语法复习专题（15）
Unit15 it的用法
一、考点聚焦
1、it的基本用法
（1）用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。
The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago.
（2）用以代替提示代词this, that。
—What’s this? —It’s a knife.
—Whose watch is that? —It’s mine.
（3）起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。
—Who is knocking at the door? —It’s me.
（4）指环境情况等。
It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment.
（5）指时间、季节等。
—What time is it? —It’s eight o’clock.
It often rains in summer here.
（6）指距离。
It is a long way to the school.
（7）作形式主语。
It is not easy to finish the work in two days.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
It is as pity that you didn’t read the book.
（8）作形式宾语。
I think it no use arguing with him.
I found it very interesting to study English.
He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject.
（9）用于强调结构。
It was Xiaoming whom(that)I met in the street last night.
It was in the street that I met Xiaoming last night.
It ws last night that I met Xiaoming in the street.
It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night.
2、含有“It is …”的句型
（1）It is time (for sb.) to do sth.
It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虚拟语气)
（2）It is + 形容词（+of / for sb.）+ to do sth.
通常用 of的词有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。
（3）It is + 形容词+ that + sb. + (should) do sth.（虚拟语气）
能用于这个句型的形容词有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible等。有时可省
去should而直接用动词原形。如：
It is important that we should pay close attention to grain.
It is natural that he（should）say so.
（4）It is no use/ good + doing sth.
It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again.
（5）It is + 被强调部分+ that/who + …
Was it in the street that you met her?
Who was it that called him“comrade”?
It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend.
It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work.（注意上述各句均为强调句型的“考点”）
比较：It is a small factory where my brother is going to work.（定语从句）
（6）It is said/reported/announced/ (well) known … that…
（7）It is/was + 时间+ since … 从……已多久了。
It is three years since I met him in Beijing.
It was a long time since I (had) lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.（注意两句中的时态）
It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到纽约已经五个月了。
It is five months since I was in New York.我离开纽约已经五个月了。
（注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果是状态动词或持续性动词，则从动作或状态结束时算起。）
（8）It is + 时间+ before …
这个句型和上面句型中时间都是时间段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes等。不过主句的时态多用一般将来时或一般过去时。
It will be several years before we meet again.
我们要过好几年才能再见面。
It was not long before they set out for the front.
不久他们就出发去了前线。
（9）I t is /was/will be the first/second/third … time that …
It is the first time that I have been here.
It was the second time that he had seen the film.
（10）It is up to sb. to do sth … 应由某人做某事。
It is up to you to decide whether we start or not.
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1. _________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET 1995)
A.There
B.This
C.That
D.It
解析：答案为D。本题考查作形式主语的用法。that引导的从句是真正的主语。为避免头重脚轻而平衡句子结构，将it置于句首作形式主语。
2. I hope there are enough glasse for each guest to have ________.(NMET 1995)
A.it
B.those
C.them
D.one
解析：答案为D。本题考查替代词it和one的区别。it用于替代同类的、特定的、同一的事物；one替代同类的、泛指的人或物。根据题意“我希望有足够的杯子使每个客人有一个。”可知应用one泛指enough glasses中的一个。
3. Was __________ that I saw last night at the concert?
A.it you
B.not you
C.you
D.that yourself
解析：答案为A。本题考查强调句型的疑问式。只须将句序变为陈述句便不难得出答案。
4.It was back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go
B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went
D. until midnight when he didn’t go
解析：答案为C。此题考查的是not…until句型的强调结构，其最根本结构是：He did not go back home after the experiment.①,把①转变为Not until midnight did he go back home after the experiment.②,注意②中的倒装结构，把②中划线部分放在强调结构It be 被强调部分that…中进行强调，但注意that从句后面不用倒装形式。
不定代词 1．—How much water is there in the bottle？ —_______ A,None B, No one C.Many D.None of 2 . All of us were invited, but ____ of us came A．neither B．none C．Both D.no one 3.The old man has two sons．One is a worker，______ is a teacher． A．other B．others C．the other D．another 4. The bottle is empty. There is ____ in it. A．anything B．something C．Nothing 5. ----Look! We have ____ sugar. ----Really? Let's go and buy some. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 6．There isn't ____ milk in the fridge. You'd better buy some. A．no B．any C．some 7. ----“There isn't ____ water here. Could you get ____ for me?” ----“All right.” A．some; some B．any; any C．some; any D．any; some 8. There are lots of English books here, and ____ of them is easy to understand. A．both B．all C．every D．each 9. These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me ____ one. A．other B．others C．the others D．another 10.There isn't ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get ____ for me? A．any; some B．any; any C．some; some D．some; any 11.There are some trees on ____ side of the street. A．both B．all C．either D．every 12.．“Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?”“I like ____ , because they're not useful.” A．both B．either C．all D．neither 13.．They were all very tired, but ____ of them would stop to take a rest. A．any B.no one C．none D．neither 14.．There were ____ people and ______noise in the park last Sunday. A．many; much B．much; much C．much; many D．many; many 15.．____ of them has a dictionary and ____ one of them can look up words in the dictionary.
