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牛津译林版七年级英语上册Unit6-重点词组、难点解析、语法复习

牛津译林版七年级英语上册Unit6-重点词组、难点解析、语法复习
牛津译林版七年级英语上册Unit6-重点词组、难点解析、语法复习

牛津译林版七年级英语上册7A Unit 6 重点词组、难点解析、语法复习

【词组总汇】

1.总是很饿be always hungry

2.需要很多能量need a lot of energy

3.一天许多次many times a day

4.一个健康的人 a healthy person

5.想成为舞蹈演员want to be a dancer

6.跳舞跳两小时dance for two hours

7.变累get tired

8.保持健康(4种) keep fit/ healthy , stay healthy/ fit

9.太多的糖份too much sugar

10.给我能量give me energy

11.吃水果和素菜have fruit and vegetables

12.早饭吃苹果eat an apple for breakfast

13.喝些牛奶drink some milk

14.吃些面包eat some bread

15.晚饭后after dinner

16.一个尖子生 a top student

17.中饭吃汉堡eat hamburgers for lunch

18.跑得快run fast

19.做运动do some exercise

20.计划做某事plan to do sth.

21.计划吃健康餐plan to have health meals

22.游泳池a swimming pool

23.一周两次twice a week

24.注意用水be careful with water

25.有时间做某事have time to do sth

26.多久一次how often

27.多久how long

28.一周三次three times a week

29.把所有空余时间用于坐在那儿spend all the free time sitting there

30.电脑前in front of the computer

31.去上舞蹈课go to the dancing lesson

32.去溜冰go skating

33.去滑旱冰go roller skating

34.两个女教师two women teachers

35.四公斤肉four kilos of meat

36.几袋苹果some bags of apples

37.需要一些鸡肉need some chicken

38.许多袋大米many bags of rice

39.买些蔬菜给她buy some vegetables for her / buy her some vegetables

40.土豆和西红柿potatoes and tomatoes

41.这么多芒果so many mangoes

42.不到三天less than three days

43.多少电视how much TV

44.超过一小时more than one hour

45.步行上学walk to school / go to school on foot

46.根本不喜欢…don’t like … at all

47.看2小时电视watch two hours of TV / watch TV for two hours

48.看更少的电视watch less TV

49.不再吃它们don’t eat them any more

50.这些天these days

51.躺在床上lie in bed

52.感觉好feel good

53.你最喜欢的水果your favourite fruit

54.祝…给你带来好运good luck to you with…

55.来吃饭come for dinner

56.对我有益be good for me

57.喝水重要be important to drink water

58.变胖get fat

59.没有变胖without getting fat

60.健身俱乐部the Get Fit Club

61.健康饮食healthy diet

62.(持续)两小时for two hours

63.在网上和我的朋友聊天chat with my friends on the Internet

64.一点也不健康be not fit at all

65.象蛋糕、糖一样的甜食sweet snacks like cakes and sweets

66.我该改变了。It’s time for me to change now.

67.住在水中live in water

68.在超市at the supermarket

69.搬所有的那些食物carry all that food

70.给某人…的能量give sb. energy for …

71.喝汤have / eat soup

72.帮我开始一天的生活help me start the day

73.吃牛肉面have noodles with beef

【难点解析】

1. never

never是一个频度副词,表示否定意义,意为“从不,决不”,是always的反义词。对never 这一类频度副词提问时,用how often。Never mind意为“不要紧,没关系”,是比较熟悉的朋友之间安慰对方感到歉意的用语。例如:

I never play basketball. 我从没有打过篮球。

---How often do you walk to school? 你多长时间步行去学校一次?

---Never. 从不。

---I’m sorry I’m late. 对不起我来晚了。

---Never mind. 没关系。

2. exercise

exercise意为“锻炼,练习”,既可以用作名词,也可以用作动词。exercise作为“体育锻炼”讲时,是不可数名词;作为“练习,训练”讲时,是可数名词。do morning exercises意为“做早操”,词组中exercise为可数名词;take exercise意为“锻炼”,词组中exercise为不可数名词。例如:

He exercises twice a day. 他每天锻炼两次。(动词)

We do morning exercises every day. 我们每天都做广播操。(可数名词)

They have to do lots of math exercises every week. 每星期他们要做许多数学练习。(可数名词)It’s important for us to take exercise. 对于我们来说进行体育锻炼很重要。

3. time

time意为“时间”的时候,是不可数名词。当time意为“次数”的时候,是可数名词。需要注意的是:英语中表示“一次”用once,表示“两次”用twice,表示“三次或三次以上”用three (four…) + times。例如:

I have no time to watch TV. 我没有时间看电视。

---What time is it? 几点了?

