笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致（就近原则练习）03 学校: 姓名：班级： _______________ 考号：
一、单选题
1．There ____ a fashion show（时装表演）today.
A ．does
B ．is C．has D．can
2．_____ m y father ______ my mother is busy at work, so I have to look after myself.
A ．Both; and B．Neither; nor C．Not only; but also
3．Either you or one of your students ___ asked to attend tomorrow's meeting.
A ．is B．have C．are D．has
4．Neither the students nor the teacher _________ the way to Nanjing Library.
A．know B．knows C．don't know D ．doesn't know
5．Not only you but also I _______ wrong.
A．is B．am C．are D ．be
6．Neither he nor I ______ a teacher.
A．is B．am C．are D ．be
7．Neither Jack nor I to Hong Kong, so we are planning a trip there.
A ．have been
B ．has been C．have gone D．has gone
8．There four teachers and a student in the office.
A ．have B．has C．is D．are
9．Not only you but also I _______ interested in the English song Yesterday Once More
A ．am B．are C．is
10．Neither Li Hua nor I good at writing.
A．am B．is C．are D ．be
11．There ____ some milk and two apples on the table.
A ．have B．is C．are
12．There ____ a book, some boxes and some keys on the table.
A ．is B．has C．are
13．There ____ a ticket, a lamp and some keys on the table.
A ．are B．is C．has
14．___ Lily __ Sam likes popular songs, so they went to Zhou Jielun 's concert together last night.
A ．Both, and B．Either, or C．Not only, but also
15．There ______ many students in the school in 10 years.
A．is going to have B ．are going to have
C．is going to be D ．are going to be
16．There a big living room and two bedrooms in our new house ．
A．was B．were C．be D ．are
17．--Wh at 's on the desk? --There ____ s ome pizza and apples．
A．be B．were C．is D ．am
18．There ____ a man and three children in the photo.
A ．have B．are C．is D．has
19．There __ a hotel and two banks on Center Street.
A．are B．is C．has D ．have
20．—Jim, how do your parents like music ？
—____ my dad ____ my mom likes it. They both like country music.
A ．Either ；or
B ．Not only ；but also
C．Neither ；nor D ．Both; and
21．Lisa and her friends _______ fun at the party right now.
A．have B．are having C．has D ．is having
22．What are Mr. and Mrs Black doing? They ___ t ea in the garden.
A．are drinking B．drinks C．is drinking D ．drink
23．Look!The children _______ English now.
A ．study B．studies C．is studying D．are studying
24．—What' s in your room? —There ___ a clock and two pictures in my room.
A ．have B．are C．is
25．Either you or she ___ at home when mum is out ．
A．be B ．is C．are
26．You _____ have to wash the dishes now ．
A ．can't
B ．doesn't C．don't D．not
27．Not only the young but also the old ______ getting interested ______ WeChat（微信）. A．is; about B．is; for C．are; in D ．are; by
28． Neither Suzy nor I
afraid of making a speech in public now. 41． When I opened the fridge, there only some eggs and a bottle of milk.
A ． am
B ． are
C ． is
D ． were
29． -- Could you get me a piano, Mum?
--- There _______ enough room for one in our room. But we
'll try.
A ． is
B ． are
C ． isn ' t
D ． aren 't 30． Either you or I ___ invited to the important meeting.
A ． be
B ． is
C ． am
D ． are.
31． Either you ___your sister __ because one of you must stay at home.
A ． or, goes
B ． nor, go
C ． or, go
32． ---Neither Tony nor I interested in playing Weibo.
A ． am
B ． is
C ． are
D ． be
33．Not only my parents but also I ____ deeply moved by the song The Road Home by Andy Liu at the 2015 Spring Festival Gala （ 春晚 ）.
A ． were
B ． was
C ． are
D ． am A ． are, It is B ． are, They are
C ． is, It is 35． Neither my classmates nor my teacher _____ chess better than me.
36． Neither they nor I ________ to go camping yesterday ．
37． Dad, this phone is ringing, I guess either you or Mum
on the phone. A ． want
B ． are wanted
C ． wants
D ． is wanted 38． There
still some milk in the kitchen. We don ' t need to go to the store.
