代词的分类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等。
1、人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。
（1）主格用来作句子的主语、表语。
I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物)
Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗？)
Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了？)It’s he!(是他！)
（2）宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。
Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语？)Help me!(救救我！)
We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信)
（3）人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。–It’s I/me.(是我。)
（4）三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。
Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班)
–Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？)–You and me.(你和我)
（5)人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。--What’s the time?(几点啦？)–It’s 12：00.(12点)
It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路)
It took him three days to clean his house..(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间
)It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space
(很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空)
2、物主代词：说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。
（1)形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。
Is that your umbrella?(那是你的伞吗？)
I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我经常在星期天去看望阿姨)
They are their books.(是他们的书)
(2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。
This is your cup,but where is mine?(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿？)
Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small.(你们的教室很大,我们的相当小)
(3)“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。
A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.
(我的一个朋友昨天来看我了) (指若干朋友中有一个来看我。)
My friend came to see me yesterday.
(我的朋友昨天来看我了)(指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。)
3、反身代词：表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。
(1)反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身)。
Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.(不要玩刀子,那会割伤你的)
(2)在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。
The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.(故事本身是好的,只是他没有讲好)
4.指示代词：指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在的人或事物。
指示代词既可以单独使用做句子的主语、宾语或表语,也可以作定语修饰名词。
What’s this?(这是什么？)
/That model plane is made of plastic.(那只模型飞机是塑料做的)(被动句) /
Remember never to do such things.(记得永远不要做这样的事情) /
Do the same as the teacher tells you. (按老师说的做)
---Who is it?(是谁？) ---It’s me!(是我！)
5.关系代词：用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词
①关系代词who 、which、that 、whom、whose、as 等,将定语从句和主句连接起来。
英语中的关系代词一方面在从句中担任一定的成分,另一方面又起连接作用。
The student who is drawing a picture is in Grade One.(正在画画的学生是一年级的)
②、关系代词who / whom指人,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。
Do you know the man who is wearing a red hat?(你认识那个戴着红帽子的男人吗？)
③、关系代词which 指物,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。
Have you found the book which you lost several days ago?
(你找到几天前丢失的那本书了吗？)
④、关系代词that既可指人也可指物,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。
Can you see the man/dog that is running along the river bank ?
(你看得见顺着河跑的男人/狗了吗？)
6.连接代词：用来引导宾语从句、主语从句或表语从句的连接词称连接代词。英语中连接代词主要有：what,who,whom,which,whose
7.疑问代词：用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词。
①、who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主要用于特殊疑问句中,一般放在句首。口语中也常用who代替whom作宾语,但在介词后则只能用whom。
Who(m) did you invite to your birthday party?(你都邀请了谁参加你的生日聚会的？) /
What does she want to be when she grows up?(她长大了想干什么？)
②、who 和whom只能独立使用,其中who可以作句子的主语、表语或动词的宾语,whom只能作谓语动词的宾语；而what、which、whose等既可以独立使用作主语、表语和宾语,也可以与名词构成疑问短语。
Who is that man?(那男的是谁？)What colour are their hats?(他们的帽子是什么颜色？)
Which car was made in Germany?(哪辆车是德国造的？)(被动句)
③、疑问代词不分单复数,视它所替代的人或事物决定单复数,但是通常用单数；如果修饰名词,则以名词的单复数为准。
Who is (are) in that playhouse?(谁在游戏房里？)What is that? (那是什么？)What are those? (那些是什么？)
What colours do they have?(它们有哪些颜色？)
词类又叫词性，英语单词根据其在句子中的功用，可以分成十个大类。
1.名词noun n. student 学生
2.代词pronoun pron. you 你
3.形容词adjective adj. happy 高兴的
4.副词adverb adv. quickly 迅速地
5.动词verb v. cut 砍、割
6.数词numeral num. three 三
7.冠词article art. a 一个8.介词preposition prep. at 在...9.连词conjunction conj. and 和
10.感叹词interjection interj. oh 哦
前六类叫实词，后四类叫虚词。
二、名词
名词复数的规则变化
名词的格
在英语中有些名词可以加“‘s”来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher’s book。
名词所有格的规则如下：
1）单数名词词尾加“'s”，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加“'s”，如the boy‘s bag 男孩的书包，men’s room 男厕所。
2）若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加“'”，如：the workers’struggle工人的斗争。
三、代词
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种
人称代词的用法：
I saw her with them，at least，I thought it was her.我看到她和他们在一起，至少我认为是她。（her 做宾语，them做介词宾语，her作主补）
a. -- Who broke the vase？--谁打碎了花瓶？
b. -- Me.--我。
并列人称代词的排列顺序
1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：
第二人he/she称第三人称it第一人称youI如：You, he and I should return on time.
