动词的时态和语态
动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。
英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的有十一种。见下表：
时态名称
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时现在完成进行时
过去将来时
构成
do/does,（连系动词is/am/are）did,（连系动词was/were）
will/shall do
is/am/are going to do
is/am/are(about)to do
is/am/are doing
was/were doing
will be doing
has/have done
had done
will/shall have done
has/have been doing
would/should do
was/were going to do
was/were(about)to do
（一）一般现在时
1.表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用行为动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用
We always care for each other and help each o ther.
2.表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受主句时态的限制)
The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.
1.表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，只用一般现在时；
The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m.飞机上午10 点起飞。
2.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中有时可
以用shall 或will 表“意愿”，不表示时态；
I’ll go there after I finish my work.
If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.
3.以here, there 开头的句子里，go, come 等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。
There comes the bus.汽车来了。
Here she comes.她来了。
（二）一般过去时
1.过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态
He lived in Beijing when he was young.他年轻时生活在北京。
2.表达过去发生的动作
We visited the factory last Friday.上周五我们参观了那家工厂。
1.有些动词如：think, want, plan 等用在一般过去时中常常译为“原来认为/以为，原来想，原计划”。
I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn't.我原以为这部电影是很有趣的，但是事实并非如此。
2.考生有时用现在完成时代替一般过去时
Hello, I you were in London. How long here?
A. don’t know; were you
B. hadn’t known; are you
C. haven’t known; are
D. didn’t know; have you been
【解析】非常容易误选B。其实答案为D，因为“didn’t know”强调的是见面前不知道，即指过去不知道。
（三）一般将来时
1.表示将来的动作和存在的状态
The first time we’ll send you with an experienced reporter.第一次我们要派有经验的记者陪同你一起去。
2.表示一种倾向或习惯性动作
Oil will float on water.油会浮在水面上。Crops
will die without water.没有水庄稼会死亡
一般将来时几种特殊表达形式的区别
1.b e going to：表示打算做某事或有迹象表明即将发生某事
I am going to visit my friend in hospital.我将去看望住在医院的朋友。
It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来好象要下雨了。
2.b e about to：表示即时的将来。一般不与时间状语连用
Now ladies and gentleman, you’re about to hear the most incredible tale.
女士们，先生们，你们马上就要听到一个难以置信的故事。
3.b e to：可用来表示计划、安排（通常是正式的安排）；指令；（表示可能）会做……，可能；必定
会发生或已发生了某事；发布命令或告之规则
Their daughter is to get married soon.他们的女儿可能不久就要结婚了。
（四）现在进行时
1.表示现在正在进行的动作；
It is raining heavily now, so we must stay inside.现在正下着大雨，因此我们必须呆在家里。
2.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作；
My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
现在进行时与always, often 等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩
Why are always forgetting his name?为啥你总是记他的名字呢？
（五）过去进行时
1.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作
My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
2.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（这一过去时间须用时间状语表示）
He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.昨天一整天他都在准备他的演讲。
3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生
I was writing while he was watching TV. 我在写东西而他在看电视。
4.表示过去将来动作
He said she was arriving the next.day.他说他将在第二天到达。
考生有时用现在完成时或用一般过去时代替过去进行时。
①—Hey, look where you are going!
—Oh, I’m terribly sorry. .
A. I’m not noticing.
B. I wasn’t noticing.
C. I haven’t noticed.
D. I don’t notice. 【解析】非常容易误选C。其实答案为B。因为对话的后者显然是在解释刚才不小心冒犯对方时正在做的事情，应该用过去进行时。
②He a book about China last year, but I don’t know i f he it.
A. wrote; has finished
C. was writing; had finished B. was writing; has finished
D. wrote; will finish
【解析】非常容易误选A。其实答案为B。从“I don’t know if he has finished it”推断，他去年一直在写，应该用过去进行时。
（六）将来进行时
1.表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，一般带状语
When he comes to my house tomorrow, I will be writing the report.他明天来我家的时候，我将正在写报告。
2.表示现在正在进行的动作，但这个动作会延续到将来
I think that she will be working on this experiment until next morning.