---It’s 11:30. 11点半。

Nick goes to see his grandfather twice a month. 尼克每月去看他爷爷两次。

Mr. Green comes to China three or four times a year. 格林先生每年来中国三四次。

4. need

need既可以用作名词,也可以用作动词,意为“需要”。need用作实义动词时,后面可接名词或动词不定式作宾语,need to do sth.意为“需要做某事”。另外,need还可以用作情态动词,用作情态动词时,没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,常用于否定句及疑问句中。例如:

Our school is in need of teachers. (用作名词)

=Our school needs teachers. 我们学校需要老师。

It’s quite cold outside. You need to wear more clothes. 外面很冷,你需要多穿些衣服。(用作实义动词)

--- Must he finish his homework at once? 他马上就得完成作业吗?

--- No, he needn’t.不,他不必。(用作情态动词)

5.Healthy 健康的

Fruit and vegetables are healthy food. 水果和蔬菜是健康食品。

Take care of yourself. I hope you are happy and healthy.照顾好你自己。我希望你健康快乐。

名词形式:health如:

Eating too much fried food is not good for your health.

吃过多油炸食物对你的健康不利。

6. keep

keep既可以用作连系动词,也可以用作实义动词。keep用作连系动词时,意为“保持某种状态”,后接形容词作表语,构成系表结构。本单元出现了许多连系动词,同学们在学习过程中要注意归纳,如:get(变) tired,feel (感觉) good,stay (保持) healthy等。keep用作实义动词时,后面即可以直接接动词的ing形式用作宾语,也可以接动词的ing形式或形容词作宾语补足语,意为“使人或物保持某种状态”。例如:

My mother keeps busy all day. 我妈妈们整天忙忙碌碌。(形容词作表语)

Jim, you must look after yourself and keep healthy.吉姆,你应当照顾自己,保持身体健康。(形容词作表语)

Don’t keep talking. 不要谈个没完。(动词的ing形式作宾语)

Don’t keep me waiting for long. 不要让我久等。(动词的ing形式作宾语补足语)

We must keep our classroom clean. 我们必须保持教师整洁。(形容词作宾语补足语)

7. between

between是介词,后接名词或代词的宾格。between表示“在两者之间”的意思。表示在两个同类物之间时,between后面的名词用复数形式;表示在两个不同物或两点之间时,用between…and…。例如:

There is a map of China between the two windows. 两个窗户之间有幅中国地图。

Millie sits between Wendy and me. 米莉座在温迪和我之间。(句中的me不能换成I,为什么?)

He is at home between four and five. 他通常四点到五点在家。

8. top

top既可以用作形容词,也可以用作名词。用作形容词时,意为“拔尖的,头等的”,相当于best。用作名词时,意为“顶,顶部”,at the top of…意为“在……的顶部”。例如:

I’m the top student in my class. 在班内我是一名尖子生。

She is the top dancer in China. 她是中国最好的舞蹈演员。

He is at the top of the hill. 他在山顶上。

Please write these words at the top of the page. 请把单词写在这页的上端。

9. plan

plan意为“计划,打算”,既可以用作名词,也可以用作动词。plan的现在分词是planning;plan用作动词时,后接动词不定式作宾语,plan to do sth.意为“打算/计划做某事。例如:What are your plans for the holiday? 你假期打算干什么?(名词)

He plans to go to Shanghai by plane. 他打算乘飞机去上海。

We are planning to start next week. 我们计划下周出发。

10. buy

buy意为“买”,动词。buy可用语buy sth. for sb.或buy sb. sth.这两个结构,表示“给某人买某物”之意。例如:

Sandy wants to buy a new pencil case. 桑迪想买一个新铅笔盒。

Dad, the bike looks nice. Buy one for me.

