笨老师分享课堂 :主谓一致 (就近原则练习 )01
学校 :___________ 姓名： ___________班级： ___________考号： ___________
一、单选题
1．There _______ a teacher and some students in the park.
A． am B． is C． are D． be
2．Because of too much homework, neither you nor James _______ to the cinema to enjoy the fantastic movie named Ready Player One.
A．goe
s B．doesn ’ t
go
C．don ’ t
go
D．go
3．Ther
e
some soup and some hamburgers for you on the table.
A．hav
e B．ha
s
C．ar
e
D．is
4．Not only Ciqikou but Hongyadong ________ well-known to people around China now.
A．i
s B．ar
e
C．wa
s
D．were
5．Here _______ some delicious apples.
A．hav
e B．ha
s
C．ar
e
D．is
6．There _____ some water in the bottle.
A．ar
e B．i
s
C．is
n
’t D．are
n
’t
7．Not only his parents but also he ______ crazy about the foreign films.
A． am B． is C． are D． be
8．There _____ a number of workers in this factory, and the number of them _____ increasing.
A．is,
is B．are,
is
C．is, are
9．---What's in your bag?---There ______a wallet, some books and a pen.
A．i
s B．ar
e
C．ha
s
D．have
10． ---______there______ orange in the fridge, Mum?---No. Only apple juice.
A．Is；
any B．Are ；
any
C．Are ；
some
D．Is； some
11． Not only his friends but also he _______ happy when they heard of the exciting news. A． is B． are C． was
12． Not only children but also my husband _____crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea (《红
海行动》
A． is B． are C． am D． be
13． Not only my friends but also I
interested in playing basketball in our free time.
A ． is
B ． am
C ． are
D ． be 14． There ______ some money in the
wallet.
A ． have
B ． ar
e
C ． is
D ． has
15． Not only the students but also Mr. Black _______doing outdoor sports.
A ． enjo y
B ． enjo ys
C ． are enjoying
D ． enjoying
16． Let ’ s
savendas!pa
There only about 2, 000 pandas living in the forests
now . A ． am
B ． is
C ． are
17． In
our
schoo l librar y there a number of books on science,and in these years
the number of them growing larger and
larger. A ． are; is B ． is; are C ． are; are D ． is;is 18． Not only Tom but also
Millie
donate some money to the children in need. A ． want B ． want
s C ． want to D ． wants to 19． Neither Tom nor I________ interested in playing
WeChat. A ． am B ． is C ． are D ． be
20． ______ Kate ________Linda knows a lot about DIY , so you can ask them for advice.
A ． Both, and
B ． Neither, nor
C ． Not only, but
also D ． Either, or 21． Neither Amy nor her mother ____ abroad before ．
A ． has been to
B ． have been
to C ． has gone to D ． have gone to
22． In our city there ___ a number of cars and the number of them ___ growing larger and larger.
A ． are; is
B ． have; is
C ． is; are
D ． are; are
23． There _______ a box and two pencils on the desk yesterday.
A ． is
B ． wa s
C ． are
D ． wer
e
24． Not only his friends but
also he
________ always interested in science fiction. A ． show B ． shows C ． are D ． is
25． — Do you like your new T-shirt? — Yes. Not only I but also my mother ________ it.
A ． doesn't like
B ． lik
e C ． likes D ． don't like 26． Either you or your father _______ TV in the evening.
A． watc h B． watche
s C． don't watch D． watchs
27． ________Rita ________ her mother know my address. They often visit me at my home.
A． Not;
but B． Not only; but also C． Both;
and D． Either; or
28． Neith er Am
y
nor her parents ______ to
Australia, but _______
of them know
Australian
customs very well.
A． have been, all B． have been,
both C． has been, neither
D． has been,
none
29． Neither you nor he _________good at drawing.
A． are B． is C． be
30． There is ______ on show in the movie theater.
A． an interesting films B． a interesting film
C． interesting films D． an interesting film
31． ____ Lily ____ Milly likes pizza. They often say pizza is very delicious.
A． Both; and B． Not only; but
also C． \; and
32． -- Which show do you prefer, Running Man or The
Reader?
-- The reader, of course. ________ I _______ my brother likes it.
A． Both; and B． Neither;
nor C． Either; or D． Not only; but also 33． He likes beautiful things. Either modern art or
traditional craft a lot to him. A． have
meant B． mean C． meant D． means
34． There a book and two pens in the pencil
case.
A． are B． a
m C． is D． be
35． ---I saw Tom's father bought lots of books yesterday.