It的用法（专项总结及训练） 一、人称代词 1，it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复: ①They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance. 2.，也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子): ②Is this your dog？No, it isn’t. ③They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder 3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景: ③I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.． 二、.非人称代词 1.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等： ⑴.指天气：It is a lovely day, isn’t it? ⑵.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back. ⑶.指日期:It is April First today. ⑷.指距离:It is some 3000 kilometers from Beijing to Guangzhou. ⑸.指价值:It is three dollars. ⑹.指温度:Today it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三、其他用法 1.在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语，表示谁在做某事： ①Who is it there? It's I (me/you/he.....). ②I thought it was Mary, but it was not she. ③Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 2.泛泛的指某件事：(有时泛指一般情况) ①It doesn’t matter. ②It is a shame, isn’t it? ③How is it going?(情况怎样) ④It says in the newspaper that...... 3.it用在一些词组中，it 没有特别的意思 The last train's gone. Come on, we'll foot it.(来，咱们步行吧。) 四、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语： 1.作形式主语替代主语从句 ⑴It is clear ( obvious，true，possible，certain....) that 从句常译为＂┅清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的．．．）＂ It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. ⑵It is important ( necessary，right，strange，natural...) that 从句常译为┅是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的┅).that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 ①It is important that we (should) learn English well.
英语中代词的用法 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。 一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表： 数单数复数 格主格宾格主格宾格 第一人称I me we us 第二人称you you you you he him they them 第三人称she her hey them it it t they them 主格作主语或表语，如：He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。It’s me. 是我。 宾格作及物动词和介词的宾语, 还可作表语. Aunt Li took care of us. Who is knocking at the door It's me. 二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人物和数的变化见下表。 形容词性物主代词my your his/her its our your their 名词性物主代词mine yours his/hers its ours yours/ theirs 形容词性物主代词只能做定语,修饰名词,相当于形容词,如：I like his car. 我喜欢他的小汽车。 名词性物主代词可以做主语、宾语和表语，相当于名词, 如：Our school is here，and theirs is there. 我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿。 三、指示代词表示"那个"、"这个"、"这些"、"那些"等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this，that，these，those 等。 如：That is a good idea. 那是个好主意。 四、表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我们自己"、"你们自己"和"他们自己"等的代词，叫做自身代词，也称为"反身代词"。反身代词表示主语发生的动作落在主语自己身上,或用来加强名词或代词的语气。 如：She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。 I hope he didn't hurt herself. She taught herself English. 五、表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词，有each other和one another两组，但在运用中，这两组词没什么区别。 如：They love each other. 他们彼此相爱。 六、不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有a11，both，each，every等，以及含有some-，any-，no-等的合成代词，如anybody，something，none。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，但none和由some，any，no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语；every和no只能作定语。如： ---Do you have a car? --你有一辆小汽车吗？ ---Yes，I have one. --是的，我有一辆。
高三英语第一轮复习：代词it的用法冀教版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 代词it的用法 二. 教学重点： （一） it的用法主要体现在以下几个方面：作为人称代词的it，先行代词的it，非人称代词的it以及强调句中的it和it的一些习惯用法。 1. it指代事物、群体、经验、活动等。可以代替一个词、词组或整个句子，以免重复。 That wasn’t where you had dinner，was it？ If you remember these points，it will help you. When can we come to visit you？Any time you feel like it. I love running. It keeps me fit. it也可指代婴孩或性别不详的人。 Do you hear a baby crying？Something must have hurt it. Who is making so much noise？It must be the children. Somebody is knocking at the door. I don’t know who it is. Who is it? 未见具体人，不同于Who is that ？见到具体某人，但不相识。 2. it用作非人称代词的主语，表示气候、天气、温度、时间、地点、距离等或虚指的情境。 It’s Sunday tomorrow. It’s five miles to the nearest station from here. It was dull when Tom was away. It seems that no one would like to help you. Had it not been for my illness last week，I would have gone with them. 3. it常用作先行代词 代指不定式，可用作形式主语或形式宾语，以it作形式主语或形式宾语的动词有believe，consider，feel，find，imagine，make，regard，suppose，think等。 It is difficult to learn written Chinese. It is of great help to master a foreign language. It took me a week to recite the text. I find it quite necessary to make some changes. He thought it best to be on his guard. 代指动名词，可作形式主语或形式宾语，常用在下列句型中 It is no good（no use，useless）＋动名词 It is a waste＋动名词 代指名词性从句，该结构中的名词性从句可用that，when，who等引导。 It happened that they were away. She wants to make it clear whether you still love her or not. It is not known what caused the accident. Has it been found out who is the murderer？ It is believed／known／reported／said／supposed／thought that an egg is the equivalent of one pound of meat. 可转换为An egg is believed／known／reported／