2) 复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称第二人称第三人称weyouthey
反身代词指示代词
指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / those）两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词，
疑问代词
指人：who，whom，whose指物：what既可指人又可指物：which
四、冠词
冠词是位于名词或名词词组之前或之后，在句子里主要是对名词起限定作用的词。冠词是一种虚词。不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是“一个”的意思。
定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“那（这）个”的意思。
1）特指双方都明白的人或物：Take the medicine.把药吃了。
2）上文提到过的人或事：He bought a house. I’ve been to the house.
3）指世上独一物二的事物：the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth（敲黑板，这个是经常会在选
择题中考到的知识点）
4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar 美元；the fox 狐狸；
5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面：
Where do you live？I live on the second floor.你住在哪？我住在二层。
6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：
They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师)
7）用在专有名词前：
the People‘s Republic of China中华人民共和国
8) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：the Greens格林一家人(或格林夫妇)
五、数词
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词。序数词表示排列的顺序
序数词的缩写形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母.如：first---1st;second---2nd; third-3rd; thirty-first---31st基数词变序数词的巧记口诀一,二,三要全变;(one-first; two-second;three- third)
其余都加th,
th里有例外,8去t,(eight-eighth) 9去e(nine-ninth)
字母f代ve(five-fifth; twelve-twelfth);ty变成tie(twenty-twentieth)
若要变化几十几，只变个位就可以(twenty-one-twenty-first)
数词的用法
1）倍数表示法
a. 主语+谓语+倍数（或分数）+ as + adj. + as
I have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那么多。
b. 主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ the size (amount，length…) of…
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。
c. 主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ 形容词（副词）比较级+ than…
The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.
d. 还可以用by+倍数，表示增加多少倍
The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
2）分数表示法
构成：基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母。分子大于1时，分子的序数词用单数，分母序数词用复数：1/3 one-third ；3/37 three and three-sevenths
六、形容词及其用法
主要用来修饰名词的词，表示事物的特征。
形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态，和特征的程度好坏，与否。
形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如：something nice
以-ly结尾的形容词1）friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。
daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early
The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.
用形容词表示类别和整体
某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。
如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry
七、副词及其基本用法
副词（adverb，简写为adv）是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。
副词可分为：地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。
兼有两种形式的副词
1) close与closely
close意思是“近”；closely 意思是“仔细地”
He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.
2)late 与lately
late意思是“晚”；lately 意思是“最近”
You have come too late. What have you been doing lately？
形容词与副词的比较级
大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化
构成法原级比较级最高级
一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est tall(高的) taller tallest
great(巨大的) greater greatest
以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice(好的) nicer nicest large(大的) larger largest
able（有能力的) abler ablest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est big(大的) bigger biggest
hot热的) hotter hottest
"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est easy(容易的) easier easiest
busy(忙的) busier busiest
少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er，-est clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest
narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest
其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。important(重要的) more important most important
easily(容易地) more easily most easily
2) 不规则变化
有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。如：
good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst
ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
many/much→more→most little→less→least
far→further/farther→furthest/farthest
八、动词
动词根据其后是否可直接跟宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（可直接跟宾语）、不及物动词（不能直接跟宾语，若要跟宾语，必须加上某个介词）。
系动词
1）状态系动词：用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：He is a teacher.
2）持续系动词：用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep，rest，remain，stay，lie，stand，例如：He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。
3）表像系动词：用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem，appear，look，
例如：He looks tired.他看起来很累。
4）感官系动词：感官系动词主要有feel，smell，sound，taste，
例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.
This flower smells very sweet.
5）变化系动词：这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词有become，grow，turn，fall，get，go，come，run.
