阅读理解
2019
三、阅读理解（共13小题; 每小题2分, 满分26分）
阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
The Dead Sea
At 430 meters below sea level, the Dead Sea is Earth's
lowest point on land. It is popular for its wonderful
buoyancy(浮力). The high salt content-more than 34
percent - makes swimming more like floating.
Now the Dead Sea is actually dying. People are using
water from the Jordan River, which takes water away from the Dead Sea. Since 1930, its surf area has reduced by almost 40 percent.
Venice, Italy
With waterways instead of streets. This "Floating
City" has attracted visitors for centuries. But no visit to
Venice is complete without a ride on one of its famous
gondolas, human powered water taxis. Water creates
Venice. But water will also kill the city.
Built on soft earth, Venice has slowly been sinking
(下沉) for centuries. Now, with rising sea levels caused
by human activities, it's sinking faster. According to US-based magazine Architectural Digest, the city may disappear in the next 100 years. Better book your gondola soon!
Great Barrier Reef, Australia
Covering more than 2,300 kilometers of Australia's
northeast coast, Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest reef
ecosystem, and an ideal place for scuba divers (水肺潜水
者).Thousands of colorful coral (珊瑚) and fish make homes in the
blue sea water. It's like a big underwater party!
Sadly, the party might be over soon. The reef is dying. Human
activities are changing the weather. Warming ocean, water kills the
coral, and this causes problems up the food chain. The New York Times reported that large parts are already dead, and the reef system might be gone by 2030.
23. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Disappearing Watery Wonders
B. Amazing Man-made Wonders on the Sea
C. Lost Watery Wonders on the Sea
D. Last Watery Wonders in the World
24. Which of the following is the shared cause of the problems all the three places are facing?
A. Water loss.
B. Sea pollution.
C. Warming seas.
D. Human activities.
25. If Tom wants to visit all the following places before they are gone, and he can only afford one
in the next 15 years, where must he go?
A. The Dead Sea.
B. Venice.
C. Italy.
D. Great Barrier Reef.
B
There is good news for students of vocational (职业的) colleges in China: the government has announced plans to develop modern vocational education. Premier Li Kegiang said the government should speed up the development of modern vocational education to meet the need for skilled workers and technicians (技术人员) in the job market. High school graduates and workers with no special training are encouraged to study in higher vocational colleges. Li said that the number of the new students in higher vocational colleges in China should go up by I million this year. This is the first time the central government has a clear plan.
This comes after the news of the large shortfall (不足) in highly skilled technicians, although China has millions of technical workers. China is expected to face a shortfall of 3million skilled workers who can operate the newest machines by 2020. The shortfall will grow to 4.5 million by 2025. Also, vocational education is unsatisfactory (不令人满意的), although there are many vocational colleges in China. In some vocational colleges, the education methods and courses cannot meet the need of upgrading (升级), manufacturing (制造业). As can be seen from the job market, some companies still can't find highly skilled technicians even with high pay.
To deal with the problem. some vocational colleges have worked with companies to teach students. They have hired skilled technicians from companies as teachers. With the rising of the skilled workers' social position and pay, it is believed the vocational education system in China will start to play a bigger role in the development of China.
26. What's the main purpose of the development of modern vocational education in China?
A. To train more highly skilled technicians for the job markets
B. To help vocational college graduates get higher pay from their work.
C. To ask more people to live on themselves with technical skills.
D. To encourage more companies to upgrade manufacturing.
27. What is one of the problems of Chinese vocational education according to the passage?
A. Higher vocational college teachers are not well paid and valued..
B. There are only a small number of higher vocational colleges in China.
C. The education methods and courses in vocational colleges are unsatisfactory.
D. Some of the vocational college teachers are skilled technicians from companies.
28. The writer believes China's future vocational education is _____________.
A. hopeful
B. doubtful
C. unsatisfactory
D. worrying
C
Nowadays, it never seems we have enough time to realize all of the reading goals (目标) that we set for ourselves. Luckily, we have mobile apps such as Latte Read and GetAbstract to provide abstracts (梗概) of a text. Abstracts are useful tools, especially for students, but like having a friend describe the main content of a story to you, you cannot experience the joy and excitement of reading the original (原来的) text of yourself.
I recently finished reading a thick book of W. Somerset Maugham's collected short stories. It took me around ten years to get through. Thomas Mann's difficult The Magic Mountain took me about six months to read; Ayn Rand's Atlas Shrugged made me very bored most of the time. Reading a book, whether it is good or bad, is a formative (建设性的) experience. There are plenty
of books which I probably shouldn't have taken the time to read. But the challenge of living for a time in the thoughts and experiences of a different history or character makes even the worst book a valuable effort.
Whenever I finish the last line of a book and slowly close it, I like to sit there and think over its lines with a mix of nostalgia (怀旧之情) and pride. I then take the book in hand and find a place for it on my bookshelf. When I step back and look at the books on my shelf, it is as if I am looking at the history of the different lives that I have lived.
Abstracts are useful as a tool to an end, but reading the actual (真正的) book is something much richer. Reading, like anything else in life, is much more about the journey than it ever was the destination (目的地).
29. What does the writer mainly want to say?
A. Reading abstracts is a best short way to enjoy literature.
B. Reading abstracts cannot bring you the true feeling of actual reading.
C. Reading different kinds of books brings you many advantages.
D. The journey and the destination are equally important in our reading.
30. What can we know about the writer from the second paragraph?
A. He prefers thick and difficult books to short stories.
B. A good book is better worth reading than a bad one to him.
C. He achieves a lot from reading some challenging books.
D. He is lucky enough never to have read a regrettable book.
31. In the third paragraph the writer ___________ his main point of view (主要观点).
A. explains the meaning of
B. provides further support for
C. makes a conclusion of
D. offers an opposite example for
, D
When Major, the most respected pig, saw all the animals were present, he cleared his throat and began:
"Now, comrades (同志们) , I don't think I shall be with you for many months. Before I die, let me ask you a question. What is the nature of this life of ours? Let us face it: our lives are miserable and short. We are born, we are given just so much food as will keep the breath in our bodies, and those of us who are able to do it are forced to work to the last
"Why then do we continue in this miserable? Because nearly the whole of the produce of our hard work is stolen from beings. There, comrades, is the answer to all our problems. It is summed up in a single word- Man. Man is the only real enemy we have. Remove (消灭) Man from the scene, and the basic cause of hunger and overwork is ended for ever. "
"And now, comrades, I will sing an old song that came into my dream last night to you. I am sure, it was a song sung by the animals of long ago and have been lost to memory for marry years. It is called Animals of England."
His voice was hoarse (沙哑的), but he sang well enough to throw the animals into the wildest excitement. Almost before Major had reached the end, they had begun singing it for themselves.