it的用法及练习 一、概述 在英语中，it的使用相当广泛，它既可用作代词，如人称代词（personal it）、指示代词（demonstrative it）及非人称代词（impersonal it）, 也可用作引导词（anticipatory it）和强调结构中的强调词（emphatic it） Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is.有人在按门铃。去看看是谁。（人称代词）What’s this?这是什么？ It’s a book.这是一本书。（指示代词） What a long way it is from Beijing to London! 从北京到伦敦真远。（非人称代词） It's best to plant trees in spring because it's warmer.春天是植树的最佳时节，因为天气更暖和。（作引导词） It was I who met him in the park last week. 是我上星期在公园遇到他的。（强调结构中的强调词） 二、it作代词 1、用作人称代词（personal it） 代替前文提到过的事物，it作真实主语或宾语。 The frog is not a warm-blooded animal. It is a cold-blooded one.青蛙不是温血动物，它是冷血动物。My pen is missing. I can't find it anywhere. 我的笔丢了，我哪儿也找不到它了。 I won't be back tonight. Please tell my wife about it .我今晚不回来了，请你向我妻子说一声。 I was disappointed with the film. I had expected it to be much better. 我对这部电影很失望，我曾盼望它更好。 Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but it didn't help.汤姆的妈妈不停地告诉他要努力，但这没起作用。 2、用作指示代词（demonstrative it） 相当于this或that，it有时不特指某件东西，而代表前面已提到的或将会发生的某件事情。 -Who is knocking at the door? —谁在敲门？
it的用法： ⑴it用作人称代词：指代前面已经提到过的动物、事物、小孩或性别/身份不明的人，但应注意：指宠物时常用he/she，指大动物（马、大象等）可以用he/she；指祖国或家乡时，常用she. 注意句子：He failed in the examine，and it worried him. He failed in the examine. It worried him. He failed in the examine，which worried him. ⑵it用作非人称代词：常常用作句子的主语，可以指时间、距离、价格、长度、重量、日期、星期、月份、季节、气候等。 ⑶it用作形式主语或形式宾语：根据句子结构的需要，人们常用it作形式主语或宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语（不定式短语、动词-ing短语或名词性从句）放在句末。注意it作形式主语的常见结构有： ①It+ be + adj/n（for sb）to do sth. ②It +be + adj of sb to do sth. ③It +be + adj /n+ doing sth（一般限于名词fun，good，luck，joy，use，pleasure 或形容词foolish，wonderful，good，nice，interesting，useless，worth等作 表语时，才用it作形式主语，将真正的动名词主语后置） ④It +be + adj./n + that-clause. ⑤It +be+过去分词（如said，proved，known，believed，reported，thought，hoped， decided，announced, suggested，ordered，demanded，proposed，requested，advised 等）+that-clause.注意如果表语是划线部分的词，从句应该用虚拟语气。 ⑥It takes sb some time to do sth. ⑦It seems/looks as if…. ⑷it用在强调句型中： 强调句型“It is/was + 被强调部分 + 其他”的用法 ①这一句型可以强调除谓语、表语、定语和同位语以外的任何部分；如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who/that，如果被强调的部分是事物，只能用that。如：It was I who/that came here late this morning. It is a book that is on the desk. ②注意该句型不能强调让步状语从句；强调原因状语从句时，只能用because，不能用
语法强化班（第一次作业） 一、单项选择题： （）1. This room is their and that room is . A. parents’, John’s and Mike’s B. parent’s, John and Mike’s C. parents’, John and Mike’s D. parent’s ,John and Mike’s ( )2.She is a friend of ________. A. my B. mine C. I D. he ( )3. Frank can’t find ____ dictionary . Can you lend ____ to _____? A. her, mine, her B. it, yours, he C. his , yours , him D. him, you, his ( )4.The man is rich , he can buy ___ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself D. herself ( )5. Do you have _____ to do this evening? A. important something B. anything important C. something important D. important something ( )6.We found ________very difficult to learn Japanese. A. this B. that C. it D.its ( )7 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. Potato s C. potatoes D. potatoe ( )8.What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( )9-Would you like___tea?-No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( )10.He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of bread s 二、找出下列句子中的错误并改正： 1）She went to the library with two ladies friends. 2）We are Frenchmen, and they are Germen. 3）I don’t have something to tell you. 4) Neither of them are from America. 5) What’s the weather like today? Today is rainy. 三、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空： 1、Meimei learnt to speak English by ________. (she) 2、My radio is not so good as ________. (he) 3、The girl under the tree is a friend of ________. (Lucy) 4、A friend of ________will come to see her tomorrow. (she) 5、Miss Li doesn't like that bag. She prefers ________. (I) 四、阅读理解： A very old lady won a million dollars in a lottery(彩票).Her son and his wife heard the news on the radio. “How are we going to tell your mother?” the wife asked. “it might kill her! ” “That's right.” the son said, “perhaps we'd better tell her doctor about it. He'll know how to tell the news to her.” Then they told it to the old lady's doctor. “I'm glad you told me.” he said, “a shock (打击), even a happy one could bring on a heart problem. Leave it to me. I'll find a way of telling her.” He thought about the problem for several days, then decided what he would say. He went to visit the old lady and