例如：He became mad after that.自那之后，他疯了。
6）终止系动词：表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove，turn out，表达“证实”，“变成”之意，
例如：The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。
九、连词
连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。
连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。
并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。
如：and，but，or，nor，so，therefore，yet，however，for，hence，as well as，both…and，not only…but also，either…or，neither…nor，(and)then等等。
比较so和such
such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组。
so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much，little连用，形成固定搭配。
so + adj. such + a(n) + n.
so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. [不可数] such +n. [不可数]
so foolish ；such a fool
so nice a flower；such a nice flower
so many/ few flowers；such nice flowers
so much/little money；such rapid progress
so many people ；such a lot of people
十、介词
介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。
介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。
介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。
介词的分类
地点(位置、范围)介词
above在…前, about在…附近, across在…对面, after在…后面, against倚着..., along在…近旁, among 在…中间, around在…周围, round在….周围, at在…处, before在...前, behind在...后, below低于..., beside在...旁边, between在...之间, by在...旁, down在...下面, from来自..., in在...里面, inside在...里面,等等。
方向(目标趋向)介词
across横越..., against对抗..., along沿着..., around绕着..., round环绕..., at朝着..., behind向…后面, etween…and…从…到...,by路过/通过..., down向…下, for向..., from从/离..., in进入..., into进入..., inside到...里面, near接近..., off脱离/除..., on向...上, out of向...外, outside向....外, over跨过..., past经过/超过..., through穿过..., to向/朝..., towards朝着..., on to到...上面, onto到...上面, up向...上, away from远离...
时间介词
about大约..., after在…以后, at在…(时刻), before在…以前, by到…为止, during在…期间, for有…(之久), from从…(时)起, in在(上/下午);在(多久)以后, on在(某日), past过了…(时), since自从…(至今), through 贯穿…(期间), till直到…时, until直到…时, to到(下一时刻), ever since从那时起至今,at the beginning of在...开始时,at the end of在...末, in the middle of在...当中,at the time of在...时
方式介词
as作为/当作..., by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(语言), like与…一样, on骑(车)/徒(步),通过(收音机/电视机), over通过(收音机), through通过..., with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼), without没有…
涉及介词
about关于..., except除了…, besides除了…还... for对于/就…而言, in在…(方面), of…的,有关..., on关于/有关..., to对…而言, towards针对..., with就…而言
其它介词
【目的介词】for为了..., from防止…, to为了…
【原因介词】for因为..., with由于…, because of因为...
【比较介词】as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,to与…相比, unlike与…不同
代词： 1、代词的分类：英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、 疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。 2 1I often go shopping on Sundays. 购物) / Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗？) / Where have they gone?(他们上哪 儿去了？)/ That’s it.(就那么回事)/ It’s he!(是他！) 2、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年 谁教你们的英语？) / Help me!(救救我！) / We often write letters to her.(我们常给 他写信) 3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可 以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如：--Who is it?(是谁？)–It’s I/me.(是我。) 4、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？) –You and me.(你和我) 5、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况” 等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词 或者名词性从句。如：--What’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎样？)—It’s fine.(天气晴好) / --What’s the time?(几点啦？)–It’s 12：00.(12点) / It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路) / It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他 三天的时间) / It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.(很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空) / We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.(我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的) 3 Is that your umbrella?(那是你的伞吗？) / I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我经 常在星期天去看望阿姨) / They are their books.(是他们的书) 2、名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主 语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。如： This is your cup,but where is mine?(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿？)/ Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small.(你们的教室很大,我们的相当小)
初中英语代词分类 三、代词： 1、代词的分类：英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、 疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。 2 1I often go shopping on Sundays. 购物) / Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗？) / Where have they gone?(他们上哪 儿去了？)/ That’s it.(就那么回事)/ It’s he!(是他！) 2、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年 谁教你们的英语？) / Help me!(救救我！) / We often write letters to her.(我们常给 他写信) 3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可 以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如：--Who is it?(是谁？)–It’s I/me.(是我。) 4、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？) –You and me.(你和我) 5、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况” 等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词 或者名词性从句。如：--What’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎样？)—It’s fine.(天气晴好) / --What’s the time?(几点啦？)–It’s 12：00.(12点) / It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路) / It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他 三天的时间) / It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.(很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空) / We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.(我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的) 3 Is that your umbrella?(那是你的伞吗？) / I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我经