A ． be
B ． is
C ． are 39． Tom as well as his parents ____ going to London last year.
A ． is
B ． are
C ． was
40． --- Not only my friend but also I ________ interested in football. What about you?
--- I like playing basketball.
A ． be
B ． is
C ． am
D ． are
34． How much the shoes? $20.
D ． is , They are A ． play
B ． plays
C ． playing
D ． played
A ． am allowed
B ． are allowed
C ． was allowed
D ． were allowed
A ．is
B ．are
C ．was D．were
42．（How time flies! We ' ll graduate. Three years _______ really a short time.
A ．was B．are C．is D in
43．Different _______ different ___ .
A ．countries have；weather
B ．country have ；weathers
C．countries have；weathers D．country has；weather
44．Maria often _____ breakfast at seven o ' clock.
A ．drink
B ．has C．have D．eat
45． A number of tourists __ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city.
A ．have been to B．has been to C．has gone to D．have gone to
46．- ________ you with your grandparents two days ago?
-Yes, I ________ with them in Beijing.
A ．Was, were B．Were, was C．Were, were D Was, was
47．-Ten minutes ago, there _________ an eraser, a pen and some books on the desk.But now there _________ anything on it.
-Don't worry. Maybe someone put them away.
A ．was, isn't B．were, isn't C．is, wasn't D was, wasn't
48．Yesterday my teacher _________ ill, and we went to the hospital to visit her.
A ．was B．is C．were D on
49．Not only his parents but also his English teacher___ proud of him .
A．is B．are C．be D ．take
50．Now the number of Chinese people working in Africa more than one million.
A. is B．are C．was D ．were
参考答案
1．B【解析】句意：今天有一个时装表演。have 表示某人或某物拥有??；there be表示某
地或某时有某人或某物。根据today 可知此处表示今天有某物，故用there be句型，主语 a fashion show 是第三人称单数形式，故谓语用第三人称单数is，故选B。
2．C【解析】句意：不仅父亲，而且母亲总是忙于工作，所以我不得不照顾自己。Both; and
表示两者都，连接并列主语，谓语用复数形式；根据谓语is是单数，故排除A项。Neither; nor 既不，也不，连接并列主语，谓语采用就近原则；Not only; but also 不仅，而且，连
接并列主语，谓语采用就近原则；根据so I have to look after myself. 可知我自己照顾自己，
因此父亲和母亲都很忙，故选C。
3．A 【解析】句意：不是你就是你的一个学生被邀请参加明天的会议。考查主谓一致和被动语态。被动语态构成：Be 动词+过去分词；Either ?or ?：或者?或者?；作主语时，就近原则，即看or 后面的名词或代词，本句的主语one of ( ?之一)第三人称单数，be动词用is；结合句意和语境可知选A。
4． B 【解析】这些学生和老师都不知道去南京图书馆的路。neither ?nor 连?接并列结构，
如果连接的是主语，谓语动词有就近原则，根据靠近谓语动词的是the teacher单数名称，故
选B。
点睛：连接主语有就近原则的主要有：neither ?nor ?既不??也不??；either ?or?或者??或者
??；not only ?but also ?不仅??而且??。此外there be 句型中如果有多个并列主语，也有就近原则。
5．B【解析】句意：不但你而且我错了。 A.is 是，用于主语是第三人称单数； B. am 是，用于主语是Ｉ时； C. are 用于主语是第二人称及各种人称的复数； D. be 原形形式。Not only ?but also?作主语时，谓语与靠近它的主语在数量上相一致，本题中与谓语靠近的是主语是Ｉ，与Ｉ连用的是am。故选Ｂ。
6．B【解析】句意：他和我都不是老师。Neither,nor 连接并列主语时，谓语采用就近原则，离谓语最近的主语是I,故谓语用am，故选B。
7． A 【解析】句意：我和杰克都没去过香港，所以我们计划去那里旅行。neither ?nor既?
