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雅思小作文如何写开头

雅思小作文如何写开头
雅思小作文如何写开头

雅思小作文如何写开头

一.起始点

起始点的写法主要应用于线性图和柱形图,它分为了2个层面:一是数据的起点;二是起点的表象意义。下面我们来分别看一下各自的写法:

1. 数据的起点

首先我们来看一下2008年6月28日考题:题目中有3条线,即三个数据起点。我们可以这样来写:

In 1960, the proportion of the 15-46 age group stood at approximately 65%, compared to 30% and 5% of other two age groups.

在描述数据起点的时候,标准的动词词组是stand at, 当然我们还可以使用其他动词来引导,比如begin, start等。

接下来我们再来看一下2007年12月15日考题:题目为柱形图,但是由于横轴是时间轴,因此我们也可以用起始点来作为主体段开头:

In 1950, world oil discovery stood at 20 million barrels a year.

又如2007年6月9日考题,我们在描写第一个线性图的时候同样可以采用类似的写法:

In 1400, the world population stood at approximately 400 million.

2. 起点的表象意义

所谓表象意义就是数据起点的含义。这种写作思路的掌握对于后续主体段的描写具有里程碑的意义,从表达效果上来说也要好于第一种写法。下面我们还是先来看一下2008年6月28日考题起点表象意义的写法:

In 1960, the 15-46 age groups constituted slightly under two thirds of the Japanese population. By comparison, the figures for other two age groups were 30% and 5% respectively.

我们不妨可以将这个句子的写法和前面的数据起点的写法作一个对比,就会很清楚发现表象意义更能揭示数据的含义,同样的这个点我们还有另外一种表象意义的写法:

In 1960, slightly under two thirds of the populations in Japan were people of 15-46 age groups. By comparison, the figures for other two age groups were 30% and 5% respectively.

在用表象意义的时候,要注意先对第一个数据的含义有个很合理的中文意思的安排,然后再用英文描述。接下来我们再来看一下2007年12月15日的考题:

In 1950, 20 million barrels oil was discovered globally.

这个句子中,我们采用了被动语态来作为数据表象意义的写作手段,因此,我们在选择这种手法的时候要紧扣数据的含义,而不要只拘泥于几种所谓模版句。

二.最大值或最大幅度

这种写法的切入点都是使用数据的表象意义,并且它是目前小作文中主要采用的主体段开篇方式,因此建议大家要重点掌握其写作套路和发展思路。

1. 最大值

首先我们来看一下2007年6月2日的考题:这个题目由2个饼图组成,主体段首先以描写第一个饼图开始,而第一个饼图首先先写的是占最大份额的那块扇形,即TV,从图中我们可以看到,美国普通人在TV上花的时间最多,要远远高于其他媒体,因此,它的表象意义可以说成是TV是最受欢迎的媒体,转换成句子即:

It is noticeable that TV obtained the highest popularity among the US general population, with a total of 4hrs 28min being spent on it, which accounted for over half of the first graph.

请注意在这个句子中,“最受欢迎”的表达方式用…obtain the highest popularity…,而非很多人的第一反应…be the most popular…,因为这样写从句型档次上来说更高,而且可以避免medium单数的拼写错误(很多人搞不清楚media的单复数形式)。另外,在句子前面加上It is noticeable that可以突出数据“最大”的明显性,这个主句的结构建议大家也要熟记。

同样的写法可以应用于2008年10月11日的考题,同样为2个饼图,在第一个饼图中“最大值”full-time course占据了38%的份额,用表象意义来写的话可以这样:

It is noticeable that full-time course obtains the highest popularity among the employees, with slightly over one third of them attending it.

曾经有学生会这样写:

Full-time course constitutes over one third of the first chart或者是Slightly over one third of the employees choose full-time course.

若以这样的写法描述其表象意义的话显然效果就不明显了,因为这样写的话无法突出full-time course是份额最大的,因为单纯写38%这个数据,无法让读者获悉这个课程是否是最受欢迎的课程,因为也许会有超过50%以上的份额的课程存在,因此我们在用表象意义写的时候要密切注意意思的合理性。

接着我们再来看看2007年3月31日考题,题目为一个数据表格,第一行有3个数据,分别是27.3%, 32,2%和22.8%,代表的是美国三个州18岁以下人口的比重。其中我们先描写的

是Utah,因为其数据是最大的。它的表象意义可以这样来写:

In Utah, nearly one third of the residents are persons under 18 years old, which is much higher than that in other two states.

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