= Dad, the bike looks nice. Buy me one. 爸爸,这辆自行车看起来真漂亮,给我买一辆吧。Kate’s aunt is going to buy her a new dress.

= Kate’s aunt is going to buy a new dress for her. 凯特的姑姑打算给她买一件新裙子。

11. lie

lie用作动词时,表示“躺,卧,说谎”的意思,它的现在分词形式为:lying。lie用作名词时,表示“说谎”的意思,tell a lie意为“说谎”。例如:

Don’t lie in bed all morning. 别一上午都躺在床上。

Look! Eddie is lying under the tree. 看!埃迪在躺在树下。

The girl likes telling lies. 那个女孩喜欢撒谎。

You are lying. I don’t believe you. 你在说谎,我不相信你。

12. luck

luck表示“运气”的意思,是一个名词,它的形容词是lucky,副词是luckily。常用词组有:Bad luck倒霉、Good luck with sth. 祝某事顺利、Good luck to sb. 祝某人好运。例如:Good luck with your Chinese. 祝你语文取得好成绩。

Good luck to you, Millie. 米莉,祝你好运。

Bad luck! I lost my bike yesterday. 真倒霉,昨天我的自行车丢了。

She’s a lucky girl. 她是个幸运的女孩。

12. without

without介词,意为“没有,无”,是with的反义词。Without后面常接名词或代词作宾语;后面若接动词,应用动词的ing形式。例如:

We can’t buy things without money.

They can not finish their work without our help.

He often goes to school without having breakfast.

You can drink water without getting fat. 你可以放心喝水而不会发胖。

13.Let’s have a hamburger. 让我们吃个汉堡包吧。

“Let’s”是“Let us”的缩写形式,其后接动词原形(即省去to的动词不定式)。以“Let’s”开头的句子为祈使句。例如:

Let’s go fishing.让我们去钓鱼吧。

Let’s play badminton. 让我们打羽毛球吧。

14.I need a lot of energy. 我需要许多能量。

(1)句中的need作动词,意为“需要”。例如:

Do you need my help?你需要帮助吗?

I don’t need any money.我不需要钱。

need还可作情态动词,常用于否定句。例如:

---Must I finish the work today?---No, you needn’t.

——我必须今天完成这项任务吗?——不必。

(2)a lot of = lots of 意为“许多、大量的”,相当于many或much。例如:

He has a lot of friends here. = He has many friends here.他这儿有许多朋友。

Her parents have a lot of money. = Her parents have much money.她父母亲很有钱。

15. Y ou never exercise. 你从来不锻炼。

(1) never是副词,意为“永不,从不,决不,从未,一点也不”。通常置于行为动词之前、be 动词或助动词之后。例如:

We never go to school on Sundays.我们星期天从来不上学。

I am never late for work.我上班从不迟到。

I will never forget your birthday.我决不忘记你的生日。

(2) 句中的exercise 作动词,意为“锻炼”。例如:

My father exercises in the park every morning.我父亲每天早晨在公园锻炼。

exercise还可作名词,意为“锻炼”。例如:

We need enough exercise every day.我们需要每天锻炼。

16.I walk to my bowl many times a day. 我一天跑向我的饭碗好多次。

(1)句中的walk为不及物动词,walk to相当于go to … on foot,意为“步行去……”例如:She walks to school every day.她每天步行上学。

walk也可作及物动词,意为“带……散步,带……遛弯”。例如:

She walks him every day. 她每天带他散步。(P28)

walk还可作名词,意为“散步,溜达”。例如:

I take my dog for a walk every day.我每天溜狗。(P14)

He often goes for a walk after supper.他经常晚饭后去散步。

(2) times意为“次数、倍数”,属可数名词。例如:

We have meals three times a day.我们一天吃三顿饭。

time也可作不可数名词,意为“时间”。例如:

We don’t have much time to chat with each other at school. 我们在学校没有多少时间相互聊天。

17. What is your favourite food? 你最喜爱的食物是什么?

They are my favourite.他们是我的最爱

句中的favourite是形容词,意为“心爱的,最喜爱的”,修饰名词。例如:

What is your favourite colour? 你最喜爱的颜色是什么?

favourite也可作名词,意为“最喜爱的东西,最爱”。例如:

This song is one of my favourites.这首歌是我最喜爱的歌曲之一。

18.I want to be a dancer. 我想要当舞蹈家。(P60)

(1)want to be …意为“想要当/成为……”,want to do sth.意为“想要干某事”。例如:

My sister wants to be a teacher when she grows up. 我妹妹长大后想要当教师。

I want to go shopping this afternoon. 今天下午我想要去购物。

(2)dancer是由动词dance加后缀-er变化而来的。例如:

Wait-waiter; play-player; work-worker, teach-teacher;

drive-driver; write-writer;

swim-swimmer; run-runner;

19.It’s easy for me to get tired when I dance. 我跳舞时很容易疲劳。

(1)该句的句型结构为“It is adj. for sb. to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说…”,it为形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式to do sth.。因此,原句可改写为:To get tired when I dance is easy for me。例如:

It is important for us to read English every day.= To read English every day is important for us. It’s not easy to learn English well.= To learn English well is not easy.

It’s great fun to play computer games.= To play computer games is great fun.

(2)句中的get为连系动词,与tired构成系表结构。例如:

The young man looks so cool.这位小伙子看上去很酷。

I feel happy to be with you.跟你在一起我很开心。

The cake tastes delicious.这蛋糕偿起来很好吃。

I feel hungry. I want to have some bread.我感到饿了,想吃些面包。

I feel tired after swimming.游泳后我感到疲劳。

20.I usually have fruit and vegetables because I want to be healthy. 我通常吃水果和蔬菜,因为我想健康。

because是连词,后接表示原因的状语从句;because of后接表原因的词或短语。例如:

I like my classroom because it is big and clean. 我喜欢我的教室,因为它既大又干净。(P24)

I don’t like the mooncakes because they are too sweet.我不喜欢月饼,因为太甜了。

He ca n’t play football any more because of his poor leg.由于可怜的的那条腿,他不奶奶感再踢足球了。

21.After class, I also like playing computer games and chatting with my friends on the Internet.课后我也喜欢玩电脑游戏和在网上与朋友聊天。

also是副词,意为“也”,与too同义,但also一般置于行为动词之前、be动词或助动词之后;too一般置于句未。例如:

She is also from America.= She is from America, too.

I also like singing.= I like singing, too.

either也可表示“也”,但通常用于否定句, 一般置于句未。例如:

We don’t go to school on Sundays. They don’t go to school on Sundays, either.

22. What about + n / doing 表达一种建议。

What about Sunday?

What about going fishing.

23. It is important for a dancer to be healthy. 对一个舞蹈演员来说,健康是重要的。

“It is important for someone to do something” 意为“做某事对某人很重要”。

It is important for us to learn English 学英语对我们来说很重要。

It is important for us to keep healthy. 保持健康对我们来说很重要。

24. Now, I always eat an apple for breakfast… 现在,早餐时我总是吃一个苹果……

eat… for breakfast / lunch / dinner, 意思是“早/午/晚餐吃……”。

I often have noodles for breakfast. 我早餐常吃面条。

I always eat hamburgers for lunch. 我午饭总是吃汉堡包。

25. I do not eat fast food any more. 我不再吃快餐了。

not… any more = not… any longer, 意思是“不再”。=He is not a child any longer. 他不再是个孩子了。

26. less than three times a week. 一周不到三次

less than,意思是“不到;少于”,与more than相反。

less than two weeks. 不到两周。

more than three hours. 三个多小时。

27. You are not fit at all! 你一点都不健康!

fit = healthy 意思是“健康”,形容词。

keep fit 保持健康。

28. Do you feel better? 你感觉身体好点了吗?

better 是well的比较级。

He is now much better than before. 他的身体比以前好多了。

29. I like vegetables because they are good for me. 我喜欢吃蔬菜,因为它们对我身体有益。

be good for…意思是“对……有益”,be bad for 意思是“对……有害”。

Sweet snacks are bad for health. 甜零食对身体有害。

Eating fruit is good for your health. 吃水果对你的身体有好处。

30. There are no calories in water, so you can drink it without getting fat. 水中没有热量,所以你喝了不会发胖。

without 是“没有,不”的意思。

He often comes to school without having breakfast. 他常不吃早饭就来上学。

Li Lei can do his homework without his father’s help. 李雷没有他父亲的帮助也能完成家庭作业。

Fish can’t live without water. 鱼儿离不开水。

31.It's time for me to change now. 我现在该改变了。

此句型为It's time for +名词/代词+to+动词原形,是一个常用的句型,意为“某人该做某事了;某人做某事的时间到了;是某人做某事的时候了。”例如:

It's time for the students to play games. 学生们该做游戏了。

It’s time for us to go to school. 我们该上学了。

这一句型也可用下列句型:

(1)It's time for+名词。例如:

It’s time for class.该上课了。

It's time for lunch. 是吃中饭的时候了。

(2)It's time to+动词原形。例如:

It's time to go to school.= It's time for school. 该去上学了。

It's time to have supper.= It's time for supper. 是吃晚饭的时候了。

32.I plan to go swimming twice a week. 我计划一周游泳两次。

(1)go swimming意为“去游泳”。go+V-ing结构表示去进行带有娱乐性的体育活动。例如:go running去跑步

go shopping 去买东西

go fishing去钓鱼

go skating去溜冰

33. How much do you know about food? 关于食物你知道多少?

(1)How much常用来对不可数名词的数量提问,也可用于询问价钱,还可询问抽象名词或表示事物总称的名词的数。例如:

How much milk do you need?

How much do you know about their school?

How much is the chicken?

(2)若对可数名词的数量提问,通常用how many。例如:

How many people are there in your family?

34.How often do they exercise? 他们多长时间锻炼一次?

How often常用于对频率的提问,意为“多长时间一次”,其答语通常是once a week, three times a month, sometimes等表示频的副词及短语。例如:

---How often do you go to see your parents?---Twice a month.——你过多久去看你父母亲一次?——一月一次。

---How often does your cousin play computer games? ---Three times a week.——你表弟多长时间玩一次电脑游戏?——一星期三次。

---How often do you go fishing?---Never, but my father does once a week.——你过多久去钓一次鱼?——从不,不过我父亲每周去一次。

35.Daniel spends all his free time sitting in front of the computer. Daniel把所有的业余时间都花在电脑前面。

此句型为spend some time (in) doing sth.,意为“某人花费……时间干某事”,spend后接动词,介词in可省略;spend后接名词时,用句型spend some time on sth.,意为“某人在某事方面花费……时间”。例如:

I usually spend about an hour doing my homework every day. = I usually spend about an hour on my homework every day. 我每天通常花半个小时做家庭作业。

He spends fifteen minutes walking to school.他花15分钟步行上学。

也可用it takes sb. some time to do sth.这一句型,意为“某人花费……时间干某事”。例如:It takes half an hour to cook.要花半个小时做饭。

上面的两个例句可分别改写为:

It usually takes me about an hour to do my homework every day.

It takes him fifteen minutes to walk to school.

36.You are not fit at all.你一点也不健康。

(1)at all意为“一点也(不)”,常与not连用,构成句型not…at all。例如:

I’m not tired at all.

---Are you hungry?---Not at all.

not与at all连在一起,用来表示“答谢”。例如:

---Thank you.--- Not at all. (=You’re welcome.)

(2)句中的fit是形容词,意为“健康的,结实的”,相当于healthy。例如:

If you want to keep fit, you should take more exercise.

16.Congratulations! 祝贺你(们)!(P65)

Congratulations是名词,常用复数形式,其后可接to sb.或on doing sth.,意为“向(某人)祝贺(某事)”。例如:

Congratulations to you on winning the match.

Congratulations on your success(成功).

37.Good luck with your new diet and lifestyle. 愿新的日常饮食几生活方式为你带来好运

(成功)。(P70)

(1)luck是名词,意为“运气、幸运”。例如:

He always has good luck.他总很走运。

I wish you luck. 祝你幸运。

(2)若表示“祝(你)好运;祝(你)顺利;祝(你)平安!”,则表达为:Good luck! Good luck 后接人时用Good luck to sb.,Good luck后接sth.时用Good luck with sth. 例如:Good luck to you!

Good luck with your English!

【语法复习】

一、副词

英语里表示频度“由少到多”“由低到高”的副词依次有:never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always.