我想她做这个实验将会一直做到明天早上。
3.表示预定的将来动作或对将来的预测
Stop the child or he will be falling over.拦住那孩子，不然他会摔下去的。
将来进行时和一般将来时的区别
1.一般将来时不仅表示“将来”，还含有“意志、意愿”等的意思
I’ll try my best to hard work at English.我将尽全力努力学习英语。（含意愿的意思）
I’ll be studying English next term.下学期我将学习英语。（表示单纯的将来）
2.跟一般将来时连用的时间状语比较模糊，而跟进来进行时连用的时间状语非常具体
I’ll write a letter to my father tomorrow.我明天要给父亲写信。
I’ll be writing a letter to my father this time tomorrow.明天这个时候，我会给父亲写信的。
（七）现在完成时
表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，说话时已完成的动作。
I have finished the report. 我已经完成了这个报告。
She has cleaned the room.她已经打扫干净了这个房间。
1.表示从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”,“since...”表述的一段时间状语连用。
He has learned English for six years.他学英语已经六年了。
They have worked here since they left college.他们大学毕业以后就在这里工作。
2.表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/ha s been to”,表示“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/ha s
gone to”。
—Where is Li Hua? —李华在哪里？
－He has gone to the reading-room.—他去阅览室了。
—She knows a lot about Shanghai.—关于上海，她懂很多。
－She has been there.—她去过那里。
短暂动词（即瞬间动词），如：
join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry,finish,complete,begin,
start, break out 等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
要翻译“他已参军已经三年了”。不能说：He has joined the army for three years.而要用以下三种方法：
①“ago 法”：He joined the army three years ago.
②“延续法”：He has been in the army for three years.
③“since 法”：It is/has been three years since he joined the army.
（八）过去完成时
表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。
He had shut the door before the dog came up.在那狗走过来之前，他已将门关上了。
Everything had been all right up till this morning.直到今天上午为止，一切都正常。
1.表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成，甚至还要继续下去。
At the age of ten, he had learned 500 English words.十岁的时候，他已经学了500 个英语单词了。
He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.我们知道的时候，他已经病了一个星期了。
2.常用hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose 等动词的过去完成时来表示未实现的希望、打算或意图。We had expected that you would be able to win the match.我们本期望你能赢得这场比赛的。
（九）将来完成时
用来表示在将来某个时刻（前）将完成的动作。常和by 短语，when, before 引起的时间状语连用。
We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.
1.在时间、条件状语从句中，用现在完成时代替将来完成时来表示将来某一时刻以前已完成的动作
Tell me what you think about the film when you have seen it.
你看完这部电影之后告诉我你对它的意见。
2.与by the end of 引导的时间状语从句连用时要看“of”后面的名词所表示的时间概念来决定是用将来
完成时还是用过去完成时。
We will have learned 2000 English words by the end of this term.
到这学期结束时为止，我们将学会2000 英语单词。
We had learned 2000 English words by the end of last term.
到这学期结束时为止，我们将学会2000 英语单词。
（十）现在完成进行时
用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在（还要继续下去）的动作。
He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00.8 点以来，他一直在做这些数学题。
现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较
1.现在完成时着重表示动作的结果
I have read that book.我读过那本书了。（知道那本书的内容）
2.着重表示过去发生的动作持续到现在还将继续下去
—Hi,Tracy,you look tired.
—I am tired.I the living room all day.
