B7U2语法：不定式的被动语态（to be done）用法补充
?不定式有时态和语态的变化，时态共四种，即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。
1 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
He seems to know this. I hope to see you again.= I hope that I’ll see you again.
2 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold.
3 进行时：强调动作已在延续或动作正在进行。
They seem to be getting along well with their new jobs. He seems to be eating something.
4 完成进行时：表示动作是在谓语动词所表示的动作之前就一直在进行。
They are said to have been collecting stamps for over twenty years.
He appears to have been waiting a long time.
?不定式的主动形式表示被动
1. 在there be结构中。例如：
There is a lot of homework to do．(也可用to be done) There is no time to lose (to be lost). 2. 在“n／pron + be + adj + to do”结构中。常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，interesting，important，expensive，cheap，fit，dangerous 等。例如：
He is hard to convince. He is an impossible person to work with．
3. 在“too…to do; enough…to…”结构中。如：
The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out)．The house is big enough to live in.
4. 在“with+n+to do”结构中。例如：
With nothing to do, he lay in bed．With so many exercises to do, I can’t go to the cinema．
5. 当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。例如：
I have a letter to type today．(I是to type的逻辑主语)
Do you have anything to say? (you是to say的逻辑主语)
6. 当不定式隐含在for sb to do结构中时。
This is the best book to read (=for us／you to read)．
The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house．
7. 一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。常见的这类动词有let(出租), rent，hire, blame等。
The house is to let．I felt I was to blame.
?注意！！动词不定式主动语态形式的使用要比被动语态形式的使用普遍，有时（尤其在口语中）虽然意思上是被动的，也往往用主动语态形式来表示。
I have three motors to repair today. The task is difficult to finish on time.
Book7 unit2动词不定式被动语态形 一、复习各种时态的被动语态 ★被动语态的基本结构: be+ done （以the book , publish 为例） 一般现在/过去时： The book is/ was published. 一般/过去将来时: The book will/would be published. The book is/was going to be published. 现在/过去进行时： The book is/was being published. 现在/过去完成时: The book has/had been published. 情态动词： The book can/could/may/might…be published. 1）一般式：（not/never ）to be done 2）完成式：（not/ never）to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前） 三、▲通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换.如: They say that Mike is sick in bed. =It is said that Mike is sick in bed. =Mike is said to be sick in bed. 据说麦克卧床不起. People believe that he was killed. =It is believed that he was killed. =He is believed to have been killed. 大家相信他被杀了. 四、当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者而非发出者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式(to be done). 语法功能： 1．作主语： It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 2．作宾语： She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang. 3．构成复合宾语： He wanted the letter to be typed at once. She didn’t like herself to be praised like that.
英语语法：被动语态的用法 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去 分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。 I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。 Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分 词 A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。 Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。 3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建 一家新医院。 Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。 4. 现在实行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动 词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自 行车。
They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。 5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。 Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在很多国家有很多人造卫星被送上了太空。 6.过去实行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词 The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术。 The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。 7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词 The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. 在老师来之前，教室尚未打扫。 The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema.在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。 8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have done
非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形 一、复习各种时态的被动语态 ★ 被动语态的基本结构：be+ done （以the book , publish 为例） 一般现在/过去时： The book is/ was p ublished 一般/过去将来时： The book will/would be p ublished The book is/was going to be p ublished 现在/过去进行时： The book is/was being p ublished 现在/过去完成时： The book has/had bee n p ublished 情态动词： The book can/could/may/might …be p ublished 二、不定式的被动式的基础知识： 1）一般式：（not/never ）to be done 2）完成式：（not/ never ）to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前） 三、▲通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换.如： They say that Mike is sick in bed. =lt is said that Mike is sick in bed. =Mike is said to be sick in bed. 据说麦克卧床不起. People believe that he was killed. =It is believed that he was killed. =He is believed to have been killed. 大家相信他被杀了. 四、当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者而非发出者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式(to be done). 语法功能： 1.作主语： It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 2.作宾语： She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.
