14.
I.1.Get letters, documents and packages delivered overnight.
2.Handle nearly 2 million packages and documents per day
3.Own a large number of airplanes, trucks and vans for handling delivery
4.Ensure that most of its flights arrive within fifteen minutes of schedule
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a11524944.html,e a combination of direct services and independent contractors for international deliveries
6.Promote the company's record of efficiency and on time delivery
7.Face intense competition from electronic mail
8.Businesses need to be able to communicate quickly with employees around the world
9.Offer international service to over one hundred countries
10.An adverse impact which losses in international operations have on a firm's earnings
11.Increase a company's fixed costs of international operations
12.Experience poor sales performance due to very stiff competition
13.Have difficulty in building a global infrastructure to support its operations
14.Try to improve its services through more sophisticated computers
II.1.Businesses and individuals in the United States and the whole world benefit greatly from the overnight letter,document and package delivery service handled by Federal Express.
2.Federal Express has up-do-date means of transport,highly efficient service centers and facilities, and loyal and hardworking employees, which ensures the quick and punctual fulfillment of its delivery service.
3.To promote its delivery service, Federal Express motivates its employees by offering them excellent training and compensation, so that they have very high level of service and efficiency.
4.Despite its remarkable business performance, Federal Express is faced with fierce competition from its rivals in its business operations, with the result of a considerable loss of its market share.
5.Although it has experienced many difficulties and setbacks in its business operations, Federal Express is convinced that, by improving its service through more sophisticated computers and customer relations, it can certainly succeed in attaining further overseas expansion.
Revision Exercises(LL.8-14)
I.1.in 2.in 3.with 4.for 5.to 6.of 7.on 8.in 9.to 10.with 11.on
12.with 13.from 14.of 15.by 16.in
II.1.along with 2.importers 3.ensure 4.advertise 5.establishing 6.existing 7.blueprint 8.in contrast with 9.in spite of 10.was subject to 11.were aimed at 12.are likely to 13.prevailing 14.affect 15.regardless of 16.extent
III.1.the government will provide them with preferential loans and relatively
cheap raw materials
2.The central bank of that Latin American country is likely to
3.has played a significant role in the rapid economic growth of this country
4.specializing in the manufacture of transformers
5.will lead to price fluctuations and a slowdown in the improvement in the living conditions of inhabitants
6.has enabled China's existing industrial enterprises to raise labor productivity, increase output and improve product quality.
7.will promote the economic development of Shanghai, the Yangtse Delta and the whole country
8.on the basis of the trade agreements reached with them
9.there is no doubt that their export value will decline obviously
10.consisting of a group of renowned economists
11.amounted to 2 billion U.S. Dollars, an increase of 15 percent over the year before
12.has created conditions for the further development and opening up of that city
13.will contribute to the expansion of economic and trade cooperation between China and Spain
14.regardless of any difficulties and risks
IV.1.At that time, taking advantage of his participation in an export commodity fair in Los Angeles, the presentative of this company producing household electric appliances got acquainted with many foreign entrepreneurs and businessmen so as to create favorable conditions for the development of the company's overseas business in the future.
2.As far back as the mid-1980s, the government made great efforts to build highway and communication facilities in that economic development zone in order to create conditions for the vigorous economic development in the 1990s and beyond.
3.In order to further expand opening-up, the government has allowed the branches of foreign banks in China to conduct RMB deposit and lending business so that they can play an important role in China's economic development.
4.With a serious shortage of foreign exchange, this Latin American country has continuously cut down on imports, leading to an inadequate supply of many machinery and equipment and raw materials and a sustained decline in industrial production in the country.
5.The statistics issued by China's Customs General Administration show that, on November 20, 2004 China's total export and import value topped 1 trillion U.S. Dollars, which became a new milestone in the development of the country's foreign trade, implying that China will become the world's third largest international trader next only to the United States and Germany.
6.The foreign exchange system recently promulgated by Bank of China is aimed at stimulating domestic enterprises to expand exports and increase export earnings and encouraging overseas Chinese to make more remittance to their motherland.
7.Recently, the commerce minister of that country stated at a press conference that, on the basis of some regulations promulgated by the World Trade Organization, the country would soon negotiate with some developed countries about bilateral economic and trade relations.
8.At that time, despite its major economic difficulties, China still provided some less developed countries with economic and technological assistance and helped them overcome various difficulties.
9.Foreign investors have benefited a lot from China's policy of opening up, because that policy has enabled them to invest in a country having a huge market and reap enormous profits.
10.With China's further expansion of its opening-up, foreign companies are permitted and encouraged by the Chinese government to make investments in such industries as commerce, banking and insurance other than manufacturing.
11.In recent years, as a result of utilizing foreign capital and advanced foreign technology, China's auto industry has developed steadily and its output and product quality have risen, so that it has not only met the growing needs of the domestic market but has also continuously expanded exports.
12.That year, the heads of state of France, Germany and some other European countries visited China in succession and each of them was accompanied by a China visiting group consisting of nearly a hundred people including senior business executives, bringing about various types of Sino-European business cooperation including investments in infrastructure and the establishment of joint venture.