A. painted
B. had painted
C. have been painting
D. have painted 【解析】答案为C。强调动作从过去到现在的延续，可能还将继续下去。
（十一）过去将来时
相对于过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作或存在的状态。
He told me he would go to Beijing.他告诉我他将去北京。
I was told that he was going to return home.有人告诉我他准备回家。
would do(表示过去的习惯)总是，总会，常常。
He would sit silent for hours.他常常接连好几个小时默默地坐着。
（一）被动语态的构成形式
被动语态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
将来完成时
含有情态动词的
（二）被动语态使用注意点1.主动表示被动的几种情况
构成
am/is/are done
was/were done
shall/will be done
should/would be done
am/is/are being done
was/were being done
have/has been done
had been d one
will/would have been done can/must/may be done
①不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见动词有：cut, sell, read, write, fill, cook, lock, wash 等。
This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。
These books sell well.这些书好卖。
The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。
Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather.肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。
The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。
②一些连系动词的主动式＋形容词。常见动look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out 等。
The apples taste good.这些苹果尝起来味道不错。
The flower smells wonderful.这花闻起来很不错。
The news proved/turned out true.这消息后来证明时真的。
Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来很软。
③主语+need/want/require 表示需要被……的时候，常用动名词的主动式表示被动或用不定式的被动
式。
The car needs repairing.=The car needs to be repaired.这车需要修理。
④be worth doing 表示某事值得去做。
The Great Wall is worth visiting.长城值得一游。
2.常见没有被动语态的动词（短语）
leave,enter,reach,become,benefit,cost,equal,contain,last,lack,fit,fail,have,appear,happen,occur,belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, lose heart
The Second World War broke out in 1939. 第二次世界大战爆发于1939 年。
Our class consists of 50 students.我们班由50 个学生组成。
3.常用被动语态的固定句型
It is believed/said /reported/hoped/supposed that…据信/据说/据报道/人们希望/人们认为……
It must be pointed out that…必须指出……
It is generally considered that…一般认为……
It is well known that…大家都知道……
It must be admitted that…必须承认……
完成句子之动词时态专题训练
一、高考原题再现
1、I haven’t the slightest idea
2、Last night, John was answering the letters that during the past two weeks.(arrive) (他正在说什么).(talk)
(寄给他的)
3、The fact （他失败了数次）makes him very upset.(fail)
4、
5、Not only (他是否出过国)doesn’t make much difference.(he, abroad) (要帮助) the disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment
will be provided for those who need it.(give)
6、Seldom (他们玩)video games ever since they entered college.(play)
7、The city (我成长的)is very hot and damp in summer.(grow)
8、(我花了)one thousand dollars to buy the painting last week.(cost)
9、With the rapid development of science and technology,I can’t imagine
(我的家乡会是什么样子)in ten years.(what)
10、At present,lots of food,water,tents,and medicine ( 正在运往)from all over China and other parts of the world to the earthquake-stricken areas.(transport)
二、巩固练习
1、Great changes (发生了) in my hometown in the past ten years and people are enjoying a much richer life now.(take)
2、Two hundred dollars （被花掉了）last week.(spend)
3、（已经有）more Americans killed in road accidents than in all the wars since 1900. (there)
4、Thank you all the same. They （已经把信息传给）to me .(pass)
5、New technology （正应用于）almost every industrial process now.(apply)
6、He （不适应）in the countryside so far.(use)
7、A library with five thousand books （捐献给）to the nation as a gift last year.(offer)
8、You （到达）Shanghai by this time tomorrow.(get)
9、I （一直都在学英语）for ten year s.(study)
10、The film was a big success and since then I （演了）more than 12 films, such as The Matrix and hand ball.(act)
11、Jack （工作）in a network company now, and he likes it very much,(work)
12、I （将送我叔叔走）at the airport tomorrow.(see)
13、He said that he （学了）some English before.(learn)
