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不充当成分。 注意：名词性从句的语序———陈述语序 他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。 How was he successful is still a puzzle. (×) How he was successful is still a puzzle. (√) 主语从句的用法 1．主语从句在复合句中作主语。如： Who_will_go is not important. 2．用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。如： It doesn't matter so much whether_you_will_come_or_not. 3．that引导主语从句时，不能省略。如： That_he_suddenly_fell_ill_last_week made us surprised. 表语从句的用法 1．表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。如： The question was who_could_go_there. 2．引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。 My idea is (that)_we_can_get_more_comrades_to_help_in_the_work. 宾语从句的用法
复习专题名词性从句试题和答案 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．________ manners are very important in every country is known to all，but the trouble is that different countries have different ideas about ________ good manners are. A. That; what B. That; that C. What; that D. What; what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：众说周知，礼貌在每一个国家中都是非常重要的，但是麻烦是，不同的国家对于什么是良好的礼貌有着不同的认识。逗号前有两个谓语动词，一个是are，一个是is known，故是两句话，需填连词连接这两句话，根据句意可知，前面是主语从句，故填that，此处的that，只起连接作用不作任何成分。about是介词，其后是个句子故应填连词把这两句话连接起来，所缺词作are的表语，故填what。因此选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的主语从句和what引导的宾语从句。 2．While some behaviors may seem strange to you, remember you consider normal probably seems just as unusual to others. A. it; that B. what; that C. that; what D. which; that 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：虽然有些行为对你来说可能很奇怪，但请记住，你认为正常的行为对别人来说可能也不寻常。第一空为宾语从句，从句结构完整用that起连接作用，第二空为主语从句，从句中consider缺少宾语，应该用what，故选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的宾语从句和what引导的主语从句。 3．___ surprised me most was ____the girl passed the driver test. A. That; that B. What; how C. What; that D. That; why 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：最让我吃惊的是那个女孩通过了驾驶考试。___ surprised me most是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填what；____the girl passed the driver test 是一个表语从句，句中不缺少成分，故填that。因此选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句。 4．____ he will offer us enough help doesn't matter a lot to our success. A. If B. Whether C. Before D. How 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：他是否提供帮助对于我们的成功没有什么关系。If不可以引导主语从句，故选B。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及whether引导的主语从句的应用。 5．It is a rule in his family that _______ comes home first should cook the dinner.
名词性从句的解题技巧（二） 安徽省蚌埠二中----朱正军 B）名词性从句缺表语： 从句缺表语比上述情况复杂一些，根据句意分析，如果需要使用连接代词的话，判断选择的 方法与上述方法相同，而表达“谁的？”这一所属关系时则用whose (如：I don’t know whose this book is.)。如： 15. I read about it in some book or other. Does it matter ____ it was? 【北京卷2006】 A. were B. what C. how D. which 16. ----Can you do me a favor? ----It depends on ____ it is. 【北京卷2006】 A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever 17. I want to be liked and loved for _____ I am inside. 【北京卷2010】 A. who B. where C. what D. how 18. Engines are to machines ____ hearts are to animals. 【山东卷2006】 A. as B. that C. what D. which 【这是一个较为特殊的句式结构，从句是第一个are的表语。句意为“发动机对于机器而言就 如同动物的心脏。”】 答案：15. D 16. C 17. C 18. C。选择方法上文已经讲过，在此不再赘述。 如果不能使用连接代词，则根据语义选择适当的连接副词，如Please tell me who/what/where/how he is一句中的几个连接词都是正确的，具体用哪一个要看上下文。 C）名词性从句缺定语： 名词性从句缺定语如果指“谁的？”则用whose，如：I don’t know whose book this is. 如果指“什么的？”则用what或whatever，如：I don’t care what person you’d like to make friends with.或You can make friends with whatever person you like. 再如： 19. It is uncertain_____ side effect the medicine will bring about although about two thousand patients have taken it. 【浙江卷2010】 A. that B. what C. how D. whether 该题表达的是“什么样的”，所以答案为B。 如果指“哪一个？”则用which或whichever。如： 20. ____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. 【山东卷2006】 A. No matter what B. No matter which C. whatever D. whichever 【谈及星期六的比赛，当然就有了范围的限制，所以要用which或whichever，意为“哪个队”，分析一下句型结构不难看出连接词既是team的定语，whichever team又是will go through的 主语，即“一身兼两职”。同时，No matter wh+只能引导让步状语从句。】 答案：20. D。which与whichever之间语法上的区别和who与whoever whom与whomever相同，whichever可解释为any person who/any thing which。 二）如果名词性从句中不缺少上述成分，则根据句意有无疑问将连接词的选择分成两种情况：A）从句语义是确定无疑的： a) 从句表达的是“一种事实”则用that。 1. It never occurred to me ____ you could succeed in persuading him to change. 【陕西卷2010】 A. which B. what C. that D. if
