形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
一、形容词和副词的比较等级形式
大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词和副词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
（1）规则变化：音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。
构成法原级比较级最高级
一般单音节词末尾加-er,-est。tall(高的)
great(巨大的) taller
greater
tallest
greatest
以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st 。nice(好的)
large(大的)
able（有能力的)
nicer
larger
abler
nicest
largest
ablest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est 。big(大的)
hot热的)
bigger
hotter
biggest
hottest
“以辅音字母+y” 结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est 。easy(容易的)
busy(忙的)
easier
busier
easiest
busiest
少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er，-est 。clever(聪明的)
narrow(窄的)
cleverer
narrower
cleverest
narrowest
其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most 来构成比较级和最高级。important(重要的)
easily(容易地)
more important
more easily
most important
most easily
（2）不规则变化
原级比较级最高级good(好的) / well(健康的) better best
ill(有病的) / bad (坏的)/ badly (坏地) worse worst much/many(多的) more most little(少的) less least
old (老的) older/elder
比较老的/较年长的
oldest/eldest
最老的/最年长的
far (远的/地) farther/further farther/further
二、形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型。
（1）as + 形容词或副词原级+ as
1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。He cannot run so/as fast as you.
2）当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。
- as +形容词+ a +单数名词This is as good an example as the other is.
- as + many/much +名词I can carry as much paper as you can..
3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。
- This room is twice as big as that one. - Your room is the same size as mine.
4) 倍数+ as + adj. + as ＜=＞倍数+ then + of
- This bridge is three times as long as that one.
- This bridge is three times the length of that one.
- Your room is twice as large as mine.
- Your room is twice the size of mine.
（2）比较级形容词或副词+ than - You are taller than I.
注意：
1）要避免重复使用比较级。
- (错) He is more cleverer than his brother.
- (对) He is more clever than his brother.
- (对) He is clever than his brother.
2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
- (错) China is larger that any country in Asia.
- (对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.
3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。
- The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
- It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。
比较：Which is large, Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.
She is the taller of the two sisters.
（3）可修饰比较级的词
1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
3）以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
典型例题
1）---- Are you feeling ____? ---- Yes，I'm fine now.
A. any well
B. any better
C. quite good
D. quite better
答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.
2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.
A. more
B. much more
C. much
D. more much
答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。
3）If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.
A. the happiest time
B. a more happier time
C. much happiest time
D. a much happier time
答案：D。
重点难点详解
（1）many ,old 和far
1) 如果后接名词时，much more +不可数名词
many more +可数名词复数
2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式:
- older/oldest
- elder/eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。
- My elder brother is an engineer.
- Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.
3) far 有两种比较级，farther，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。
在美语中，father 表示距离，further表示进一步。I have nothing further to say. （2）the + 最高级+ 比较范围
1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用。
形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常”。
It is a most important problem. = It is a very important problem.
注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
- (错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.
- (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
2) 下列词可修饰最高级
by far, far, much, mostly, almost - This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.
注意：
a. very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。
- This is the very best.
- This is much the best.
b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。- Africa is the second largest continent.
3) 句型转换：
- Mike is the most intelligent in his class.
- Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.
4) “否定词语+比较级”，“否定词语+ so… as”结构表示最高级含义。
Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing.
（3）和more有关的词组
1) the more… the more… 越……就越…The harder you work，the greater progress you'll make.
2) more B than A = less A than B 与其说A不如说B
He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work.
3) no more… than… 与…一样…，不比…多The officials could see no more than the Emperor.
no less… than… 与……一样…… He is no less diligent than you.
4) more than 不只是，非常She is more than kind to us all.
形容词和副词比较级和最高级习题
一、选择填空
1. Which does Jimmy like _____ , Chinese or Art?
A. well
B. best
C. better
D. much
2. The Changjiang River is one of _____in the world.
A. the longest river
B. longest rivers
C. the longest rivers
D. longer rivers
3.The box is _________than I wanted.
A. biger
B. the biger
C. bigger
D. the bigger
4. My mooncake is nicer _____ his.
A. like
B. with
C. for
D. than
5. You are fatter than _____ .
A. he
B. his
C. him
D. he is tall
6. He jumps _____ of the three.
A. far
B. further
C. farthest
D. furthest
7. My hair is longer than _____.
A. my sister
B. Kate
C. my brother’s
D. Lucy’s
8. There are _____ paper here .Please bring some.
A. little
B. less
C. fewer
D. a little
9. The pen is _____ than that one.
A. more cheap
B. cheap
C. much cheaper
D. quite cheaper
10.Tom speaks Chinese _____ better than Jimmy.
