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宾语从句的三种基本句型

宾语从句的三种基本句型

宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。宾语从句,是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。

1

①大多数及物动词,部分“动词+副词”结构,动词短语(如make sure、keep in mind等)后面可以跟宾语从句。

②形式宾语it可以用来代替宾语从句,主要有两种情况:

1.动词find,feel,consider,make,believe,think等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。

2.部分动词接宾语从句时要在宾语从句前加it:如:hate,take,owe,have,see,lend.hand,offer,pass,pay,post,read,return, show,teach,tell等。

2

①由whether引导的介词宾语从句。

②由that,if引导的介词宾语从句。

③偶尔在except,but,besides三个介词会出现that引导的介词宾语从句。

3

有些形容词具有动词意义,所以后面可以接宾语从句,例如:

sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surpris ed等。

宾语从句种类有3类

宾语从句种类有3类 动词的宾语从句 介词的宾语从句 形容词的宾语从句 1、动词的宾语从句 ·大多数动词都可以带宾语从句 We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger. 我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮. He told us that they would help us through the whole work. 他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的. ·部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句 I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. 我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了. Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip? 你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗? ·动词短语也可以带宾语从句 常见的这些词有: make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记 Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in. 在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误. ·可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句 ①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.

宾语从句,间接引语

宾语从句 宾语从句用法速记口诀:宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句用that;一般疑问句是否(if, whether)替;特殊疑问句更好办,引导词还用疑问词。 二是词态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去词,从句时态向前移。 三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。 (一)宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。根据 引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。 结构: 主语+谓语+宾语(陈述句语序)【注意:1~引导词.that 2~语序v.+主+谓由if、whether引导宾语从句3~时态:A.主句---现在时从句---任一时态】 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 例如: He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这 些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如: Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如: I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether ①在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasn't been decided. ②在介词前:It depends on(依靠)whether it is going to rain. ③与or not连用:They are talking about whether to go there or not. 语法点:由if或whether引导的宾语从句 词汇:if, whether, ask, wonder, know, … 句型:…asks/asked/wonders/wondered/wants to know/wanted to know if/whether… 前后桌同学之间开展采访活动,然后同桌交流采访结果。如: —Who did you interview? —I interviewed Bill. —What did you ask him? —I asked him if he always obeyed the school rules. —… (二)宾语从句的语序

宾语从句详细讲解(整理)

宾语从句讲解 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 宾语从句有“四看”: 一看连接词; 引导宾语从句的连接词有三类: 连接词原句句式 that(无词义,在口语中常可省略)陈述句(原句是陈述句) if,whether(是否,不可省略)一般疑问句(原句是一般疑问句) who,whom,which,what,when,where,why,how 特殊疑问句(原句是特殊疑问句)连接代词(who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever) 在句中有词义,并且充当从句中的主语、宾语、表语、定语。 连接副词(where,when,how,why)在句中有词义,并且充当从句的状 语。 例句:I don’t know if /whether you can help me.我不知道你是否能够帮我。 I don’t know whether or not they will come. =I don’t know whether they will come or not. 我不知道他们来不来。 I wonder what he’s writing to me about.(w hat在从句中作宾语) 我想知道他正在写什么给我们。 We never know what he is.(what在从句中作表语) 我们从不知道他是做什么的。 He can’t decide which sweater he should buy.(which在从句中作定语) 他不确定他该买哪件衣服。 I will tell you why I asked you to come.(why在从句中作原因状语) 我会告诉你我为什么要你来。 Could you tell me where Tom has gone?(where在从句中作地点状语) 你能告诉我汤姆去哪里了吗? I want to know when you can finish the work.(when在从句中作时间状语) 我想知道你什么时候能够完成这项工作。 二看时态:主从句时态要一致。主句为现在时态,从句可用任何时态;主句若为过去时态, 从句要用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。 He said that he would help us.他说他会帮我们的。