代词的种类及5种基本代词的用法 1. 代词的种类 类别举例 人称代词 主格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they 宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them 物主代词 形容词性物主代词 my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their 名词性物主代词mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs 反身代词myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves, oneself 相互代词each other, one another 指示代词this, that, these, those, such 疑问代词who, whom, whose, what, which 关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that, as, but 不定代词some, any; somebody, someone, something; anybody, anyone, anything; everybody, everyone, everything; nobody, no one, nothing; many, few, a few; much, little, a little; all, both; each, either; none, neither; one; other, another 2. 人称代词的用法 (1) 人称代词主格在句中作主语： The light is bad here. I can’t see clearly. 这儿的光线不好，我看不清。 She hesitated a moment, and then sat down beside me. 她犹豫了一会儿，然后在我身边坐下来。 We should keep calm even we are in danger. 即使在危急时刻我们也要保持冷静。 (2) 人称代词宾格在句中作宾语和表语： There was nobody to tell him, to hint him, to give him at least a word of advice. 没有人告诉他，或暗示他，或起码给他一句忠告。(宾语) Are you for it or against it? 你是赞成还是反对？(宾语) Oh, it’s you. 啊，是你呀。(表语) If I were her, I would take the advice. 我要是她就接受这个建议。(表语)
一、选择题 1．---Lisa, would you like to climb Yuelu Mountain with me tomorrow? ---I'd love to, but I have the driving test tomorrow. Let’s make it day. A．other B．another C．the other 2．—How many friends of ________ can come to celebrate your birthday? —________, I think. They’re all preparing for the new term. A．you, No one B．yours, None C．you, None 3．Some farmers ________how to feed chickens. A．taught I B．taught us C．taught she D．taught we 4．—Sonia, is this your dictionary? —Oh, no, it’s not ______. Ask Li L ei. He is looking for ______. A．me; hers B．mine; him C．my; her D．mine; his 5．_____classroom is quite different from _____. A．Their; we B．Theirs; us C．Their; ours D．They; ourselves 6．—Hi, Anna. Are these your sister’s pencils? —Oh, no. They’re not ______. A．her B．him C．hers D．his 7．—What do you know about bamboo? —Maybe bamboo has more uses than ________ in the world. A．any plant B．all the plants C．any other plant 8．The government is making an effort to improve the life of elderly people, many of whom are suffering（遭受） from either loneiness or poor health, or even___________. A．neither B．none C．all D．both 9．A new study shows that shouting at children may have the results that go beyond of beating(打)them. A．that B．those C．it D．ones 10．---Who was knocking at the door just now? ---______ was my cousin Andy. A．He B．She C．They D．It 11．—When is your father’s birthday? —________ birthday is on April 2nd. A．He B．She C．His D．Him 12．—Hi. Jack. Our T-shirts are the same. —Yes, But ________ looks newer. A．his B．yours C．you D．him 13．I left a message to my parents yesterday, but ______ of them called me back. A．both B．none C．neither 14．—Could you tell me how many classes you have on Friday afternoon?
高考英语代词试题类型及其解题技巧及解析 一、单项选择代词 1．It’s no use ______ about it. You can’t do anything to change it. A．worried B．to worry C．worrying D．worry 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：担心它没用，你做什么多改变不了它。It’s no use doing sth.做某事没用。故选C。 考点：考查固定句式。 2．Our monitor’s breaking the record at the sports meeting was an exciting moment, ________ all of us will always treasure. A．that B．it C．one D．what 【答案】C 【解析】 考查替代。句意：我们的班长在运动会上打破了记录是一个令人兴奋的时刻，一个我们将总是珍惜的时刻。a/an +单数可数名词，用one代替，故选C。 3．Pip disliked _______ Joe came to see him in London, _______ Pip thought was not a gentleman. A．it when; who B．that; where C．it when; whom D．that; which 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查it的用法及定语从句。第一个空， it作的是形式宾语，真正的宾语连接副词when引导的宾语从句。第二个空，关系代词who引导的是一个复合定语从句，含有另一个定语从句，其所含的从句结构由主语加表示看法或意见的谓语动词构成，它是整个定语从句的一个组成部分，其前后不用逗号，who在这句复合定语从句中，think后面的宾语从句里的主语，而不是宾语，所以不能用whom。故选A。 4．Heading out on the waters in search of whales is a routine he does, and ________ that, as he hopes, won’t be lost if whale-watching goes the way of so many mass tourism attractions. A．which B．one C．it D．that 【答案】B 【解析】 考查代词。句意：在水中搜寻鲸鱼是他所做的一件日常工作，一个他希望不会丢失的日常工作，如果鲸鱼观察走的是这么多大众旅游景点的老路的话。此处代指他从事的在水中搜寻鲸鱼的工作，故选B. 5．—Is there anything else I can do for you, Jeff?