不??也不??，连接两个主语时，有就近原则，首先排除B,D ；have been to 表示某人去
过某地；have gone to表示某人去了某地，故答案为A。
点睛：both ?and“双者都”，连接句子的两个主语时，其后谓语动词通常用使用复数形式。either ?；orneither ?n与or not only ?but al注so意采取“就近原则” 。还要注意have been to 与have gone to 的区别。have(has)been to 表示“曾经去过某地” ，现在已经不在那里了。可
与just, ever, never 等连用；have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了” ，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。
8． D 【解析】句意：在办公室有四位老师和一名学生。there be 句型表示某时或某地有某人
或某物；have 表示某人或某物拥有。根据in the office 可知此处表示办公室有某人，故用there be.There be 表示有，谓语采用就近原则，此处离谓语最近的主语four teachers 是复数形式，
故谓语用复数，故为are。故选D。
9． A 【解析】句意：不仅你而且我都对那首英文歌曲《昨日重现》感兴趣。not only, but also “不仅，而且”连接并列主语，谓语动词采用就近原则，此处离谓语最近的主语是I，故谓
语用am，故选 A 。
10． A 【解析】句意：李华和我都不擅长写作。N either ??no既r “不?也不?”连接两个主
语时，谓语动词应与最近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则” 。故选 A 。点睛：此题考查就近原则，连词词组either ?or 或者??或者；neither ?nor既不??也不；not only ?but als不o但??而且。连接两个主语时，谓语动词单复数的选择要看离谓语动词最近的主语。如：Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. = Either Jim or they are going to shanghai next Saturday.
Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. = Not only Ann's parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.
11．B【解析】句意：桌子上有一些牛奶和两个苹果。There be句型中be 动词的单复数形式
由后面紧挨着的名词所决定，milk 为不可数名词，be 动词用is，答案为B。
点睛：There be 句型的就近原则：
在there be 句型中，如果"be"后的主语是由and 连接的两个或两个以上的名词，be 的形式要
遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“be的”形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is , 是复数就用are. 如：
1) There is a book and some pens on the floor.
在地板上有一本书和一些钢笔。
(book和pens都是名词，但是book离there更近，所以“be由”book 来确定，book是单数there 后面的be 要用is.)
2) There are some pens and a book on the floor. 在地板上有一些钢笔和一本书。
(book和pens都是名词，但是pens离there更近，所以“ be由” pens来确定，pens是复
创作编号： GB8878185555334563BT9125XW 创作者：凤呜大王* 主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“there be+句型；or either...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;not only...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me. 他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。
(4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了，他也错了。 2.在倒装句中，谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people. 在远处，能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。 非正式文体中： 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“no one”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。总结：英语就近原则短语 1.There be句型There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. =Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. =Not only Ann’s parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.
主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“therebe+句型； oreither...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;notonly...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。 (4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了，他也错了。 2.在倒装句中，谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and theshouts of the people. 在远处，能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk.桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。非正式文体中： 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“noone”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。
总结：英语就近原则短语 1.Therebe句型 Thereisabookandsomepencilsonthedesk.=Therearesomepencilsandabookonthedesk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.=Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Notonly Ann’s parentsbut alsoshestays athome everySunday. 就远原则 谓语动词与前面主语一致 代表词汇：as well as;(together/along)with;Rather than;except;besides;but;including;in addition to;apart from例子：He rather than I is right. Nobody but two students is in the classroom. 主谓一致 一、当主语后面与with,aswellas,but,except,like,ratherthan,no less than,besides,including等+名词或代词连用时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。 1.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,___visitinga museum when the earthquake struck. A.was B.were C.had been D.would be
Agreement between subject and verb 主谓一致主要有以下三个原则： 1、语法一致原则（5种情况） 2、意义一致原则（10种情况） 3、就近原则 语法一致原则 1．and连接不同的人或事时作主语时,谓语动词用复数；但如果连接的名词指的是同一人或物, 或同一概念时, 谓语要用单数。The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance. The knife and fork ____on the table. 2. 不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。What he is doing seems very important. Collecting stamps is his hobby. 3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you. I, who am a teacher, lack humor. 4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如：The teacher together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 5. many a, more than one与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。Many a boy has seen it. More than one student is required to redo the homework. 意义一致原则 1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples ____rotten. All of the apple ____rotten. 2. the rest of; half of; part of; the majority of等以及分数、百分比在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。 Half of the students _____finished their composition. Half of the water ____(pollute). 3. 