Unluckily, the singing woke Mr. Jones, the farm owner, who jumped out of bed, thinking that there was a fox in the yard. He took the gun which always stood in a comer of his bedroom, and let fly 6 shots (射击) into the darkness. The pellets (子弹) flew into the wall of the yard and the meeting broke up hurriedly. Everyone ran to his own sleeping place. The birds jumped onto their trees, the animals settled down in the straw, and the whole farm was asleep in a moment.
32. Why did Major make the speech?
A. To encourage the animals to fight against Man.
B. To teach the animals to sing an old song.
C. To say goodbye to the animals before death.
D. To complain about his personal miserable life.
33. What does the underlined word "miserable" in the second paragraph most probably mean?
A. common
B. boring
C. lonely
D. painful
34. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. The animals on the farm were brave.
B. Major's speech was nearly successful.
C. Major and Mr. Jones were friendly to each other.
D. Mr. Jones forced his animals to work from birth to death.
35. Why did Mr. Jones fire his gun?
A. To break up the animals' meeting. `
B. To kill the fox he saw in the yard.
C. To make sure his gun was in good condition.
D. To protect the animals he raised on his farm.
三、阅读理解
23-25 ADD 26-28 ACA 29-31 DCB 32-35 ADBD
2018
三、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题6分，满分26分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的
A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．
12．Summer is finally here for most of us．Sadly，summer is not so pleasant to people in a bit less lucky places，where air conditioning（空调）is not easy to get for most of them．But as a saying goes，where there is a will，there is a way，especially for those who like doing it
yourself（DIY）．A young man from Bangladesh（孟加拉国）designed an air conditioning system called the Eco Cooler，one that does not require power，and is made of the world's most common waste-plastic bottles．
The Eco Cooler is super simple to build-no special engineering skills are required．First，to fix it，
a window should be taken away and replaced（替代）by it．Second，a board should be cut into the size of a window．Some bottle-neck sized holes should then be cut onto the board．Then，the funnel-shaped（漏斗状）bottlenecks，cut from the plastic bottles，should be put into the holes．The next step is to fix the design onto the window frame（框）with the wider side facing outwards．And this is it．
The Eco Cooler then works by catching the winds and sending them inside the building．It can reduce the temperature of a room by as much as 5°C-a big difference when looking at comfortable 25°C compared to uncomfortable 30°C．
The idea of the inventor，Ashis Paul，was to show his great product to as many People as possible．For this purpose，he received help from some groups of volunteers．Together，they offered to help local people build and fix the units，as well as teach them how to make them themselves．
Yes，the Eco Cooler is not a super high-tech air conditioning system，but it is one that can make a
big difference．
（）When building the Eco Cooler，we should pay special attention to ．
A．the shape of the window
B．the direction of bottlenecks
C．the temperature of the outside
D．the weight of the board
（）What can we learn from the passage？
A．Ashis Paul is a clever inventor and a successful businessman．
B．An Eco Cooler can fix the room temperature to comfortable 25°C．
C．The new invention of Eco Cooler is friendly to the environment．
D．Local people will replace their air conditioner with an Eco Cooler．
（）What's the best title of this passage？
A．DIY air conditioning made from plastic bottles
B．Eco Cooler--a super high-tech air conditioner
C．Why do we need an Eco Cooler in summer？
D．A strong-willed inventor and his DIY dream
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道类阅读，主要介绍一个来自孟加拉的年轻人设计了一个叫做"生态冷却器"的空调系统，它不需要电源，是世界上最常见的废塑料瓶制造的．它可以将房间的温度降低5°C，希望能够向更多的人展示他的伟大产品．【解答】1．B．细节理解题．根据倒数第四段Then，the funnel-shaped（漏斗状）bottlenecks，cut from the plastic bottles，should be put into the holes．The next step is to fix the design onto the window frame with the wider side facing
outwards然后，从塑料瓶上切下漏斗形的瓶颈，应该放入孔中．下一步是把设计固定在窗框上，宽面朝外．可知，安装生态冷却器时，我们应该注意瓶颈的方向．选B．
2．C．推理判断题．根据第二段A young man from Bangladesh（孟加拉国）designed an air conditioning system called the Eco Cooler，one that does not require power，and is made of the world's most common waste-plastic bottles一位来自孟加拉的年轻人设计的空调系统称为生态冷却器，一个不需要电源，是由世界上最常见的废塑料瓶制成的．可知，生态冷却器的新发明对环境有帮助．选C．