---That's not strange. Not only Tom but also his father _______reading.
A． enjoy B． enjoy
s
C． enjoye
d
36．— Are your brothers excited about the vacation?
—Yes , of course. ____ my brothers ____ I am looking forward to taking a vacation
A． Both...and B． Not only...but also C． Neither...nor
37．（题文） Not only he but also his father ________ playing football.
A． likes B． like C． is liking D． are liking
38． In our school library, there ________ a number of books on science and the number of them
_______ growing larger and larger.
A．is; are
B．
are; is
C．ha
ve;
is D．is;
is
39．— My parents are crazy about Running Man. How about your parents?
— ___ my dad ____my mom likes it. But they prefer Ode to Joy.
A ． Both; and
B ． Not only; but also
C ． Either; or
D ． Neither; nor
40． Not only my classmates but also our
English
teacher Chinese poems, so we often
share their favourite ones.
A ． like
B ． lik
ed C ． likes D ． liking
41． There ________ a dog and some cats in the
picture. A ． are
B ． is
C ． will
D ． do
42． ________ not only Mike but also you and Lucy interested in ________ stamps?
A ． Are; collecting
B ． Is;
collecting C ． Is; collect D ． Are; collect 43． WeChat is widely used. _____the young _____the old are interested in it. A ． Either ; or B ． Neither ;
nor C ． Not only ; but also
44． Neither my parents nor my best friend __________me to play computer games ______.
A ． allow, too much
B ． allows, much too
C ． allows, too much 45． Not only the students but also their
teacher enjoying the film. A ． be
B ． am
C ． is
D ． are
46． Not only Simon but also his classmates often _____ me with my English.
A ． help
B ． to help
C ． help
s D ． are help 47． Neither the students nor the teacher ________ the answer to the question. A ． kno w B ． know s C ． don ’ t
know D ． doesn ’ t know 48． — To
m Lily is coming. — Yeah, I am so happy that they are free
tomorrow.
A ． Both; and
B ． Neither; nor
C ． Either; or
D ． Not only; but also 49． Neither Tom nor his parents _____________ at
home.
A ． is
B ． are
C ． has
D ． was
50． --Do you know how many colours ______ in a
rainbow?
--Seven. A ． are
there B ． there are
C ． is there
D ． there is
参考答案
1．B【详解】教室里有一个老师和一些学生。在there be 句型中，谓语动词采取就近原则，
be 动词与后面的主语最近的那个主语一致。在本题中，谓语与 a teacher最近，在三个选项中， a teacher只能与 is 连用，所以题目的答
案是 B
【点睛】英语初中阶段就近原则的短语
there be 有
either ?? or ??或者??或者??
neithe
r ?? nor ??既不也不
not only ?? but also 不??但??而且??
2．A【详解】
句意：因为太多的作业，你和詹姆斯都没有去电影院欣赏那部名为《头号玩家》的精彩电影。
neither,nor“既不，也不”，连接并列主语，谓语用就近原则，此处离谓语最近的主语Jame s
是第三人称单数形式，故谓语用用第三人称单数形式，故排除 CD 两项。根据 Because of too
much homework, 可知作业太多，因此没有去电影
院，故用goes。故选 A 。
3．D【详解】句意：在桌子上有给你的一些汤和一些汉堡。这里是there be 句型，表示“某
地有某物”，排除 AB 的 have/has（有）。be 动词的选择需要遵从就近原则，参照最近的名词
some soup，这是不可数名词，所以对应的 be 动词是 is，故选 D。
【点睛】
