2017高考英语阅读理解汇编136
（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light cannot get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying.
Because no light can get out, people can't see black holes. Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes. The special tools can see how stars that are very close to black holes act differently from other ones.
Black holes can be big or small. Scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain. Mass is the amount of matter, or “staff”， in an object.
Another kind of black hole is called “stellar”(星球黑洞). Its mass can be up to 20 times more than the mass of the sun. There may be many stellar mass black holes in Earth's galaxy. Earth's galaxy is called the Milky Way.
The largest black holes are called “supermassive”(超大质量黑洞). These black holes have masses that are more than one million suns together. Scientists have found proof that every large galaxy contains a supermassive black hole at its center. The supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy has a mass equal to about four million suns and would fit inside a very large ball that could hold a few million Earths.
Scientists think the smallest black holes formed when the universe began. Stellar black holes are made when the center of a very big star falls in upon itself, or falls apart. When this happens, it exploded part of the star into space. Scientists think supermassive black holes were made at the same time as the galaxy they are in.
A black hole can not be seen because strong gravity pulls all of the light into the middle of the black hole. But scientists can see how the strong gravity affects the stars and gas around the black hole. Scientists can study stars to find out if they are flying around, or orbiting a black hole.
When a black hole and a star are close together, high－energy light is made. This kind of light cannot be seen with human eyes. Scientists use satellites and telescopes in space to see the high－energy light.
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述太空黑洞的形成原因和科学家们如何了解黑洞现象的。1．The gravity of a black hole may become so strong that light cannot get out when________．
A．the star is going to die
B．special tools are used on it
C．other stars come close to it
D．it is seen from the space telescopes
答案 A [推理判断题，根据文章的第一段，特别是关键句This can happen when a star is dying可知黑洞是因为星星的陨落造成的。故选A。]
2．According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true?
A．A black hole can be very tiny but extremely heavy.
B．The gravity of a black hole holds all light in its center.
C．Scientists observe high－energy light through their own eyes.
D．Some small black holes came into being as early as the universe.
答案 C [推理判断题，根据文章的最后一段When a black hole and a star are close together, high－energy light is made. This kind of light cannot be seen with human eyes. Scientists use satellites and telescopes in space to see the high－energy light 可知科学家们观察高能量的星星是通过望远镜和卫星观察的，不是用肉眼观察的，故选C。] 3．Which can be inferred from the passage?
A．Every galaxy must have a black hole.
B．A galaxy is the center of the universe.
C．A galaxy consists of a large group of stars and planets.
D．Earth's galaxy is called the Milky Way.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第五段的Scientists have found proof that every large galaxy contains a supermassive black hole at its center可知选C。]
4．What does the last sentence in Paragraph 5 suggest?
A．Neither the sun nor the earth is as heavy as a black hole.
B．There is only one supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way.
C．The supermassive black hole had existed before the Milky Way was formed.
D．There is a reason why the large black holes are called “supermassive”．答案 D [推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段和第三段推断。故选D。]
5．The last two paragraphs mainly focus on the question of________．A．what a black hole is
B．how black holes form
C．how big black holes are
D．how scientists know about black holes
答案 D [主旨大意题。文章的最后两段都在说明科学家们是怎么样了解黑洞现象的，故选D。]
（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
As for old people，some of the applications are hard to use because they didn't grow up with them.They don't have simple models of how they should work，what to do when something doesn't work or where to go for help.We make it as easy as possible to be used for people who are not familiar with the technology.
I think there is huge potential(潜力) and we are designing it.The ability to connect to friends，who remember the same movies and news and music，is really important，especially as people get old.They end up in retirement homes and they aren't always close to their friends.Allowing the network to help them connect with friends and family is a really powerful thing.
My mother is an enthusiastic user of the Internet，although it took me years to get her to use e－mail.She was born with normal hearing，but lost it when she was 3.She was totally deaf for many years，until age 53，when she got ear aids.They work really well.That is a big change for her.But before then，her friends couldn't call her
on the phone，so they insisted (坚持) she use e－mail to communicate with them. Young people don't even think of the Internet as technology.It's just there，and they use it.There's been a very interesting change in communications styles between old people and young people.There are some kids who are now in their teens and aren't willing to make phone calls.And they think of e-mail as old－fashioned and slow. The reason why teens don't make phone calls seems to be that they don' t know what to say.When they call they often stop for a while.They don't know what to say，and there's this silence.On the other hand，texting is considered proper，and it's okay if you don't answer.You might have been distracted (心烦意乱的)．It's not considered rude.But it is considered strange if you're in this kind of voice conversation and simply stop talking.