英语语法:宾语从句

宾语从句 一、宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。如: Do you know why winter is colder than summer?你知道为什么冬季比夏季冷吗? 二、宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应。 He said he would spend his holiday in Dalian.他说他将在大连度假。 She said that the earth moves around the sun.她说地球围绕太阳转。 三、如宾语从句有自己的宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,而把宾语从句后置。其句型为:“主语+谓语+it+补足语+ 宾语从句”。如: We think it important that we should master at least one foreign language.我们认为掌握至少一门外语是重要的。 四、连词whether可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,不可省。if引导宾语从句。 (1)宾语从句是肯定句时,whether,if可互换;但whether常和or not连用,宾语从句是否定句时,一般用if引导。 如:I don't know if/whether I should tell you.不知我是否应告诉你。 I wonder whether it is true or not.不知这是不是真的。 (2)作介词宾语时,只能用whether,不能用if。如: Everything depends on whether we have enough experience.一切都取决于我们是否有足够的经验。 五、that引导宾语从句时不可省的几种情况: 1.that宾语从句的状语部分位于从句前部时。 I promised that if anyone could set me free, I would make him king over the earth. 我曾许诺如果有人把我放了,我就让他成为全世界的国王。 2.当主句的状语部分位于that宾语从句前时。 Abraham Lincoln later said himself that he only went to school a little now and a little then. 亚伯拉罕·林肯自己后来说他只不过是时断时续地接受教育。 3.主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时。 When he got to England, he found, however, that his English was too limited. 然而当他到英国时,他发现他的英语很有限。 4.当一个谓语动词带两个或两个以上的that引导的宾语从句时。 Then he said that French was the most beautiful tongue in the world,and that we must keep it among us and never forget it. 他说,法语是世界上最美的语言,我们必须坚持说法语,永远也不要忘记它。 5.宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时。 I must never tell anyone that I could not see the cloth. 我决不能告诉任何人我看不到那布。 6.宾语从句的主语是this/that,或用this/that修饰主语时。 He said that that was a good idea. 他说那是个好主意。 7.在直接引语中,主句和宾语从句被隔开时。 “I'm sorry to tell you,” he said, “that you didn't watch carefully enough what I did.” 我很遗憾的告诉大家,你们没有仔细观察我所做的一切。 8.宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时。 The old lady then explained that what she was looking for was a pair of gloves for a girl. 那位老太太解释说她在为一个女孩找一双手套。 宾语从句与其他名词性从句一样,也有三种类型: 1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句表示陈述意义,连词that常可被省略。 例如:I hope (that) they will have fun. Mary said that she felt sleepy. Can’t you see (that) I’m a bird? 注意: 1). 当主句的谓语动词是think, believe等时,宾语从句尽管要表示否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将think等动 词变为否定形式。如:I don’t think h e will come.我认为他不会来。 2). 两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时,有时省去第一个从句的连词that,但第二个从句的连词that一般不可 以省略。如:He told me (that)they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 2. 由从属连词if或whether引导的宾语从句表示“是否(有,能,已经……)”等一般疑问句的含义。 例如:I wonder whether (if) he lives here. 3. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, how, why等引导的宾语从句表示“谁,谁的, 什么,哪(个,些),何时,何地,怎样,为什么”等等特殊疑问句的意义。除了连接词及被修饰的词提前以外,宾语从句用陈述句语序。例如:To masked who could give the message to her mother. Do you know what he said just now? I wondered how old his brother was. 宾语从句的时态呼应: 1).当主句是现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句可以用所需要的任何时态。 2).主句是过去时,宾语从句一般只能用过去时的某种形式;当从句叙述的是客观事实或一般真理时,宾语从句仍然用现在时态。 3).情态动词must一般不用于过去时,但却可以用于主句是过去时的宾语从句中。 做宾语从句练习要记住“一连词,二语序,三时态”。

宾语从句

宾语从句: 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。 宾语从句连接代词主要有: who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever 等。宾语从句的特点: 1.宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。 2.宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。 3.连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义,不充当句子成份,多数情况下可以省略。 4.whether 和if 都可引导宾语从句,但whether后可紧跟or not;whether从句可作介词的宾语。 5.如果从句太长,可以用形式宾语it. 宾语从句的时态:1.主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。 例句:The headmaster hopes everything goes well. 2.主句是过去时态,从句须用过去时态的某种形式。 例句:She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time. 3.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。 例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound. 4. 如果从句的动作发生在主句之前,则从句要用过去完成时态。 宾语从句的语序:A. 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。 False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job. Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.