14、I went to work on foot yesterday, though it （正下大雨）cats and dogs.(rain)
15、We （起床）before dawn.It was still wet.(get)
16、（最令我吃惊的是）is that they were all present.(surprise)
17、I will make friends with anyone who （和我有共同的兴趣）.(share)
18、
teacher.(plan)
（我们将如何制定这项计划）has been explained clearly by the
19、The news （他告诉我的）is that Tom would go abroad next year.(tell)
20、（他从哪里获得信息）made us confused for a long time.(obtain)
21、The king’s decision （囚犯将被释放）surprised all the people.(set)
22、（被告知很多次）, but he still couldn’t understand it.(tell)
23、He （已经去了）NewYork.(go)
24、The climate in the northern part （适应）him,so he left there.(agree)
25、We heard the news （我们的队赢了）.(win)
26、（在下雨）when they left the station.(rain)
27、It is disturbing for Lincoln Burgh to think of the fact that he （坐了10 年牢）. (prison)
28、I’m sorry I didn’t hear you because I （听）the music.(listen)
29、It was not safe to stay in the park at night, for quite a lot of women （包被抢了）there.(rob)
30、It’s the first time that （我拜访）the city.(visit)
31、No sooner
32、It was ten o’clock when he finally （我一到达）at the station than the train left.(arrive)
（出现了）(show)
33、（你工作越努力）,the greater progress you’ll make.(hard)
34、Once I
35、I
（到达）Paris, I’ll call you up at the airport.(get)（受指责）for the accident .(blame)
36、He asked me to have a drink with him. I said that it was at least 3 years since I
（享用）a good drink.(enjoy)
37、At that time, people did not know that （地球转动）.(move)
“”
“”
At the end, Xiao Bian gives you a passage. Minand once said, "people who learn to learn are very happy people.". In every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme. As a professional clerical and teaching position, I understand the importance of continuous learning, "life is diligent, nothing can be gained", only continuous learning can achieve better self. Only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the market. This document is also edited by my studio professionals, there may be errors in the document, if there are errors, please correct, thank you!
高中英语语法(时态和语态) 一．动词的时态 时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常见的只有九种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。 (一）一般现在时（do / does） 1．具体用法 1) 表示经常性或习惯性动作 We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是互相关心互相帮助。 He goes to school every day. 2)表示现在的特征或状态 He is very happy. Do you sing? ----A little. 3)表示普遍真理 Light travels faster than sound. 光速比声速快。 Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜过言语。 * 常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有：often, usually, sometimes, every day, every morning/afternoon, on Sundays/weekends等等。 I often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我经常星期天去看电影。 He goes to work early every day. 他每天上班很早。 （二）一般过去时( did ) （1）表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如： We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film. （2）表示过去习惯性动作。例如： He always went to class last. I used to do my homework in the library. （三）一般将来时( will / shall do) 1）表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如： I shall graduate next year. 2）一般将来时有时可以表示一种倾向或习惯性动作。如 Crops will die without water. You won’t succeed with out their support. 3) 几种替代形式： *be going to +v在口语中广泛使用，表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如： I'm going to buy a house when we've saved enough money. *be to +v表示计划安排要做的事，具有"必要"的强制性意义。例如： I am to play tennis this afternoon. *be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如： He was about to start. *be due to +v表示预先确定了的事，必定发生的事。例如： The train is due to depart in ten minutes. 5）少数动词如：begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等的一般现在时可用来表示将来的动作。（多用来表示按计划事先安排好即将发生的动作，句中通常还有一个表示将来的时间状语）。例如： The meeting begins at seven.