一、选择题 1．My grandparents live in the countryside. We often go to see ______. A．him B．them C．her D．you 2．—Which one do you like better, English-Chinese dictionary or Words app? — I like________ of them. They are useful for English learners. A．none B．neither C．all D．both 3．—Hi, Jack. Is this your dictionary? —No. is over there. It’s a present from my uncle. A．Mine B．Yours C．My D．Your 4．A new study shows that shouting at children may have the results that go beyond of beating(打)them. A．that B．those C．it D．ones 5．---Who was knocking at the door just now? ---______ was my cousin Andy. A．He B．She C．They D．It 6．Mr. Wang recommended me a few foreign movies, but ____was to my taste. A．all B．neither C．nothing D．none 7．---Is_______here？ ---No.Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 8．I don’ t like the color of this shirt. Could you please give me one? A．the other B．others C．another D．other 9．Not ______that is faced can be changed, but nothing can be changed until it is faced. A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing 10．—Shall we meet at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning? —I won’t be free then .Let’s make it ______day. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 11．Dear boys and girls, you will face the most important examination in less than 100 days. ________________ and go out of your way, and you will get a satisfying result. A．Have confidence in yourself B．Being confident of yourself C．Have confidence in yourselves 12．—How many friends of ________ can come to celebrate your birthday? —________, I think. They’re all preparing for the new term. A．you, No one B．yours, None C．you, None 13．Do you have ___ready for the spring trip? No. I still have to buy some fruit. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 14．---What do you think of these two books?
代词的用法 一、定义与分类 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。综观历年高考情况，在这九类代词中，不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。 ?人称代词I , you ，she ，him ?疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what （用于引出特殊疑问句的代词） 注意：what与which的用法区别：当选择的范围较明确时，用which；不明确时用what。 如：Which color do you like, red, black or white? What color is your car? ?物主代词my 、your、hers ?关系代词which 、that、who、whom ?反身代词myself、yourselves 注意：反身代词用于be, feel, seem, look 等后作表语表示身体或精神所处的状态。 如：I'll be myself again in no time. 我一会儿就会好的。He doesn't feel himself today. I’m not quite myself these days. 我近来身体不大舒服。 ?连接代词who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever主要用于 引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句等 ?相互代词each other、one another ?不定代词one、each、another、neither ?指示代词this、that、those、these 注意：a. 为避免重复，可用that 和those 代替前面提到的名词。 如：The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school.(that=the playground) My books are next to those of the monitor. b. 在打电话时，通常用this 指自己，用that指对方：如：Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? c. this 和that 还可用作副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，意为“这么”、“那么”，相当于so。 如：I've done only that much. 我所做的就这么多。Is he always this busy? 他总这么忙吗? 二：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述 这三种代词都有人称（一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）的变化。其中，人称代词除了这三种变化外，还有格（主格、宾格）的变化。物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意：形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。 这三种代词的形式变化表如下： 人称单复数主格宾格形容词性 物主代词 名词性 物主代词 反身代词 第一人称单数I me my mine myself 复数we us our ours ourselves 第二人称单数you you your yours yourself 复数you you your yours yourselves 第三单数he him his his himself
一.英语代词 1、代词的分类：英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。 2、人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形 1I often Sundays.(星期天我常去购物)/ Are they from Brazil?(他们是 巴西人吗？)/ Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了？)/ That’s it.(就那么回事)/ It’s he!(是他！) 2、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语？)/ Help me!(救救 我！) / We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信) 3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时, 可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如： --Who is it?(是谁？)–It’s I/me.(是我。) 4、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you →he→I”的顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都 在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？) –You and me.(你和我) 5、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、 温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使 用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。 如：--What’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎样？)—It’s fine.(天气晴好) / --What’s the time?(几点啦？)–It’s 12：00.(12 点)/ It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路)/ It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间) / It
英语代词用法归纳文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]
英语代词的用法全归纳 一、定义与分类 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。综观历年高考情况，在这九类代词中，不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。 二、人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述 这三种代词都有人称（一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）的变化。其中，人称代词除了这三种变化外，还有格（主格、宾格）的变化。 物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意：形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。 这三种代词的形式变化表如下： 三、人称代词的用法