A. more
B. very
C. a lot of
D. much
11.There are _____ girls in Class Two than in Class Four.
A. more
B. nicest
C. most
D. best
12.It’s too _____ for you to do that.
A. easy
B. more dangerous
C. harder
D. the easiest
13.Who has _____ apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy?
A. much
B. biggest
C. better
D. the most
14.You have more rulers than me. But_____ are nicer than_____ .
A. mine, yours
B. mine, your
C. my, yours
D. my, your
15.Tingting is _____than Meimei, but Meimei is_____than Tingting.
A. all, stronger
B. taller, strongest
C. tallest, strong
D. taller, stronger
16.Mother is _____ in my family.
A. busy
B. busier
C. the busiest
D. more busy
17.There are_____in the park on Sunday.
A. more children
B. a lot of people
C. much men and women
D. many peoples
18.-This blue sweater is too big for me .-Will you please show me a _____ one?
A. small
B. smaller
C. the smallest
D. smallest
19.No one is _____ Mary in the class.
A. so tallest as
B. as taller as
C. so high as
D. so tall as
20. This bike is _____ than that one.
A. twenty yuan dear
B. twenty yuan dearer
C. dear twenty yuan
D. dearer twenty yuan
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Your classroom is _____ (wide) and _____ (bright) than ours.
2.There are _____ (few) hours of sunlight a day in winter than in summer.
3.Which do you like _____ (well) , Maths or Chemistry?
4.This is the _____ (good) film I have ever seen.
5.Africa is the second _____ (large) continent.
6.What he said made his mother much _____ (angry) .
7.I’m not as _____ (careful) as he.
8.We’ve got as _____ (many) books as we need.
9.Practice as _____ (much) as you can.
10.They have done _____ (much) work with _____ (little) money.
11.You’re the _____ (kind) person I’ve ever met.
12.He is _____ (young) than his two sisters.
13.The _____ (old) I get, the _____ (strong) I seem to feel.
14.The weather is getting _____ (warm) and _____ (warm) .
15.Summer is _____ (hot) season of the year.
参考答案：
一、选择填空
1-5CCCDA6-10CDBCD 11-15AADAD16-20 CBBDB
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. wider, brighter
2. fewer
3. better
4. best
5. largest
6. angry
7. careful
8. many
9. much 10. more, less 11. kindest 12. younger 13. older, stronger, 14. warmer, warmer 15. the hottest
小升初英语形容词、副词（一） 复习 一、 WherewhatwhosewhenwhyhowWho 1.______________book is it?It’s mine. 2._____________is the Christmas Day?It’s on the December 25th. 3._____________is the pen?It’s under the desk. 4.____________is the dress? It’s blue. 5._____________is the boy in green?He’s Mike. 6._____________day is it today?It’s Monday. 7.______________color do you like best?Red. 8._______________is your sister?He’s 15 years old. 9._______________is this yellow one?It’s beautiful. 10._______________are you late for class?I am sick. 11._________________is the pen?---Ten yuan. 12.________________boys? ---Three boys.选词填空 whichwhat colorhow oldHow muchHow many 二、对划线部分提问 1.This is a photo. _________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________
一、根据句意填入单词的正确形式。 1．my brother is two years _________ (old) than me. 2. is your sister _________ (young) than you? yes,she is. 3. who is __________ (thin),you or helen? helen is. 4. whose pencil-box is _________ (big),yours or hers? hers is. 5.ben jumps ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 6.does nancy sing __________ (well) than helen? yes, she does. 7.my eyes are __________(big) than hers. 8.which is __________ (heavy),the elephant or the pig? 9.who gets up ________ (early),tim or tom? 10.do the girls get up_______(early) than the boys? no,they______. 11.jim runs _____ (slow). but ben runs _____(slow). 二、选择正确的词填空。 sarah is 12 years ________ (old,older).she is one year ________ (older,oldest) than me.but i am 0.1 meter ________ (taller, tallest) than her.she studies in guangzhou interational shool.she studies ________ (harder,hardest) in her class.everyone likes her. yesterday ,she was ill.she took some medicine and she feels ________ (good,better) now. 三、选择。 1. the yellow shoes are ____ than the blue ones. a.expensive b. expensiver c. more expensive 2. a cow is ____ bigger than a mouse. a.much b.more c.many
英语形容词比较级 (一)一般句式的构成： A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B A 是主格 B 是宾格 如：She is taller than me. 主格+ be + 形容词比较级+ than + 宾格 （二）英语形容词比较级的构成 英语形容词比较等级有三个： 原级，比较级和最高级。 形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。 规则变化： 1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）【例】原级比较级最高级 great greater greatest small smaller smallest clean cleaner cleanest 2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）【例】fine finer finest nice nicer nicest wide wider widest