高中英语讲义---- 名词性从句（主从、表从、宾从，同从） 1，陈述句做名从用连词that + SV, that 表主句肯定从句完整，不做成分。主从可用it 做形式主语，宾从第一个that 可省略。You study hard. 主从：That you study hard is known to us.= It is known to us that you study hard. 表从：My opinion is that you study hard . 宾从：I think (that) you study hard. …and that (不能省略)…. 同从：My opinion that you study hard is known to us. *比较同从和主从！ ●一般抽象名词后对其进行解释和说明的完整句子就是其同位语从句，不完整就是定语从句。 I appreciate your idea that we have an exam every week. （that后完整—同从） I appreciate your idea that you came up with last time.（that后不完整---定从） 2，一般问句做名从用连词whether(是否) + SV，whether表主句不肯定从句完整，宾从中可用if（介词后或宾从后有or not时只用whether）。Does your friend like English ? 主从：Whether your friend likes English isn’t clear .=It isn’t clear whether your friend likes English. 表从：My question is whether your friend likes English. 宾从：I don’t know whether/ if your friend likes English. 同从：My question whether your friend likes English isn’t clear. 3, 特殊问句做名从用疑问词（连词）+ SV, 疑问词做主语时直接+谓语。连接代词（what/which/who/whose…）表主句不肯定从句不完整，连接副词（when/where/why/how）表主句不肯定从句完整。 Where did you go just now ? 主从：Where you went just now isn’t clear.= It isn’t clear where you went just now. 表从：My question is where you went just now. 宾从：I wonder where you went just now. 同从：My question where you went just now isn’t clear. ●当主句为现在时态从句时态不受影响，当主句为过去时态从句就应该变成过去的某种时态，但客观真 理总用一般现在时，有固定过去时间总用过去时。 高频考点1，当主从句都缺成分时指物用what/whatever/whichever(有范围), 指人用whoever / whomever(做宾语). The buildings have built in _what_ was farmland. _What_ you need is courage. The prize will be awarded to _whoever_ has won the game. You can choose _what/whatever/whomever_ you like. Of all, you can choose _whichever_ you like . 2, No matter+疑问词，只能引导让步状语从句（主从句逗号分开），疑问词+ever 既可引导让步状从，又可引导名从（从句在主句中做成分）。 _No matter who / whoever-has broken the law , he ‘ll be punished . _Whoever_ has broken the law will be punished. 3, 抽象名词（fact, news/word, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, problem, possibility/chance ,rumor,
名词性从句专题(含答案) 一、名词性从句 1．Exactly _________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. A. whether B. when C. why D. how 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：土豆被引进欧洲具体的事件不被确定，但是可能是在1565年左右。根据时间状语round 1565得知这里是指时间不确定。故选B。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及when引导的主语从句。 2． is clear to the members of the committee is that the President will not give in to their demands. A. Who B. It C. As D. What 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：委员会成员清楚的是，总统不会向他们的要求让步。that the President will not give in to their demands.这个句子作表语； is clear to the members of the committee这是主语从句，这里缺少主语从句的连接词，并且连接词在句中作主语，it是代词，不是了；连接词，故排除B；as作主语时，是在定语从句中，故排除C；who指人，根据表语指的事情，不是人，故排除A；what在主语从句中可以作主语或宾语，指事，符合句意，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 3．________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties. A. As; whose B. It; whose C. As; whom D. It; whom 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们都知道，那位老科学家，过去生活很艰苦，到了八十多岁还在努力工作。第一空it is known t o us all that…是个固定句型，意为“众所周知…”；第二空为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词the old scientist指人，作介词for的宾语，只能用whom，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句和定语从句，本题涉及固定句式it is known to us all that…和whom引导的限制性定语从句。 4． is even more important is the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. A. When; that; when B. What; whether; as C. What; that; as D. lt; whether; as
2006届高考英语专项复习强化训练（十一） 名词性从句 1. Go and get your coat. It's _______ you left it. A. there B. where C. there were D. where there 2. _______ the sports meet will be held depends on the weather. A. When ever B. If C. Whether D. That 3. The problem is_______ he has enough time. A. if B. whether C./ D. that 4. He made a promise_______ he would help me. A. what B. when C. that D. which 5. I remember_______ this used to be a quiet village. A. how B. when C. where D. what 6. They lost their way in the forest and _____ made matters worse was that night began to fall. A. that B. this C. what D. which 7. He told me the news ____ the Queen would visit China the next month. A. that B. which C. when D. when 8. When the holidays were drawing near, I asked my American friends ___ was the best way to travel in the United States. A. that B. what C. such D. that 9. He was lucky enough to sell his car for exactly ______. A. where he had paid for it B. what he had paid for it C. what he was paid for it D. which he had paid for it 10. Sometimes we are asked ______ we think the likely result of an action will be. A. that B. what C. which D. whether 11. They have not made any decision on ______ they are going to do to deal with the waste and control pollution. A. that B. which C. if D. what 12. --- Do you know him? --- Yes, but I can’t remember ________I met him for the first time. A. where B. what C that D. if 13. --- Do you know _____ Mr. Black’s address