1)定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。 如：I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student. Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing. The boys are students, and they are in the room. The doy is small. It is Tom's. 2)人称代词的句法功能 A)人称代词有主格和宾语之分：主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。 B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。 如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher.(主语) She and I are good friends(主语). Neither she nor I am student. ——I saw the boys this morning. ——Are you sure it was they(表语)? It might have been she. C) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语，或者介词的宾语。 如：I saw him at the party(宾语). I haven't seen them recently.(宾语) I bought a book for them.(作介词宾语) =I bought them a book.(间接宾语) ☆注意：
英语代词部分语法练习题 初中英语分类练习 I.单项选择 1．_____will spend the winter holiday in Hanna (海南) Island. A． He, you and I B． He, I and you C． You, he and I D． I, you and he 2．My parents bought a new schoolbag for _____. A． them B． theirs C． me D． they 3．With my parents away from home. I have to cook ______ meals. A． for me B． for myself C． me D． myself 4．Don and I found _______ lying on ground when we work up. A． themselves B． ourselves C． them D． us 5．—Who’s _______?—______ is speaking, Mr. Wang. A． this This B． that That C． that This D． this That 6．Lam is often compared to Taiwanese singer Jay Chou because ______ both write ______ own songs and are developing R&B style. A．their…their B．their…they C．they…their D．they…they 7. I don’t think this is a good suggestion. Have you any _______ ones? A. another B. other C. the other D. others 8. —How ______ Greek do you know? —I am sorry. I know ______ about it. It’s too difficult. A. many…few B. much…little C. many…a few D. much…little 9. It’s _______ use talking without doing. A. not B. no C. none D. no one 10. Her brothers and sisters are _______ college students in Shanghai. A. all B. both C. neither D. either 11. —Which of these two bicycles do you like the red one or the black one ?
第三章 代词： 代词的分类：英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接 代词和不定代词等等。 第一节 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 1、人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。 （1）、主格用来作句子的主语、表语。如： I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) / Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗？) / Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了？) / That ’s it.(就那么回事) / It ’s he!(是他！) （2）、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们 的英语？) / Help me!(救救我！) / We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信) （3）、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than 或as 之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形 式,口语中大多用宾格。如：--Who is it?(是谁？) –It ’s I/me.(是我。) （4）、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you →he →I ”的顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company .(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there ?(谁要去那儿？) –You and me .(你和我) （5)、人称代词it 除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。如：--What ’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎样？)—It ’s fine.(天气晴好) / --What ’s the time?(几点啦？) –It ’s 12：00.(12点) / It ’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路) / It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间) / It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.(很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空) / We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well .(我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的) 2、物主代词：说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。
英语代词的用法归纳 代词的用法大家现在可能有些看不懂，因为有些还没有讲到，根据大家各自的水平来看，但人称代词、物主代词的这些用法一定要看懂，不要再犯像Give he a book这样的一些很基本的错误了。基础好的请绕过。 一、定义与分类 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。综观历年高考情况，在这九类代词中，不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。 二：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述 这三种代词都有人称（一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）的变化。其中，人称代词除了这三种变化外，还有格（主格、宾格）的变化。物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意：形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。 这三种代词的形式变化表如下： 人称单复数主格宾格形容词性 物主代词 名词性 物主代词 反身代词 第一人称单数I me my mine myself 复数we us our ours ourselves 第二人称单数you you your yours yourself 复数you you your yours yourselves 第三人称单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its 无itself 复数they them their theirs themselves 三、人称代词的用法 1) 定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。如：I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student. Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing. The boys are students, and they are in the room. The dog is small. It is Tom's. 2)人称代词的句法功能
一、代词概念 1、代词的定义：代替名词、数词、上下文的词句 例：一只狗it 一个人she / he 2、代词的分类 一) 人称代词二) 物主代词三) 反身代词四) 指示代词 五 )疑问代词六) 连接代词七) 关系代词八) 不定代词 二、人称代词 1、人称代词作主语时用主格；作宾语时，用人称代词的宾格； 作主格时：她是一个很小心的出租车司机。 She is a careful taxi-driver. 作宾格时：他们都非常喜欢她。 They all like her very much. 2、人称代词作表语时用宾格，尤其在口语中； 谁敲门？ Who is knocking at door? 是我。 It's me. 3、it 的用法 a. 代替上文提到的东西 例：我的钢笔丢了，我找不到它。 My pen is missing. I cannot find it. b. 代替事件和情况 例：杰克病了。你听人说起过吗？ Jack is ill. Have you heard about it? c. 表示婴儿和未知的人 例：这个宝宝是男孩还是女孩？ Is it a boy or a girl? It is a boy. d. 代替this, that 例：What is this? This / It is a guitar. What is that? That / It is a computer. e 表示时间和天气 例：今天天气很冷。It is very cold today. 明天是星期天。It is Sunday tomorrow. f 表示地点和距离 例：北京离伦敦有多远？ How far is it from Beijing to London?