3．D．标题猜测题．根据第二段But as a saying goes，where there is a will，there is a way，especially for those who like doing it yourself（DIY）． A young man from Bangladesh（孟加拉国）designed an air conditioning system called the Eco Cooler，one that does not require power，and is made of the world's most common waste-plastic bottles．但有句话说，有志者事竟成，尤其是那些喜欢自己动手的人（DIY）．一位来自孟加拉的年轻人设计了一种称为"生态冷却器"的空调系统，它不需要电力，是世界上最常见的废塑料瓶制成的．倒数第二段The idea of the inventor，Ashis Paul，was to show his great product to as many People as possible．For this purpose，he received help from some groups of volunteers．Together，they offered to help local people build and fix the units，as well as teach them how to make them themselves发明家Ashis Paul的想法是向尽可能多的人展示他的伟大产品．为此，他得到了一些志愿者的帮助．他们一起帮助当地人建造和固定这些装置，并教他们如何自己制造它们．可知，标题可以是"一个意志坚定的发明家和他的DIY梦"．选D．
【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题．
13．How to investigate
①Planning
?Decide on a scientific problem to investigate
For example，a student named Mary has decided to research into how quickly sugar dissolves（溶解）in water．
?Write down your hypothesis
You may already have an idea of what you expect to happen in your investigation．This idea is called your hypothesis．It may not be right! It is just an idea，though it may be based on work in science which you have done before．The aim of your investigation is to test your idea．?Decide what variables（变量）you are dealing with
Things like temperature，size，weight，and colour are called variables．Variables are things you can
measure（测量）．
In your investigation，you have to decide what the variables are，which ones you will keep fixed，and which you will change．
You need to change just one variable at a time．If lots of variables change at once．it won't be a good test．
?Decide wha t equipment you need，and in what order you will do things
?Prepare tables for your results
②Getting your evidence（数据）
?Make your measurements，and record your results
③Reaching conclusions
?Look for patterns in your results
?Present your c onclusions
What links（关联）did you find between any of the variables？How would you explain these links？
④Checking your findings
?Compare your conclusions and hypothesis
Do your results support your idea？
（）What does the underlined word "hypothesis" most probably mean？
A．reason
B．result
C．method
D．guess
（）In Mary's investigation，which of the following about the variables is true？
A．She can only change one variable at a time．
B．Some of the variables can't be measured．
C．Her weight and age can be the variables．
D．The temperature of water cannot be a variable．
（）What is the passage mainly about？
A．How to do a scientific research．
B．How to explain a scientific finding．
C．How to deal with a chemistry problem．
D．How to understand some chemistry knowledge．
【分析】这是一篇文化知识类阅读，主要介绍如何做调查研究．作者列举了4
个步骤．包括：规划、得到数据、得出结论和检查你的发现．
【解答】1．D．词意猜测题．This idea is called your hypothesis这个想法叫做你的___．根据下一句It may not be right! It is just an idea它可能不对！它只是一个想法．可知，应该是"假设"．选D．
2．A．推理判断题．根据第①点里倒数第三行You need to change just one variable at a time你需要一次只改变一个变量．可知，A选项"她每次只能改变一个变量"正确．选A．
3．A．主旨大意题．根据标题How to investigate如何调查研究．可知，短文主要介绍如何进行科学调查．选A．
【点评】先浏览所给的问题以及选择项，然后带着问题在通读原文的基础上快速地找到答案，然后再回过头来检查一遍，确保万无一失．
14．We wake up very early to go to school，maybe even earlier to meet with a teacher，complete our extracurricular（课程以外的）activities，come home to have a quick dinner，talk for eight minutes with our parents and do homework until we fall asleep．But then we remember．We have to look at the American College Test（ACT）exercises one more time．Half asleep，we run downstairs to get the ACT book，and start studying．After this we finally get to turn off the lights and drift away to sleep．And then six hours later，we do it all over again．In my health class，my teacher told us that teenagers need at least eight to nine hours of sleep each night．The sad truth is，with so much to do every day，high school students cannot keep to this sleep schedule（安排）．
Let me ask you all a question：Doesn't it seem more humane（人道的）to give a teenager perhaps two hours of homework each night？This would allow us to have the eight to nine hours of much needed sleep．Or does it seem better to pile students with five hours of work a night？It leaves us very little time to relax，therefore reducing the time that we can sleep．In my opinion．the present structure（结构）of the junior year of high school doesn't work well．Junior year of high school is a time for growth．By this time many students have the ability to think creatively，and solve challenging problems．Homework is important for a
student's growth．But do we really need to spend countless hours a night doing it？Too much homework can only lead to too little sleep and too low an ability．I do think it is time to change the structure，so that we sleep at home，and learn at school．
（）In the first paragraph the writer gives ．
A．a picture of the present daily life of high school students
B．an example of an ideal daily life of high school students
C．a reason for high school students to live a busy daily school life
D．a suggestion of what high school students should do to pass ACT