13.In the late 1990s, manufactured exports of that developing country accounted for 60 percent of its total exports, as opposed to only 18 percent in the 1970s, reflecting the rapid development of that country's manufacturing and the evident rise in the international competitiveness of its manufactured goods.
14.After entering the 21st century, the U.S. Economy obviously worsened, which was characterized by a substantial decline in its growth rate, a marked reduction in production and domestic market sales and a sharp drop in stock prices.
15.The spokesman of the Chinese ministry of commerce recently told the press that the new measures adopted by the Chinese government not long ago were aimed at encouraging foreign investors to make investments in China's central and western regions.
15.I.1.International investments which are aimed at earning higher returns abroad
2.Take advantage of higher returns on securities abroad to earn more money
3.Buyers of foreign securities who expect yield maximization
4.Take account of the great variability in the market value of foreign securities
5.A sharp reduction in returns arising from the drastic fall in the market prices of foreign securities
6.Measure the risk associated with investments in foreign stocks and bonds
7.Higher returns on direct investments resulting from higher growth rates
abroad
8.Retain direct control over unique production knowledge
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a11524944.html,rge corporations which do not want to license foreign producers
10.Avoid tariffs and other restrictions imposed on imports
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a11524944.html,rge-scale direct investment made in manufacturing in foreign countries
12.Obtain the necessary financing to enter a new foreign market
13.Exert direct control over the operations of the subsidiaries around the world
14.Facilitate and encourage multinational corporations' direct investments abroad
II.1. International investments consist mainly of international portfolio investment and direct foreign investments, with the former referring to portfolio investments in the form of purchasing stocks and bonds and the latter referring to undertaking production or other business activities.
2. After the second world war, in order to maximize profits, industrialized countries made different types of direct investments in all parts of the world as well as making great efforts to increase merchandise and services exports.
3. There is no doubt that developing countries' abundant natural resources, cheap labour and various incentives will certainly attract developed countries' large corporations to make enormous direct investments in those countries and enable them to reap huge profits.
4. Since the 1970s, developed countries' direct investments in developing countries have increasingly taken the form of establishing joint ventures with local capital so as to obtain preferential treatment and prevent their firms from being nationalized by the host countries.
5. Many multinational corporations of major developed countries undertake production, processing and marketing on a global basis and their branches and subsidiaries spread all over the world.
16.I.1. The competitive advantage of MNCs in international markets
2. Maximize the company's annual sales
3. The establishment of a global network of distribution
4. Shift production facilities to low-wage nations and regions
5. The possibility of obtaining foreign market information
6. Provide its foreign subsidiaries with new-type machinery and equipment
7. Some products are overpriced and some other products are underpriced
8. Engage in developing and manufacturing high-technology products
9. Impose(place) restrictions on the transfer of highly sophisticated technology
10. Exercise strict control over the quality of products
11.Do harm to the reputation and economic strength of the parent firm
12. The loss of the technological lead of this multinational corporation
13. Strictly observe the laws and regulations of the host country for foreign investment
14. Bring about frictions and disputes between domestic and foreign enterprises
II.1. In the postwar era, the rapid development of multinational corporations resulting from the sharp increase in the foreign direct investments of major industrial countries played a significant role in the world's economic development.
2. The steady increase in the number and strength of German, French and Japanese multinational corporations based on the rapid economic development of their own countries has undermined the superiority of American multinational corporations.
3. Many multinational corporations have exploited their huge production and distribution networks to engage in various speculative and unlawful activities and harm the host countries' economic sovereignty and the legitimate interests of the public, in an attempt to seize enormous illegal earnings.
4. In the early 1970s, on the basis of centralized management, International Business Machine Corporation provided its foreign affiliates with some operating autonomy so that they could adapt their marketing to the fast changing local economic and political situation.
5. The American multinational corporation which undertakes production and distribution on a global basis is faced with serous difficulties in its operation arising from fierce foreign competition.
17.
I.1. A joint venture in which two business entities from China and Japan have participated
2. Be against majority ownership and undivided managerial authority by a foreign partner
3. Two basic factors determining the form a joint venture should take
4. An American oil company formed a joint venture in the Middle East with a British oil firm for oil exploration in that region.
5. The advantage arising from pooling the different resources and capabilities of each partner
6. The local partner in a joint venture who is of some significance in the field
7. The foreign partner who contributes production facilities to a joint venture formed by both the Chinese and foreign parities
8. A joint venture formed with a local partner who operates in a related industry
9. Government participation in joint ventures realized through government participation in the ownership of enterprises
10.conflicting views and different ways of looking at problem that exist between the two partners
11. Bring to the joint venture management their longstanding managerial practices
12. Properly handle the interpersonal friction in the joint venture management
13. Explain to the other partner his headquarters' decisions in respect to the
operations of the joint venture
14. Have complete autonomy in every operating decision of a joint venture
II.1. An equity joint venture relates to an economic organization jointly invested and formed by its two partners and having the new and independent status as a legal person, and both partners share profits and losses according to their respective proportions of investment.