初中英语宾语从句语法

初中英语宾语从句语法 宾语从句是主从复合句中最常见的从句之一。它作及物动词、介词或者某些形容词的宾语。。小编在这里整理了初中英语宾语从句语法知识,希望能帮助到大家。 一.宾语从句的定义 置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing 形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。 1.语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种: 1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有:who,what,which等。如: Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗? The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西? 2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 The teacher asked us how many people there were in theroom.老师问我们房间里有多少人。 3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m),what,which,how many,howmuch,when,why,how,where,if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。如:

宾语从句讲解

宾语从句讲解

宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。宾语从句当中的 从句在全句中作宾语。 例句: I know him 。 I know who she is 结构:主语 +谓语 +引导词 +简单句(其它) 1.语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须 使用陈述语序 ,可分为以下四种: 1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见 的连接词有: who,what , which 等。如:Could you tell me who knows the answer ,please?The small children don't know what is in their stockings .I don't know which belongs to my father. 2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主 语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose, what ,which ,how many ,how much 等。如:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room . 3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾 语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m),what ,which ,how many ,how much , when,

why ,how,where,if /whether (在句中不充 当任何成分)。如:He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi .Could you tell me what I should do with the money? 4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句 中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what ,which ,how many ,how much ,how 等。如: Do you know which class he is in ? he asked me if I knew whose pen it was . 2.连接词 1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用 that 引导, that 无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如:He said that he could finish his work before supper . 2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用 if 或whether 引导,意为“是否”。如:I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 但在下列情况下只能用whether : ①在具有选择意义,又有 or 或 or not 时,尤其是 直接与 or not 连用时,往往用 whether (if ⋯ or not 也可以使用)。如: Let me know whether

宾语从句主谓宾

宾语从句主谓宾 宾语从句是指在一个句子中作为宾语的从句。宾语从句通常由连接 词引导,具有自己的主语和谓语。本文将重点介绍宾语从句的构成要素、常见引导词以及使用技巧。 一、宾语从句的构成要素 在句子中,宾语从句一般位于动词后面,作为动词的宾语,由连接 词引导。宾语从句的构成要素包括主语、谓语和连接词。 1. 主语:宾语从句的主语通常是指上下文中的人或事物,与主句的 主语不一定一致。 2. 谓语:宾语从句必须有完整的谓语动词,与主句的动词形式和时 态保持一致。 3. 连接词:宾语从句的引导词可以是关系代词、关系副词或疑问词。 二、常见引导词 1. 关系代词:关系代词在宾语从句中作为主语或宾语出现,用于连 接主句和从句,常见的有:that, which, who, whom, whose等。 例句1:She told me that she would come back next month.(她告诉我 她下个月会回来。) 例句2:I don't know which book she is reading.(我不知道她在读哪 一本书。)

2. 关系副词:关系副词用于连接主句和从句,同时充当从句中的状语,常见的有:when, where, why, how等。 例句3:I can't remember when we met for the first time.(我记不得我们第一次见面的时间。) 例句4:Do you know where he lives?(你知道他住在哪里吗?) 3. 疑问词:疑问词引导的宾语从句通常用于提问,常见的有:what, who, whom, whose, which, how等。 例句5:I wonder what he wants to say.(我想知道他想说什么。)例句6:Can you tell me how I can get to the train station?(你能告诉我怎样去火车站吗?) 三、使用技巧 1. 变换引导词:根据语义需要,可以在宾语从句中变换引导词,但需注意保持句子的逻辑连贯性和语法正确性。 例如,原句为:I don't know when she will arrive. 变换后的句子为:I am not sure about the time of her arrival. 2. 省略引导词:当宾语从句中的意思明确且明确的主语已经在主句中出现时,可以省略引导词,但需注意时态和人称的一致性。 例如,原句为:She knows that he is busy. 省略引导词后的句子为:She knows he is busy.