1)频度副词按照其发生频率由高到低排列如下:

always usually often sometimes seldom never

频率高频率低(100)(0)2)频度副词在句中的位置如下:

①在第一个助动词或情态动词(及not)之后。

I will always remember this. 我将永远记住这件事。

②在单个be动词之后。

He’s often busy. 他经常很忙。

③在单个实义动词之前。

He never eats hamburgers. 他从不吃汉堡包。

④频度副词用来加强语气时,可放在句首或句尾,often在句尾时常被very或quite 修饰。

Sometimes we go by ship. 有时我们坐船去。

But I walk sometimes. 但有时我步行。

He writes to me quite often. 他常给我写信。

⑤对频率副词提问用“How often”。

二、词的复数

名词复数的变化规则:

一般情况直接加s。(S在清辅音后读[S],在浊辅音和元音后读[Z])

如:books, pens , boys.

(2)以s, z, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es.(es读[Iz])

如:buses , boxes

(3)以“辅音+y”结尾的名词改Y为I,再加es.(es读[z])

如:babies

(4) 以f , fe结尾的名词改f, fe结尾的名词改f , fe为ves.(ves读[vz])

如:knives

(5)以o 结尾的名词一般情况加es,少数加s.(es 读[z];s读[z])

如:tomatoes, potatoes, pianos, kilos.

(6) 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的。

man — men woman — women child — children sheep — sheep

(7)表示国籍的名词,有的在词尾加-s,表示该国的人,如an American—three Americans;有的单、复数形式相同,如a Chinese — four Chinese等。

三. There be 句型的就近原则。

There be句型中的be动词形式由最靠近它的名词决定。

There is a bottle of water and two apples in her bag.

四、不定冠词a/an

(1)概述:a/an 常用于可数名词单数前,起泛指作用。

(2)用法:

A.表示数量“一个”.如:I have a brother and two sisters.

B. 表示“每一个”。如:we go home twice a week.

C. 表示“某一个”。如:a girl often comes to see them.

D. 表示一类人、物。如:This is a chair and that’s a desk.

E.用在习惯用语中。如: a lot of , have a talk, Have a rest, have a good time.

(3)说明:a用在辅音之前,如:a book, a useful book;

An用在元音之前,如:an “s” , an hour.

典型例题

例:Do you swim?

Twice a week.

A. How long

B. How much

C. How often

D. How many

解析:疑问副词how 可以和不同的形容词或副词搭配,构成固定的疑问词组:how long“多长;多久”,通常对一段时间提问;how much“多少”,通常对修饰不可数名词前的定语提问,也可以询问“价格”“时间”等;how many“多少”,是对可数名词前的数词进行提问;how often“多久”,通常是对周期性的时间状语提问。

浏览题干及选项,应答部分显然是个周期性的时间状语。

答案C。

例2.

(1)One morning he found a bag . There was “s” on the corner of bag.

(2)There is egg on the table. egg is for you .

A. a; a(A)

B. a; the(The )

C. an; an(An)

D. an; the (The)

解析:在上下文中如果同一个人或物反复出现几次,第一次提到时用不定冠词;以后重复出现则表示特指,用定冠词。不定冠词an用在元音音素开头的名词或词组之前。

答案:D;D

考题前沿

题1(2004。湖南长沙市卷)

Can I help you, sir?

Yes, i,d like five and some peas.

potato B. tomatoes C. meat D. banana

解析:此题考查名词的复数形式。名词的复数形式一般在词尾加s或es,如:banana→bananas,

tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes.不可数名词没有复数形式。如:meat.

答案:B。

题2(2004江苏南京市卷)

Can I hep you, madam?

i,m looking for pair of shoes for my daughter.

the B. an C. a D. some

解析:此题考查定冠词和不定冠词的用法。定冠词表特指,不定冠词表泛指。an 用于以原音发音的单词前,因此本题选C。

答案:C。

题3(《21世纪报(初中版)》2004年中考模拟试题)

I was listening to wonderful piece of music when there was knock on the door.

A. a; an

B. /; a

C. a; a

D. the ;the

解析:此题考查不定冠词的用法。表示数量“一个”,用不定冠词,且knock以辅音开头,所以其前面加a; music是不可数名词,但其前面有修饰词piece,表示“一只曲子”,所以也用不定冠词,开头的形容词wonderful首个音素为辅音。故用a.

答案:C。

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