（）From the last paragraph we know that the writer thinks ．
A．Junior year of high school is the most important growth period
B．challenging problems are needed for a teenager's growth
C．the ability to think has nothing to do with homework
D．the present structure leads to students often sleeping in class
（）Why does the writer write this article？
A．To prove the role of enough sleep in teenagers' growth．
B．To complain about the problems in the system of the ACT．
C．To ask for a change for less homework and more sleep．
D．To discuss the relationship between sleep and homework．
【分析】这是一篇教育文化类阅读，主要介绍学生每天应该有八到九个小时的睡眠时间，但是高中生每天的时间被安排得很紧凑，这让他们的睡眠时间减少了2小时左右，作者认为太多的作业只能导致太少的睡眠和太低的能力．应该做出一些改变了．
【解答】1．A．细节理解题，结合
We wake up very early to go to school， maybe even earlier to meet with a teacher ， complete our extracurricular（课程以外
的） activities， come home to have a quick dinner， talk for eight minutes with o ur parents and do homework until we fall asleep． But then we remember． We ha ve to look at the American College Test
（ACT） exercises one more time． Half asleep， we run downstairs to get the AC T book， and start studying． After this we finally get to turn off the lights and dri ft away to sleep． And then six hours later， we do it all over again．我们很早就起床去上学，也许更早去见老师，完成课外活动，回家吃顿快餐，和父母交谈八
分钟，做家庭作业直到我们睡觉．但后来我们想起．我们必须再看一遍美国大学的考试练习．我们半睡半醒，跑下楼去拿书，然后开始学习．之后我们终于把灯关了，然后就睡着了．六个小时后，我们又重新开始了．这是在描述现在的高中生的一天．故选A．
2．D．细节理解题．结
合 I do think it is time to change the structure， so that we sleep at home， and lea rn at school．我确实认为是时候改变结构了，这样我们就可以在家睡觉，在学校学习了．也就是现在的结构状况导致学生缺觉，在学校犯困，故选D．3．C．推理判断题．结
合 I do think it is time to change the structure， so that we sleep at home， and lea rn at school我确实认为是时候改变结构了，这样我们就可以在家睡觉，在学校学习了．本文作者是希望能改变现在的状况，多睡眠少作业．故选C．
【点评】本题首先要通读全文，了解大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意和词的搭配，并注意上下连贯，合乎逻辑，最后通读全文，细心检查．
15．After a while attention to Tom ended，and the usual school murmur（嗡嗡读书声）rose upon the boring air once more．Now the boy began to steal secret glances（偷看）at the girl．She noticed it，made a face at him and gave him the back of her head for the space of a minute．When she slowly faced around again，an apple lay before her．She pushed it away．Tom gently put it back．She pushed it away again，but with less animosity（敌意）．Tom patiently returned it to its place．Then she let it remain．Tom wrote on his paper，"Please take it-I got more．" The girl glanced at the words，but made no sign．
Now the boy began to draw something on the paper，hiding his work with his left hand．For a time the girl refused to notice；but her human curiosity（好奇心）soon began to show itself by hardly noticeable（明显的）signs．The boy worked on，seemingly not aware．The girl made some non-committal（含糊的）efforts to see，but the boy did not display that he was aware of it．At last she couldn't bear it and whispered：
"Let me see it．"
Tom partly uncovered the picture of a house with some smoke rising from the chimney（烟囱）．Then the girl's interest began to fasten itself upon the work and she forgot everything else．When it was finished，she gazed a moment，then whispered：
"It's nice-draw a man．"
The artist created a man in the front yard；she was satisfied，and whispered：
"It's a beautiful man--now draw me in it．"
Tom drew an hour-glass（沙漏）as the body，a full moon as her head and some arms added to it．The girl said：
"It's ever so nice-I wish I could draw．No one has ever taught me that．"
"It's easy，" whispered Tom，"I'll learn you．"
"Oh，will you？When？"
"At noon．Do you go home to dinner？"
"I'll stay if you will．"
"Good-that's a deal．What's your name？"
（）What probably happened in the classroom before this passage？
A．The girl introduced herself to the boy．
B．Something noticeable happened to the boy．
C．They had a lesson on how to draw．
D．The boy drew an apple for the girl．
（）What most probably happened to the apple finally？
A．Eaten by the boy because the girl didn't accept it．
B．Eaten by the boy because it was the last one he had got．
C．Eaten by the girl because they finally became friends．
D．Eaten by the girl because the boy was drawing all the time．
（）What can we learn from the 2nd paragraph？
A．The boy didn't want the girl to show interest in his drawing．
B．The girl didn't want to show interest in the boy's drawing noticeably．
C．The boy didn't notice the girl trying several times to see his drawing．
D．The girl didn't want the boy to do the drawing in class any more．
（）What in this passage made Tom succeed in making friends with the girl？
A．Using her curiosity．
B．Showing off his drawing ability．
C．Teaching her how to draw．
D．Inviting her to dinner．
【分析】这是一篇人物故事类阅读，主要介绍调皮的小男孩Tom经过不断努力成功地和同桌的女孩成为朋友的故事．
【解答】1．B．推理判断题．根据第一段After a while attention to Tom ended过来一会儿，人们对于汤姆的关注结束了．可知，在此之前，一定有什么引人关注的事情发生在汤姆身上．选B．