【语篇解读】文章主要讲的是网络和运用程序对老年人生活的影响，网络方便了他们，但同时也为他们带来了难题。
1．What is the trouble that old people meet when surfing the Internet?
A．They don't know how to use some applications.
B．They have to buy electronic productions at a high price.
C．There is no professional teacher to teach them how to use the Internet.
D．They have no friends to communicate with online.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第一段“As for old people，some of the applications are hard to u se because they didn't grow up with them.”可知，老年人上网最大的难题是不知道怎么使用其中的一些应用程序。]
2．We can infer from the passage that the author is a ________．
A．company manager
B．program designer
C．college professor
D．mobile phone designer
答案 B [推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第二段“I think there is huge potential and we are designing it.”可知，一些应用程序对老年人来说使用是困难的，没有教老年人的简单样例，当应用程序不工作时，不知该怎么办、不知道该向谁寻求帮助。所以我们设计了一款适用于那些不熟悉网络的老年人。“我”认为这有非常巨大的潜力，并且我们正在设计它。由此可推知，作者是一名程序设计人员。]
3．What do the young people think of the Internet according to the passage?
A．Interesting. B．Amazing.
C．Common. D．Boring.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第四段“Young people don't even think of the Internet as technology.It's just there，and they use it.”可知，年轻人并没有把网络当作技术。网络在那，他们就使用。由此可推知，年轻人认为网络是很普通的一件事。] 4．Which of the following statements is true?
A．Teens face challenges when taking phone calls with the old.
B．The author's mother is still using e－mail to communicate with others after getting ear aids.
C．Most people consider e－mail as the most old－fashioned tool to communicate with others.
D．Teens like to send texts to communicate with others in order to avoid
embarrassment.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，青少年不打电话因为不知道该说什么，会保持沉默。然而发信息被认为是适当的方式，即使不回复，也不会被认为是不礼貌的。由此可知，青少年喜欢发信息，因为这样可以避免尴尬。]
（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
Life is to be enjoyed.There's no point in giving up something you enjoy unless you get something back that's even better.When people eat more healthfully, exercise, quit smoking, and manage stress better, they find that they feel so much better that it reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living.The latest studies show that when you exercise and eat right：
YOUR BRAIN receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, think more clearly, have more energy, and need less sleep.Two studies showed that just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many new neurons to grow that it actually increased the size of people's brains!
YOUR FACE receives more blood flow, so your__skin__glows more and wrinkle less.You look younger and more attractive.In contrast, an unhealthy diet, chronic emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face so you age more quickly.Smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries to narrow down, which decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle earlier.This is why smokers look years older than they really are.
YOUR GENES change.In May, a study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences showing that changing your lifestyle changes your genes. YOUR TELOMERES (染色体端粒) get longer.Telomeres are the ends of our chromosomes (染色体) that control how long we live.As telomeres become shorter, then cells age more quickly, thus shortening your life.
Besides, one of the most interesting findings in the study was that the mothers' awareness of stress was more important than what was really occurring in their lives.The researchers gave the women a questionnaire and asked them to rate on a three－point scale how stressed they felt each day, and how out of control their lives felt to them.The women who were aware that they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres compared with those who felt more relaxed.On the contrary, some of the women who felt relaxed despite raising a disabled child had more normal－appearing telomeres.
In other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed; if you feel fine, you are fine.
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了健康的饮食，积极锻炼以及其他因素给我们身体各方面带来的影响。
1．Which of the following are good for lengthening one's life, according to the passage?