There be 句型： 1.定义： There be 句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2.结构： (1) There is + 单数
可数名词 /不可数名词 + 地点状语， (2) There are + 复数名词 +地点状语。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词 be 要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。
4．A【详解】句意：不仅磁器口而且洪崖洞现在都闻名全国。考查not
only
?? but（also）
的用法。根据 not only ?? but （ also）的用法可知，用就近原则，后面的谓语动词根据离它最近的主语决定， Hongyadong 是一个地名，故谓语动词用三单，本句的时间是now 一般现在时态，故
选
A 。
5．C【详解】
句意：这里有一些好吃的水果。Here be ?表示有??；此处
主语some delicious
apples
是复
数形式，故谓语用复数形式，故为
are。故选 C。
there be句型，be 动词的形式6．B【详解】句意：瓶子里有一些水。考查主谓一致。本句
是
is 或 isn ’t；some 用于肯定句中，否定句使是就近原则，water 是不可数名词，单数，可
知用
用 any，可知此句填is；
选
B。
7．B【详解】句意：不仅他的父母而且他对外国电影着迷。not only, but also“不仅，而且”，连接并列主语，谓语用就近原则，此处离谓语最近的主
语
he 是第三人称单数，故谓语用第
三人称单数形式，故为is。故
选
B。
8．B【详解】句意：这个工厂有许多工人，他们的数量正在增加。考查主谓一致。There be
句型 be 动词形式是就近原则； a number of：许多的，作定语，修饰可数名词复数，根据 workers
可知用 be 动词的复数形式 are；the
number of?：?.的数量，of 后面的名词或代词修饰numbe
r
的，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故第二个空
填is。选 B 。
9．A【详解】
句意：——你的包里有什么？——有一个钱包，一些书和一支钢笔。
考查there be 结构。本
句是 there be 结构，需遵循就近原则。a wallet 是单数名词，系词需
用is；根据句意结构，可
知选 A。10． A【详解】
句意：——妈妈，冰箱里有桔子汁吗？——不是只有苹果汁。考查主谓一致。本句是 there
be
结构，需遵循就近原则。根据回
答No.Only apple juice. ，可知问的是有没有桔子
汁，orange
这里是不可数名词，系词需用is，可排除 BC 两项。疑问句中，需
用
any，故选
A 。
11． C【详解】句意：当他们听到这个激动人心的消息，不仅他的朋友还有他都很高
兴。not only...but also... 不仅??而且??，当它连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则，根据
when they heard of the exciting news. 可知用过去时态，故
选
C。
12．A【详解】句意：不仅仅是孩子，而且我的丈夫也对<<红海行
动
>>疯狂。A. is 是，第三
人称单数； B. are 是，第一、二和第三人称复数； C. am 是，主语为I; D. be 是， be 动词原形。 Not only...but also... 不但 ...而且 ..., 当并列主语时，谓语动词形式的确定根据“就近原则”。
故选：A 。
【点睛】谓语动词的确定依据“就近原则”
的有：
there be＋句
型
; or ;
either
?or ； nor;
neith er ? nor；
whether
? or；
not
? but; not
only
? but also等。?
13． B【详解】
句意：不仅我的朋友，而且我在我们的空闲时间对打篮球有兴趣。考查主谓一致。并列连词
not only ? but also ：不?但. ?而且?，不仅?还?，它连接的两个名词做主语
时，谓语动词形式就近原则，根据 I 可知 be 动词用 am；可知选 B。
14． C【详解】句意：钱包里有一些钱。考查there be 结构。本句是 there be 结构，表存在，
不可用 have/has，遵循就近原则。money 钱，不可数名词，系词需用is；根据句意语境，可
知选 C。
15． B【详解】句意：不仅这些学生而且布莱克先生也喜欢户外运动。 A. enjoy 动词，喜欢、
享受；B. enjoys 动词三单，喜欢、享受；C. are enjoying 现在进行时态，喜欢、享受；D. enjoying
动名词或现在分词，喜欢、享受。Not only...but
also..., 意为“不
但
...而
且 ....
当”,并列主语时，
谓语动词的确定根据就近原则；Mr.
Black
第三人称的单数，所以谓语使用三单形式。故选：
B。【点睛】当并列主语时，词组neither ...nor ，
either ...or ，与
not only ...but
also
都根据就近
原则，确定谓语动词的词形，动词用什么形式要看离动词近的主语而定。肯定句中看or，nor，but
also
后面的主语。
16． C【详解】句意：让我们拯救大熊猫吧！现在在森林里只有大
约
2,000 只熊猫了。am，
is 和are都
是
be 动词的形式，这句话使用
的是
there be 句型， be 动词的单复数形式应根据后
面的主语形式一致， about 2,000 pandas 是复数，故应选C。
17． A【详解】句意：在我们学校的图书馆里有许多关于科学的书，这些年来，它们的数量
越来越大。考查系动词辨析题。 a number of 大量的，后接复数名词，强调的是of 后面的事物，属于复数人称；the number of 的数量，强调的是the number，属于单数第三人称。t here
be 结构遵循就近原则，a number of
books 是复数，系词需
用
are； the number of
them
是单数
第三人称，系词需用is；根据句意结构，可知
选
A。
18． D【详解】句意：不仅汤姆而且米莉也想捐钱给有需要的孩子。not
only
? but
also
意?
