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2013年中考英语的复习重点

2013年中考英语的复习重点
2013年中考英语的复习重点

2013年中考英语的复习重点与备考建议

新年伊始,初三毕业班的同学们在结束课本学习后,便要投入到新一轮的紧张复习中了。在前一阶段的学习中,我们已经建立了基本的知识框架,后一段时间,应从掌握中考各题型常考考点及出题规律的方向重点突破。

全国各地的中考题,形式上虽有差异,但都集中包括了听力、单选、完形填空、阅读理解、翻译句子、首字母填空以及写作这几大板块。每个板块都有其自身的特点,优学教育全国各地的名师总结以前经验,建议大家从以下几个板块展开剖析,从这些方面重点掌握。

一、听力部分

听力部分重在考察学生听力辨音以及对内容的理解。整体难度不大,属于容易得分的板块。

备考建议:熟悉常考的听力场景,例如图书馆借书、陌生人问路、口头通知、打电话留便条等。而常考对话的人物多为师生之间、夫妻之间、警察与陌生人等。常见的出题形式有:考察人物关系,辨听数字细节,数字及价格运算,时间加减等。

在做题之前,应利用间隙时间审题,根据题干预测即将听到的内容,做到心中有数;做题的时候,手中握笔,对关键信息点做简要记录,并通过对话的重音、语气等判断人物关系、说话态度以及个人喜恶等。如果有要点漏掉了,应果断舍弃,不要影响后面的答题。

二、单选部分

该板块主要是针对语法、词汇和交际用语的考查。常考考点为:动词的时态语态、固定搭配、词义辨析、不定代词、名词词义辨析、形容词、副词、连词、情态动词表示推测、宾语从句等。

备考建议:对于语法,考生要认真去分析其中的逻辑,而不能一味地硬记硬背;词汇板块,重在平时积累;而交际用语板块,重点考察学生运用语言进行表达的能力。在平时学习的过程中,就要有意识地去归纳。例如,表感谢时,相应的答语有哪些;表达道歉,正确的回答方式有哪些,都要注重整理归纳。

三、完形填空

完形填空,除了考察基础知识的掌握和运用,还要求学生对整篇文章逻辑联系有基本的理解,能在具体的情景中辨析词义以及运用词组短语搭配。这是学生最易失分的板块。

备考建议:在做题过程中要注意:1、重视首尾呼应。判断文章体裁,预测文章主旨和大意。读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向,对理解全文起重要作用。2、重视上下文语境。要留心文中同义词、近义词、反义词的照应以及原词重现等现象,这些线索往往属于正

确选项的。3、进行逻辑分析。如果无法从语法搭配及词汇的角度解释选项,那么逻辑分析就显得尤为重要,同学们在平时的训练中要注意逻辑的严密性。

在做完形填空时,利用词性分析的方法是解题的重要原则。平时尤其要注重词汇的积累,牢固掌握形近单词的意思及同义近义词组的辨析,同时还需注意熟词生义的现象,了解词汇的用法以及在不同语境中的具体含义,避免词义混淆和概念模糊。

四、阅读理解

初中阶段,阅读理解的体材多为记叙文、应用说明文,议论文考察相对较少。题材多样,常考的多数讲述亲情、友情和励志故事等。该板块分值通常较大,是学生容易得分的。

备考建议:了解不同问题设题的方向。应用说明文,内容多涉及表格、菜单、门票、博物馆等信息类,答案通常就在原文当中,一般可以直接找到答案,不排除有题目需要计算价格、时间等,审题就显得格外重要。该题型选项通常设有陷阱,例如张冠李戴、偷梁换柱等。

而记叙文,通常是通过讲故事、描写人物事迹或寓言故事,得出一个结论或者阐明一个道理,体现积极向上的人生观,要把握文章大意。

在做题之前,学生需要了解设题的四种类型:细节判断题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题,并掌握各种题型的解题方法。

平时应该养成这样的做题习惯。1、拿到文章,首先给段落标上序号,这样使得文章层次清晰。2、阅读题干,判断题目型并划出题干中的关键词,再带着问题来浏览文章。3、根据题干关键词回到文中准确定位,注意关键词在原文中的同义改写及替换,在文中将每一题的线索都做上标记,并且标上题目的序号,方便随后检查。