2. The Law of the People's Republic of China on Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment promulgated in 1979, which was designed to attract foreign firms to make direct investments in China, was the first important foreign economic legislation enacted after the implementation of the open-up policy
3. A joint venture formed by both its Chinese and foreign partners is an enterprise jointly invested by a Chinese and a foreign business entities, to which both partners can contribute cash,material objects(such as factory buildings, equipment and materials), industrial proprietary rights, knowhow and the right to use the site.
4. A joint venture formed by both its Chinese and foreign partners, which enjoys operating autonomy, is endowed with such powers as laying out its scheme for enterprise development, drawing up its production and management programs, working out its plans for financial budget, profit distribution and labor and wages, and engaging managerial personnel.
5. It is evidenced by practice that the establishment of joint ventures, which are new-type enterprises imbued with great vitality, contributes to the absorption of foreign capital, the introduction of advanced technology, and the promotion of the technological transformation of existing enterprises; the expansion of exports and the augmentation of foreign exchange earnings; and the absorption of foreign management experience and the improvement in the business management of enterprises.
18
I.1. Every foreign investment proposal is examined by the Chinese authorities.
2.Foreign direct investments which are in the best interests of China can be approved.
3. Foreign companies have long coveted China's potential as a huge market.
4. Both market size and resources are the motivation for investing in China by foreign investors.
5. See Chian as the world's last big growth market
6. Establish Special Economic Zones in which incentives to invest are given to foreign companies
7. Of the total investment in a joint venture the Chinese and foreign partners own 51 percent and 49 percent respectively.
8. A feasibility study that includes the type and quantity of product and target market
9. Agreements between the two partners are presented to the Ministry of Commerce or local authorities for approval.
10. Register to obtain a business license within a month of approval
11. The application and approval procedure for a wholly foreign-owned venture is basically the same as that for a joint venture.
12. The transfer of technology is conducive to an increase in the export competitiveness of Chinese enterprises.
13. Achieve the foreign investors' objectives such as an increase in the returns on investment and in market share
14. China is taking effective measures to further attract foreign investments
II.1. In the past years, China's rapid economic growth and its people's rising purchasing power have translated into huge consumer spending and market size, which is the main motivation for vigorously making direct investments in China by foreign companies.
2. In recent years, many areas in China have given foreign investors the incentives which are consistent with the Chinese government's policy of further expanding opening-up and the measures they have taken are aimed at stimulating foreign companies to increase their direct investments in China.
3. In view of China's abundant cheap labour, foreign firms see their direct investments in China as a means of reducing costs, increasing international competitiveness and expanding exports to international markets.
4. In the late 1970s, the Chinese leaders perceived that only by carrying out an open-up policy and attracting and utilizing foreign capital, technology and management methods rather than continuing economic isolationism could a rapid economic development be achieved.
5. Since its establishment in late 1993, the economic development zone in China's Jiangsu province has accepted substantial foreign direct investments which are in the best interests of the nation and by the end of 2002, over 300 foreign-invested firms had been established there, including 52 firms with an investment of over ten million dollars each.
19.
I.1. Foreign companies which are firmly established in Asia and China
2. The most promising market in the Asia-Pacific region and in the world
3. The acknowledged long-term center of business in China
4. Foreign-invested enterprises whose primary objective is to participate in the vast China market
5. The local growth and GDP are ahead of the country as a whole.
6. Being greatly optimistic about business in the Shanghai area
7. Offering very attractive incentives to foreign investors
8. A great improvement in the infrastructure and investment environment in the Shanghai area
9. Projects in such categories as high-technology, environmental protection and export orientation
10. Foreign enterprises' investment projects which enjoy preferential policies and regulations
11. The convenient location and the improved quality of life
12. Further open to foreign investment and international commerce
13. Encourage and attract more trade and investment from the West
14. More and more multinational corporations are placing senior executives in Shanghai
II.1. In recent years, as the infrastructure and investment environment in the Shanghai area have been greatly upgraded, foreign business people have been increasingly interested in engaging in trade and making direct investments in this area.
2. Guided by the open-up policy, the local authorities of Shanghai have attached great importance to absorbing foreign funds, technology and managerial expertise, in an effort to contribute greatly to the city's economic development and prosperity.
3. As foreign companies are optimistic about Shanghai's economic development and prospects, they intend to establish new enterprises and factories or increase investment in the existing enterprises in this city.
4. In implementing the policy of absorbing foreign capital, the government of Shanghai provides high-technology and export-oriented foreign enterprises with various incentives aimed at encouraging and promoting their development.
5. With the constant perfection of Shanghai's investment environment and steady improvement in its quality of life, there is no doubt that the multinational corporations of many developed countries wish to be established in Shanghai.
20
I.1. The overseas investment strategy of Chinese enterprises is related to their survival.