思是“不但??而且??”，连接两个并列主语时有就近原则，也就是谓语动词与Milli
e
相
对应，要用动词三单形式，排除A,C ； want to do sth.想做
某事，
donate 是动词原形，故答案
为 D 。
19．A【详解】句意：汤姆和我都对玩微信不感兴趣。neither ? nor ?意思是“??既不，??也不”，当连接两个主语时，遵循“就近原则” ，谓语动词在人称和数上和相邻近的主语一致。
本题与 I 一致， be 动词用 am。故选 A 。
20． C【详解】句意：不仅凯特而且琳达对 DIY 了解很多，所以你可以征求她们的意见。考查连词辨析。 A. Both ?and?：既?又?，两者都，连接连个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动
词用复数； B. 短语 Neither ?nor ?：既不?也不?，两者都不，连接连个名词或代词做主语
时，谓语动词的形式遵循就近原则； C. Not
only ?but
also
：?不仅?还?.，不但?而且?，
连接连个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词的形式遵循就近原则； D.
Either ?o
r
?：.要么?要
么?.，或者?或者?，不是?就是?，表示两者之一，连接连个名词或代词做主语时，谓
语动词的形式遵循就近原则。根据下文“you can ask them for advice. ”可知凯特和琳达两人
对DI
Y 了解很多，可知
选
A 或
者
C；结合谓语动
词
know
s
是单数，可知
选
C。
21．A【详解】句意：艾米和她母亲以前都没去过国外。考查主谓一致。neith
er
? nor既不?
也不，遵循就近原则；her mother 是单数第三人称，助动词
需用has，可排
除
B
D
两项。 have
been to 曾经到过；have gone to 已经去了。根据句意语境，可知是以前曾经去过，
故选
A 。22． A【详解】
句意：我们城市有许多汽车，而且它们的数量越来越多。考查 there be 结构和主谓一致。there be 结构遵循就近原则， a number of 修饰可数名词复数，作主语时动词用复数； the number of
修饰可数名词复数，作主语时动词用第三人称单数。根据句意语境，可知选 A 。
23． B【详解】句意：昨天桌子上有一个盒子和两支铅笔。根据时间状语yesterday 判断，句
子的时态为一般过去时，首先排除A,
C
答案；由
于
there be 句型有就近原则，
靠近
be 动词
的主语为a box，为名词单数形式，
因此
be 动词
用
was，故答案
为
B。
【点睛】 There be 结构中的名词及主谓一致：当主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，其谓
语必须用单数is; 当主语是可数名词复数时，其谓语必须用
复数
are。
There is a river in the picture. 画里有一条河。There is a river in the
picture.
画里有一条河。
There are two children in the
room.
房间里有两个孩子。
如果 There be 句型后的主语是几个并列的名词时，be 应与靠近的那个名词保持数的一致。
即该名词是单数，be 用 is，如该名词是复数，be 用 are。
There is one book and two pens on the desk.桌子上有一本书两支钢笔。
There are some apples and a bird in the tree. 树上有一些苹果和一只鸟。
另外还要注意There be 句型的时态要通过be 体现出来。本题考查的就是T here be 句型的一
般过去时态。
24． D【详解】句意：不仅他的朋友，而且他总是对科幻小说感兴趣。考查主谓一致。not
only ? but also连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词的数由离其最近的主语来决定，即就近原则，
所以此处要根据he 来确定谓语动词的形式；因为后面是interested in ，所以用 be interested in “对?感兴趣”，所以谓语动词用is；故答案选 D 。
25．C【详解】句意：——你喜欢你的新T 恤吗？——是的。不仅我而且我的母亲也喜欢它。
no t only???b
ut
also:不仅而且，连接两个主语时，谓语动词适合就近一致，因此动词
要用my
mother
一致，要用第三人称单数，根
据
yes 可知是喜欢，故
选
C。
26． B【详解】句意：要么是你，要么是你父亲在晚上看电视。 either...or...连接两个词做主语
动词应适用就近一致原则，your father 为第三人称单数因此动词应是第三人称单数形式，以
-ch、-sh、 -x、 -s 结尾的动词的单数形式应加-es，故
选
B 。
【点评】考查主谓一致中的就近一致原则。
27．C【详解】not ? but，not
only
? but
also和
eith
er
? or都适用于“就近原则”，根
据主语
her
moth er 谓语动词应该用三单形
式
knows，而句子的谓语动词是
原形
know ，故只能
选
C。
【点评】本题考查动词的主谓一致。
28． B【解析】句意：艾米和她的父母都没去过澳大利亚，但他们都很了解澳大利亚的风俗
习惯。考查动词时态和不定代词辨析题。Neither A nor B ，表示两者都没有/都不，遵循就近
原则；空格前面的 parents（父母）是复数形式，不可用 has，可排除 CD 两项。 all 全都；
both 两者都， Amy 和 her parents 是两个方面，需用 both。根据句意语境，可知选 B。
29．B【解析】句意：你和他都不擅长绘画。 Neither ·nor····，“既不···也不···，既非···也非···”连接两个并列的主语时，应遵循“就近原则”。句子中就近的主语是
he ，谓语动词
用 is,排除A 、C，答案
是
B。
30．D【详解】句意：电影院里有一部有趣的电影上映。考查不定冠词
和
there be句型。 There
be 句型， be 动词的形式是就近原则，本
句中
is 是第三人称单数，后面的名词用单数，故排
除 C； an/a 一个，修饰可数名词单数，故
排除
A ，a 用于辅音因素开头的可数名词单数前，
an 用于元音因素开头的可数名词单数前，interesting 是元音因素开头，
用
an；
选
D 。
31． B【详解】句意：不仅 Lily 喜欢披萨，而且 Milly 也喜欢，她们经常说披萨非常美味。Both; and 两者···都···； Not only; but also 不但···而且···； and 和。选项 A 和 C 的谓语
都应为复数形式，选项B 的谓语遵循就近原则。题干中谓
语是
likes ，故正确答
案选
B
【点睛】
英语中遵循邻近原则的：
1）当 either ? or 与? neither ? nor 连···接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
如： Either you or she is to go.
2.） not only...but also 不仅···而且的句型中应该用临近原则。如：Not only he but also I
am a student.