对于阅读理解,学生容易失分的点多集中在主旨大意题(包括标题概括题目)上。要注意文章主旨或标题通常能很好地概括全篇的大意,而不是文章的某一个细节。该标题通常有一定的深意,但也不能过度拔高文章的内涵,要贴合文章的人物和事件。

做阅读理解不能只是单纯地追求选项的对错,要特别注重积累文章中的生难词汇、短语以及重点句型,还应勾画出文中优美实用的句子,写在摘抄本上,以后在写作及口语中为我所用。

五、阅读理解填词

阅读理解填词是根据文章意思,根据首字母提示,填出文中所缺单词,使文章还原其本来面目。此题的难度要高于完形填空,往往也是学生感觉比较棘手的题目。不仅要在不完整的文段间判断文章大意,还要完成填空练习,兼顾单词的词性、词形和拼写等。

备考建议:注重积累一意多词,并且也要用词性分析的方法来判断所填单词,此外,要特别注意词形。例如,一旦判断出该空所填为名词,就应立即考虑名词的单复数。若为动词,就要考虑时态语态,形容词副词要注意比较级等。

六、写作部分

写作是语言的输出,重在考查学生综合运用语言的能力。该板块在考前可以重点突破的。写作部分多以给材料作文的形式为主,用中文给出提示要点,内容多围绕学生的校园及学习生活展开。例如,倾诉学习烦恼、介绍(新来的)教师或同学、度假计划、旅游安排等,形式集中在通知、书信、E-mail,以及记叙文和议论文等方面。

备考建议:了解不同文体的写作格式,从词句、语法细节和文章结构等方面各个击破。

对于写作相对弱的同学而言,词句使用的准确性方面容易出现漏洞。针对词句的运用,我们应重视教材。课本文章通常难度适中,词汇丰富,是很不错的语料库,在巩固复习课本内容时,注意积累词汇。学生可以将自己写作中的各种错句都汇总起来,记在小本上,隔段时间再来看,自己进行改错,再去对照老师的纠正形式,在对比中领会自己写出错句时的思维和想法,以此建立更为牢固的语法概念,提高写作的准确性。

对于中等水平的学生而言,存在的问题是能够表达基本的意思,但词汇的多样性不够,句型较单一,文章中的连词缺乏,过渡不够自然妥帖。这就要求可以尝试运用同义词、近义词及词组。此外应总结归纳中考必备句型,认真识记。比如,在描写规章制度的写作中,we should (not) do…是每个人都会运用的句式,若运用we are (not)allowed to do, we are supposed to do就可以让自己的作文增色。如果再写出一个倒装句never should we do,自己的文章立刻便与千篇一律的作文拉开差距。但一定要注意不能为了运用特殊句式而生搬硬套,与文章整体结构和表达内容不符。

对于写作优秀的学生而言,词汇和句式的运用通常较好,写作提分的方向就在语言的润色上及地道的表达上。学生应适当拓展课外知识,增强语感,比如根据兴趣选择阅读书虫系列丛书,此外21st Century、 China Daily、English Study等报刊杂志便是不错的选择。在写作中还要注意使用适当的关联词,可以使得文章结构清晰,表达更加鲜明。

此外,写作还要避免:1、遗漏要点。2、字数不够。3、时态及人称运用出错。4、书写潦草。

备考综合建议:

1、准备好词好句记录本。平时学习过程中,重视课本,若学有余力,则要拓展相关课外阅读。摘抄记录课本及课外阅读,完形各题型中的生难词汇或优美词句,经常朗读,培养语感。

2、准备错题集。归纳整理平时的错题,并且分析出错的原因,追问自己究竟是知识盲点,还是掌握不牢固,或者思维欠严谨。这样反复训练,学生就能发现自身问题,今后可以更有针对性地避免类似错误。

3、循环复习。知识的积累到位了,复习就是一个必不可少的过程。“温故而知新”,尝试在复习的过程中,记录自己新的所得,这样可以不断进步。

希望大家在新的一年里,充分利用时间,加强知识积累,了解中考考点及出题规律,分析自身不足,实现有效突破,优学教育崔国伟校长祝愿各位在中考中取得理想的成绩,考上理想的学校!

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