英语代词用法归纳 Prepared on 22 November 2020
英语代词的用法全归纳 一、定义与分类 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。综观历年高考情况，在这九类代词中，不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。 二、人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述 这三种代词都有人称（一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）的变化。其中，人称代词除了这三种变化外，还有格（主格、宾格）的变化。 物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意：形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。 这三种代词的形式变化表如下： 三、人称代词的用法
1)定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。 如：I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student. Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing. The boys are students, and they are in the room. The doy is small. It is Tom's. 2)人称代词的句法功能 A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分：主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。 B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。 如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher.(主语) She and I are good friends(主语). Neither she nor I am student. ——I saw the boys this morning. ——Are you sure it was they(表语) It might have been she. C) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语，或者介词的宾语。 如：I saw him at the party(宾语). I haven't seen them recently.(宾语) I bought a book for them.(作介词宾语) =I bought them a book.(间接宾语) ☆注意： a.在口语中，人称代词的主格形式作表语时，常常可以用宾格替换。 如：It can't be he/him.
二册笔记 M1,U1语法： 代词的用法及种类： M1U1 back to school. 欢迎回到学校 of all 首先 lost and found box 失物招领箱 4. a lot of=lots of =many+much 5. mine=my + n , yours=your+n , hers=her +n you. You’re welcome! 谢谢你。不客气。at sth.看某物 ’s（名词所有格）= 名物= 形物 careful with your things小心你的东西 now on从现在起 11. Let me see.让我想想，让我看看 M1U2 to\ with sb 和某人谈话 on the bus 上公交车 to... 欢迎到... 4. lost and found office 失物招领处 5. lose things 丢东西 6. in a hurry 匆匆忙忙 7. leave things some place 把某物落在某地 `s why ...那就是为什么...的原因 9. at airports and stations.在机场和车站 of 成百上千的 day 每天everyday 每天的12. look for 寻找，find 找到 the moment 现在，此刻 kilos of...十五公斤的... sb at +号码拨打...找某人 M2 语法： 1.can的用法： 情态动词can的用法：情态动词是辅助动词 帮助说明能力、意愿等的词，它没有人称 和数的变化, 后边直接加动词原形。 肯定句：主语+can + 动词原形 否定句：直接在can后加“not”. He can’t (cannot) swim. 一般疑问句直接把can提前 Can you dance 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句 What can you do you like sth Yes, please. No, thanks. Would you like to do sth Yes, I`d like to . Sorry,+理由。 M2，U1 1 .on the board 在布告板上 like sth =want sth 想要某物 would like to do sth = want to do sth 想要做某事the Music\dance\Chinese club加入俱乐部 the piano 弹钢琴 about (doing) sth=How about (doing) sth ？the food and drink club加入饮食俱乐部 `s all. 就这些\仅此而已。 really well \ speak Chinese very well `t worry about sb\ sth. 不要担心某人\某物 sb sth 教给某人某事(teach+双宾语) your favourite club选择你最喜爱的俱乐部table tennis打乒乓球 a bike骑自行车 M2U2