3）如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。如： Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.
32． D【解析】句意：——《跑男》和《朗读者》，你更喜欢哪一个节目？——当然是
《朗读者》，不仅我，而且我哥哥都喜欢它。 Both ； and“??和??都”，连接并列
主语，谓语用
复数形式。此处谓语 likes 是第三人称单数，故排除A 项。 Neither;nor “既不，也不”，
根据
The reader, of course 可知此处表示喜欢《朗读者》，故排除 B 项。 Either, or“或者，或
者”，
根据句意我和哥哥两个人都喜欢它，不是我们中的一个人喜欢它。故排除 C 项。Not only,
but
also“不仅，而且”连接并列主语，谓语用就近原则，离谓语最近的主语my brother 是第
三
人称单数，故谓语 likes 是第三人称单数。故选D。
33． D【详解】
句意：他喜欢漂亮的东西。无论是现代艺术还是传统工艺对他来说都很重
要。考查动词时态
辨析题。 either ?or无论??还是，需遵循就近原则。traditional craft 传统工艺，是单数第
三
人称，动词需用三单形式。根据句意语境，可知
选 D 。
34． C【解析】句意：在铅笔盒里有一本书和两只钢
笔。am，is 和 are 都是 be动词的形式，
am 用于主语是第一人称I 的时候； is 用于主语是单数的时候； are 用于主语是复数或是第
二
人称 you 的时候。这个题目考查的是there be 句型的单复数形式，应根据就近原则，与
离谓
语动词最近的名词一致，在这句话中就
是 a book，故用单数，选 C。
35． B【解析】句意：——昨天我看见汤姆的爸爸买了许多书。——那不奇怪，不仅汤姆而
且他爸爸喜欢读书。根据not only---but
also---
不仅 --- 而且 ---，连接句子的两个主语时，谓
语动词就近原则，根据句意说明一种情况，用一般现在时态，根
据
his father 单三，所以谓
语动词用单数形式；故
选
B
36． B【解析】句意：——对于这个假期你兄弟激动吗？——当然，我的兄弟和我都盼望着
度假。根据both---and--- 两者都 --- ，连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数，所
以排除
A ；not
only...but also 不仅 --- 而
且 ---
，连接两个主语时，谓语动词用就近原则；Neither----nor----
既不 --- 也不 --- ，当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则；根
据
Are your brothers excited
about the vacation?— Yes , of course.可知是盼望度
假；故选
B
点睛：both---and--- 两
者都--- ，连接句子的两个相同成分，例
如：
Bot
h
Lil
y
and
Lucy
are
students.； Neither----
nor----
既不 --- 也不 --- ，其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成分，
当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则。例如：Neither dad nor mum is at home today；
either---or--- 或者 --- 或者 --- ，表示两者之一，两节句子的两个并
列成分，
，当连接句子的两个
主语时，谓语动词就近原则。例如：Either you or I am going
。
there
37． A【详解】
句意：不仅他而且他爸爸也喜欢踢足球。not only ?but also ?连接两个并列主语时有就近原则，也就是谓语动词与his father 要保持一致，排除 B,D；表示某人的习惯与爱好时用一般
现在时态，动词要用三单形式，故答案为 A 。
【点睛】
需要注意几个并列连词词组的用法：bot
h
?and?“两者都”，连接句子的两个主语时，其
后谓语动词通常用使用复数形式。eith
er ?o
r
?；
neither
?no
r
?与 not
only
?but also?注
意采取“就近原则”。not only ? but also 结?构中的 not only 可用于句首，连接两个分句时，第一个从句主谓要倒装。如： Not only is he clever, but also he is hard working. 他不仅聪明，而且学习努力。
38． B【详解】
句意：在我们的学校图书馆里，有很多关于科学的书，它们的数量正变得越来越多。
there be表示某时或某地有某人或某物；have 表示某人或某物拥有。
根据
in our school library
可知此处表示存在，用there be 句型。根
据
a number
of
“一些”，修饰复数名词，作主语，
谓语用复数形式，故第一空用 are。the number of “??的数量”，作主语，谓语用第三
人称单数，故第二空用 is。故选 B 。
39． B【解析】句意：——我父母对“跑男”很着迷，你父母呢？——不仅我爸还有我妈都喜欢它，但是他们更喜欢 Ode to Joy.根据
both--- and--- 两者都 --- ，连接句子的两个主语时，
谓语动词用复数； Not only--- but
also--- 不仅
--- 而且 -
--，连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词
用就近原则；
Neither-
---nor---- 既不 --
-
也不 --
- ，连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词用就近原则；
either---or---或
者
--- 或
者--- ，当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则；故选 B
点睛： both---and--- 两者都 --- ，连接句子的两个相同成分，例
如：
Both Lily and
Lucy are
student s. ； Neither-
---
nor---
-
既不 --
- 也不
--- ，其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个
并列
的成分，当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则。例
如：Neither dad nor mumis at
home today ；
either---or--- 或者 --
- 或者 ---
，表示两者之一，两节句子的两个并列成
分，，
当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则。例如：Either you or me am going
there 。
40． C【解析】句意：不仅我的同学们而且我的老师都喜欢古诗，因此我们经常分享他们最
喜欢的诗。本题考查动词的时态。 A. like 动词原形； B. liked 过去式； C. likes 单数第三人