英语中代词的用法 It的用法 1．作人称代词 John likes playing Pingpong．/ He always does it in the afternoon．(指代上下文提到的事物)；/It's time we went home. / How far is it from here to your home ? / It is getting warmer and warmer．/ It's very quiet at the moment．(可指时间、天气、环境等) 2．引导词 A．作形式主语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正主语。 It's important for us to learn a second language．/ It's no use talking to him．/ It's known to all that the earth goes round the sun． B．作形式宾语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。 We feel it our duty to help others．/ He made it clear that he would leave the city．
C．强调结构：It is (was) +被强调部分＋that (或who)… 注意：在强调结构中，如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语，其后的连接词也绝不能为when 或where，而应用that 。在复习中，一定要注意句式的不同。 It was in Shanghai that I bought the guitar．(that引起强调句) It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar．(where引起定从) It was twelve o'clock when we arrived there．(when引起时间状语从句） It was at twelve o'clock that we arrived there．（that 引起强调句） 3. it，one，that 的区别：作为代词，这三个词的对比使用是高考的热点之一。—Why don't we take a little break? —Didn't we just have __________? A．it B．that C．one D．this
代词 一、定义与分类 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。综观历年高考情况，在这九类代词中，不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。 ?人称代词I , you ，she ，him ?疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what （用于引出特殊疑问句的代词） 注意：what与which的用法区别：当选择的范围较明确时，用which；不明确时用what。 如：Which color do you like, red, black or white? What color is your car? ?物主代词my 、your、hers ?关系代词which 、that、who、whom ?反身代词myself、yourselves 注意：反身代词用于be, feel, seem, look 等后作表语表示身体或精神所处的状态。 如：I'll be myself again in no time. 我一会儿就会好的。He doesn't feel himself today. I’m not quite myself these days. 我近来身体不大舒服。 ?连接代词who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever主要用于 引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句等 ?相互代词each other、one another ?不定代词one、each、another、neither ?指示代词this、that、those、these 注意：a. 为避免重复，可用that 和those 代替前面提到的名词。 如：The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school.(that=the playground) My books are next to those of the monitor. b. 在打电话时，通常用this 指自己，用that指对方：如：Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? c. this 和that 还可用作副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，意为“这么”、“那么”，相当于so。 如：I've done only that much. 我所做的就这么多。Is he always this busy? 他总这么忙吗? 二：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述 这三种代词都有人称（一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）的变化。其中，人称代词除了这三种变化外，还有格（主格、宾格）的变化。 物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意：形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。 这三种代词的形式变化表如下： 三、不定代词的用法 1）定义：不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。 2）分类：
高考英语语法知识之It 的用法总结 1．It is + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。 如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. 2．It was not until + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以说是not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 3．It is clear ( obvious, true, possible,certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）＂是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.= That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. 4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ... 由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported, learned....) that ... 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。It is said that he has come to Beijing. 6. It is suggested ( ordered ... ) that ... 主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省。常译为＂据建议；有命令．． It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ... 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill. 8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that ... 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是①常用过去时态表示虚拟．②有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．＂。 It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 9. It is the first ( second ... ) time that ... 该句型中的that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that 可以省去；it有时用this / that 替换．常译为＂这是某人第几次做某事了＂。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 10 It is the +形容词最高级+ 名词+ that + ….. 该句型中的that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that 可以省去；it有时用this / that 替换．常译为＂这是某人做过的最…的事情＂。 This is the best film that I have ever seen . That was the worst song that he had heard . 11. It is .... since ...