①eat healthy food②drink plenty of water③take exercise④get up early ⑤go to sleep early⑥release one's stress
A．①③⑥ B．①②③ C．①⑤⑥ D．③④⑥
答案 A [细节理解题，根据文中第一段第三句可知1、3正确，根据文中倒数第二段可知6正确，故选A。]
2．The underlined words “your skin glows” in Paragraph 3 are closest in meaning to ________．
A．your skin becomes white as there is plenty of sunshine
B．your skin becomes smooth as there is much blood in it
C．your skin looks pink as you are healthy
D．your skin becomes soft as you exercise enough
答案 C [短语猜测题。文中说加强锻炼，可以让你的脸“receive more blood flow”，血流量增加，可以使你的肌肤变得粉红色，显得很健康，故选C。]
3．In the author's opinion, when you exercise and eat right, you will experience some changes EXCEPT ________．
A．brains becoming cleverer
B．faces having fewer wrinkles
C．arteries turning narrower
D．genes being changed
答案 C [细节理解题。根据文中第二段判断A项说法正确，根据文中第三段判断B 项说法正确，根据文中第四段判断D项说法正确，C项是吸烟的结果，不是健康饮食积极锻炼的结果，故选C。]
4．From the last but one paragraph we learn that ________．
A．mothers will have more damaged telomeres if they raise a disabled child B．mothers don't know how to handle stress effectively
C．some women were asked to fill out a questionnaire about educating children D．mothers' positive attitudes are the key to managing their stress
答案 D [推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲的是母亲对于压力的认识比真实情况更能影响身体健康，最后研究结果是感觉压力大，染色体端粒就会缩短，那些真正处于巨大生活压力但不觉得的，染色体端粒会相对正常，故积极的态度是处理压力的关键所在，故选D。] 5．The best title for the passage would be ________．
A．Eat better, live better
B．Feel better, live longer
C．Less stress, fewer diseases
D．Smoke more, age sooner
答案 B [题目判断题。文章主要讲的是健康饮食，积极锻炼，良好心态对身体的积极作用，故B项概括的更全面，其他三个选项过于片面。]
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Gemini Man Gemini Man is a big-budget Hollywood sci-fi-action movie based on an original concept, rather than on a superhero comic or an old TV series, even though this particular original concept is more 20 years old. In it a government assassin (杀手)is being hunted down by his own clone The original script was sold by Darren Lemke to a studio in 1997, and since then almost every male A-listener has been attached as a potential star. Now, at long last, Ang Lee has directed Gemini Man, and Will Smith plays both the veteran assassin and his much younger doppelganger (分身). Jojo Rabbit During World War Two, a 10-year-old German boy (Roman Griffin David) is desperate to be a dutiful Nazi, only to discover that his mother (Scarlett Johansson) is hiding, a Jewish girl (Thomasin McKenzie) in their house. It may not sound like the stuff of a big-hearted comedy but Taika Waititi can make anything warm and funny. As well as writing and directing Jojo Rabbit, Waititi co-stars as the boy's imaginary friend,a nitwitted Adolf Hitler. Doctor Sleep Mike Flanag's new film is adapted from Stephen King, novel, Doctor Sleep, which was a sequel (续集) to The Shining. You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns. Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers m 1980 film. Now, he is a middle-aged hospital counsellor. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil Here's another chance to see Angelina Jolie. In 2014 she starred in Maleficent, Disney's live-action remake of the Sleeping Beauty cartoon from 1959. The twist was that the eponymous wicked fairy wasn't so wicked, after all, and that the real villain was the father of Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning). The sequel's subtitle promises that Maleficent will actually be evil this time around, her change of heart prompted by Aurora's engagement to handsome prince (Harris Dickinson).（1）What can we learn from this passage? A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep. B. Taika Waititi is the main character in Jojo Rabbit. C. Gemini Man is adapted from a 20-yem--old TV series. D. The real wicked character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil is Aurora. （2）If your friend wants to see a horror movie, which one will you recommend? A. Gemini Man B. Jojo Babbit C. Doctor Sleep D. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil 【答案】（1）A （2）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部电影。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy w ith psychic powers in 1980 film.”可知Ewan McGregor在电影Doctor Sleep扮演Danny Torrance的角色。故选A。
话题七:生态环保类 (一 The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world's supply of water. With 97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage(短缺 seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world's agricultural industries experience constant water shortages. Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配 are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys(山谷 are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements. This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉 . In Texas, farmers' overuse of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use has been poorly managed. Saudi Arabia's attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry. 1. From the first two paragraphs we learn that________.