八：动词时态和语态 1. When I saw Mary, she ______ on the piano. A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played 2. She ______ the door before she goes away. A. had locked B. is locking C. has locked. D. was locking. 3. A hunter is a man who ______ animals. A. catch B. catches C. will catch D. was catching 4. What _____ if I drink this? A. happens B. is happening C. will happen D. is happened 5. I will visit you if Father ______ me. A. let B. lets C. is letting D. will let 6. Look out! That tree _____ fall down. A. is going to B. will be C. shall D. would 7. My uncle _____ to see me. He'll be here soon. A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came 8. They can't leave until they _____ their work. A. did B. are doing C. have done D. has done 9. "Has he seen this film?" " Yes. He ______ it several days ago. " A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. was seeing 10. Now Mike isn't here. He ______ Mr. Green's. Perhaps he ______ back in a few minutes. A. went to; is coming B. has gone to; will come C. has been to; will be D. is going to; has come 11. That day he ._______ his clothes before he came to see me. A. has washed B. washed C. had been washing D. was washed 12. I haven't finished my composition. I ______ for two hours and a half. A. have written it B. have been writing it C. wrote it D. am writing it 13. I will take my daughter with me when I _____ Shanghai, A. go to B. will go to C. have been to D. have gone to 14. This bright girl ______ the truth in front of the enemy. A. didn't say B. couldn't speak to C. said D. didn't tell
高中英语语法复习讲义——动词的时态 一. 概念: 时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态，但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，过去将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，将来进行时，过去完成时，英在完成时和现在完成进行时. 二.相关知识点精讲 1.一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…，sometimes，at…，on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3) 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 2. 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了? 2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：
高考英语语法专题复习动词时态和语态 Document number：PBGCG-0857-BTDO-0089-PTT1998
高考英语语法复习专题：动词时态和语态 一、考点聚焦 1、动词时态考查要点简述 （1）一般现在时考点分析 ①表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制） The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100o C. ②表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用 动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。 Ice feels cold. We always care for each other and help each other. ③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如： I know what you mean. Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to Middle School. ④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。 ⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一 个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。 The shop closes at 11:00 . every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday.
高中英语语法（时态语态篇）练习题精选 ( ) 1. –Where is the morning paper?–I ________ for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 2. ________ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 3. If they come, we ________ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 4. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating. A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine ( ) 5. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ______ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 6. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 7. They ________ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 8. Sorry, I can’t open the door, for I the key to it. A. lost B. lose C. had lost D. have lost ( ) 9. —It’s good to see you again, Agnes. —This has been our first chance to visit since from Iran. A. you return B. you returned C. you have returned D. returning ( ) 10. — Did you expect Frank to come to the party? — No, but I had hoped . A. him coming B. him to come C. that he comes D. that he would come ( ) 11. — Bob must be very wealthy. — Yes, he more in one day than I do in a week.