集合名词作主语，强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, audience, team, government, group。 His family ____already________(move)to France. His family ____all music lovers. 4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单 数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。 people指“民族”时是例外。 The police__________ searching for a thief. The cattle____________eating grass on the hill. 5. 不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody…等Someone is asking for you. 6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses, pants, shorts等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。 Here _____ a new pair of shoes for you. 7．某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。 Physics is a very interesting subject. 8. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 A number of new books are on the desk. The number of students in you class is 50. 9. 单复数同形的名词, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 Not every means is useful.。Not all means are useful. 10. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等 就近原则 either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。 应该注意的几个问题: 1. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:Between the two windows ________（hang）a picture. 2.a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词单复数看后面的名词。 A large quantity of people __________needed here. quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如: Quantities of food (nuts)___________ on the table. 3. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.
主谓一致/就近原则专题 I.适应练习 (主谓一致) ﹡1. Tom as well as his friends ______ (tell) to go out buying some equipment for camping last week. ﹡2. All the meals apart from breakfast ______ (include) in the price. ﹡3. Flight AF421 besides some other flights ______ (delay) because of the heavy fog yesterday. ﹡4. All the guests including him ______ (seat) at the big table now. ﹡5. The thief, together with his companions ______ (not want) to stay in the crowd for long and ______ (appear) immediately. ﹡6. Nobody except your parents always______ (love) you. ﹡7. Fresh fruit like peaches and cherries ______ (sell) very well. ﹡8. Mr. Hu, different from other teachers _______ (not follow) the school code. 笔记： （就近原则） ﹡1. There ______ (be) a CD player and two televisions in the room. ﹡2. Not only their houses but also his ______ (locate) in the west of Chengdu. ﹡3. Either my friends or she ______ (ask) to tell how the accident took place yesterday. ﹡4. Neither the writers nor the singer and actor ______ (invite) to the party yesterday. 笔记： 1. What _______ the staff looking for? A. is B. are C. will D. did 2. You should try Larry and Kevin’s restaurant because _____ the best in the city. A. theirs is B. their’s is C. they are D. their’s are ﹡3. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them ______ absent for different reasons. (MENT 96) A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were ﹡4. A pair of broken glasses ______ on the desk. A. is laying B. is lying C. are lying D. are laying 5. There ______ I’d like to answer this evening. A. are one or two letters B. has one or two letters C. is one or two letters D. have one or two letters 6. Not only the students but also the teacher ______ about the matter. A. are talking B. is to talk C. have talked D. are having talked 7. The teacher with his students ________ in the lab ________ some experiments now. (10 年) A. is; doing B. are; doing C. is; do D. are; do ﹡8. The problem of the town with ______ trees and ______ floods ______ becoming more and more serious.
笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致(就近原则练习)01 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1．There _______ a teacher and some students in the park. A．am B．is C．are D．be 2．Because of too much homework, neither you nor James _______ to the cinema to enjoy the fantastic movie named Ready Player One. A．goes B．doesn’t go C．don’t go D．go 3．There some soup and some hamburgers for you on the table. A．have B．has C．are D．is 4．Not only Ciqikou but Hongyadong ________ well-known to people around China now. A．is B．are C．was D．were 5．Here _______ some delicious apples. A．have B．has C．are D．is 6．There _____ some water in the bottle. A．are B．is C．isn’t D．aren’t 7．Not only his parents but also he ______ crazy about the foreign films. A．am B．is C．are D．be 8．There _____ a number of workers in this factory, and the number of them _____ increasing. A．is, is B．are, is C．is, are 9．---What's in your bag?---There ______a wallet, some books and a pen. A．is B．are C．has D．have 10．---______there______ orange in the fridge, Mum?---No. Only apple juice. A．Is；any B．Are；any C．Are；some D．Is；some 11．Not only his friends but also he _______ happy when they heard of the exciting news. A．is B．are C．was 12．Not only children but also my husband _____crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea (《红海行动》 A．is B．are C．am D．be 13．Not only my friends but also I interested in playing basketball in our free time.