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A To American visitors, Iceland is a very interesting country, partly because it is different in so many ways from what he or she is used to seeing at home. There are quite a few things that are not done, or that do not exist on the island —quite a few "No's". There is no pollution, for instance. No dogs are permitted in Reykjavik, the capital. There is no television on Thursdays or during the entire month of July, and only three hours of black-and-white TV the rest of the time. There is no hard liquor on Wednesdays and no beer at any time. There are no handguns; only one jail of thirty-five cells in the entire land —an admirable figure, even for a small country of 313,376 people. There is no army, air force or navy. There is no tipping for anything. There are no large stores open on Saturdays or Sundays. Since Iceland is situated just under the Arctic Circle, there is no darkness in summer and no daylight in winter. But thanks to Gulf Stream, the climate is rather mild, with temperatures ranging from 34 degrees Fahrenheit to 52 degrees in July. The rules on television, liquor, and guns are the result of governmental decision. But the absence of pollution is due in great part to the fact that Iceland gets its power from the enormous geyser(间歇泉and the thousands of hot springs that come out of the ground. They provide all the energy needed by the country. In fact, Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power. Iceland has been described as a democratic independent country where more fish are caught and more books published per person than anywhere else in the world. The Icelanders have always felt a particular love for literature. They composed their first works in the ninth and tenth centuries AD. These works were poems and tales about the kings, heroes, and heroines of Iceland and Norway. At first the stories were memorized
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷Ⅲ） 英语答案解析 第一部分:阅读理解 第一节 1.【答案】A 【解析】题干问的是三月份可参加的旅行，而第一个项目San Francisco Winery Tour的时间是从2月1日到4月30日。故选A。 【考点】冠词，细节理解。 2.【答案】C 【解析】第二个项目Back to the Fifties Tour中提到在San Francisco你能免费品尝冰淇淋。而其他选项在这个旅行中没有被提到。故选C。 【考点】介词辨析，细节理解。 3.【答案】D 【解析】第四个项目Holiday Lights Tour的最后一句话提到”Advance reservations required”，由此可知，该旅行需要提前预定。故选D。 【考点】代词，细节理解。 4.【答案】B 【解析】根据第一段的最后一句”As one group of workers carried out the rubbish，another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the buildings end”可推断出工人们清理垃圾和清除座位及其他剧院设备是在为剧院的关闭做准备。故选B。 【考点】副词辨析，推理判断。 5.【答案】D 【解析】根据第二段中的”Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate”可知，剧院的老板亲自选定了The Last picture Show这部电影，因为他认为这部电影很合适。原文中的“appropriate”和D选项的“suitable都表示“合适的”。故选D。 【考点】细节理解。 6.【答案】C 【解析】第四段最后一句说剧院被卖给了当地的开发公司，该公司计划在剧院所在地建综合购物大楼，因此可推断出剧院将被推倒拆除。故选C。 【考点】动词的时态，推理判断。
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality. For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air. （1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week. B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday. C. By limiting the number of new cars. D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A. Raised the number of public vehicles. B. Offered free bus and subway rides. C. Introduced more travel options. D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city. （3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax rises. C. Congestion charge. D. The rainy season.（4）What's the best title for the passage? A. Mexico —an Island Plateau B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones D. How to Improve Air Quality 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C
2017年高考英语阅读题 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节,满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Attending college can be expensive, and applying to college can be costly as well. With today’s college application fees averaging around $ 80, you can expect to spend hundreds of dollars on college before you are even accepted into a school. One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. To save money, try to limit the schools to which you apply to about 2- reach schools and 2- safety schools. At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. If you are applying to a school where one of your parents or grandparents is a former graduate, check to see if you’re qualified for it. Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Some schools offer free online applications, yet charge a fee for paper submissions. This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information. Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Be sure to contact the schools to I j which you are applying to see if they participate in College Application Week and when the program takes place in that state. Apply for early admission. If you have already decided on which college is your top choice, consider applying under an Early Action or Early Decision admission program. If you are accepted, you won’t have to submit application fees to other schools. For more information regarding college applications and the fees associated with them, contact your high I school advisor or the admissions department at your school(s) of interest. 21.The passage is mainly written to______. A.introduce famous universities in the United Stales B.show some practical ways to apply an ideal college C.advertise for successful applications and advisors D.offer tips to save money on college application fees
徐老师 2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 (考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号 涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19.15. B. ￡ 9.18. C. ￡ 9.15. 答案是C。 1. What does the woman think of the movie? A. It’s amusing. B. It’s exciting. C.It’s disappointing. 2. How will Susan spend most of her time in France? A. Traveling around. B. Studying at a school. C. Looking after her aunt. 第1页
