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高级英语考试大纲Lesson 5 Speech on Hitler's Invasion

高级英语考试大纲Lesson 5  Speech on Hitler's Invasion
高级英语考试大纲Lesson 5  Speech on Hitler's Invasion

Lesson Five Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U. S. S. R.

I. Words and Phrases:

P1

1 to find and gather together people, animals or things:

The cattle are rounded up in the evenings.

2 if police or soldiers round up a group of people, they find them and arrest or capture them:

A number of suspects were rounded up and questioned.—related noun round-up

指望

Don’t count on me.别指望我帮你的忙。

You can’t count on the weather being fine.你不能指望天气晴好。

We can't count on him telling the truth.我们不能指望他说实话。

P4 Hitler was counting on

To enlist s omebody’s help, support, sympathy, etc: to persuade somebody to help you, support you, or to show sympathy to you.

Make utmost effort全力以赴,竭尽全力

To the effect that: with the general meaning that 大意是说

~ of sth completely lacking in sth. 毫无

.

From/ for/ since time immemorial

(an old fashioned idiom) beyond the reach of one’s memory; over a period of time longer than anyone can remember.

P8 …for the safety of their loved ones, the return of the bread

~ (of sth) a person who fights for, or speaks in support of, a group of people or a belief:

She was a champion of equal rights for women.她是争取妇女平权的斗士。

Primordial adj. [usually before noun] (formal)

1 existing at or from the beginning of the world primeval

2 (of a feeling or a desire) very basic primeval: primordial impulses

P8 its crafty expert agents fresh from the cowing and tying down of a dozen countries

usually passive] to frighten sb in order to make them obey you intimidate:

She was easily cowed by people in authority.

to restrict sb’s freedom, for example by making them accept particular conditions or by keeping them busy:

Kids tie you down, don’t they?

I feel sure it is a decision in which the great Dominions

in due course at the right time and not before:

Concur ~ (with sb) (in sth)| ~ (with sth) to agree:

1.a small part or amount of something that remains when most of it no longer exists [= trace] vestige of

The new law removed the last vestiges of royal power.

2. the smallest possible amount of a quality or feeling

There's not a vestige of truth in the story.

P10 we have rid the earth of his shadow轭

A yoke is a wooden beam which is used between a pair of oxen to allow them to pull a load. (figuratively, Bondage, servitude, slavery, control.)

1 ~ sth (against sb/sth) to make a place more able to resist attack, especially by building high walls:

They fortified the area against attack.

2 ~ sb / yourself (against sb/sth) to make sb/yourself feel stronger, braver, etc.:

He fortified himself against the cold with a hot drink.

on the follies of countries and Governments…

to tell other people your ideas about right and wrong behaviour, especially when they have not asked for your opinion [= preach]:

politicians moralizing about people's sexual behaviour

II. Synonyms:

[C, U] ~ (that ... ) a strong opinion or belief: strong political / moral convictions

P8 The Nazi regime is indistinguishable from the worst

a method or system of government, especially one that has not been elected in a fair way:

the Nazi war machine

hideous adj. very ugly or unpleasant revolting.

a hideous face / building / dress

the Nazi war machine

~ (against / on sb/sth)| ~ (of sth) a strong or violent attack:

of a dozen countries

(usually disapproving) clever at getting what you want, especially by indirect or dishonest methods cunning, wily:

locusts.

1. ready and willing to be taught; teachable.

2. yielding to supervision, direction, or management; tractable: a docile child / horse

locusts.

Brutish and brutal

?Both can be used to talk about people who are very cruel, savage and violent like animals. But brutish often suggests that the people being described are stupid and irrational.

?Brutal is used not only to talk about people but also about things. Brutal(harsh, cold) winter; brutal (unpleasant, but plain and direct) fact

~ (on sth / on doing sth) to make a firm decision to do sth.

Parley: to speak with another :confer; specifically: to discuss terms with an enemy

a terrible event in which there is a lot of destruction, suffering, or death [= disaster]

~ sb (to sth) if an idea or feeling impels you to do sth, you feel as if you are forced to do it.

~ (for sth) a punishment for breaking a law, rule or contract.

subjugate [vn] [usually passive] (formal) to defeat sb/sth; to gain control over sb/sth:

subjugation noun [U] (formal): the subjugation of Ireland by England

III. Difficult Sentences:

1. I have only one purpose, the destruction of Hitler, and my life is much simplified thereby.

there+prep.=prep.+that/it/them

2. If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of

Commons.

If Hitler attacked Hell, a place ruled by the Devil, I would still say a word in favor of the Devil in the House of Commons, since Hitler is worse, more hideous than the Devil.

I would say a word in favor of anyone who is attacked by Hitler, no matter how evil he had been in the past.

3. It is devoid of all themes and principles except appetite and racial domination.

The Nazi government does not have any ideals or principles or noble goals, such as independence, freedom, democracy, justice, human rights, etc. All it has is a strong desire for other countries’ territories and natural resources, and a belief that the Germans should be a ruling people and masters, since they are, as they claim, superior to other peoples in the world

4. It excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious aggression.

The Nazi regime is more wicked than any other known forms of military organizations in history, since it can invade and occupy other countries and crush the resistance of their people by using the cruelest and most savage means.

5. (I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, ) Still smarting from many a British whipping, the

German bombers and fighters are delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.

I see the Nazi air force, which has suffered heavy losses in the Battle of Britain, feel happy now because they

think they can easily beat the Russians without heavy losses.

6. If Hitler imagines that his attack on Soviet Russia will cause the slightest divergence of aims or

slackening of effort in the great democracies who are resolved upon his doom, he is woefully mistaken.