主谓一致(就近原则练 习)03
笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致(就近原则练习)03 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1．There ______a fashion show(时装表演)today. A． does B． is C． has D． can 2．______my father ______ my mother is busy at work, so I have to look after myself. A． Both; and B． Neither; nor C． Not only; but also 3．Either you or one of your students _____ asked to attend tomorrow's meeting. A． is B． have C． are D． has 4．Neither the students nor the teacher ___________ the way to Nanjing Library. A． know B． knows C． don't know D． doesn't know 5．Not only you but also I _________ wrong. A． is B． am C． are D． be 6．Neither he nor I ________ a teacher. A． is B． am C． are D． be 7．Neither Jack nor I to Hong Kong, so we are planning a trip there. A． have been B． has been C． have gone D． has gone 8．There four teachers and a student in the office. A． have B． has C． is D． are 9．Not only you but also I _________interested in the English song Yesterday Once More.
一、主谓一致原则 语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 2. 由连接词and或both ... and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。 注意：（1）若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：The writer and artist has come. （2）由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an) 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it. 3. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。 4. either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。 注意：（1）在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. （2）若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。 5. 在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。 注意：people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 注意：a number of“许多”，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；the number of“……的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数。
主谓一致的几个原则 Company number：【0089WT-8898YT-W8CCB-BUUT-202108】
英语语法：主谓一致的几个原则主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一致原则，即语法形式一致，概念一致（语言内容 上一致），毗邻一致（谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致）。 1. 语法形式一致 （1）单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数 主语，用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则 用复数形式。例如： 1) The performance was very funny. 2) Serving the people is my great happiness. 3) Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 4) Many natural materials are becoming scarce. 5) Both you and I are students. 6) What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper. 注1：在what 引导的主语从句中，如果主语补语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 What we have to learn are the pieces of language that produce inversion. 注2：修饰语对主语的数不起影响。例如： The performance of the first three clowns was very funny. （2）由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在 主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓 语动词仍然用单数形式。例如： 1) My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office. 2) The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV. 3) His sister no less than you is wrong. 4) The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students. 注：有时在with结构里，加上both之后，with就具有and含义。例如： Grandpa Wang with his son, both looking very happy, are taking a walk in the park. (3)有些代词只能指单数可数名词，当它们在句子中作主语时，尽管在意义上是多数，谓语动词 仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody等。例如： 1) Neither likes the friends of the other. (两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。) 2) Everything around us is matter. (我们周围的所有东西都是物质。) (4)在neither of与either of的结构里，一般语法书都认为谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复 数形式，但在美国的TOEFL考试内要求用单数形式。例如：
就近原则也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。e.g. ①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。 ②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。 ③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是
你，而是你父亲该受责备。 ④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。 2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 e.g. ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。 ②当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 3.当一个句子是由there 或here引起,而主语
主谓一致的三大原则 一、语法一致原则 该原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，动词用复数形式： Both my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 The living-room walls are a light yellow. 客厅的墙是淡黄色。 The two factories are in the same locality. 两家工厂都在同一个地区。 Her job is teaching French. 她的工作是教法语。 The location of the house is near the highway. 房子的地点靠近公路。 A large amount of damage was done in a short time. 短期内造成大量损害。 二、意义一致原则 有时候谓语动词的数取决于主语所表示的概念，而不是其语法形式： This news is important for us. 这条消息对我们很重要。 Paris is among the largest cities in the would. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。 The thesis was about a hundred and fifty pages long. 论文有一百五十页长。 Watch out! The police are coming. 当心，警察来了。 Less people are going to university than usual. 现在上大学的人比平时少。 三、就近原则 有时，谓语动词的数决定于主语中最靠近它的词语： Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。
英语语法——主谓一致 主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一致原则，即：语法形式一致；概念一致（语言内容上一致）；毗邻一致（谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致）。 另外，根据代词应该在人称、数、性等方面与所指的词保持一致，还有指代一致。 一、语法形式一致 1、单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语，用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。例如： Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要取决于天气的好赖。 What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper. 我所思考的和我所寻求的都在这个论文中体现了出来。 2、由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如： The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.
