非谓语动词复习
非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 to do b.现在分词/ 动名词doing c.过去分词done
概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词
2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分
(有一个特殊情况：过去分词不具备名词性，所以补充当主语或宾语。）
非谓语动词使用条件：一个简单句中有且只有一个谓语动词
一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词, 又没有连词的情况下, 应使用非谓语动词。
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.
She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
所有的非谓语动词的否定都是在其前面加 NOT
动词不定式
一．动词不定式的变体
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种：
主动被动
一般式
完成式
进行式
例如：I like to read English.
例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time.
例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room.
例如：The work is to be done soon.
例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.
二. 动词不定式的用法
I.作主语
To see is to believe． Not to get there in time is your fault.
注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。
It is a great enjoyment to spend our holiday in the mountains.
句型3： It is + adj + for sb to do sth（是形容事物的性质的）
It is + adj + of sb to do sth（是形容人的品质的）
It is easy for me to finish this work before ten.
It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.
II.作宾语
接不定式做宾语I want to know this matter.
(1)常见动词有：like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail,
manage, learn, seem, intend, forget, want, prepare, pretend, refuse, plan, afford,
wish等
(2)it作形式宾语
I find/feel to work with him interesting ． I find/feel it interesting to work with him．
3. I feel it my duty to change all that. 2.We think it important to obey
the law.
下列词接动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同的动词：
stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing 停止做
forget to do 忘记要做 forget doing 忘记做过
remember to do 记得要做 remember doing 记得做过
regret to do 遗憾要做 regret doing 后悔做过
try to do 企图做，尽力做 try doing 试着做
go on to do 继续做（另一件事） go on doing 继续做（同一件事）
mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味做
In some parts of London, missing a bus means _____ for another hour.
A waiting
B to waiting
C wait
D to be waiting
Boys, don't forget ____ the windows before you leave the classroom.
A. closing
B. closed
C. to closing
D. to close
She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock.
A. to have rested
B. resting
C. to rest
D. rest
Remember ______ the lights when you leave the office.
A. to turn off
B. turning off
C. turn off
D. to turning off
(4)一般说来，介词后接动词通常应是动名词。但是介词but(except也一样)却比较特殊，其后接动词时，可以接不定式，并且这个不定式可以带to也可以不带to，“前有do,后无to”
I have no choice but to wait.：
1. 当其前的谓语含有实义动词do(可以是各种形式)时，其后的不定式通常不带to：
She will do anything but play chess. 她除了下棋外什么都愿干。
He did nothing all day except watch TV. 他一整天除了看电视什么也没做。
2. 当其前的谓语没有某种形式的实义动词do时，其后的不定式通常要带to：
They had no choice but to obey. 他们别无选择只有服从。
He wanted nothing but to stay here. 他除了想呆在这里外，其他什么也不想。
3. 当其前含有实义动词do但不是用作谓语时，其后的不定式带不带to均可，但以不带to为多：
There’s nothing to do but (to) leave. 只好离开。
There was nothing to do but (to) wait. 除了等没有其他的办法。
4. 在cannot but, cannot choose/help but 之后接不带to的不定式
I can’t do anything but go out with her.
III.作宾语补足语
1. I’ll get someone to repair the recorder for you.
2. What caused him to change his mind?
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, encourage, force, get, hate, invite , order, wish , want, warn, remind, promise, permit, persuade, request+sb. to do
注意：（1）在动词feel （一感），hear, listen to（二听），have, let, make（三让），notice,
see, watch, observe, look at（五看）(即：吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中，不定式不
带to，但变为被动语态后，必须带to。如：They saw the boy fall off the tree.
The boy was seen to fall off the tree.
(2)help后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to,也可以不带to.
I often help him （to）clean the room. I helped him (to) find his things.
He is often heard to sing the song.
Though he often made his deskmate cry, today he was made to cry by his deskmate.
3)IV．作定语不定式所修饰的词前面有序数词，形容词最高级或only修饰
She is always the last to leave the room.
不定式为不及物动词且和所修饰的名词是动宾关系时，须加介词
.I have something important to say. Please find a piece of paper to write on
.Excuse me，could I use your pen for a moment？I have no pen to write with
不定式主表被问题 I have a lot of homework to do.
V.作状语不定式作状语可以表示目的、结果、原因。
I came here to see you．
He hurried to the school to find nobody there. (出乎意料的结果）
We were very excited to hear the news．（常见形容词后常用不定式）
对比To learn English well, he needs a good dictionary.
不定式的主动形式表示被动意义
I have something important to do. In the accident, the driver was to blame.
This question is difficult to answer. The box is not easy to carry.