宾语从句的基本用法

名词性从句在复合句中作谓语动词、非谓语动词、介词的宾语时被称为宾语从句。高考中常见的宾语从句包括以下几种情况: 1. that引导的宾语从句(that经常能够被省略),例如: His mother said (that) Saul Grant was a music critic. 他母亲说索尔·格兰特是个音乐评论家。 把握that引导的宾语从句要注意以下特殊情况: (1) 宾语从句(通常是由that引导的宾语从句)常置于句末并用it作形式宾语。例如:We think it important that Mary should tell the truth. 我们认为玛丽说出实情很重要。// I have made it clear that we’ll sign the contract with your company. 我已讲得很清楚:我方将与贵公司签订这个合约。 (2) that 从句作介词宾语只用于except that和in that结构。例如:His report is correct except that some details are omitted. 除了有些细节未提到之外,他的报道是准确的。// Criticism and self’criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes. 批评和自我批评是必要的,因为它能协助我们改正错误。 (3) allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等及物动词后能够接不定式或动名词作宾语,但不能够接that引导的宾语从句。例如: I admire their winning the match. (√) I admire that they won the match. (?菖) 2. 与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句,这包括: (1) 动词(+间接宾语)+与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句。常用于这种句型的动词有see, know, wonder, show, ask, tell, decide, find out, imagine等。例如:Tell me how you went to school. 告诉我你怎么去上学的。// John wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday. 约翰不知道为什么警察局要他去,但昨天他还是去了。

名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句)

名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句) 六大基本句型 1主系表句型-----be(连系动词do) 2、主谓宾-----do(vt) 3、主谓----- do(vi)----(不及物动词) 4、主谓宾补----do(vt) 5、主谓宾宾---do(vt) 记双宾语的动词一定要记。 6、Therebe(不及物动词do)--------be (不及物动词) 宾语从句定义:在主谓宾句型的宾语的位置上把做为名词的宾语扩展成一个be句型或者do句型。可以用下列公式进行表示:主语+谓语+从句。 宾语从句的连词①that ,②whether(or not)或if; ③which(whichever), who(whoever),whom(whomever) ,whose(whosever),what(whatever);④when(whenever),where(wherever),why,how(however);⑤ how many, how much, how long, how often,how soon 宾语从句的形式: 1、主谓宾句型的宾语从句:做为名词的宾语扩展成一个be句型或者do句型。 He knows the news He knowsthatthe teacher is in classroom 2、主谓宾宾---do(vt) 句型的宾语从句,把直接宾语变为一个be 或do句型。 He tells me the news He tells the newstome He tells methat sheisa teacher He tellsthat she is a teacherto me 3、主谓宾补句型的宾语从句需要it来做形式宾语 IfindChineseimportant

宾语从句的基本用法

宾语从句的基本用法 考点90:宾语从句的基本用法 名词性从句在复合句中作谓语动词、非谓语动词、介词的宾语时被称为宾语从句。高考中常见的宾语从句包括以下几种情况: 1. that引导的宾语从句(that经常可以被省略),例如: His mother said (that) Saul Grant was a music critic. 他母亲说索尔·格兰特是个音乐评论家。 把握that引导的宾语从句要注意以下特殊情况: (1) 宾语从句(通常是由that引导的宾语从句)常置于句末并用it作形式宾语。例如: We think it important that Mary should tell the truth. 我们认为玛丽说出实情很重要。// I have made it clear that we’ll sign the contract with your company. 我已讲得很清楚:我方将与贵公司签订这个合约。 (2) that 从句作介词宾语只用于except that和in that结构。例如: His report is correct except that some details are omitted. 除了有些细节未提到之外,他的报道是正确的。// Criticism and self’criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes. 批评和自我批评是必要的,因为它能帮助我们改正错误。 (3) allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等及物动词后可以接不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以接that引导的宾语从句。例如: I admire their winning the match. (√) I admire that they won the match. (?菖) 2. 与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句,这包括: (1) 动词(+间接宾语)+与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句。常用于这种句型的动词有see, know, wonder, show, ask, tell, decide, find out, imagine等。例如: Tell me how you went to school. 告诉我你怎么去上学的。// John wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday. 约翰不知道为什么