2. Resolutely implement the overseas investment strategy of "going out and developing international markets"
3. An important measure for Chinese enterprises to meet the challenge of economic globalization
4. A shared vision and mission of an enterprise can motivate its members to strive for great success.
5. Identifying an enterprise's purpose for overseas investments is a prerequisite for developing its strategic objective
6. Invest overseas to exploit certain resources to meet domestic needs
7. China heavily imports resources that are in abundant supply in the international market.
8. Should consider setting up overseas production facilities for products that have reached a saturation point in the domestic market
9. Should take into account whether overseas investment is more cost effective than the use of domestic resources
10. Should take into account whether the investment environment is good in selecting the host country
11. Business leaders should identify the strengths and weaknesses of their enterprises through a careful analysis.
12. Ensure the sustainable development of an enterprise and adapt to the fast changing environment
13. To increase their international competitiveness, firms should make efforts to create strong brands.
14. Compete in price and quality with solid foreign companies in international market.
II.1. Since these mineral resources had long been in short supply in the domestic market and had high price fluctuations, at that time priority was given to these mineral resources in identifying the products of overseas investment.
2. When the large Chinese television manufacturing corporation found out that the production costs of some spare parts and components of television sets were considerably lower in that neighbouring developing country than in China, it decided to set up a factory in that country to produce these spare parts and components and meet the needs of domestic production.
3. To prevent the trade barriers of some developed countries from hindering the export of its products to them and expand its exports, the Chinese clothing producer decided to invest in those countries and set up factories and produce clothing there.
4. In developing their overseas investment and operating strategy, Chinese multinational corporations should not focus only on profits and other immediate interest but should take into account their long-term interests and strategic goals.
5. Chinese multinational corporations should make great efforts to create and identify their strong brands and become involved in international competition in order to increase sales and strive for a larger market share.
★绝密·考试前严禁任何人翻阅 全国外经贸从业人员考试 国际商务英语等级考试（初级） 试题册 考试时间：2014年5月31日 09:30-11:30 ※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※ 考生姓名： 准考证号： 考点（考区）： 注意事项 一、考生将姓名、身份证号、考试项目、考点（考区）、准考证号填涂在试题册及答题卡（答 题纸）相应位置。 二、考生在规定考试时间内做完试题册上的试题，并将答案填涂在答题卡（答题纸）相应位 置，写在试题册上的答案一律无效。全部答题时间为120分钟。 三、考生在答题卡上作答时，切忌超出答题区域。如因超出区域作答导致答题卡失效，由考 生个人负责。客观题按题号顺序进行填涂，主观题在每题左上角写清题号按顺序作答。 凡因题号不清导致考试成绩有误，由考生个人负责。 四、考生不得将试题册、答题卡（答题纸）带出考场。考试结束，监考员收卷后考生方可离 开考场。 五、考生注意对自己的答案保密。若被抄袭，一经发现，后果自负。
★请将答案写在答题卡上，答案写在试卷上无效。 一、客观题（本大题有60小题，每小题1分，共60分） [1-20] Listening: 20%（听力，20分） Section A Directions: Listen to the following dialogue and choose the correct word or words to fill each gap from A,B,C or D. This section accounts for 5 points. Each question will be read twice. Mike: It would be nice to see you again, Mary. Are you free on Sunday evening? Mary: I’ m sorry, I’m not. I’ve got to visit my aunt 1 . Mike: Oh, that’s a pity. Monday’s difficult for me. What about Tuesday evening? Mart: Tuesday’s bad for me as well. I’ve got to go to a meeting. Mike: Wednesday then? Mary: No, Wednesday’s out for me, I’m afraid. I’ve got to 2 and do some work. I really must. Mike: Oh, that’s a shame. Well, I can’t 3 Thursday. What about Friday? Mary: I’m 4 sorry. I’ve got to go out for dinner on Friday. Mike: Have you got to? Can’t you get out of it? Mary: I’m afraid not. I’ve simply got to go. Mike: Well, it looks as if we’ll have to wait till next week then. Mary: Yes, I’m sorry, Mike. Look, I must go now. I have to meet Lisa in ten minutes. Ring me next week 5 . Mike: Fine. Try and keep an evening free for me. 1．