3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er （比较级），-est（最高级） 【例】big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest red redder reddest 4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。 以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。 【例】clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest able abler ablest easy easier easiest 5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。 【例】careful more careful most careful difficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious 不规则变化： 原级比较级最高级 good/well better best bad worse worst
小升初英语形容词、副词（一） 知识点 一、形容词副词 1.形容词： 形容词(adjective)，简称adj.很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。主要用来修饰名词的词，表示事物的特征。形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态，和特征的程度好坏，与否. 例：Tom is my good friend. He is tall. She is beautiful. 2.副词 副词在句子中修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。用来说明动作或状态的特征，时间，地点，程度，方式等情况。 1)副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类： ?时间副词：时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。 常见的时间副词有：now ，today, tomorrow, early。 He often comes to school late. What are we going to do tomorrow? ?地点副词：地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。 常见的地点副词有：here, there, home, down, up, off, on, in, out等。： I met an old friend of mine on my way home. ?方式副词：方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？”这类问题的。 常见的方式副词有：badly, carefully, suddenly, happily, slowly, well, fast, The old man walked home slowly. Please listen to the teacher carefully. ?程度副词：程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。 常见的程度副词有：much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too。
小升初形容词副词Revised on November 25, 2020
形容词和副词 一．形容词 1.修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“…的”的词都是形容词。 如：She is a beautiful girl. (漂亮的) 2.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 如：I have an interesting book. (interesting有趣的，修饰book，在句中作定语) We are happy today. (happy快乐的，在句中作表语) Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.(clean干净的，tidy整洁的， 在句中都作宾语补足语) 3.多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词+外观类+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才） 如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。 the big round red wooden table. 又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。 二．副词： 1.通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个 句子，在句中作状语。一般“…地”的词都是副词。 如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.(仔细地，认真地) 2.副词的分类 1) 时间副词: now, today等 2）频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 2) 地点副词：here, there, upstairs, downstairs等 3) 方式副词：carefully, fast, well, politely等 4) 程度副词: much, little, quite等
形容词和副词讲义及演练 一．形容词 1.修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“…的”的词都是形容词。 如：She is a beautiful girl. (漂亮的) 2.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 如：I have an interesting book. (interesting有趣的，修饰book，在句中作定语) We are happy today. (happy快乐的，在句中作表语) Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.(clean干净的，tidy整洁的，在 句中都作宾语补足语) 3.多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词+外观类+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才） 如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。 the big round red wooden table. 又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。 二．副词： 1.通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句 子，在句中作状语。一般“…地”的词都是副词。 如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.(仔细地，认真地) 2.副词的分类 1) 时间副词: now, today等 2）频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 2) 地点副词：here, there, upstairs, downstairs等 3) 方式副词：carefully, fast, well, politely等 4) 程度副词: much, little, quite等 5) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why等 三．形容词转化成副词 1.一般在形容词后加ly, 如：quick-quickly 2.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i, 加ly, 如：happy-happily 3.以ue 结尾的形容词，去e加ly, 如：true-truly 注：有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性，如：fast, hard, high, late, far等，它们的词性只有通过具体语境来判断。另外，有些以ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly, lovely lonely, lively等。 四．形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成 1.比较级：两者之间进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如tall-taller, well-better 2.最高级：三者或三者以上进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如long-longest 3.比较级和最高级的变化规则： 规则变化（单音节和少数双音节）： a.在词尾直接加-er/est, 如：short-shorter-shortest b.词尾是e，只加-r/st, 如：nice-nicer-nicest c.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i 再加-er/est, 如：happy-happier-happiest d.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加-er/est, 如：big-bigger-biggest e.其他双音节词和多音节词，其前加more/most, 如：more/most delicious 不规则变化：如下表（简记为：好、坏、多、少、远）