宾语从句:是做动词、介词或形容词宾语的从句。

宾语从句:是做动词、介词或形容词宾语的从句。 宾语从句:是做动词、介词或形容词宾语的从句。 句型:主句+连词+宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语,连接宾语从句的连词有that(that在口语中常省略)。 whether,if,和连接代词what, which, who, whom及连接副词when, where, how, why。 He knew(that) he should study hard.他知道他应该努力学习。 Can you tell me which class you are in,您能告诉我,您在哪一班吗, He asked me if he could come in.他问我他是否能进来。 宾语从句应注意的问题 时态的一致(主句的时态与从句的时态一致) a. 宾语从句中如果主句是现在的时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 I know he lives here.我知道他住在这儿。 I know he lived here ten years ago.我知道他十年前住在这儿。 I have heard that he will come.我已经听说他要来了。 b.宾语从句中如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),那么从句的时态一定要用过去的时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。

他问我们是否所有的人都出席了。 c. 但当从句的内容是客观真理或客观事实,而不受时间的限制时,即使主句谓语动词为过去时,从句仍用一般现在时。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 2.语序的变化 a.陈述句变为宾语从句时,语序不变。 陈述句:He is an honest man.他是一个诚实的人。 宾语从句:I said he was an honest man. 我说他是一个诚实的人。 (连词that可省) 陈述句:We'll win.我们会赢。 宾语从句:We believe we'll win.我们相信我们会赢。 b.一般疑问句变为宾语从句时语序要变为陈述句语序,用whether,if连接。一般疑问句:Does he study hard,他学习认真吗, 宾语从句:I wonder if(whether)he studies hard. 我不知道他是否认真学习。