is. --- He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. I'm not sure of _____. A. what; which B. where; which C. where ; what D. what; where 14. This old computer must have been of great use to _____ did the scientific research. A. those B. when C. whoever D. whomever 15. _______ all the inventions have in common is _____they have succeeded. A. What; what B. That; that C. What; that D That; what 16. --- I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply. --- Oh, that was probably ____ I was seeing the doctor. A. when B. why C. what D. that 17. Maria has to baby-sit. That’s______ she can't come with us. A. why B. how C. when D. what 18. ____ surprised me most was ______ they had finished it so quickly. A. What, what B. That, that C. What, that D. That, what 19. The reason why she couldn’t come to the meeting was_____ she had not been invited. A. because B. which C. that D. why 20. In some countries, ____ is called "equality" does not really mean equal rights for all people. A. which B. that C. what D. one 21. Although he knew little about the work done in the field of physics, he succeeded ______other experienced experts failed. A. which B. that C. what D. where 22. Father made a promise _____ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle. A. that B. if C. whether D. that if 23. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us. A. that B. if C. whether D.不填 24. He wanted to make sure __________. A. how we went there by bus B. where did we go C. what did we go there D. when we went there 25. _____ they won the game was ______ we had expected. A. That; which B. Whether; that C. What; that D. That; what 26. I really don't mind much ________ they came to visit me or not. A. because B. why C. when D. whether 27. The question came up at the meeting _____ we had not enough money to do the research.
（二）名词性从句 一、填入适当的引导词 1. ---Could you tell me ________ the man is ? --- He is my brother. 2. I didn’t know ________ he was coming until yesterday . 3. ---It’s still a question _______ we shall have our sports . --- It’s said we shall have it next week . 4. The news ________ he was chosen made us happy . 5. The doctor asked ________ medicine you have taken . 6. This is ________ they solved the problems in the city . 7. ________ our football team will win is uncertain yet . 8. ________ frightened us most was ________ two lights appeared suddenly in the darkness . 9. My mother asked _______ was the matter with me . 10. The reason I didn’t come to the meeting was _______ I got ill . 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. The mason why he didn't come to the meeting was_________ he was ill. A. because B. because of C. that D. which ( ) 2. I don't know_________is_________I was born. A. that, why B. that, what C. that, where D. what, that ( ) 3. _________we need more time and effort is quite clear. A. When B. what C. That D. / ( ) 4. _____ he will start off to Nanjing isn't known to us. A. That B. Which C. Because D. When ( ) 5. _________she put the key is unknown to me. A. How B. Where C. In which D. Whether ( ) 6. I don’t understand is_________he has changed his mind. A. That, that B. Which, how C. What, what D. What, why ( ) 7. His suggestion is_________the food_________under low temperature. A. that, be kept B. that, would be kept C. What, should be kept D. that, keep ( ) 8. The news ______ Lincoln was murdered filled their heart with deep sorrow. A. which B. that C. about that D. in which ( ) 9. It makes no difference ______ he come or not. A. if B. that C. when D. whether ( ) 10. _________she has done astonishes everybody in the school. A. How B. Where C. In which D. The behaviour ( ) 11. _________ I was out when a friend came to see me that day. A. It is happened that B. It happened that C. It happened to D. That happened ( ) 12.They required that he_________at 6:30 am. A. arrived B. would arrive C. should arrive D. arriving ( ) 13. The retired teacher often thinks of_________ he can do more for the education. A. which B. how C. what D. that ( ) 14. I don’t think_________ . A. that he has finished his studies in such a short time possible B. possible that he has finished his studies in such a short time C. it that he has finished his studies in such a short time possible D. it possible that he has finished his studies in such a short time ( ) 15. The doctors did ______ they could the wounded man. A. that, save B. what, save C. and, save D. what, to save ( ) 16. Do you know _________to build bridge? A. how long it was taken B. how long it had taken C. how much time did it taken