初中英语语法：被动语态 概念：英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。 构成：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成； 助动词be有人称、数及时态的变化； 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成 被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not；而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。 He was asked to go to the meeting immediately. 他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。 This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。 Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin? 这种自行车是在天津制造的吗？ 用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时，常用被动语态。 These desks are made of wood. 这些桌子是由木头做成的。 2.当需要强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。 Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。 3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。 The homework must be handed in next Monday. 作业必须下周一交上。
被动语态的转换步骤：当主动语态变为被动语态时，通常要经过四步： 1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其谓语动词。 2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词时，应把宾格 变为主格 3.把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变。 4.把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语（没必要说出动作的执 行者时可略去“by+宾语”），若主语是人称代词时，应把主格变成宾格。 We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 主动语态变被动语态应注意：1.时态要一致。 I wrote a letter to my pen pal yesterday. (一般过去时) A letter was written to my pen pal yesterday (by me). They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 2.含双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动结构变为被动结构时，可将其中一个宾语变 为主语，另一个不变；如果将主动结构的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，这时一般要加个介词to或for。My parents gave me a watch. I was given a watch by my parents. A watch was given to me by my parents. His father bought him a computer last week. 3.在主动语态中，使役动词如make，let，have或感官动词如hear，watch，see后跟 不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态里必须带to。 My parents often made me babysit my little sister .
【精品】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The house, which _____ last night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any more. A．was broken into; is belonged to B．broke into; is belonged to C．broke into; belonging to D．was broken into; belongs to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查被动语态和主动语态。句意：这所房子昨晚被拆了，它属于我的姑妈，但她已经不在那里住了。第一空，根据last night 及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，break into“破门而入”，答案为was broken into；第二空，belong to“属于”，无进行和被动语态，结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，答案为belongs to。故选D。 2．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案：A 3．At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology. A．has discovered B．has been discovered C．had discovered D．had been discovered 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。 4．The si nger’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago. A．viewed B．has viewed C．was viewed D．has been viewed 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被
被动语态讲解 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成， be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2）has /have been done 现在完成时 例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时 例A new cinema is being built here． 4）was/were done 一般过去时 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5）had been done 过去完成时 例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6）was/were being done 过去进行时 例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7）shall/will be done 一般将来时 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8）should/would be done 过去将来时 例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 例The project will have been completed before July. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一 个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构 中的主语，其余不动。 例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 3. 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。 例I don't like being laughed at in the public. 二、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
英语语法被动语态归纳总结 一、单项选择被动语态 Don't worry. The hard work that you do now _____ later in life.1．was being repaidBAwill be repaid ．．was repaidDChas been repaid ．．A【答案】【解析】later in life意为在以后的生活试题解析：考查时态辨析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语that you do nownow在句中，可以判断为将来时态，此处要注意的是不要被前文的混淆，the hard work的定语成分，与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意：不要担中充当A。心，你现在付出的努力在以后一定会有所回报。故选考点：考查时态辨析。 2 A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the ．bird flu virus.had been confirmedconfirmed BA．．have confirmedDCwas confirmed ．．C【答案】【解析】2014H7N9年，当时，一名女性被确诊感病毒的报告发生在试题分析：句意：一例人感染was reported in 2014Confirm可知，是过去的事情，先行染了禽流感。证实，确认，根据confirmwoman2014BD是动宾关系，即她、与词是，定语从句也用一般过去时，排除；C。是被确诊的，故选考点：考查时态与被动语态 3()The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of 江苏四校第四次考试．the missing________shortly.have been publishedBAwill be published ．．