2．C．推理判断题．根据第二段but her human curiosity（好奇心）soon began to show但是她的人类好奇心很快就开始显现了．倒数第六、五、四行No one has ever taught me that．" "It's easy，" whispered Tom，"I'll learn you．" "Oh，will you？When？""从来没有人教过我．""这很容易，"汤姆低声说，"我来教你．""哦，你会吗？什么时候？"．可知，经过汤姆的努力，他和女孩终于成为了朋友，因此后来，苹果应该是被女孩吃了．选C．
3．B．段意猜测题．根据第二段but her human curiosity（好奇心）soon began to show itself by hardly noticeable（明显的）signs．她的人类好奇心很快就开始显现出来，但是几乎没有明显的迹象．可知，女孩不想对男孩画的画感兴趣．选B．
4．A．细节理解题．根据第二段but her human curiosity（好奇心）soon began to show itself by hardly noticeable（明显的）signs她的人类好奇心很快就开始显现出来，但是几乎没有明显的迹象．及倒数第六行It's ever so nice-I wish I could draw．No one has ever taught me that真是太好了，我希望我能画画．没人教过我．可知，汤姆成功地和那个女孩交上了朋友是利用她的好奇心．选A．
【点评】阅读题型，段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．看不懂的词跳过，根据上下文猜意思，掌握一些常识．根据问题，找到关键语句，还要运用合理的推理．选择正确答案．
2017
专项训练五校园生活 时间：8～10分钟/篇分值：2分/小题 Passage 1(2018贵港) Mahalya Daye is a student in Grade 8 at Lamberton Middle School in Pennsylvania, US. Every afternoon at 2 o'clock, she runs to a store at her school, she is not running to buy snacks. Instead, she works as the storekeeper and helps count change(零钱) for customers. “I d idn't k now t hat i t t ook s o m uch w ork. I d idn't d o a nything l ike t his，”M ahalya told The Sentinel, a local newspaper. In fact, she and another 11 students work as the storekeepers at Bison Bargains, the school's first student-run store. It started on February 22, and it opens each school day during break time from 2 to 2∶30 p．m. It mainly sells stationery and snacks. Through this, students see what a business is like. Christian Ilg, a 14-year-old student, was really surprised by how hard it was to not make mistakes and do the transactions(交易). “It's kind of a challenge to learn all the information on the stock(供应物) lists and remember all the prices of the products，”Christian told the newspaper. To help them learn about business, they took a class. The class taught students how to use money and some simple business rules. The school did a survey on what products students would buy from a school store. In the future, they plan to sell things made by the students themselves. For example, students can sell their homemade pencil boxes and phone cases. ()1. Mahalya runs to a store in her school to________． A. buy some snacks B. learn about customers C. work as the storekeeper D. learn about the information ()2. What does the underlined word “stationery”mean in Chinese? A. 文具 B. 餐具 C. 道具 D. 家具 ()3. How long does Bison Bargains open each school day during break time? A. 60 minutes. B. 50 minutes. C. 40 minutes. D. 30 minutes. ()4. The purpose of having a student-run store is to ________． A. teach students to learn from mistakes B. help students see what a business is like C. sell more stationery and snacks to students D. start a class on how to use money in the store ()5. What is this passage mainly about? A. The school's new program, a student-run store. B. The results of a survey on the student-run store. C. The reasons of opening a student-run store. D. The rules of the student-run store. Passage 2(2018丽水)
集合与简易逻辑专题 1.（2017北京）已知，集合，则 （A ） （B ） （C ） （D ） 2．（2017新课标Ⅱ理）设集合{}1,2,4A =，{}240B x x x m =-+=． 若{}1A B =I ，则B = A ．{}1,3- B ．{}1,0 C ．{}1,3 D ．{}1,5 3（2017天津理）设集合{1,2,6},{2,4},{|15}A B C x x ===∈-≤≤R ，则()A B C =U I （A ）{2} （B ）{1,2,4} （C ）{1,2,4,6} （D ）{|15}x x ∈-≤≤R 4（2017新课标Ⅲ理）已知集合A ={} 22(,)1x y x y +=│，B ={}(,)x y y x =│，则A I B 中元素的个数为 A ．3 B ．2 C ．1 D ．0 5（2017 山东理）设函数A ，函数y=ln(1-x)的定义域为B,则A B =I （A ）（1,2） （B ）??(1,2 （C ） （-2,1） （D ）[-2,1) 6（2017新课标Ⅰ理）已知集合A ={x |x <1}，B ={x |31x <}，则 U =R {|22}A x x x =<->或U A =e(2,2)-(,2)(2,)-∞-+∞U [2,2]-(,2][2,)-∞-+∞U
A ．{|0}A B x x =U D ．A B =?I 7（2017江苏）已知集合，，若}1{=?B A ，则实数的 值为 ． 8（2017天津）设集合{1,2,6},{2,4},{1,2,3,4}A B C ===，则()A B C =U I （A ）{2} （B ）{1,2,4} （C ）{1,2,4,6} （D ）{1,2,3,4,6} 9（2017新课标Ⅱ）设集合{1,2,3},{2,3,4}A B ==，则A B =U A ．{}1 23,4，， B ．{}123，， C ．{}234，， D ．{}134，， 10（2017北京理）若集合A ={x |–2
2017年中考试题汇编--10浮力
2017中考试题汇编——浮力 一、选择题 1．（2017衡阳，6，2分）甲、乙两个完全相同的杯子盛有不同浓度的盐水，将同一个鸡 蛋先后放入其中，当鸡蛋静止时， 两个杯子中液面恰好相平，鸡蛋所 处的位置如图所示，则 A．甲杯中的盐水密度较大 B．乙杯底部所受液体的压强较大 C．甲杯底部所受的液体压力较大 D．鸡蛋在乙杯中收到的浮力较大 2．（2017郴州，18，2分）如图所 示，某同学将两个完全相同的 物体A、B分别放到甲、乙两 种液体中．物体静止时，A漂浮，B悬浮，且两 、液面相平，容器底部受到的液体压强分别为P 甲P乙，物体A、B所受浮力分別为F A、F B．则（）A．P甲＜P乙，F A=F B B．P甲＜P乙，F A＞F B C．P甲＞P乙，F A=F B D．P甲＞P乙，F A＜F B
底部，容器对桌面的压强又改变了460Pa．容器的底面积为100cm2，ρ铝=2.7g/cm3，g取10N/kg．下 列判断正确的是（） A．铝块浸没在液体中时所受浮力是0.8N B．铝块的体积是100cm3 C．铝块沉底时对容器底部的压力是4.6N D．液体的密度是0.8g/cm3 5．（2017广东，7）将体积相同材料不同的甲、乙、丙三个实心小球，分别轻轻放入三个装满水的相同 烧杯中，甲球下沉至杯底，乙球漂浮和丙球悬浮，如图所示，下列说法正确的是（） A．三个小球的质量大小关系是 m甲>m乙>m丙 B．三个小球受到的浮力大小关 系是F 甲=F 丙