高考英语——动词的时态和语态（专项练习题） 单句语法填空 1．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than ________ (divide) us. 2．Silk ________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 3．When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that ________(reflect) my interest. 4．More efforts，as reported，________(make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply－side structural reform. 5．Dashan，who ________ (learn)crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand－up tradition. 6．When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I ________ (see) for years. 7．Two years ago，while Cathy ________ (watch) the Olympics，a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. 8．Jack ________(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. 9.I ________(read)half of the English novel，and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. 10．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ (reward)success in the end. 11．—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We ________ (wait)here for more than two hours. 12．Secret codes keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information ________ (send)by computer. 13．People in this area are in fact French citizens because it________(be) a colony of the French Republic since 1946.
高考英语语法时态复习教案 君山区第一中学杨春霞 Step 1：导入（用一个小幽默故事导入时态复习） The Father and His Son Father: You know, Tom, when Lincoln ___(be) your age, he ___(be) a very good pupil. In fact, he ___(be) the best pupil in his class. Tom: Yes, Father. I ____ (know) that. But when he ____(be) your age, he____ (be) President of the United States. Step2：高考命题思路 动词的时态和语态是历年高考英语测试的重中之重，每年试题一般不低于两道。命题思路有三种： 一是直接给出标志性时间状语，考生能根据其作出选择； 二是给出时间状语，但所给时间状语有较强的干扰性，考生不能直接根据时间状语作出选择，而需要结合语境进行判断； 三是没有任何时间状语，需要借助于上下文语境，才能作出正确判断。 Step 3 应考策略 高考命题中往往不会涉及单一的时态，而是更多地侧重于时态的交叉使用和时态干扰。 考生答题时要认真研读题干，寻找尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其是句中其他动词的时态，以及修饰动词的状语信息等等。关于被动语态题，做题时应首先根据主语与谓语的关系确定是否是被动关系，然后再根据有关时间信息确定用哪种时态。 Step 4： 最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配 一般现在every …, sometimes,at …, on Sunday 现在进行now, 现在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently 一般过去yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now
动词的时态和语态 动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。 时态名称构成 一般现在时do/does,（连系动词is/am/are） 一般过去时did,（连系动词was/were） 一般将来时 will/shall do is/am/are going to do is/am/are(about)to do 现在进行时is/am/are doing 过去进行时was/were doing 将来进行时will be doing 现在完成时has/have done 过去完成时had done 将来完成时will/shall have done 现在完成进行时has/have been doing 过去将来时 would/should do was/were going to do was/were(about)to do （一）一般现在时 1.表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用行为动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用 We always care for each other and help each other. 2.表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受主句时态的限制) The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. 1.表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，只用一般现在时； The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m.飞机上午10点起飞。 2.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中有时可 以用shall或will表“意愿”，不表示时态； I’ll go there after I finish my work. If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased. 3.以here, there开头的句子里，go, come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。 There comes the bus.汽车来了。 Here she comes.她来了。 （二）一般过去时
被动语态 一、语态的基本概念和种类 语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。谓语动词为主动语态的句子叫主动句，谓语动词被动语态的句子叫被动句。一般来说，主动语态侧重于行为者，被动语态侧重于动作的对象或动作本身。如：主动句：They built this bridge.他们修的这座桥。 被动句：This bridge was built by them.这桥由他们建造。 二、' 三、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 英语主动语态的时态共有十六种，而被动语态只有十种。 四、主动语态变被动语态 主动语态转换成被动语态分三步走：第一步是将主动语态中的宾语放在句首，第二步是将主动语态中的谓语变成被动形式，第三步是将主动语态中的主语放在被动句的谓语之后，在前面再加上介词by，引出动作的执行者。简言之，主动语态变被动语态时，主语与宾语交换位置，谓语变为被动形式，执行者前加by。 主动语态：We speak Chinese. (主语) (谓语) (宾语) （ Chinese is spoken by us. (主语) (谓语) (宾语) 主动语态转换成被动语态分三种情况： 第一种句型：主语+谓语+宾语，主语与宾语交换位置。例如： I sent an email last night.昨天夜里我发了一封电子邮件。（主动结构） An email was sent (by me) last night.一封电子邮件昨天夜里（由我）发出了。（被动结构） 第二种句型：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语，将其中任意一个宾语与主语交换位置。例如： … My parents bought me a new computer.我的父母亲给我买了一台新电脑。（主动结构） A new computer was bought for me.有人给我买了一台新电脑。（被动结构） I was bought a new computer.有人给我买了一台新电脑。（被动结构） 第三种句型：主语+谓语+复合宾语，将其中的宾语提到句首，而将宾语补足语仍留在原来的位置。例如：