创作编号： GB8878185555334563BT9125XW 创作者：凤呜大王* 主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“there be+句型；or either...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;not only...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me. 他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。
(4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了，他也错了。 2.在倒装句中，谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people. 在远处，能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。 非正式文体中： 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“no one”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。总结：英语就近原则短语 1.There be句型There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. =Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. =Not only Ann’s parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.
Agreement between subject and verb 主谓一致主要有以下三个原则： 1、语法一致原则（5种情况） 2、意义一致原则（10种情况） 3、就近原则 语法一致原则 1．and连接不同的人或事时作主语时,谓语动词用复数；但如果连接的名词指的是同一人或物, 或同一概念时, 谓语要用单数。The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance. The knife and fork ____on the table. 2. 不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。What he is doing seems very important. Collecting stamps is his hobby. 3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you. I, who am a teacher, lack humor. 4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如：The teacher together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 5. many a, more than one与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。Many a boy has seen it. More than one student is required to redo the homework. 意义一致原则 1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples ____rotten. All of the apple ____rotten. 2. the rest of; half of; part of; the majority of等以及分数、百分比在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。 Half of the students _____finished their composition. Half of the water ____(pollute). 3. 集合名词作主语，强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, audience, team, government, group。 His family ____already________(move)to France. His family ____all music lovers. 4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单 数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。 people指“民族”时是例外。 The police__________ searching for a thief. The cattle____________eating grass on the hill. 5. 不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody…等Someone is asking for you. 6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses, pants, shorts等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。 Here _____ a new pair of shoes for you. 7．某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。 Physics is a very interesting subject. 8. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 A number of new books are on the desk. The number of students in you class is 50. 9. 单复数同形的名词, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 Not every means is useful.。Not all means are useful. 10. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等 就近原则 either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。 应该注意的几个问题: 1. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:Between the two windows ________（hang）a picture. 2.a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词单复数看后面的名词。 A large quantity of people __________needed here. quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如: Quantities of food (nuts)___________ on the table. 3. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.