形容词加er的规则： ①一般的直接在词尾加er ，如tall - taller , strong - stronger , ②以e结尾的，直接加r ，如fine - finer , ③以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier ④以结尾，双写最后的字母再加er， 如big--bigger, thin--thinner ,hot–-hotter，sad--sadder，fat—fatter 另外多音节词，在多音节词前加more 如：beautiful--more beautiful，expensive--more expensive 除此之外，还有几个特殊的单词，它的比较级和最高级都是不规则。如：many / much（原形）- more（比较级）- most（最高级） little / few（原形）- less （比较级）- least（最高级） good（原形）- better（比较级）- best（最高级） bad （原形）- worse（比较级）- worst（最高级） far （原形）-- further-- furthest 一、请写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。 big ______ ______ small ______ ________ new ______ ________ tall ______ ______ short______ ________ old______ ________ weak ______ ______ strong ______ ______ fat______ ________ hot ______ ______ cold ______ ________ thin ______ ________ nice ______ _____ good ______ ________ high______ ________ bad ______ ______ much ______ ________ low______ ________ well ______ ______ far ______ ________ little ______ ________ cheap______ ______ easy ______ ________ ugly ______ ________ heavy ______ ______ cute ______ ________ fine______ ________ early ______ _____ tidy______ ________ bright______ ________ large ______ ______ happy ______ _______ pretty______ ________ young _______ _______wet _____ _______ long______ _______ clean_______ _______ dirty_____ ______ lovely______ _________ famous________ __________ boring __________ _____________ interesting ________ __________ important ________ ____________ delicious _________ __________
形容词与副词专项训练（一） 一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级与最高级形式。 long ______ ______ wide ______ ______ fat ______ ______ heavy ______ ______ slow ______ ______ few ______ ______ badly ______ ______ difficult _______ _______ easy ______ ______ unhappy ________ ________ hot ______ ______ well ______ ______ little ______ ______ good ______ ______ thin ______ ______ many ______ _____ much ______ ______ hard ______ ______ 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. Which is ______ (easy) to learn, fishing or swimming? 2. It makes ______ (little) time to go to Beijing by plane than by train. 3. This T-shirt is too small for me. Would you buy me a ______ (large) one? 4. Xi’an is one of __________ (old) capital in China. 5. It will be bad for your health to eat _______ (much) food and take ______ (little) exercise. 6. I think English is ____________ (useful) than before. 7. The Great Wall of China is one of _________ (great) wonders in the world. 8. She is becoming _________ (beautiful) than before. 9. The weather is getting ______ and ______ (cold). 10. The ______ (much) you practice, the ______ (easy) it becomes. 三、单项选择。 1. My sister is getting ____.
比较级& 最高级 比较级: 一、形容词的比较级 1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。 比较级的句子结构通常是： 什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如： I'm taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。） An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。） 比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。 2．形容词加er的规则： ① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , ② 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine - finer , ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier ④以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，双写最后的字母再加er， 如big--bigger, thin--thinner ,hot–-hotter， sad--sadder，fat—fatter 3．不规则形容词比较级： good--better, many/ much ----more beautiful--more beautiful， expensive--more expensive 二、副词的比较级 1．形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动) ⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后。 ⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后。 2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 ☆注意☆ 1、比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。 典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。） 比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。 应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair. 2、如果比较的两者是一样的时候，我们会用as…as…这个词组。 它的用法是： 什么+be+as+形容词原形+as+什么，意思是什么和什么一样……。如： I'm as tall as you.（我和你一样高。） My feet are as big as yours.（我的脚和你的一样大。）