are publishedChad been published D．．A【答案】【解析】shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来考查时态。时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。A答案： The affairs of each country should be by its own people.4．settledAelected B．．containedCdeveloped D．．B【答案】． settle，【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选Bcontain electdevelop “”。选举；。意为包含，控制。故选解决发展； Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?—5．Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.—has been sentwas sent BA．．would be senthad been sent DC．．B【答案】——Peterson——很【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？ZimbabweUncle Peterson被派到去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时Bhesend选项正确。和之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，态。且主语 6The singer's music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four ．weeks ago.has viewedBAviewed ．．has been viewedCwas viewed D．．D【答案】【解析】B. was viewedA. viewed过去式的被试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。，一般过去式；D. has been viewedC. has viewed，现在完成式的被动语态。句意：，现在完成式；动语态；9百自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上，这个视频的访问量达到了将近music videosincehas done 是被从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时万次。形式，又因D。访问的，故要用被动语态。故选考点：考查动词时态与语态辨析。 7Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth ．_________very well.had been told; washedBAhas been told; washes ．．had been told; was washedDCwas told; was washed ．．B【答案】【解析】考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语故用过去完成时。像: washed随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告态，结合前面时态可知，应选。句意B。诉她那种布很好洗。故选
英语被动语态用法详解 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The classroom ________ by students every day. A．cleans B．cleaned C．is cleaned D．is cleaning 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态和被动语态。句意：教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom，单数第三人称形式，与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，再结合every day，可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故选C。 2．The two nurses ________ 100，000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion. A．rewarded B．would be rewarded C．have been rewarded D．had been rewarded 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.”，可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元”是发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系，故用被动语态，选D。 考点：考查时态和语态 3．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案：A 4．The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A．elected B．settled C．developed D．contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，
被动语态 一、构成英语有两种语态: 主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者, 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者, 其构成为be + 过去分词。 1 . 被动语态各种时态形式表 一般时态进行时态完成时态 现在am /is /are+ asked am /is /are +being asked has /have been asked 过去was /were+asked was /were +being asked had been asked 将来shall /will +be asked shall /will +have been asked 过去将来 should /would +be asked should /would +have been asked I’m afraid I am being followed . We had to take a detour . The road was being repaired . The case has recently been tried . All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived . English is taught in most schools in China . They were given a warm send-off . Their wedding will be held in the church . They were told that the result would be announced 2 . 情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的谓语变为被动语态时, 结构为: 一般式: 情态动词( can, could, may, might , must , should, need 等) + be + 过去分词 完成式: 情态动词( can, could, may, might , must , should, need 等) + have + 过去分词 This can be done by hand . This mustn’t be neglected . 二、被动语态使用要点 1 . 不及物动词不能用于被动语态 appear , rise, die, happen, occur, lie, depart , belong to, break out , take place 等都属此类动 词。例如: Great changes have been taken place in my hometown . (误) Great changes have taken place in my hometown . (正) 2 . 表示状态的动词不能用于被动语态 英语中有些动词(短语动词)不是表示动作, 而是表示某种状态或情况, 有“拥有、容纳、适合、缺少、明白”等意, 这类动词不能用于被动语态, 常见的有: lack , fit , mean, hold , resemble, have, cost , equal , contain, suit , comprise, become, last , possess, benefit , lack, befall 降 临, fail, consist of, look like 等。例如:The book costs 10 yuan . Jane resembles her mother . Note: 当have 作“吃, 接收, 经历, 度过”解时, 虽用作行为动词, 但一般不用于被动语态。例如: The children had a most enjoyable holiday . .. 但当have 作“得到, 获得, 欺骗”解, 或同某些介词、副词结合构成及物性短语动词时, 可用于被动语态。例如: She has been had in the dealing( over the bargain) . The ticket can be had for the asking .The young man was had up by the boss . ( = was summoned) 3 . 某些动词的进行时也可表示被动意义,常见的这类词有: bake, owe, brew, cook, print, bind, do 等。例如: The meat is cooking .The book is printing . The guns are firing . Apples are selling cheaply . ( = are being sold) The cow was milking . ( = was being milked) Drums and gongs are beating .( are being beaten) Some clothes are airing on the fence . 4 . 不及物动词构成的短语动词能否用于被动语态 1)及物动词构成的短语动词总是及物性的, 故可以用于被动语态(注意不可省掉或漏掉介 词或副词) , 如win over, give up, ask for , make mention of 等。但是, 不及物动词构成的短 语可以是及物性的, 也可以是不及物性的; 不及物性的短语动词不可用于被动语态, 如 look up/ down, speak for 等Things are looking up .(正) 2)不及物动词构成的及物性短语动词则可以用于被动语态