主谓一致三原则 。一般来说,主谓一致要遵循以下三个原则: 一、语法一致原则 主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。 (1)主语后面有as well as, with, together, along with, but, like, except, including等非并列连接性短语时, 谓语动词不受该短语中名词数的影响, 仍和主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如: No one except two boys was late for school. There was a bill along with the parce1. The teacher as well as the students likes this painting. (2)由and或both.…and连接的名词作复合主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。例如: The red rose and the white rose are very beautifu1. Both bread and butter were sold out in that shop. 但要注意, 如果连接的两个名词表示同一概念, 即指同一个人或物时(其特征是and后的名词没有任何冠词), 则主语表示单数意义。例如: The secretary and principal of the schoo1 was present at the meeting. The writer and poet has decided to be on holiday in Guilin. (3)在each.…and each..., every ...and every..., no...and...后分别跟单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。例如: There is no sound and no voice in the reading room. In China every man and every woman has the right to vote on this problem. (4) either, each, neither或no +单数名词以及由no, some, any, every等 构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数形式。例如: Is everyone here today? Each of us has a new book. Neither is correct. 需要说明的是：在口语中,如果either, neither和none后面有"of +复数名词/代词" 作主语时, 动词用单数或复数形式均可。例如: Neither of them is/are correct. None of the doctors have/has been to the Great Wall. 但要注意"none of+单数名词" 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 (5) 动词不定式、动名词或名词性从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。例如: To say is one thing, to do is another. Seeing is believing. What he has done is right. 但由what引导的主语从句作主语时, 如果其表语是复数形式, 谓语动词通常用复数形式。例如: What he took with him were three books. (6) many a后接单数名词时, 谓语动词用单数形式。例如: Many a pilot was killed in the air raid. (7)由a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest/majority of +名词,以及由"分数或百分数+名词" 等构成的短语作主语时, 其谓语动词的单、复数形式则要根据名词的单、复数而定。例如: Two-thirds of the profit was made on that deal. The rest of the students are boys. Two percent of the students in our class are boys.
英语语法——主谓一致（就近、就远原则） 就近原则： 也称“ 近原”“就近一致原” (Proximity），即：与靠近的名、代（有不一定是主）在“人称、数”上一致。 在正式文体中： 1. 由下列接的并列主："there be ＋句型 ; or ; either；?norr; neither?nor；whether ? or；not ? but; not only?but also"等;。e.g. ①What he does or what he says does not concern me .他的行或言都与我无关。 ②N either you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没。 ③N ot you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父受。 ④Not only you but(also) he is wrong . 不你了，他也了。 2. 在倒装句中：可与后面第一个主一致。 e.g. ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people .在，能听鼓掌声和人的呼喊声。 ②T here is (are) a pen and some books on the desk . 桌上有一支笔和几本。 II.非正式文体中： 有依“就近一致原”，但也可依“意一致原”或格地依“ 法一致原”。 e.g. Neither she nor I were there (意一致)我和他当都不在那儿。（非正式） Neither she nor I was there .（就近一致）（文同上句）（正式） 但是，如果依“就近一致原”而与其他两原相矛盾，常常是不太合符范的。e.g. No one except his own supporters agree with him .他自己的支持者同意他的意。（依“就近”和“意”一致的原；但法上，“ No one ”才是主，要改成“agrees ”。“写作中”一 般要依“ 法一致”原。 英语就近原则短语 1.There be 句型There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 2.neither...nor...Neither you nor he is right. = Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or...Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. = Either Jim or they are going to shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.