宾语从句的讲解

宾语从句的讲解 一.宾语从句的定义 在句中充当宾语的句子是宾语从句。例如: I hope that I can see you again one day. 我希望有一天我能再见到你。 例句中,动词hope后跟宾语从句,充当hope的宾语,引导词是that。 二.不同引导词引导的宾语从句 (一)由that引导的宾语从句 that引导的宾语从句为陈述句。that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,无实意,所以在口语中常被省略。 例:I told him (that)he was wrong. 我告诉他他错了。试一试: 我希望你明天可以来。__________________________ 我敢肯定你会通过这个考试。________________________________________ 注意:在think, believe, suppose, 等动词引起的宾语从句中,当宾语从句表示否定时,本身不用否定形式,否定需要前置。 例如:我认为你做的不对I don’t think that you are right. 试一试: They believe. They won’t lose the game. (合成一句) I think that we will be late. (改为否定句) __________________________ (二) 由if/whether引导的宾语从句 由whether(if)引导的宾语从句,实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。if/whether在句中的 意思是“是否”。而且从句原来的疑问语序要成陈述语序。 例如: I don’t know if/whether he lives here. 例句中,if/whether 引导从句he lives here。(从句原来的疑问式是Does he live here? 变成陈述式,将助动词does去掉,动词保持原有的单三形式lives)试一试: Are you a student? (变为陈述式)_________________________________ Does your mother get to work by bus? (变为陈述式)_________________________ Has he finished his homework? (变为陈述式)_________________________________ Did they go to the park yesterday?(变为陈述式)______________________________ I wonder. Will they come to my party? (合成一句:我想知道他们是否会来。) I don’t know. Has he learned English? (合成一句:我不知道他是否学过英语。) The teacher asks us. Did we finish our homework?( 合成一句:老师问我们是否完成了作业。) ________________________________________________________ 注意:只能用whether,不能用if的情况 ①在介词的后面 例句:I’m thinking about whether we should go to see the film. 我正在考虑我们是否该去看电影。I'm interested in whether he likes English.我感兴趣的是他是否喜欢英语。 ②与or not连用时 例句:I don’t know whether I have learned this word or not. 我不知道我是否学过这个单词。③在带to的不定式前 例句:We decided whether to walk there. 我们决定了是否步行去那里。 I don't know whether to go.我不知去否。 2.区别“如果if 和是否if ” 如果if,引导条件状语从句,遵循主将从现等规则;是否if引导宾语从句。I don’t know if they ___________ (come) tomorrow. If they _______ (come) tomorrow, I will call you. (三) 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问词充当引导词时,在句中即有连接从句的作用,又在句中有一定的含义。同时也要注意从句要从疑问语序变成陈述语序。例如: Do you know when he will come back? 你知道他明天什么时候回来吗? 例句中,从句when he will come back 为陈述语序,原来的疑问语序是when will he come back? 试一试: How did you get to school? (变陈述语序)____________________________________ Where has he been? (变陈述语序)____________________________________ I don’t know. What are they looking for?(合成一句) _________________________________________________________ He asks me. When does the train usually leave? (合成一句) __________________________________________________________ 三.宾语从句的时态 1. 主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。 例句:The headmaster hopes that everything goes well. The headmaster hopes that we will win the game. I don’t know who came here just now. I don’t know if he has finished his homework. 2. 主句是过去时态,从句须用过去的某种形式。 例句:She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time. I didn’t know if he had finished his homework. The headmaster hoped that we would win the game. 注意:当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般 现在时态。 例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound. 四.宾语从句的语序 前面的用法中已经介绍到了,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序:即“引导词+主语+谓语+……”的句式。 注意一些特殊情况: 1.引导词本身就是主语, 多为what 或who 或whose引导的从句例如: I wonder who is in the room. (who 在从句中本身就充当主语) Can you tell me whose book is on the desk? (whose book 在从句中本身就充当主语)

初中宾语从句总结

复合句需要注意的几个问题: 复合句在中考题里面本身较少,重点是宾语从句的题,而且不会超过两道。

口溜 (1)谓语b e 的用法 我用am ,你用are ,除此之外的单数,包括他她还有它,统统都是用is ,我们你们 和他们,只 要复数都 用are (2)一般疑问句和否定句的变化 一般问句并不难,,谓语调到主语前。,大写小写有变化,, 句末要把问号加。,第一人称常变二。,否定句就更简单,,中间加上一not ,,谓语动词提到前。 (3)现在进行时很好记, 结构be +动词ing 。,be 由主语来决定,,句中常用标志词,,now ,look ,listen ! (4)一般现在时, 肯定句的现在式。不是三单用原形,是三单就加s ,es ,若是否定疑问句,没有be 就加个do ,碰到三单加does 。如把d oes 加在前,动词就要还原形。 宾语从句是用一个句子来充当宾语,需要说明的是间接引语很大程度上就是宾语从 句。 a. 用that 引导 用它引导本身就是一个陈述句,没有词义,句子不缺主干成分, 并且that 可以省略掉在不正式场合中,并且必须要讲究时态的一致。 b. 用疑问词引导,疑问词是有词义的,而且在句子中有成分,需要强调在疑问词引 导后,句子是陈述句的样子.也要讲究时态的一致。 疑问代词:what which whose whom who 疑问副词:where when how why 例:Professor Nelson wanted to know ____.(2005年上海中考题) A. when would the conference begin B. when the conference would begin C. when will the conference begin D. when the conference will begin 解析:只要牢牢记住两个原则 :陈述句和讲究时态的一致 就可以做出来,选择B 例:I would like to know ____.(2002年上海中考题)A. when will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher education C. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English evening“ 解析:同理按照上述分析,也该选择D 另外说明下,whether 和if 用的时候如果后 面接不定式或者or not ,如果前面有介词,那么只用whether.

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