A. in the hospital B. in hospital C. in hotel D. in hostel 2．A. stay in B. staying C. stay D. sleep 3．A. make that B. make this C. make D. make it 4．A. outright B. awfully C. really D. totally 5．A. some time B. sometimes C. sometime D. some times Section B Directions: Listen to the following passage and choose the correct word or words to fill each gap from A,B,C or D. This section accounts for 5 points. Each question will be read twice. For international investors, the decision to invest in a foreign country, whether to establish or 6 a plant or a sales network, or to purchase stocks or bonds, is a difficult one. Before they make the decision to invest abroad, international investors will have to make sure that the
商务英语翻译课程教学大纲 课程编码：课程性质：专业方向课 课时： 36（20+16）学分：2 开课学期：第5学期先修课程：基础英语 适用专业：商务英语专业 课程简介： 《商务英语翻译》课程是为培养“英语+专业”的应用型涉外人才而设置，从英汉两种语言在表达上的差异入手，旨在通过向学生传授基本的翻译理论和技巧，并结合大量的实践训练，培养学生的翻译能力，从而提高其英语综合运用能力，并使学生能够胜任国际贸易中出现的各类实用文体以及简单的文字翻译工作。 一、课程教学目标 本课程以培养学生的翻译能力为目标，旨在使商务英语专业学生掌握和运用一些基本的翻译理论；能够在一些参考书的辅助下，熟练翻译名片、商标、标识、公司简介、产品说明、广告等商务英语方面的资料；能够掌握常见的组织机构的翻译方式；能够运用所学翻译技巧熟练翻译各类公关文稿；能够正确翻译商务信函和单证材料；能够正确熟练翻译各种常见商务报告，译文达意，格式恰当；能够辨识一些商务文本存在的翻译问题和错误。在大量实例训练中锻炼学生在商务语境下有效进行英汉、汉英互译、正确传达信息、顺畅开展交流的能力。 二、课程重点、难点 该课程教学重点是英语商务文本汉译的基本知识、理论和方法，难点是专业外贸知识及专业术语；跨文化交际理论与实践 三、整体课时分配
四、课程内容安排 （一）Unit1 Business Cards 主要内容：英汉名片的互译、设计和正确运用中英文商务名片、商务英语翻译中遵循正确的翻译原则 教学要求：帮助学生初步了解商务名片的互译特点与原则 其它教学环节：案例教学 （二）Unit 2 Signs 主要内容：商务环境中的常见中英文标识、中英文标识的语言特点及其常见翻译技巧 教学要求：帮助学生了解商务环境中的常见中英文标识，掌握常见翻译技巧 重点、难点：商务环境中的直译法和意译法 其它教学环节：情景教学 （三）Unit 3 Trademarks 主要内容：识别中英文商标、商标的翻译、转译法 教学要求：帮助学生了解中英文商标的翻译 重点、难点：商标翻译中的转译法 其它教学环节：案例教学 （四）Unit 4 Organizations 主要内容：识别组织机构名称、外来词翻译法 教学要求：帮助学生了解商务环境下常见的组织机构名称与外来词翻译 重点、难点：织机构名称 其它教学环节：交互教学 （五）Unit 5 Company Introductions 主要内容：公司简介翻译 教学要求：帮助学生掌握被动语态、名词从句、定语从句、状语从句和长句的拆合、转译。 重点、难点：长句的拆译，各类从句的转译 其它教学环节：案例教学 （六）Unit 6 Product Descriptions & Advertisement 主要内容：产品介绍的翻译和广告 教学要求：帮助学生掌握运用反译法进行英汉互译 重点、难点：反译法 其它教学环节：案例教学 （七）Unit 7 Business Contracts 主要内容：商务合同的翻译 教学要求：帮助学生掌握商务合同常见术语和句式、正确翻译常见合同文本、长句的处理 重点、难点：商务合同常见术语和句式 其它教学环节：案例教学 五、教材与学习资源 1. 教材： 谢金领.《世纪商务英语翻译教程》.大连理工大学出版社，2009. 2. 主要参考资料： 张新红等.《商务英语翻译》.高等教育出版社，2004.
广东外语外贸大学公开学院辅导资料 国际商务英语试卷（一） 课程代码：05844 I. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese （10%） 1.International business 2.GDP 3.Free trade area 4.Multinational corporation 5.Specialization 6.specific duty 7.roll on roll off 8.EDI 9.article number 10.auction Ⅱ. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English （10%） 11.返倾销 12.最惠国条款 13.贴现 14.充分就业 15.保兑信用证 16.零库存 17.代位，取代 18.保护主义 19.免除条款（豁免条款） 20.证券交易所 Ⅲ.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right （10%） 21.contracting party a. amount above what is estimated as necessary 22.gilts b. a business concern owned or controlled in whole or in part by another concern 23.cyclical c. recurring in cycles 24.affiliate d. stocks issued by government 25.legal action e. an action taken against some one in accordance with the law. 26.margin f. a country or firm that signs a legal agreement 27.pooling g. a trace of land including its buildings 28.verified data h. a set of international rules for the interpretation of
商务英语翻译课程教学大纲 课程编码： 03050262406课程性质：专业方向课 课时： 36（20+16）学分：2 开课学期：第5学期先修课程：基础英语 适用专业：商务英语专业 课程简介： 《商务英语翻译》课程是为培养“英语+专业”的应用型涉外人才而设置，从英汉两种语言在表达上的差异入手，旨在通过向学生传授基本的翻译理论和技巧，并结合大量的实践训练，培养学生的翻译能力，从而提高其英语综合运用能力，并使学生能够胜任国际贸易中出现的各类实用文体以及简单的文字翻译工作。 一、课程教学目标 本课程以培养学生的翻译能力为目标，旨在使商务英语专业学生掌握和运用一些基本的翻译理论；能够在一些参考书的辅助下，熟练翻译名片、商标、标识、公司简介、产品说明、广告等商务英语方面的资料；能够掌握常见的组织机构的翻译方式；能够运用所学翻译技巧熟练翻译各类公关文稿；能够正确翻译商务信函和单证材料；能够正确熟练翻译各种常见商务报告，译文达意，格式恰当；能够辨识一些商务文本存在的翻译问题和错误。在大量实例训练中锻炼学生在商务语境下有效进行英汉、汉英互译、正确传达信息、顺畅开展交流的能力。 二、课程重点、难点 该课程教学重点是英语商务文本汉译的基本知识、理论和方法，难点是专业外贸知识及专业术语；跨文化交际理论与实践 三、整体课时分配