英语词类 英语中的词可以根据词义、语法功能和形式特征分为十大类，即名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、形容词(adjective)、副词(adverb)、动词(verb)、数词(numeral)、冠词(article)、介词(preposition)、连词(conjunctions)和感叹词 (int erjection)。 英语代词的用法全归纳 一、定义与分类 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。综观历年高考情况，在这九类代词中，不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。 二：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述 这三种代词都有人称（第一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，性（阴性、阳性、中性）以及格（主格、宾格）的变化。 物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意：形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。 这三种代词的形式变化表如下： 三、人称代词的用法 1) 定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。 如：I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student. Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing. The boys are students, and they are in the room. The doy is small. It is Tom's. 2)人称代词的句法功能 A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分：主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。 B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。 如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher.(主语) She and I are good friends(主语). Neither she nor I am student. ——I saw the boys this morning. ——Are you sure it was they(表语)? C) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语，或者介词的宾语。 如：I saw him at the party(宾语).
【英语】英语代词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择代词 1．-Which of these two ties will you take? -I don't like these. Do you have any_____? A．one B．other C．ones D．others 【答案】D 【解析】 考查对不定代词的用法。--两个领带你想要哪一个？--都不喜欢，还有其他的吗？ others=other+名词”，泛指“别的人或物，其他的人/物”，故选D。 【名师点睛】不定代词one，ones ， other 和others的区别。 不定代词即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。 1.不定代词one指代可数名词，既可指人，亦可指物，它可以代替上文中出现的单数可数名词，指代复数名词时可以用ones。 例如：I do not have a pen, can you lend me one? I like small cars better than large ones. 2.other具有名词和形容词性质，既可指人，亦可指物。other常与定冠词the连用。other只作形容词或代词，表示“其他的，别的”，不可单独使用。 例如：Do you have any other questions? the other作形容词或代词，特指两者中或两部分的另一个或另一部分。 3.others相当于“other+名词”，泛指“别的人或物”，只有名词性用法。 例如：Some are planting trees, others are watering them. 2．You should make ______ a rule to leave things______ you can find them easily. A．it; where B．it; then C．that; there D．this; when 【答案】A 【解析】 考查代词及状语从句。句中it作形式宾语，真正宾语为to leave things where you can find them easily；where引导地点状语从句，选A。 3．-Which of the ways should I take to the village? - way as you please．All seem to be equal in distance． A．Neither B．None C．Any D．Either 【答案】C 【解析】 考查代词：A．Neither两者都不，B．None三者以上都不，C．Any三者任何一个，D．Either两者任何一个，从后面的all看出路是三条以上，句意是：--你想走哪条路去村子？-你喜欢走哪条就走哪条，距离上都是一样的。选C。
I. it／one ／that三者均可用作代词, 指代前面提到的名词。一般说来, it指代同名同物; one 与that则指代同名异物。 I have lost my umbrella; I'm looking for it. （该句中it就是指前面的my umbrella） I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy one. （one在该句中表泛指, 因为my umbrella 已经丢了） The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought. （替代词that在该句中特指“the umbrella I bought”, 以区别“the umbrella you bought”） II. one与that虽可用来指代同名异物, 但one为泛指, 相当于a／an＋名词; that为特指, 相当 于the ＋名词。所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a／an ／some ／any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the ／this ／that。 A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood. （该句中one可以换成a chair） The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot. （该句中that可以换成 the water） III. one只能代替可数名词单数, 代替可数名词复数时用ones; that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数, 代替可数名词复数时用 those。 I like this pen more than that one. （one代替可数名词单数pen） There were a few young people and some older ones in the house. （ones代替可数名词复数people） Mary's handwriting is far better than that of Peter. （that代替不可数名词 handwriting） These pictures are more beautiful than those. （those代替可数名词复数 pictures） IV. one既可代替事物, 也可代替人, that只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用the one或the ones代替that或those。 The one ／That on the table is mine. （该句中The one代替事物, 并且也可以用That） He is the teacher, the one who is loved by the students. （该句中the one代替人, 不能用that） He advised the farmers to choose the best seed-heads, the ones ／those that had the best color. （该句中the ones代替事物, 并且也可以用those）