形容词的比较级和最高级的专项练习 一、请写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。 big ______ ______ small ______ ________ new ______ ________ old______ ________ tall ______ ______ short______ ________ weak ______ ______ strong ______ ______ fat______ ________ hot ______ ______ cold ______ ________ thin ______ ________ nice ______ _____ good ______ ________ high______ ________ low______ ________ bad ______ ______ much ______ ________ good______ ______ far ______ ________ dirty_____ ______ cheap______ ______ easy ______ ________ ugly ______ ________ heavy ______ ______thin ______ ________ clean_______ _______ bright______ ________ early ______ _____ tidy______ ________ large ______ ______ happy ______ _______ pretty______ ________ young _______ _______wet _____ _______ long______ _______ famous___ _ _______ interesting important delicious outgoing 二、用形容词的适当形式填空。 1. Fred is the _______(short) in his class . 2. My book is _______ (new) than my sister’s . 3. That piece of chicken is the ___________( heavy)in the fridge . 4. Her rule is (long), and it’s the (long)of ours all . 5. Is a fish ______ (thin) than a bird ? 6. A apple tree isn’t _______( short ) than a pear tree . 7. The leopard(美洲豹) can run _______( fast), but the cheetah（非洲猎豹）can run _____( fast) than it . It can run ________( fast ) in the world . 8. Is she the ________(old ) woman in the world ? 9. Which is _______( big ), a dinosaur（恐龙） or a blue whale（鲸）? The blue whale is _________( big ) than a dinosaur , it is the _______(big) animal in the world . And elephant is the ________(big) animal on land . 10. My father leaves home _______(early ) than me . 11. This zoo is much _______(good ) than the old one . 12. My brother is much _______(tall ) than my cousin . 13. The shoe shop is ________ (near) the park . 14. This bag is very ________( heavy), but that one is _______(heavy) than this one . It’s the ________( heavy) of all .
形容词和副词 一．形容词 1.修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“…的”的词都是形容词。 如：She is a beautiful girl. (漂亮的) 2.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 如：I have an interesting book. (interesting有趣的，修饰book，在句中作定语) We are happy today. (happy快乐的，在句中作表语) Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.(clean干净的，tidy整洁的，在句中都作宾 语补足语) 3.多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词+外观类+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才） 如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。 the big round red wooden table. 又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。 二．副词： 1.通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子，在句中 作状语。一般“…地”的词都是副词。 如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.(仔细地，认真地) 2.副词的分类 1) 时间副词: now, today等 2）频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 2) 地点副词：here, there, upstairs, downstairs等 3) 方式副词：carefully, fast, well, politely等 4) 程度副词: much, little, quite等 5) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why等 三．形容词转化成副词 1.一般在形容词后加ly, 如：quick-quickly 2.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i, 加ly, 如：happy-happily 3.以ue 结尾的形容词，去e加ly, 如：true-truly 注：有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性，如：fast, hard, high, late, far等，它们的词性只有通过具体语境来判断。另外，有些以ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly, lovely lonely, lively等。四．形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成
形容词的比较级和最高级 一．形容词的比较级和最高级的用法 在英语中，在表示两者作比较时，形容词要用特别的形式，称为“比较 级”，三者及三者以上作比较时用“最高级”，原来的形容词称为“原级”。 e.g. You look taller than me .你比我高。 You are heavier than me.你比我重。 I am the strongest in my class. 我是我们班最强壮的。 二.形容词比较级和最高级句型结构 1.比较级句型：主语A+ be 动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B A……比B…… e.g. He is older than me.他比我年长。 【拓展】比较级的其他表达方式 ①"the+形容词比较级+of the two+……"表示"...是两者中较…的"。 e.g. He is the heavier of the two boys. Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. ②"比较级+and+比较级"表示"越来越……"。 e.g. He is getting taller and taller.他越来越高。 ③"the+比较级，the+比较级"表示"越……越……"。 e.g. The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you'll make 你越细心，就会越少犯错误。 he more we get together, the happier we will be. 我们聚得越多，我们就越开心 The harder you work , the better you'll be.你越努力工作，你就会变得越好。辅助练习： 1. Jim is _______ than all the others. (tall) 2. Things are getting _______ and _______. (bad) 3. The higher you climb, the _______ it will be. (cold) 2.最高级句型：主语 + be动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 介词短语 （介词短语：in my class ,in the room ,in the hall …） e.g. He is the tallest in our class. 【拓展】最高级的其他形式 ①"主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语"表示"……是……中
2012年小升初英语语法专项训练：形容词和副词形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习 一、形容词的比较级 1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。 2．形容词加er的规则： ⑴一般在词尾加er ； ⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ； ⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ； ⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。 3．不规则形容词比较级： good-better, beautiful-more beautiful 二、副词的比较级 1．形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动) ⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后 ⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后 2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther) 三、练习