英语语法讲解——主谓一致 英语中,主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词的单复数形式. 主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则.根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结: 一, 并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数. 如: A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里. 但如果在意义上指同一个人,同一件事或同一个概念时,谓语动词要用单数形式.如: A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针). 2. 当each ...and each..., every...and every..., no...and no..., many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.如: ①No man and no animal is to be found on the moo n. 在月球上没发现人和动物. ②Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.
许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作. 3.一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词一般用复数.如: Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are s tudying. 古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程. 但如果表示的是同一概念时应用单数.如: The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课. 4. 由not only... but also ... , either...or ... , neither... nor... , ... or...连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常依就近一致原则决定.如: Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat. 不是运动员就是教练应该对这次比赛的失利负责. 5. 当主语由as well as, along with, together with, rathe r than, no less than（不少于，多达）, but, except, besides, in addition to, like, including等词连接时,其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定. 如: ①An iron and steal works, with some satellite factorie s is to be built here.
主谓一致/就近原则专题 I.适应练习 (主谓一致) ﹡1. Tom as well as his friends ______ (tell) to go out buying some equipment for camping last week. ﹡2. All the meals apart from breakfast ______ (include) in the price. ﹡3. Flight AF421 besides some other flights ______ (delay) because of the heavy fog yesterday. ﹡4. All the guests including him ______ (seat) at the big table now. ﹡5. The thief, together with his companions ______ (not want) to stay in the crowd for long and ______ (appear) immediately. ﹡6. Nobody except your parents always______ (love) you. ﹡7. Fresh fruit like peaches and cherries ______ (sell) very well. ﹡8. Mr. Hu, different from other teachers _______ (not follow) the school code. 笔记： （就近原则） ﹡1. There ______ (be) a CD player and two televisions in the room. ﹡2. Not only their houses but also his ______ (locate) in the west of Chengdu. ﹡3. Either my friends or she ______ (ask) to tell how the accident took place yesterday. ﹡4. Neither the writers nor the singer and actor ______ (invite) to the party yesterday. 笔记： 1. What _______ the staff looking for? A. is B. are C. will D. did 2. You should try Larry and Kevin’s restaurant because _____ the best in the city. A. theirs is B. their’s is C. they are D. their’s are ﹡3. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them ______ absent for different reasons. (MENT 96) A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were ﹡4. A pair of broken glasses ______ on the desk. A. is laying B. is lying C. are lying D. are laying 5. There ______ I’d like to answer this evening. A. are one or two letters B. has one or two letters C. is one or two letters D. have one or two letters 6. Not only the students but also the teacher ______ about the matter. A. are talking B. is to talk C. have talked D. are having talked 7. The teacher with his students ________ in the lab ________ some experiments now. (10 年) A. is; doing B. are; doing C. is; do D. are; do ﹡8. The problem of the town with ______ trees and ______ floods ______ becoming more and more serious.
一、主谓一致原则 语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 2. 由连接词and或both ... and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。 注意：（1）若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：The writer and artist has come. （2）由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an) 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it. 3. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。 4. either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。 注意：（1）在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. （2）若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。 5. 在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。 注意：people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 注意：a number of“许多”，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；the number of“……的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数。
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解 本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致 等常见考点。 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。 15.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则 1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。 There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。 2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如： Either you or she is to go. 不是你去，就是她去。 Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。 15.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组
主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“therebe+句型； oreither...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;notonly...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。 (4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了，他也错了。 2.在倒装句中，谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and theshouts of the people. 在远处，能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk.桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。非正式文体中： 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“noone”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。
总结：英语就近原则短语 1.Therebe句型 Thereisabookandsomepencilsonthedesk.=Therearesomepencilsandabookonthedesk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.=Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Notonly Ann’s parentsbut alsoshestays athome everySunday. 就远原则 谓语动词与前面主语一致 代表词汇：as well as;(together/along)with;Rather than;except;besides;but;including;in addition to;apart from例子：He rather than I is right. Nobody but two students is in the classroom. 主谓一致 一、当主语后面与with,aswellas,but,except,like,ratherthan,no less than,besides,including等+名词或代词连用时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。 1.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,___visitinga museum when the earthquake struck. A.was B.were C.had been D.would be
主谓一致(就近原则练 习)03
笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致(就近原则练习)03 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1．There ______a fashion show(时装表演)today. A． does B． is C． has D． can 2．______my father ______ my mother is busy at work, so I have to look after myself. A． Both; and B． Neither; nor C． Not only; but also 3．Either you or one of your students _____ asked to attend tomorrow's meeting. A． is B． have C． are D． has 4．Neither the students nor the teacher ___________ the way to Nanjing Library. A． know B． knows C． don't know D． doesn't know 5．Not only you but also I _________ wrong. A． is B． am C． are D． be 6．Neither he nor I ________ a teacher. A． is B． am C． are D． be 7．Neither Jack nor I to Hong Kong, so we are planning a trip there. A． have been B． has been C． have gone D． has gone 8．There four teachers and a student in the office. A． have B． has C． is D． are 9．Not only you but also I _________interested in the English song Yesterday Once More.