D. how much time it was taken ( ) 17. I don’t know_________he has bought these books. A. for whom B. to whom C. who D. whom ( ) 18. Take_________ you really like here. A. however B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever ( ) 19. _________do you think will give us a talk? A. Which B. What C. Who D.Whom ( ) 20. _____ he didn't come yesterday is strange. A. Which B. That C. It that D. Why ( ) 21. Tell me how much_________ . A. did the dictionary cost B. cost the dictionary C. the dictionary cost D. the dictionary costed ( ) 22. I doubt_________they will help us with it at once. A. whether B. that C. what D. / ( ) 23.How I wish I_________ last week's party. A. had been able to go to B. could go to C. were able to go to D. went to ( ) 24. It was just ______ she studied hard that he passed the exam. A. since B. for C. as D. became ( ) 25. _________has done it should be criticized. A. No matter who B. Who C. Whoever D. Anyone ( ) 26. Have you any idea ? A. how soon they will arrive B. how fast will they arrive C. how quick they will arrive D. how will they arrive ( ) 27. Air is to us ______ water is to fish. A. is that B. What C. Which D. that ( ) 28. Is it possible_________he misunderstood_________I said. A. that, that B. what, what C. what, that D. that, what ( ) 29. My hometown is no longer_________. A. what it used to be B. what is used to like C. like it used to be D. what is used to ( ) 30. He didn't know_________with the computer. A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what matter was it D. what wrong was 三、单句改错 1. We all agree with him on that he said. _________________ 2. Can you tell me where he lives in? _________________ 3. The fact he was seriously ill made them worded. _________________ 4. The problem is we are short of money. _________________ 5. Things were not that they seemed to be. _________________ 6. You don't like him is none of my business. _________________ 7. She said she will stay here for another week. _________________ 8. I will give this dictionary to whomever wants to have it. _________________ 9. The old man's sons wanted to know was where the gold had been hidden. ________________ 10. The news which we would go to Mount Tai during the winter vacation delighted us. ________________
表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1)从属连词that。在从句中不做成分。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2)从属连词whether, as, as if。如： 1. He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 2. The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如：All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。 注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look，sound等。如：He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 在 表语从句中做主语、宾语等。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 (4)连接副词where, when, how, why。 What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何时离开的。 This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。 (5)连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。(That's because...强调原因) That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。 (That's why...强调结果) (6)解释： 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。 同位语从句 一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名
专题十名词性从句 第一节基本知识与基本概念 【什么是名词性从句？】 顾名思义，主语从句在句子中作主语。有时本身出现在主语的位置上，也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部，前面用形式主语it代替。从句作主语时，谓语动词一般为单数形式。如: What I saw was beyond any verbal description. That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. Why the company denied the contract is still unknown. When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion. It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing. It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received. 【宾语从句】 在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句，应该问题不大。所以在近年的高考题中，以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。但是，宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况，如介词的宾语，形容词的宾语，宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。如： We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests. He told the police in detail what he saw and heard. Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years. That will depend on whether they can get the chance. Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment. The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again. 【表语从句】 表语从句的最重要脸谱就是它们应该出现在系动词的后面。如： The only question left is how often the workers are paid. His idea for the coming weekend is that we go skating. 【同位语从句】 从脸谱上看，同位语从句最为麻烦。因为它们也是出现在一个名词的后面，起着解释说明的作用。