经济类高频词 1.accelerate vt （使）加速，增速 例：accelerate the rate of economic growth加速经济增长 派：acceleration n 加速accelerating a 加速的 2.boost vt 提高，推动，使增长n 推动，增长 例：boost the economy推动经济增长 派：booster n 支持者，推动器 3.mushroom vi 迅速成长n 蘑菇 例：sth mushroom …快速成长/增加 4.flourish vi 繁荣，茂盛； vt挥动 例：the nation’s economy will flourish国家经济将繁荣发展 5.thrive vi 兴旺，繁荣 例：The company managed to thrive after a recession经济衰退后该公司设法兴旺起来6.impose vt 把…强加于；征税 考：impose on/upon把…强加于 例：to impose local tax征收地方税 派：imposing a 壮观的，令人难忘的 7.restore vt 恢复，修复；归还，交还 例： restore the economy to full strength完全恢复经济发展 派：restoration n 修复 revive v 使复苏vi 恢复 例：The economy of these areas is beginning to revive这些地方的经济开始复苏 8.soar vi 猛增，高飞；（情绪）高涨 例：Oil prices have soared in recent weeks石油价格最近几周飚升 9.squeeze vt 挤，压榨；n 拮据，紧缺；握手 例：financial squeeze财政困难 10.exceed vt 超过，越出 例：The benefits exceed $10 million利润超过1千万美元 派：exceeding a 超过的；exceedingly ad 非常
专题9 有机化合物 Ⅰ—生活中常见的有机物 1．（2017?北京-7）古丝绸之路贸易中的下列商品，主要成分属于无机物的是 A．瓷器B．丝绸C．茶叶D．中草药 A．A B．B C．C D．D 【答案】A 【解析】含有碳元素的化合物为有机物，有机物大多数能够燃烧，且多数难溶于水；无机 物指的是不含碳元素的化合物，无机物多数不能燃烧，据此分析。 A、瓷器是硅酸盐产品，不含碳元素，不是有机物，是无机物，故A正确； B、丝绸的主要成分是蛋白质，是有机物，故B错误； C、茶叶的主要成分是纤维素，是有机物，故C错误； D、中草药的主要成分是纤维素，是有机物，故D错误。 【考点】无机化合物与有机化合物的概念、硅及其化合物菁优网版权所有 【专题】物质的分类专题 【点评】本题依托有机物和无机物的概念考查了化学知识与生活中物质的联系，难度不大，应注意有机物中一定含碳元素，但含碳元素的却不一定是有机物。 Ⅱ—有机结构认识 2．（2017?北京-10）我国在CO2催化加氢制取汽油方面取得突破性进展，CO2转化过程示意图如下。下列说法不正确的是 A．反应①的产物中含有水 B．反应②中只有碳碳键形式
C．汽油主要是C5～C11的烃类混合物 D．图中a的名称是2﹣甲基丁烷 【答案】B 【解析】A．从质量守恒的角度判断，二氧化碳和氢气反应，反应为CO2+H2=CO+H2O，则产物中含有水，故A正确； B．反应②生成烃类物质，含有C﹣C键、C﹣H键，故B错误； C．汽油所含烃类物质常温下为液态，易挥发，主要是C5～C11的烃类混合物，故C正确；D．图中a烃含有5个C，且有一个甲基，应为2﹣甲基丁烷，故D正确。 【考点】碳族元素简介；有机物的结构；汽油的成分；有机物的系统命名法菁优网版权【专题】碳族元素；观察能力、自学能力。 【点评】本题综合考查碳循环知识，为高频考点，侧重考查学生的分析能力，注意把握化 学反应的特点，把握物质的组成以及有机物的结构和命名，难度不大。 C H， 3.（2017?新课标Ⅰ-9）化合物（b）、（d）、（p）的分子式均为66 下列说法正确的是 A. b的同分异构体只有d和p两种 B. b、d、p的二氯代物均只有三种 C. b、d、p均可与酸性高锰酸钾溶液反应 D. b、d、p中只有b的所有原子处于同一平面 【答案】D 【解析】A.（b）的同分异构体不止两种，如，故A错误 B.（d）的二氯化物有、、、、、， 故B错误 KMnO溶液反应，故C错误 C.（b）与（p）不与酸性4 D.（d）2与5号碳为饱和碳，故1，2，3不在同一平面，4，5，6亦不在同 一平面，（p）为立体结构，故D正确。 【考点】有机化学基础：健线式；同分异构体；稀烃的性质；原子共面。 【专题】有机化学基础；同分异构体的类型及其判定。 【点评】本题考查有机物的结构和性质，为高频考点，侧重考查学生的分析能力，注意把 握有机物同分异构体的判断以及空间构型的判断，难度不大。 Ⅲ—脂肪烃
内能--13年中考试题汇编2017． 2017中考试题汇编——内能 一．选择题（共20小题） 1201762）下列关于分子的说法中，山东枣庄，．（，
）正确的是（ A ．所有物质的分子都是规则排列的B0 ℃时，所有物质的分子都停止了运动．C ．分子之间的引力与斥力是同时存在的D ．固体的分子之间只有引力，没有斥力【答案】C 【解析】解： A、固体分晶体和非晶体，晶体的分子是规则排列的，非晶体的分子是规则排列的，故A错误； B、分子在永不停息地做无规则运动，在0℃
时，所有物质的分子仍然在做无规则运动，故B错误； C、分子间同时存在着相互作用的引力和斥力，故C正确； D、任何分子间都存在相互作用的引力和斥力，二者同时存在，故D错误． 故选C． 【考点】分子动理论的其它内容及应用．2201732）八月桂花盛开，，微风吹过，．（江苏无锡，）飘来阵阵花香，这说明（． A B ．分了间有相互作用力．分子非常小C D ．分子处在无规则运动中．分子是可分的【答案】D
【解析】解： 八月桂花盛开，微风吹过，飘来阵阵花香，是桂花的芳香分子扩散到空气中，这种现象说明了分子在不停的做无规则的运动，故D 正确．故选D． 【考点】扩散现象． 3201733分）如图所示，瓶内有一贵州遵义，，．（些水，用带孔的橡皮塞把瓶口塞住，向瓶内打气一会儿后，瓶塞跳起，在瓶塞跳
起的过程中，下）列关于瓶内气体说法正确的是 （ A B．瓶．气体对瓶塞做功，气体的内能减少塞对气体做功，气体的内能减少C D．瓶气体对瓶塞做功，．气体的内能增加塞对气体做功，气体的内能增加【答案】A 【解析】解：向瓶内打气，瓶塞跳起时，在瓶塞跳起的过程中，瓶内气体对瓶塞做功，气体一部． 分内能转化为瓶塞的机械能；故A正确，BCD 错误． 故选 A．
中考英语阅读理解分类解读 一、人物故事类 【命题趋势】 人物故事以记述人物生平故事为主。体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。近年来，人物传记类阅读文章在高中阅读理解题中有所减 少。 【应试对策】 人物故事类文章多为记叙文，为了支撑所要描述的人物，短语往往会出现大量细节，这些细节有时很直接，理解字面意思即可，有时则很间接，需要综合、归纳、推理才能判断。准确理解细节是做好这类题的关键。那么，怎样准确理解细节呢？ 首先，从问题中找到关键词；然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅的技巧在文中迅速找细节；找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读，认真比较选项和文中细节的区别；最后，在正确理解细 节的前提下，确定最佳答案。 【典型考题】 (1) When we asked students what they want to be, they often
talk about unusual jobs, things like teachers and doctors. But if you think about it, many people don’t plan to do their jobs. They just start doing them by accident. We have talked to two people with unusual jobs. Emily is a dentist but she doesn’t work with people. She works with horses. After university she took care of animal’s health for several years, but she notices that there were few people who could help horse s’ teeth. She deicide to go to college and study again. Then she had to buy special tools, but she is never out of work. She’d always very busy taking care of horses’ teeth. “I couldn’t be a dentist for people now,” Emily said, “because I really enjoy working with horses.” As soon as David could read, he read books about robots, but the robots he build today don’t look like the strange robot people in his books. He build robots for industry. Early one he made up his mind to study math, science and computers so that he could break into the world of robot engineering. “Some of the math is very difficult.” say David, “but you must study math to be an engineer.” Fortunately he got top marks in all his math exams. 1. Emily doesn’t want to be a dentist because _________. A. the pay is low B. she has to buy special