四、课程内容安排 （一）Unit1 Business Cards 主要内容：英汉名片的互译、设计和正确运用中英文商务名片、商务英语翻译中遵循正确的翻译原则 教学要求：帮助学生初步了解商务名片的互译特点与原则 其它教学环节：案例教学 （二）Unit 2 Signs 主要内容：商务环境中的常见中英文标识、中英文标识的语言特点及其常见翻译技巧 教学要求：帮助学生了解商务环境中的常见中英文标识，掌握常见翻译技巧 重点、难点：商务环境中的直译法和意译法 其它教学环节：情景教学 （三）Unit 3 Trademarks 主要内容：识别中英文商标、商标的翻译、转译法 教学要求：帮助学生了解中英文商标的翻译 重点、难点：商标翻译中的转译法 其它教学环节：案例教学 （四）Unit 4 Organizations 主要内容：识别组织机构名称、外来词翻译法 教学要求：帮助学生了解商务环境下常见的组织机构名称与外来词翻译 重点、难点：织机构名称 其它教学环节：交互教学 （五）Unit 5 Company Introductions 主要内容：公司简介翻译 教学要求：帮助学生掌握被动语态、名词从句、定语从句、状语从句和长句的拆合、转译。 重点、难点：长句的拆译，各类从句的转译 其它教学环节：案例教学 （六）Unit 6 Product Descriptions & Advertisement 主要内容：产品介绍的翻译和广告 教学要求：帮助学生掌握运用反译法进行英汉互译 重点、难点：反译法 其它教学环节：案例教学 （七）Unit 7 Business Contracts 主要内容：商务合同的翻译 教学要求：帮助学生掌握商务合同常见术语和句式、正确翻译常见合同文本、长句的处理
第10章大写、标点符号与英汉互译 10.1 复习笔记 第1节大写与翻译 一、英文大写的最常用规则 1. 历史上的事件、时期和文件。如：美国的“南北战争”为“Civil War”。 2. 商品的牌子名称。如：飞鸽牌自行车Flying—Pigeon bicycle，可口可乐Coca Cola。 3. 星期名、月份、假日。如：星期一Monday，三月March，国庆日National Day。 4. 人名和地名，即数量最多的专有名词。如：邓小平Deng Xiaoping，莎士比亚Shakespeare，伦敦London。 5. 标题与书名等专名中的实词与两个音节及其以上的虚词。如：《为人民服务》“Serve the People”，《双城记》A Tale of Two Cities，《无事生非》Much Ado About Nothing。 6. 圣经中关于上帝的名词与代词。如：God，Lord，Christ，Jesus，He，Him，Himself 和His。 7. 职称、头衔和亲属关系称呼用在人名前头时。如：王力教授Professor Wang Li，史密斯博士Dr. Smith。 8. 机关、学校、建筑物和商业机构的名称。如：教育部Education Ministry，武汉大学Wuhan University，人民大会堂the Great Hall of the People。 9. 种族、国籍、语言和宗教方面的词语。如：黑人Black People或Negro，意大利
人Italian，中国籍(中国人或中国人的)Chinese，汉语Chinese天主教Catholic，新教徒Protestant。 10. 其他一切有特殊含义的词语，包括一句或一信的开头词、诗行的开头词、直接引语的开头词、强调词语等，和前9条中所说的词语一样，其首字母或全部字母必须大写。如： (1) 他爱国。 He loves his motherland. (2) 亲爱的先生： Dear Sir， (3) (诗句)听!那山谷深深，/充满了她歌唱的清音。 O listen! for the vale profound/Is overflowing with the sound. 第2节汉译英与标点 一、汉语标点符号 汉语书面语中共有l6种标点符号，它们是：l. 句号(。)2. 问号(?)3. 叹号(!)4. 逗号(，)5. 顿号(、)6. 分号(；)7. 冒号(：)8. 引号(“”)9. 括号(( ))10. 破折号(—)11. 省略号( (12) 着重号(. )13. 连接号(-)14. 间隔号(·)15. 书名号(《》)16. 专名号(____) 要正确地使用标点符号，记清它们的位置亦非常重要。《标点符号用法》对每种符号的位置也作了明确规定：“句号、问号、叹号、逗号、顿号、分号和冒号都是占一个字的位置，通常不出现在一行之首。引号、括号、书名号的前一半不出现在一行之末，后一半不出现在一行之首。破折号和省略号都占两个字的位置，中间不能断开。连接号和间隔号一般占一个字的位置。在书写和印刷时，这四种符号上下居中。着重号、专名号和浪线式书名号标在字
英汉互译教程要略 1．Joint military exercises have increased in the region, to the detriment of trust between countries. 联合军事演习在本地区有增无减，不利于国家间建立信任。 2．This old man gets up and goes to bed with the sun everyday. 这位老翁每天黎明即起，日落而息。 3．A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again. 附近的天体一旦落入黑洞，就会销声匿迹。 4．我们应该抢时间赶任务。 We should work against the clock. 5.These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings. 这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄。 6．They killed a bottle of Kaoliang between them. 他们二人对酌，把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净。 7．When it came to reading, they were as good as blind. 一拿起书本，他们可都成了睁眼瞎了。 8．Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 9．人们笑贫不笑娼。 People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes. 10. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。 11．They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 他们拼着命地逃跑。 12．People were born survivors. 人的生存能力是与生俱来的。 13．这个环境工程是个“民心工程”。 The environment-friendly project is a “popularity-winning” project. 14. 语言这东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功夫不可。 The mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 15. 会议开得冷冷清清，有时甚至开不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such absence of living discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 16. They pay lip-service to education but don’t work for better schools. 他们口惠而实不至，口口声声支持教育，却又不肯为改善学校条件做一些实际工作。17．Unemployment has stubbornly refused to contract for more than a decade. 失业人数高居不下，已经十多个年头了。 18．有些厕所似乎仍是这次卫生大扫除活动的死角。 Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 19. 这个摊贩叫卖道：“快来买呀，过了这村可没这个店啦。” The street peddler hawked, “Now or never!” 20. Why carry coals to Newcastle? 何必多此一举？ 21．You’re just teaching your grandmother how to suck eggs. 你这是在班门弄斧。 22．His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.