高中英语语法训练试题解析---时态和语态 Ⅰ.单项填空 1.(2012·泰安一轮质量检测)Vancouver __________ the list of the world’s most liveable cities for the fifth straight year from 2007. A．has topped B．had topped C．topped D．tops 解析：选A。考查时态。句意为：自从2007年以来，温哥华已经连续5年当选为全世界最适合居住的城市。根据句意以及时间状语“for the fifth straight year”可知A项正确。 2.(2012·淄博模拟)—When did Tom come to Qingdao? —It was in July，2010 and he __________ a trip in China with his parents at that time. A．would take B．had taken C．was taking D．had been taking 解析：选C。考查动词时态。根据语境知，Tom在2010年7月来的青岛，那时他正和父母在中国旅游。表示过去某个时间正在发生的动作用过去进行时。 3.(2012·临沂质量检测)It was raining hard，but by the time the class was over，the rain __________． A．had stopped B．was stopping C．stopped D．would stop 解析：选A。考查时态。句意为：雨下得很大。但是下课结束时，雨已经停了。此处是by the time引导的时间状语从句，表示“到……为止”，后面通常接过去完成时或者将来完成时，根据语境可知，此处雨停下来的动作发生在下课结束之前。 4.(2012·青岛统一检测)—Why are the Woods selling their belongings? —They __________ to another city. A．had moved B．have moved C．moved D．are moving 解析：选D。考查动词时态。句意：——Woods一家为何在变卖家产？——他们要搬到另一个城市去了。此处用进行时表示将来。 5.(2012·山东省实验中学诊断)—You look very tired. —Well，__________ all the afternoon. A．I have reviewed my lessons B．I have been reviewing C．I reviewed D．I had reviewed 解析：选B。考查动词时态。句意为：你看上去很累。哦，整个下午我一直在复习功课。根据句意和时间状语all the afternoon可知，应选B。 6.(2012·山东省实验中学模拟)I don’t drink now，but I __________ for almost ten years. A．ever drank B．was ever drinking C．have ever drunk D．had ever drunk
高中英语语法总结大全-动词的时态 高中英语语法总结大全之动词的时态 一般现在时的用法 1 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 时间状语: every…, sometimes,at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例:Columbus proved that the earth is round 4 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? 2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3)句型: It is time for sb. to do sth"到……时间了""该……了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了""早该……了" It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。 would had rather sb. did sth.表示'宁愿某人做某事' I'd rather you came tomorrow. 4 wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建
新课标高三英语语法时态语态 复习汉译英翻译。 新课标高三英语语法时态语态复习汉译英翻译 一般现在时（经常、习惯、真理格言、时刻表、主将从现） do / does → am / is / are done 常搭配的时间状语：always, often, usually, sometimes, attimes, on Saturdays, every day, once a month, frequently, every+基数词+可数名词复数(每隔…) … 翻译：1.就像老话说的那样，失败是成功之母。As the saying goes, failure is the mother of success. 2.我们每两周回家一次。
We go home every other week. 3.他每天早上5：30起床，晚上10：00上床睡觉。 He get s up at 5：30 every morning and go to bed at 10：00 every night. 4.作业每天都做。（用被动语态） Homework is done everyday. 5.我们家附近有一家医院，这对我们很必要。There is a hospital nearby which is necessary for us. 6.我的航班于上午10点钟起飞。 My flight take s off at 10:00 AM. 7.如果你尽力的话你会成功的。 You’ll succeed if you try your best. 8.他一来我就告诉他这件事。 I’ll tell him about it as soon as he come s.
第五集语法填空核心考点考点突破 ——时态与语态——在英语中运用极为广泛 【考向聚焦】 课程标准要求中学生掌握常见的十种时态用法。近三年来各地试题考查最多的是一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时、现在完成进行时和现在完成时。高考中动词时态命题，每年每份试卷中都有2～3个小题，每小题均设置明确的语境。一般来说，命题人总是把易混淆或相近的时态放在一起，增加考题的难度。而被动语态的考点大都集中在被动语态的时态，近三年来考查最多的时态是现在完成时，其次是一般过去时。 对应学生用书P16 用所给动词的适当时态或语态填空 1．(2013?福建，26)The girl has a great interest in sport and ________(take)badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. 解析考查动词时态。根据句中标志词over the last three years可知应为现在完成进行时态。 答案has been taking 2．(2013?北京，28)Hurry up！Mark and Carl ________(expect)us. 解析考查动词时态。根据Hurry up！可知，Mark和Carl正在等我们。用现在进行时态。 答案are expecting 3．(2013?北京，32)—So what is the procedure? —All the applicants ________(interview)before a final decision is made by the authority. 解析考查动词的语态和时态。句中applicants与interview之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态；且句子所描述的为一般情况，故用一般现在时态的被动语态。答案are interviewed 4．(2013?湖南，22)“What do you want to be？”asked Mrs.Crawford.“Oh，I________(be)president，”said the boy，with a smile. 解析考查动词时态。根据问句：你想当什么？可知时态为一般将来时态。 答案will be 5．(2013?湖南，26)If nothing________(do)，the oceans will turn into fish deserts. 解析考查时态和语态。首先nothing与do之间为被动关系，根据主句的一般将来时态可知，if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时态。 答案is done 6．(2013?湖南，34)—I don't understand why you didn't go to the lecture yesterday afternoon. —I'm so sorry.But I________(do)my homework. 解析根据语境，对话中的第二个人昨天下午没去听课，而是在做作业，故使用过去进行时态，表示过去一段时间内在持续发生的动作。 答案was doing 7．(2013?江苏，21)Generally，students' inner motivation with high expectations from others________(be)essential to their development.