三年高考试题分类汇编：名著阅读（2017-2019年) 【2019年高考】 一、【2019年高考江苏卷】下列有关名著的说明，不正确的两项是（5分）（选择两项且全答对得5分， 选择两项只答对一项得2分，其余情况得0分） A．《三国演义》中，张飞在长板桥上睁圆环眼厉声大喝，吓退曹兵，然后迅速拆断桥梁，以阻追兵，可见张飞十分勇猛，又很有智谋。 B．《家》中，许倩如倡导女子剪发，带头剪掉自己的辫子，还以梅的遭遇来激发琴拒绝包办婚姻，鼓励琴做一个跟着时代走的新女性。 C．《狂人日记》中，狂人说将来的社会“容不得吃人的人”，最后喊出“救救孩子”，作者借此表达了对社会变革的强烈渴望。 D．《欧也妮·葛朗台》中，夏尔在父亲破产自杀后，不愿拖累心上人安奈特而写了分手信给她，这一良善之举让偷看信件的欧也妮发誓要永远爱他。 E．《老人与海》中，圣地亚哥经过生死搏斗最终将大马林鱼残骸拖回港口，有游客把它当成了鲨鱼骨，这一误会让小说结尾更意味深长。 【答案】AD 【解析】本题考查识记和理解名著的能力。解答本题，平时一定要熟读名著，识记其中的人物和情节。对于大纲要求的篇目，有时间时就要反复读，只有熟到一定的程度，类似题目才能应对自如。A项，“迅速拆断桥梁”“有智谋”错误。如果不拆断桥，曹军害怕其中有埋伏不敢进兵。现在拆断了桥，曹军会料定张飞心虚，必定前来追赶。故A项错误。D项，“这一良善之举让偷看信件的欧也妮发誓要永远爱他”表述错误。欧也妮发誓要永远爱夏尔的原因不止是这一点，还有信中夏尔表达的对欧也妮的好感和赞美。故D项错误。B、C、E项正确。故选AD。 二、【2019年高考江苏卷】简答题（10分） （1）《红楼梦》“寿怡红群芳开夜宴，死金丹独艳理亲丧”一回中，群芳行令，宝钗摇得牡丹签，上云“任是无情也动人”。请结合小说概括宝钗的“动人”之处。（6分） （2）《茶馆》第三幕，在得知来到茶馆的“老得不像样子了”的人是秦仲义时，王利发对他说：“正想去告诉您一声，这儿要大改良！”这里的“大改良”指的是什么？这句话表达了王利发什么样的情感？（4分）
2017年全国中考语文试题汇编小说阅读 潘德高老师整理提供 1．（2017·福建省福州市）阅读下文．完成16—20题。(20分) 点燃一个冬天 游睿 山村的冬天就是来得早。寒气在十月刚过就开着队伍铺天盖地地卷过来。村里的人似乎都有些怕了，早上八点还没有多少人起床。只有几根玉米秆子被寒气冻得瑟瑟地颤抖。孙老师和自己的女人却早早地起床了。 “瘟走．又是下雨。”女人没好气地骂着。“一连倒了这么多天，天上的水也该倒得差不多了。” 孙老师笑了笑。大块大块的煤早就堆在了操场的角落。孙老师说：“生火吧．我已经听到孩子们的脚步声了。” 女人望天．叹气。“瘟天?”女人又咧咧地骂。走路的时候一步比一步用力，只差把地踏出一个坑。女人甩了几块木炭放在了煤的中央，然后嗤地划了根火柴。“瘟天，还下雨，我们这冬天就无法过了。”士人说。 孙老师知道，女人说的是煤。这点煤是女人用背蒌一块一块背回来的，女人背煤背得很辛苦。女人想甩这些煤度过这个冬天。孙老师不说话，他听见了孩子们的脚踏着水的声音。这声音渐行渐近。孙老师就想起他们沾满黄泥的裤腿，露出脚趾的胶鞋，贴着脸皮的头发和准备钻进嘴家里的鼻涕……孙老师说：”但愿这是最后一个雨天。” 这时孩子们来了。整整齐齐叫了一声老师好。孙老师唉唉地应看，说：“放下书包，快来烤烤．烤干身上我们马上上课。”【A】学生们就如一群鱼儿一样游在那堆火旁边．一边伸出湿漉漉的裤腿和鞋．—边在雾气里说着谁早上没等谁，谁昨天放学后看见了孙老师做什么了。孙老师笑着招呼：“都采烤烤，剐冻着了。” 女人在一边默默地看着。半晌，女人说，我有事先走了，你们慢慢烤。女人挎着背篓慢慢地被雾帘遮住。远处渐浙的有了狗叫或者一两声鸟儿的私语。 下午放学了．雾还没怎么散。卦老师和孩子们挥手，不断说着再见。孙老师说：“天黑得早，旱点回。住远一点的．要走两个多小时呢。“孩子们点头。 看孩子们走远，女人放下背姜。背姜里是满满的一背蒌干柴。 “哟，原来你是在弄柴，有了柴我们不就没事了吗?” 女人给了孙老师一个白眼。女人说：“你早早地就把学生放回家了，人家还不是在路上贪玩?” “谁说的?他们可都是听话的孩子，放学就回末了呀。”孙老师说。 “你不相信？我今天上山遇到了一个家长，他说你们怎么老留学生的课呀。可我们放学很早的。你想想，学生们是不是没听话？枉你还那么热心。”女人愤愤地说。 女人说完，就看见孙老师已经出了学校的门，脚步把寒气撞得哗啦哗啦响。 傍晚的时候，女人做好了饭菜。孙老师才回来。回来的时候抱了一大抽干柴。 “看到啥了?”女人问。 孙老师放下柴火，说：”看见了。他们在路上的一个草坪里玩。我批评了他们几句，放学是得早点回家。” 女人说：“你看你。唉。”女人摇摇头，想说什么．但没说出来。 这天晚上，寒风又把村庄哔哔啵啵摇了一个晚上。女人和孙老师在床上翻来翻去。女人说：“听见没有，下雪了。”孙老师说：“听见了，下就下呗。” “可我们没有煤了。准备着冻死?” “我们不是有干柴吗?怕什么呢。”
IELTS阅读分类词汇 ===阅读分类词汇===心理theorem 原理，定理v.s. theory methodology 方法论(method) physiology 生理学(physiological) psychiatry 精神病学psychology, psycho, psychosis, psychoanalysis correlation 相互关系correlation coefficient sensation 感觉，知觉(另)轰动sensational perception 感知，认知 intuition 知觉(intuitive) ESP 第六感(Extrasensory Perception) motivate 激励à motivation (^ bonus, commission, …) incentive 激励因素 stimulus 刺激à stimulate, stimulation disorder 紊乱，失调 dysfunction 机能障碍dys(=dis) + function dissonance 不和谐，不一致dis + son(sound) +ance trauma 创伤(traumatic)the trauma caused by Sept. 11 anxiety 焦虑(= anxiousness) depression 沮丧(de + press + ion)~ depressedv.s. repression (压抑) insomnia 失眠 phobia 恐惧(症) suffix: -phobia acrophobia acronym: IELTS, TOEFL… enophobia a fear of foreigners or strangers claustrophobia a fear of being closed in a confined place allergy 过敏(症)，反感( allergic)He is allergic to card playing. propensity Most boys have a propensity of playing with machinery.= tendency, inclination paranoid 偏执的paranoia (偏执狂)
最新中考英语阅读理解分类训练 环境保护类短文阅读 1. 阅读理解 It is reported that some developed counties have shipped broken parts of computes to China.Such a thing can be founded every day although it is against international laws. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones send from Japan. Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. Dealing with is not an easy job because dangerous poison like mercury(汞)and lead (铅)can be found in them. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be deal with safely. But at present, broken computer parts are usually buried. It may be hundreds of years before they are really goes in the earth. Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong province is one of them. This town is named as”the e-waste capital of the world”. It has to deal with 1.5mllion kilograms of e-waste each year, from which it makes 75 million years. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poison in e-waste find their way into the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers, Greenpeace, an environmental group, has found the air, the earth and the rivers in G uiyu badly polluted. The Chinese government wants the country to develop, but in a way that doesn;t do harm to the environment life. This year,China presents a new protection law, the strictest one we have ever had. Computer and people’s complies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. This is because the complies that make computers know best to deal with them safely. Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in near future. 61. The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from ________. A.France B.Japan C.Germany D. Aus tralia 62. The underlined word buried probably means _______ in the passage. A.焚烧 B.障碍 C.回收 D.掩埋 63. The town of Guiya in Guangdong Province _________. A.is the e-capital of the world B.has serious e-waste pollution C. Deals with e-waste safely D.speeds much money on e-waste 64. This year,the Chinese government __________.