广西师范学院《英汉互译（一）》课程教案 编号: 15-1 开课单位：外语系授课教研室：翻译写作 课程名称：《英汉互译（一）》授课教师：唐旭光 教材：《新编英汉互译教程》，授课对象：06级英语专业2、3、5班
《英汉互译（一）》第一讲翻译简论与主要翻译方法 （A Brief Discussion of Translation and Major Translation Approaches） 1. Introduction Translation studies started along with translation practice. Translation theories developed flourishingly in the 20th century, especially in the second half of the last century. In fact, translation, which is a very complex phenomenon, is related to different disciplines, such as linguistics, psychology, sociology, cultural anthropology, communication theory, literary criticism, aesthetics, and semiotics. As translation study is a cross-discipline and cross-culture subject involving many aspects of human knowledge, the lack of a fully acceptable theory of translation should not come as a surprise. Meanwhile, quite a number of translation approaches and strategies have become universally acceptable and widely applicable. They are, of course, the fruits of many translation theorists and translation practitioners at home and abroad. 2.The Origin of Translation Language makes it possible for people to communicate with one another freely so as to complete important tasks in human life. Translation makes it possible for people from different languages to communicate with one another so as to complete important tasks in their life. Theodore Savory points out, “Translation is almost as old as original authorship and has a history as honorable and as complex as that of any other branch of literature”(申雨平, 2002:4). In Zhou Dynasty there were different forms of address for translators in different places. “Translators are called Ji in the east, Xiang in the south, Didi in the west, and
国际商务英语函电答案【篇一：世纪商务英语外贸函电(第二版)课后习题答案】 letter 1.at, of, with, in, for letter 2.from, into, with, of, to p40 https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a11524944.html,rming, interesting, dealing, sample, details, quality, prices, applied, items, inquiry unit 3 p55 letter 1.from, for, by, with, on letter 2.with, in, of, in, from p56 2.referring, established, cost, quality, opinion, responsibility, part, satisfied, information, decision unit 4 p71 letter 1. to, of, at, in, by letter 2.with, in, with, for, with p73 2.advertisement, leading, interested, details, dealers, line, market, replying, over, item unit 5 p88 letter 1.for, with, at, by, to letter 2.for, for, by, at, by/under p89 2.inquiring, quotation, receipt, subject, confirmation, discount, catalogue, brochure, separate, appreciate unit 6 p105 letter 1.of, on, in, with, to letter 2.of, in, by, for, at p106 2.offer, regret, price, sold, level, difference, transaction, counter-offer, samples, acceptance unit 7 p122 letter 1.to, of, of, in, for,
第5章翻译常用的八种技巧 5.1 重译法 一、英译汉 1. It may seem strange to put into the same packet an industrial revolution and two political revolutions. But the fact is that they were all social revolutions. 【译文】把一场工业革命同两次政治革命归作一类似乎有点奇怪，但事实上这三次革命都是社会革命。 2. Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterise all the Industrial Revolution. 【译文】在修建英国的运河网的过程中，有两点是非常突出的，而这两点也正是整个工业革命的特点。 3. The canals were arteries of communication: they were not made to carry pleasure boats, but barges. 【译文】运河是交通的动脉，开运河不是为了走游艇，而是为了通行驳船。 4. James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or, as it was then called, ‘navigation’. 【译文】布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫做navigation。
5. Several factors accounted for this extraordinary achievement. One was the expansion into the west. Another was the application of machinery to farming. 【译文】取得这一特殊成就有几方面的原因：第一个原因是向西部的扩展，第二个原因是机器在农业上的应用。 6. …for the establishment of agricultural and industrial colleges. These were to serve both as educational institutions and as centers for research in scientific farming. 【译文】……以便建立农业和工业学院。这些学校一方面是教育机关，另一方面，也是农业科学的研究中心。 7. …This is nothing li ke back home in Colorado. We have rains there, too. Thunderstorms in spring and summer... 【译文】……这跟家乡科罗拉多的情况迥然不同。科罗拉多也下雨。春夏两季雷雨交加……【解析】原文第二句用there代替in Colorado，而译文重复“科罗拉多”。 8. The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do. 【译文】全世界在注视着。全世界在倾听着。全世界在等待着看我们将做些什么。 9. As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people, the American people are a great people.