If Hitler thinks that since he is attacking the communist Soviet Union the West will in the slightest degree change their aim of destroying him, or make less effort to achieve their aim, he is seriously wrong.

Hitler is entirely wrong if he thinks that since he is attacking the communist Soviet Union which the West dislikes, the West will become less resolved to fight him and finally destroy him.

IV. Figures of Speech:

1. I asked whether for him this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon.

2. I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land.

3. They pray for the safety of their loved ones, the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, of their

protector.

4. … with its clanking, heel-clicking, dandified Prussian officers….

5. … like a swarm of crawling locusts.

6. Still smarting from many a British whipping, the German bombers and fighters are delighted to find what they

believe is an easier and a safer prey.

7. Behind all this glare, behind all this storm, I see that small group of villainous men who plan, organize, and

launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind…

8. I have to make the declaration, but can you doubt what our policy will be?

9. Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid. Any man or state who marches Hitler is our

foe…

10. The cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of free men.

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1.听力和阅读考试 听力和阅读考试部分包括听力理解和阅读理解,旨在测试学生通过听力和阅读获取信息的能力,既要求准确,也要求有一定的速度。 听力理解分三个部分,共30题,考试时间约30分钟,每题一分。第一部分含10个短对话,每个短对话后有一个问题。第二部分含一篇长对话,后面有五个问题。第三部分含三篇听力短文或长对话,每篇短文或长对话后有五个问题。每个问题后有约15秒的间隙,要求考生从试卷所给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。录音的语速为每分钟150-180词,对话或短文以及题目只念一遍。 阅读理解的考试时间为25分钟。阅读理解共分两部分。第一部分要求考生阅读两篇短文。每篇短文的长度约350字。每篇短文后有五道题目。考生应根据短文内容从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。每题2分。第二部分要求考生阅读一篇300词左右的文章,文章中有10个空。考生从15个备选项中选择正确答案补全短文。每题1分。 听力和阅读考试采用机器自动评分。每题只能选择一个答案,多选作答错处理。 2. 写作考试 写作考试共1题,考试时间为30分钟。要求考生写出一篇不少于160词的短文,试卷上或给出题目,或规定情景,或要求看图作文,或给出段首句要求续写;或给出关键词要求写成短文。要求内容完整,观点明确,条理清楚,语句通顺。

谏太宗十思疏导学案(教师)

《谏太宗十思疏》导学案 一、学习目标: 1.掌握文中实词、虚词和语言现象、句式特点。 2.学习本文对比论证和比喻论证的方法。 3.领会“思国之安者,必积其德义”的思想。 二、学习重难点: 【学习重点】在教师的指点帮助下自己归纳整理文言知识。理解并领会作者“思国之安者,必积其德义”的思想。 【学习难点】:学习本文运用对比论证和比喻论证的方法来论证观点的写作手法。 三、知识链接: 1、文学常识——疏 疏,是奏议文体的一种,奏议类文章是古代臣属进呈给帝王的奏章的统称,包括奏、议、疏、表、对策等。疏,是分条陈述的意思。有名的“疏”类文章有《论贵粟疏》(晁错)、《谏逐客疏》(李斯)、《论积贮疏》(贾谊)等。 2、作者与作品 魏征,字玄成,唐朝下曲阳人。隋末,因避乱而出家做道士,后参加李密反隋的起义军,李密失败后降唐,太宗时拜谏议大夫、左光禄大夫,封郑国公,世人称魏郑公。死后赠司空,谥文贞。魏征死后,唐太宗对侍臣说:“人以铜为镜,可以正衣冠;以古为镜,可以见兴替;以人为镜,可以知得失。魏征没,朕亡一镜矣!”魏征从政十六七年,上书言事二百多次,达十万言,起奏疏收在《魏郑公谏录》、《贞观政要》中。 3、写作背景 隋朝在农民起义中覆灭,给唐朝统治者敲响了警钟。唐太宗李世民就曾说:“舟所以比人君,水所以比黎庶。水能载舟,亦能覆舟。”唐朝初年,为了缓和阶级矛盾,积极纳谏。太宗起初听不进魏征直谏,发誓要杀他,后来他悟出这是为了国家长治久安,便越听越爱听。这篇奏疏是魏征贞观十一年写给唐太宗的。当时,经过战争后的休养生息,经济得到了发展,人民生活也富裕起来,加上对外战争连年胜利,边防巩固,唐太宗逐渐骄奢忘本,大修庙宇宫殿,四处游玩,劳民伤财,就在魏征呈上此文的当年,太宗先下令修飞仙宫,后来又诏令修建老君庙、宣尼庙。二月巡游洛阳宫,六月巡游明德宫,十月猎于洛阳苑,十一月又巡游怀州,狩于济源,为此民怨沸腾。魏征“频上四疏,以陈得失”(此为第二疏),太宗猛醒,还写了《答魏征手诏》称赞他。 四、学习过程 (一)课前预习 1、给下列加横线的字注音: 塞(sa)源殷(yīn)忧:(深切的忧虑)懈怠(dài ) 壅(yōng)蔽:(被堵塞、蒙蔽)谗(chán)邪 黜(chù)恶:(斥退奸恶的人)谬(miù)赏:(错误的奖赏) 2、积累下列成语 居安思危、戒奢以俭、鲜克有终、垂拱而治 纵情傲物、载舟覆舟、长治久安、竭诚待下 3、《谏太宗十思疏》课文思路梳理: 这篇谏文主旨明确,论证思路缜密,环环相扣。文章论说的中心是:“思国之安者,

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