主谓一致的几个原则 Company number：【0089WT-8898YT-W8CCB-BUUT-202108】
英语语法：主谓一致的几个原则主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一致原则，即语法形式一致，概念一致（语言内容 上一致），毗邻一致（谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致）。 1. 语法形式一致 （1）单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数 主语，用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则 用复数形式。例如： 1) The performance was very funny. 2) Serving the people is my great happiness. 3) Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 4) Many natural materials are becoming scarce. 5) Both you and I are students. 6) What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper. 注1：在what 引导的主语从句中，如果主语补语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 What we have to learn are the pieces of language that produce inversion. 注2：修饰语对主语的数不起影响。例如： The performance of the first three clowns was very funny. （2）由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在 主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓 语动词仍然用单数形式。例如： 1) My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office. 2) The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV. 3) His sister no less than you is wrong. 4) The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students. 注：有时在with结构里，加上both之后，with就具有and含义。例如： Grandpa Wang with his son, both looking very happy, are taking a walk in the park. (3)有些代词只能指单数可数名词，当它们在句子中作主语时，尽管在意义上是多数，谓语动词 仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody等。例如： 1) Neither likes the friends of the other. (两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。) 2) Everything around us is matter. (我们周围的所有东西都是物质。) (4)在neither of与either of的结构里，一般语法书都认为谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复 数形式，但在美国的TOEFL考试内要求用单数形式。例如：
主谓一致的讲解 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 法规制定 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉 A law and rule 法规 A needle and thread 一套针线 Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条 The stars and stripes 星条旗
笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致(就近原则练习)01 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1．There _______ a teacher and some students in the park. A．am B．is C．are D．be 2．Because of too much homework, neither you nor James _______ to the cinema to enjoy the fantastic movie named Ready Player One. A．goes B．doesn’t go C．don’t go D．go 3．There some soup and some hamburgers for you on the table. A．have B．has C．are D．is 4．Not only Ciqikou but Hongyadong ________ well-known to people around China now. A．is B．are C．was D．were 5．Here _______ some delicious apples. A．have B．has C．are D．is 6．There _____ some water in the bottle. A．are B．is C．isn’t D．aren’t 7．Not only his parents but also he ______ crazy about the foreign films. A．am B．is C．are D．be 8．There _____ a number of workers in this factory, and the number of them _____ increasing. A．is, is B．are, is C．is, are 9．---What's in your bag?---There ______a wallet, some books and a pen. A．is B．are C．has D．have 10．---______there______ orange in the fridge, Mum?---No. Only apple juice. A．Is；any B．Are；any C．Are；some D．Is；some 11．Not only his friends but also he _______ happy when they heard of the exciting news. A．is B．are C．was 12．Not only children but also my husband _____crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea (《红海行动》 A．is B．are C．am D．be 13．Not only my friends but also I interested in playing basketball in our free time.
主谓一致的三大原则 一、语法一致原则 该原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，动词用复数形式： Both my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 The living-room walls are a light yellow. 客厅的墙是淡黄色。 The two factories are in the same locality. 两家工厂都在同一个地区。 Her job is teaching French. 她的工作是教法语。 The location of the house is near the highway. 房子的地点靠近公路。 A large amount of damage was done in a short time. 短期内造成大量损害。 二、意义一致原则 有时候谓语动词的数取决于主语所表示的概念，而不是其语法形式： This news is important for us. 这条消息对我们很重要。 Paris is among the largest cities in the would. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。 The thesis was about a hundred and fifty pages long. 论文有一百五十页长。 Watch out! The police are coming. 当心，警察来了。 Less people are going to university than usual. 现在上大学的人比平时少。 三、就近原则 有时，谓语动词的数决定于主语中最靠近它的词语： Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。
就近原则也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。e.g. ①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。 ②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。 ③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是
你，而是你父亲该受责备。 ④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。 2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 e.g. ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。 ②当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 3.当一个句子是由there 或here引起,而主语