高中英语语法系列 动词时态和语态 动词时态 I.一般现在时 一般现在时表示现在的习惯或反复的动作，常与every day , once a week , often , seldom , sometimes 等时间状语连用。如： (1)Tom writes to his father once a month . 考点1 ：某些动词如go , be , come , leave , take off , start , return , 它们的一般现在时表示安排或计划好的将来动作。如： (2)The plane takes off at 9 . (3)暑假7月1日开始。 ________________. (4)到重庆的火车9点到达。 ________________________. 考点2 ：在表示时间或条件状语从句里，动词的一般式代替一般将来时。如： (5)When he comes , please tell him to wait . (6)As soon as I arrive in Beijing , I will write to you . (7)如果你没有收到邀请，就不要来。 Unless ____________________________ . 考点3 ：在间接引语里，客观真理用现在时。 (8)Our teacher told them that the earth travels around the sun . II.一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去的事情，状态，动作，常和yesterday , two days ago , just now , the other day , last week 等连用。如： (9)Tom was thin when he was a boy . 考点1 ：过去一连串的动作并列时，都用过去时。 (10)I went to the market , bought some bananas , and visited my uncle . 考点 2 ：表过去某一时间内经常或反复发生的动作行为，也可用used to do /would do.如： (11)H e is not what he used to be . (12)H e would study hard deep into the night when he was a student . 考点 3 ：注意瞬间过去时 (13)I didn’t you were in Beijing . (14)I though you were from the USA. III.一般将来时 一般将来时表示未来的动作或状态。常与某些表将来的时间状语连用。如tomorrow , next week , from now on , in a week 等。如： (15)I will take a bus to the city this afternoon . 考点 1 ：in + 一段时间，应用将来时；而after + 一段时间，应用过去时。如： (16)H e will be back in two weeks / in two weeks / in two-week time / two weeks away . (17)H e was back after two weeks / two weeks later . 考点 2 ：其它一些表示一般将来的方式： be going to
时态 一：形成谓语动词通过自身的变化来表示动作或情况发生的时间的各种形式，每一种“时间+方式”就构成一种时态，英语的时态有16种，但是常见的只有5种，较常见的有4种。 二：变在谓语动词 三：高考常考时态：一般现在时 (1)一般现在时表示经常性的动作或状态常与often, always, usually, sometimes等频率副词及once a week, every day等时间状语连用。如：The shop opens at nine every day. 这家商店每天九点开门。 It seldom snows here. 这儿很少下雪。 (2) 一般现在时表示客观存在或普遍真理 Light travels faster than sound. 光速比声速快。
Food easily goes bad in hot weather. 天气热时食物容易坏。 (3) 一由when, before, until, as soon as, the moment, once引导的时间状语从句和if, unless, even if引导的条件状语从句，常用一般现在时代替一般将来时（主将从现）I'll tell her about it as soon as I see her. 1.一般过去时(1).表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常跟 表过去的连用，如：yesterday, last night(week, year, month, Sunday),then, at that time, at that moment, just now, a few days(weeks, months, years) ago，the other day, at the age of...,. one day等,或由when, while等引导表示过去的时间状语。例句： Lucy turned off all the lights before she went out. 出门前露茜关了所有的灯。 (2)表示过去的一段时间经常反复发生的行为或动作，常于used to, always, usually, often 等连用 When he worked in the countryside, he used to help the peasants there. (3) 一般过去时在时间和条件状语从句中表示过去将来的动作或状态。Hans said he would let us know if he got any news. (1)现在完成时表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since+时间点，for+时间段，in the last (past) three years,. so far, up to now, since then, over the last three months,by加一个现在时间。In the past few years, great changes have taken place in my hometown.,