语法专题复习：动词的被动语态( Passive Voice ) 【Teaching goals】 1.了解五大时态的被动语态结构并掌握其用法。 2.掌握被动语态中特殊的一些表达形式。 3.学会总结所接触语言材料中的规律。 【Teaching Important Points】 了解英语各时态的被动语态及一些特殊表达形式。 【使用说明】 课前认真阅读复习指导用书相关内容并完成自主学习部分的练习。 【自主学习】 Task 1 英语动词分为两种语态：主动语态( active voice)和被动语态( passive voice )。______________表示主语是动作的执行者；___________________表示主语是动作的承受者。 Tell whether the following sentences use active voice or passive voice. 1. English is spoken by many people. ( ) 2. Children often sing the song together. ( ) 3. They will take their daughter to hospital tomorrow. ( ) 4. Our classroom must be cleaned every day. ( ) 5. He was laughed at by all the people. ( ) 6. I borrowed this book from the library last week. ( ) Task 2 被动语态由________________________构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。以write 为例说明被动语态在以下时态中的构成：
语态篇——常见与不常见的被动 [提问]在下面这个句子中，那些部分为被动语态“I had not originally been scheduled to work this day but I was extremely pleased when I was asked to help out at the last minute, for it would be one of the most memorable days of the games. (Experiencing English Integrated Book Page120)” 答：要分析上面这个句子，并划出相应的被动语态部分，首先要清楚地了解什么是被动语态和被动语态的结构。 在学中，语态是针对动词而言的一种形式，描述句子中和参与此动作的之间关系。语态分为主动Active Voice和被动Passive Voice两种。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语态；如果主语为动作的承受者时，称为被动语态。例如：“猫吃老鼠。”这句话是主动语态；而“老鼠被猫吃。”则是被动语态。 一点意见，我觉得这些语法太简单了 被动语态强调动作的对象或动作本身，句中主语是动作的受动者。分析句子时找到主语和谓语动词，如果主语并非主动行为，而是接受动作，是动作指向的对象，那么该句就是被动句。被动语态的基本构成为： be动词+及物动词过去分词。其中be动词随着句子的不同时态发生相应变化，并要注意随主语人称、单复数变化而使用正确形式。 1）一般现在时：am／is／are＋V-ed 2）一般过去时：was／were＋V-ed
被动语态与不定式的被动形式 一、选择正确的动词形式 1. No one should be _________ fun of in the public. A. making B. to make C. made D. being made 2. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you wouldn’t have time to ________before the party. A. get dressed B. get dress C. get dressing D. get to dress 3. —How are things going? —The disabled people ________ care of by the volunteers right now. A. are taking B. will take C. are being taken D. is being taken 4. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ____ in Beijing. A. would complete B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completed 5. In 1998, this was the longest bridge that ________. A. was ever built B. had ever built C. has ever been built D. had ever been built 6. —Did you see Sandy in the manager’s office? —Yes, she ________ by the manager. A. is questioned B. was being questioned C. had been questioned D. was questioned 7. The fans hurried to the airport, only _____ they had missed the famous singer. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 8. An exhibition of paintings ____ at the museum next week． A. are to be held B. is to be held C. are holding D．will hold 9. Tom is said _______ to another school already. A. to send B. to be sent C. to have been sent D. to have sent 10. All the applicants ______ today shall wait in this room. A. to interview B. will be interviewed C. are interviewed D. to be interviewed 二、根据句子中所缺少的成分，并使用括号内的动词适当形式补全句子。 1. The topics ________________ (discuss) next class will be sent to you by email. 2.Where to have the party ________________ （discuss）now． 3. The new bridge ________________（build）in a month． 4. The bridge ________________（build）next month will be called the East Bridge. 5. This book is said _______________________(translate) into English by 1611. 6. This book ________________________(translate) into English by 1611.
the Passive Voice 被动语态
1. 语态的概念 语态（voice）是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态。 主动语态（the Active Voice）：表示主语是谓语动作的执行者。 被动语态（the Passive Voice）：表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
1. 语态的概念 例如： The people make history. History is made by the people. 人民创造历史.历史是人民创造的.（主动语态） （被动语态）
2. 被动语态的构成 通常由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。 助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。 现以动词do为例，将被动语态的时态变化以表格形式加以说明：
时态被动语态构成（be+done） 一般时态一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 一般过去将来时 进行时态现在进行时 过去进行时 将来进行时 过去将来进行时 完成时态现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时 过去将来完成时 am/is/are + done was/were + done will/shall be + done would be + done am/is/are + being done was/were+ being done have/has been + done had been + done will have been + done would have been + done *** ***
3. 被动语态的用法 ①不知道动作的执行者是谁。 例如： The bridge was built in Qing Dynasty. 这座桥建于清朝。
英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．More than one worker ______ dismissed. A．have been B．are C．has been D．has 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。 2．________sco res of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。