2017年高考试题分类汇编（集合） 考点1 数集 考法1 交集 1.（2017·北京卷·理科1）若集合{}21A x x =-<<，{}13B x x x =<->或，则 A B = A. {}21x x -<<- B. {}23x x -<< C. {}11x x -<< D. {}13x x << 2.（2017·全国卷Ⅱ·理科2）设集合{}1,2,4A =，{}240B x x x m =-+=．若 {}1A B =，则B = A ．{}1,3- B ．{}1,0 C ．{}1,3 D ．{}1,5 3.（2017·全国卷Ⅲ·理科2）已知集合{}1,2,3,4A =，{}2,4,6,8B =，则A B 中元素的个数为 A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 4.（2017·山东卷·理科1）设函数y =A ，函数ln(1)y x =-的定义域为B ，则A B = A ．(1,2) B ．(1,2] C ．(2,1)- D ．[2,1)- 5.（2017·山东卷·文科1）设集合{}11M x x =-<,{}2N x x =<,则M N = A.()1,1- B.()1,2- C.()0,2 D.()1,2 6.（2017·江苏卷）已知集合{}1,2A =，{}2,3B a a =+，若{}1A B =，则实数a 的值为______. 考法2 并集 1.（2017·全国卷Ⅱ·文科2）设集合{}{}123234A B ==，，， ，，， 则A B = A. {}123,4，， B. {}123，， C. {}234，， D. {}134，， 2.（2017·浙江卷1）已知集合{}11P x x =-<<,{}02Q x x =<<，那么P Q = A. (1,2)- B. (0,1) C.(1,0)- D. (1,2) 考法3 补集
专题1 声现象 一、选择题 1．【2017?泰安卷】关于声现象，下列说法正确的是（） A．物体振动的越快，发出的音调越低 B．外科医生利用超声波振动除去人体内的结石是利用了声音传递能量 C．用真空罩罩住发声体减弱噪声的做法是控制噪声的产生 D．声音在不同介质中的传播速度都相同 【答案】B 【解析】 音调的高低与频率有关，频率越快，音调越高，故A错误；外科医生利用超声波振动除去人体内的结石是利用了声音能传播能量．故B正确；用泡沫盒罩住发声体减弱噪声的做法是在声音的传播过程中减弱噪声，即阻断噪声的传播．故C错误；声音在不同介质中的传播速度一般不同．故D错误；故应选B。 【考点定位】声音的综合利用 2、【2017?自贡卷】关于声现象，下列说法不正确的是（） A、声音是由物体的振动产生的 B、声音不可以在真空中传播 C、声源振动的频率越高，音调越高 D、音调越高，说明声源振动的幅度越大 【答案】D 考点：声音的产生；声音的传播条件；频率及音调的关系． 3．【2017?长沙卷】下列有关声现象的说法正确的是 A．声音在各种介质中的传播速度均为340m/s B．只要物体在振动，人就一定能听到声音 C．利用超声波清洗眼睛，说明了超声波可以传递能量 D．真空也能传声 【答案】C 【解析】 A.声音在15℃的空气中传播速度为340m/s，“各种介质”中，A错误；
B.物体振动一定产生了声音，并不代表一定听到了声音，人听到声音，还需要传播到人的耳朵里，B错误； C.利用超声波清洗眼睛，说明了超声波可以传递能量，C正确； D.真空中不能传声，D错误；故选C 考点：声速声音的产生声音能够传递能量声音在真空中不能传声。 4. 【2017?菏泽卷】关于声现象，下列说法正确的是（） A.声音在空气中传播比在水中传播的快 B.声音和光在空气中传播时，声音传播的较快 C.喇叭播放的歌曲都是乐音 D.声音是由物体的振动产生的 【答案】D 【解析】 A．声音在不同介质中传播速度不同，在水中传播的比在空气中传播得快，故A错误。 B．声音和光在空气中传播时，光传播的较快，故B错误。 C．喇叭播放的歌曲影响了人们正常的工作、学习和休息，也是噪声，故C错误。 D．振动发声，声音是由物体的振动产生的，故D正确为答案。 考点：声现象 5.【2017?枣庄卷】下列声现象中，能说明声音的传播需要介质的是（） A.蝙蝠靠超声波发现昆虫 B.倒车雷达 C. 真空罩中的闹钟 D.超声波清洗机【答案】C 【解析】 A、蝙蝠是靠发出的超声波被昆虫反射发现目标的，此现象说明声音能够反射，形成回声．故A错误； B、倒车雷达是靠发出的超声波被障碍物反射发现车后物体的，此现象说明声音能够反射，形成回声．故B 错误； C、当逐渐抽掉罩内空气时，闹钟声音减小，由此可以推论，当罩内是真空时，声音将完全消失．说明声音的传播需要介质．故C正确； D、利用超声波可以清洗精密仪器，说明声音能够传递能量．故D错误． 故选C． 考点：声音的传播条件．
医学类高频词 1.disable vt 使无能力；使残废 2.transplant vt 移植 记：trans（转移）+plant（种植）=移植 派：transplantation n 移植 3.prescribe v 开处方 派：prescription n 处方 4. diagnose vt 诊断、判断 派：diagnosis n 诊断 5. soothe vt 安慰、使平静、减轻、缓和 例：This medicine should smooth your sore throat 这种药会减轻你的喉痛 6. alleviate vt 减轻、缓和、缓解 例：alleviate pain缓解疼痛 7. expire vi 断气、（期限）终止 例：My driving licence expires next month 我的驾照下个月到期 8. chronic a 慢性的 考：chronic diseases慢性疾病 9. dizzy a 头晕目眩的 10.resistant a 有抵抗力的、抵抗的 派：resistance n 抵抗、阻力 11.immune a 免疫的，不受影响的 派：be immune to免于，不受影响的 be immune from免除的 12.disorder n 混乱、失调 例：economic disorder经济 记：dis（否定前缀）+ order（秩序） 13.discomfort n 不适 14.syndrome n 综合症 考：AIDS艾滋病 （Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome） 15.handicap n 缺陷、障碍 派：handicapped a 有缺陷的 派：disabled a 伤残的 16. strain n 拉紧、过劳、扭伤vt 拉伤、使紧张vi 尽力 派：restrained vt 抑制，遏制；管制， 17.surgeon n 外科医生 派：surgery n 外科、外科手术 18.physician n 内科医生 19.pregnancy n 怀孕、怀孕期 派：pregnant a 怀孕的 20.remedy n 治疗法、补救办法 21.bacteria n 细菌 22.stress n 压力
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Many Chinese mothers are afraid that their children will fall behind their classmates, so these mothers are becoming "tiger mothers". They believe the harder their children study, the happier life they will have in the future. Is it true? Lulu and her sister Sophia may have a say. Lulu and Sophia have a "tiger mother". She pushed them a lot when they were young. For example, they were not allowed to get grades lower than A's. They had to practice the piano or violin for several hours a day. There were no games or TV. The tiger mother, Amy, is a Chinese-American professor at Yale Law School in the USA. Several years ago, she wrote a book named Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother and shared her strict parenting style （育儿方式） in it. Many people don't like Amy's style of parenting. They once worried that her daughters would not be happy. However, the two girls have grown up and they are thankful to their mother. Sophia has just graduated from Yale University. She is hard-working, friendly and helpful. Not long ago, she shared some useful studying tips online. Lulu is also a warm, smart and popular girl her friends eyes. She said tiger mothers believed that a child could succeed by being pushed to go all out. Still, not everyone agrees with the tiger mother's parenting style. In fact, there isn't a parenting style that fits everyone. What's the best parenting style for you? Maybe you should work it out together with your parents. （1）According to the passage, "tiger mothers" ________. A. don't mind their children falling behind their classmates B. don't care about their children's feelings when they grow up C. believe pushing their children hard can help them succeed D. believe the more happily the kids study, the harder their life will be （2）What can we know about Amy? A. She is teaching in China. B. She loves playing the violin. C. She is the mother of the two girls. D. She is liked by many people. （3）In Lulu and Sophia's opinion, their mother is ________. A. great B. worried C. humorous D. hateful （4）What can we infer （推断） from the passage? A. You can find tiger mothers only in China. B. Lulu graduated from Yale University, too. C. Sophia is not a popular girl in her friends' eyes. D. Different children need different parenting styles （5）Which of the following is probably the title? A. Lulu and Sophia B. Do you want a tiger mother? C. Chinese Mothers D. How can you become a tiger mother? 【答案】（1）C