英汉互译教程总复习 1．Joint military exercises have increased in the region, to the detriment of trust between countries. 联合军事演习在本地区有增无减，不利于国家间建立信任。 2．This old man gets up and goes to bed with the sun everyday. 这位老翁每天黎明即起，日落而息。 3．A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again. 附近的天体一旦落入黑洞，就会销声匿迹。 4．我们应该抢时间赶任务。 We should work against the clock. 5.These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings. 这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄。 6．They killed a bottle of Kaoliang between them. 他们二人对酌，把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净。 7．When it came to reading, they were as good as blind. 一拿起书本，他们可都成了睁眼瞎了。 8．Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 9．人们笑贫不笑娼。 People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes. 10. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。 11．They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 他们拼着命地逃跑。 12．People were born survivors. 人的生存能力是与生俱来的。 13．这个环境工程是个“民心工程”。 The environment-friendly project is a “popularity-winning” project. 14. 语言这东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功夫不可。 The mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 15. 会议开得冷冷清清，有时甚至开不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such absence of living discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 16. They pay lip-service to education but don’t work for better schools. 他们口惠而实不至，口口声声支持教育，却又不肯为改善学校条件做一些实际工作。17．Unemployment has stubbornly refused to contract for more than a decade. 失业人数高居不下，已经十多个年头了。 18．有些厕所似乎仍是这次卫生大扫除活动的死角。 Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 19. 这个摊贩叫卖道：“快来买呀，过了这村可没这个店啦。” The street peddler hawked, “Now or never!” 20. Why carry coals to Newcastle? 何必多此一举？ 21．You’re just teaching your grandmother how to suck eggs. 你这是在班门弄斧。 22．His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.
汉英翻译技巧汇总 Title: 汉英翻译技巧：合并（Combination） Key words: combination, simple sentence, compound sentence, C-E translation Abstract: It discusses the technique of combination of simple and compound sentences. Compiler: 丁树德等 C-E （A） in terms of simple sentences （1）天气寒冷，河水都结冰了。It was so cold that the river froze. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （2）理论必须密切联系实际，这是我们应当牢记的一条原则。That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （3）他在战斗中表现突出，受到连长的表扬。He was commended by the company commander for his distinguished performance in the battle. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （4）年满十八岁的公民，都有选举权和被选举权。All citizens who have reached the age of eighteen have the right to vote and to stand for election. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （5）当时，友谊商店只对外宾开放，不对中宾开放。At the time the friendship store was exclusively open to foreign visitors.（王大伟，"现代汉英翻译技巧"，世界图书出版公司，1999）（本科四年级以上） （B） in terms of compound sentences （6）她对自己所取得的成就充满了自豪，这也不是没有道理的。She is justifiably proud of her achievements. （"现代汉英翻译技巧" 王大伟世界图书出版公司1999） （7）这家小工厂经过技术改造，发展很快，使人感到惊讶不已。This small factory underwent a technological renovation, thus developing with
New international business English Lesson One Face to Face 1.1 first impressions (1st class) Note: situation analysis 1. your role, you are a visitor, you are a stranger for the people greeting you, you meet them for the first time. 2. the place, now you are in an office , a business situation and this office is an unfamiliar office 3. these people greeting you, the visitor, are not all the receptionist, some are people who happen to be in the office when you arrive. A. 1. self- introduction under business situation (you’re not a student any more, you’re an export clerk, secretary, or sales manager and so on). 5 Sts 2. let’s look at these pictures, these pictures show us different expressions of different people. Could you answer 2 questions of PPT just according to their expressions on their faces? 1) Which person seems the most welcoming? The person of picture 3 and picture 10. Because they smile so pleasantly, sincerely, and friendly 2) Which person seems the most unfriendly? The person of picture 5 and 9. Because the person of picture 5 seemingly would not like to see you, moreover looks like so indifferent, impatient. And the one of picture 9 looks so off-hand, and unhelpful. From this, we can know expression is vital of the first impression, without saying any word, you can give a good or bad first impression on people. So nice smile and friendly eye contact are the most important things if you want to give a good first impression on other people. B. Then l et’s listen to the recording, the order of the recording is the same as the order of the picture, from the one to ten. Discuss the questions of PPT. 1. The man in extract 5 says things so quickly and shortly, and the tone of his voice make him seemingly be rude. He is brusque/abrupt. The woman in extract 9 sounds off-hand, indifferent or causal. And language: YES? WHO? Informal language. All makes her particularly impolite 2. the language they use. We had better use the formal language. The tone of voice, we’d better use the tone which makes our voice sound friendly, hospitable. If you are greeted by the woman in extract 9, you’re sure be given a bad first impression by the woman, so as to give a bad impression on the company’s image. Giving a good impression reflects your company’s image(no company wants its customers to think it’s unpleasant) If you start off a relationship in a friendly, pleasant way, it’s likely to go on in the same way, which will be to every one’s advantage. C. I hear they’re calling for thunder storms all weekend