一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级 old__________ young________ tall_______ long________ short________ strong________ big________ small_______ fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________ nice_________ good_________ beautiful__________________ low__________ high_________ slow_______ fast________ late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______ 二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式： 1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me. 2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim. 3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is. 4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is. 5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is. 6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s. 7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____. 9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls. 10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she).. 11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
小学英语常见形容词及比较级、最高级变化一览表 1.在形容词词尾加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级： bright（明亮的）—brighter—brightest young（年轻的）—younger—youngest cheap（便宜的）—cheaper—cheapest clean（干净的）—cleaner—cleanest clever（聪明的）—cleverer—cleverest cold（寒冷的）—colder—coldest cool（凉的）—cooler—coolest dark（黑暗的）—darker—darkest deep（深的）—deeper—deepest warm（温暖的）—warmer—warmest fast（迅速的）—faster—fastest few（少的）—fewer—fewest great（伟大的）—greater—greatest hard（困难的，硬的）—harder—hardest high（高的）—higher—highest kind（善良的）—kinder—kindest light（轻的）—lighter—lightest long（长的）—longer—longest loud（响亮的）—louder—loudest low（低的）—lower—lowest near（近的）—nearer—nearest new（新的）—newer—newest poor（穷的）—poorer—poorest quick（快的）—quicker—quickest quiet（安静的）—quieter—quietest rich（富裕的）—richer—richest short（短的）—shorter—shortest slow（慢的）—slower—slowest small（小的）—smaller—smallest smart（聪明的）—smarter—smartest strong（强壮的）—stronger—strongest weak（弱的）—weaker—weakest sweet（甜的）—sweeter—sweetest tall（高的）-taller-tallest thick（厚的）—thicker—thickest 2.双写最后一个字母，再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级： big（大的）—bigger—biggest fat（胖的）—fatter—fattest hot（热的）—hotter—hottest wet（湿的）—wetter—wettest thin（瘦的）—thinner—thinnest 3.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，加上“r”“st”构成比较级、最高级： close（接近的）—closer—closest fine（好的，完美的）—finer—finest large（巨大的）—larger—largest late（迟的）—later—latest nice（好的）—nicer—nicest safe（安全的）—safer—safest strange（奇怪的）—stranger—strangest wide（宽广的）—wider—widest 4.以字母y结尾的形容词，把y改为i，再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级：busy（忙碌的）—busier—busiest dirty（脏的）—dirtier—dirtiest dry（干燥的）—drier—driest early（早的）—earlier—earliest easy（容易的）—easier—easiest friendly（友好的）—friendlier—friendliest funny（好玩的）—funnier—funniest happy（开心的）—happier—happiest healthy（健康的）—healthier—healthiest heavy（重的）—heavier—heaviest
形容词的比较级和最高级 一、一般句式 A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B A 是主格 B 是宾格 如：She is taller than me. 二、形容词比较级变化： （一）规则变化 1.单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 2.单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级） 3.闭音节单音节词(末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母)再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）
特别提醒：new, few, slow, clean等词含有字母组合，且发的是长元音，不用双写。 4.以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st 5.双音节、多音节形容词(即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词)，在单词前面加上“more”“most”构成比较级、最高级： 特别提醒：以形容词前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况：如：unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest untidy-untidier-untidiest
6.以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加more,most 7.由ing分词和-ed分词演变过来的形容词只能加more或most来表示比较级和最高级： （二）不规则变化：
练习题： 一、请写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级 big _________ _________ small_________ _________ new_________ _________ tall _________ _________ short _________ _________ old _________ _________ strong_________ _________ fat_________ _________ hot _________ _________ cold _________ _________ thin_________ _________ nice_________ _________ good_________ _________ high _________ _________ bad _________ _________ much _________ _________ low_________ _________ dirty_________ _________ cheap_________ _________ easy_________ _________ ugly_________ _________ heavy_________ _________ excited_________ _________ pretty_________ _________ interesting_________ _________ delicious_________ _________ beautiful_________ _________ expensive_________ _________ 二、Write the answers.（根据题意，写出答案。） 1.The black dog is _____ (thin) than the white dog. 2.This balloon is _____ (big) than yours. 3.M y bag is _____ (heavy) than yours. 4.John is _____ (strong) than Mike. 5.I am _____ (short) than Lucy.