3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Going out. B. Ordering drinks. C. Preparing for a party. 4. Where are the speakers? A. In a classroom. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore. 5. What is the man going to do? A. Go on the Internet. B. Make a phone call. C. Take a train trip. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman looking for? A. An information office. B. A police station C. A shoe repair shop. 7. What is the Town Guide according to the man? A. A brochure. B. A newspaper. C. A map. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man say about the restaurant? A. It’s the biggest one around. B. It offers many tasty dishes. C. It’s famous for its seafood. 9. What will the woman probably order? A. Fried fish. B. Roast chicken. C. Beef steak. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. Where will Mr. White be at 11 o’clock? A. At the office. B. At the airport. C. At the restaurant. 11. What will Mr. White probably do at one in the afternoon? A. Receive a guest. B. Have a meeting. C. Read a report. 第2页
2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（70） 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 “Experience may possibly be the best teacher,but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words,but they actually come from James March,a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. For years March(possibly the wisest philosopher of management)has studied how humans think and act,and he continues to do so in his new bookThe Ambiguities of Experience. He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning:“Experience is respected;experience is sought;experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及)serious complications(复杂化),ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book. In one interesting part of the book,for example,he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. In our efforts to make stories interesting,he argues,we lose part of the complicated truth of things. He says “The more accurately(精确地)reality is presented,the less understandable the story,and the more understandable the stor y,the less realistic it is.” Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher,March is also a poet,and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short,it is demanding:Don’t pick it up lookin g for quick,easy lessons. Rather,be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life. 1. According to the text,James March is. A. a poet who uses experience in his writing B. a teacher who teaches story writing in university C. a researcher who studies the way humans think and act D. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions 2. According to James March,experience. A. is overvalued B. is easy to explain C. should be actively sought D. should be highly respected
最新2017高考英语阅读(完整版)
高考英语阅读 文体类型及阅读理解答题技巧 一、英语阅读文体类型简析 高考英语阅读常见的文体类型有：记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。 1、记叙文 英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来；文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。 2、议论文 英语议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。 就议论文而言，其论证的常见结构方式有： 1，总分式总---分；分----总；总----分---总； 2，并列式几个论据之间属于平等关系； 3，递进式几个论据之间属于递进关系； 4，对照式把两种事物加以对比，以彰显其中一种。 3、说明文 英语说明文的总体结构通常为三部份，说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。常见的说明方法： 1，定义与诠释说明； 2，举例与引用说明； 3，分类与图表说明； 4，比较与比喻说明； 5，分析与综合说明； 就高考英语说明文的阅读而言，首先要抓住文章说明的要点，也就是要抓住被说明对象的实质性特征；弄清作者从哪个角度、哪个层面开始说明；并明白文章最后的说明结论。高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的写作手法、说明方法，理清短文结构及段落中心思想是答题关键。 4、应用文
2017届全国高考英语阅读理解汇编（1）英语试卷SYS201708100601 一、阅读理解 详细信息 1. 难度：中等 阅读理解。 Many of us still tend to think that emotions can affect reasonable thought，and sometimes land us in trouble. But in recent years psychologists have taken quite a different view. Keith Oatley，Professor of Psychology at Glasgow University，is involved in the research which shows the fundamental importance of emotions. He believes we are very ambivalent about them：we think of our emotions as being unreasonable，but we also consider them as essential to being human.For example，Mr Spock，a character in the television series Star Trek，is superintelligent and he has no emotions at all.However，he is never made captain of the spaceship.Maybe，this is because Mr Spock is not the kind of person you can share your feelings with—a person who shows his emotions. As Professor Oatley points out，our emotions have very important functions，for example，fear.If we cross the road and a car approaches，we usually stop moving or step back.We stop what we are doing，check what we have done and pay very careful attention to the environment.The emotion of fear makes us take this small series of actions which，on average，help preserve our safety. On the other hand，if things are going well and small problems come up，we find we can solve them with the resources we have to hand.As a consequence，we tend to feel happy and usually continue doing the job. Anger is an emotion that tends to occur when someone is preventing us from doing something.Then this small “kit” of reactions enables us to prepare ourselves to be quite aggressive to that person，or to try harder，and so on. Professor Oatley believes emotions generally occur at these important moments in actions.With fear and anger our emotions make us decide to start doing something else，while with happiness they “suggest” we continue what we are already doing. 1.What’s Keith Oatley’s opinion about emotions? A．They affect reasonable thought. B．They get us into trouble. C．They are helpful to us. D．They are reasonable. 2.What does the underlined part “we are very ambivalent about them”in Paragraph 2 mean? A．We have contradictory feelings towards emotions. B．We have similar ideas of emotions.