动名词
一. 动名词/现在分词的基本构成
主动语态被动语态
一般式
完成式
No one likes being laughed at.
I don’t remember having ever been given a chance to do it.
二.doing的功用
⑴ Smoking does great harm to people’s health.（作主语）
①It is no use crying. ②It is no good objecting
⑵ My job is looking after children.（作表语）
⑶ I have finished reading the novel.（作宾语）
⑷ We have got a swimming pool in our school.（做定语）
常见的动词有：admit, advise, suggest, avoid, consider, delay, deny, excuse, finish, imagine, include, keep(on), mind, , practice, miss, resist.
短语: be/get used to ,be accustomed to,can’t help/stop, can’t stand , give up,
feel like, look forward to, get down to, have difficulty/trouble (in),be busy (in),put off
e.g.①She sat there without speaking.
doing主动表被动:
① The room wants cleaning. ② The method needs improving.
③ This pair of shoes require mending.
④ The question is well worth _discussing____ (discuss)
d）动词“like, love, hate, prefer”后接动名词表示“习惯性动作”，后接不定式表示“心理或
一次具体动作”。例如：I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon. doing的复合结构
动名词前可以加一个物主代词或名词所有格来表示这个动名词逻辑上的主语，构成动名词的复合结构或动名词短语
a.动名词复合结构作主语时一般用名词所有格或形容词性的物主代词。例如：
Nixon’s visiting China marked a new year between U.S. and China diplomatic relations.
尼克松访问中国标志着中美外交关系进入一个新的时代
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
b. 在口语和非正式语体中，只要不是作主语，动名词复合结构中的逻辑主语常采用名词通格或人称代词宾格。例如：
The doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.
分词
（一）分词的作用现在分词表示：主动，动作正在进行。过去分词表示：被动，动作已经完成。
1．作定语
Do you know the boy standing at the gate?
Have you read the book written by Lu Xun？
2．作表语
We are excited at the news.
The news he told us is exciting.
3．作宾语补足语
I heard him singing a song in the classroom.
We found the ground covered with snow.
4．作状语
While lying in bed, he listened to some music.
Seen from the hill, the village looks move beautiful.
分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，否则分词前面必须有自己的主语。
现在分词与过去分词在作状语的区别:现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成
1. (Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory.
(Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful.
2. (Hearing/heard) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.(When they heard the bad news)
3. (Giving/Given) more time, we could do it better. (If they had been given more attention)
4. I stood by the door, not daring to say a word.
Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. (Because he was so angry)
They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. (and they were singing laughing)
To serve the people well, I study hard. (In order to serve the people well)
独立主格结构
当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，带逻辑主语的分词短语成为独立主格结构，在句法功能上起状语作用。例如：
Weather permitting, they will go and visit the science museum.
The meeting being over, they all left the room.
Given more time, we could do it better.
The moon appearing, they decided to go on with their journey.
由There being +主语这种结构多表示原因。例如：
There being a lot of books to read, he often studied till midnight.1
with + 复合宾语结构
（1）with + 名词 / 代词 + 形容词 Don’t speak with your mouth full.
（2）with + 名词 / 代词 + 副词 The square looks more beautiful than ever with the lights on.
（3）with + 名词 / 代词 + 介词短语 He was asleep with his head on his arms.
（4）with + 名词 / 代词 + -ing分词She felt very nervous with so many people looking at her.
With the old man leading, the two started toward the mountains.
（5）with + 名词 / 代词 + 不定式 With five minutes to go before the last train left, we arrived here.
（6）with + 名词 / 代词 + -en分词 With his matter settled, we left the room.
【2012全国卷II】⒑ Tony lent me the money, ___ that I’d do as much for him.
A. hoping
B. to hope
C. hoped
D. having hoped
【2012全国卷II】⒖ The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy
___ anything that happened to be on.
A. to watch
B. watching
C. watched
D. to have watched
【2012安徽】24. I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A. locking
B. to lock
C. having locked
D. to have locked
【2012安徽】30. When for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A. asking
B. asked
C. having asked
D. to be asked
【2012重庆】23. ______to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
A. Having been asked
B. To ask
C. Having asked
D. To be asked
【2012重庆】28. We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______at the meeting will influence the future of our company.
A. to be made
B. being made
C. made
D. having been made
1
【2012全国】28. The party will be held in the garden, weather .
A. permitting
B. to permit
C. permitted
D. permit
【2012全国】32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.
A. having compared to
B. comparing to
C. compare to
D. compared to
【2012北京】23. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.
A. corrects
B. correct
C. to correct
D. correcting 【2012北京】27. _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
A. Use
B. Using
C. Used
D. To use
【2012北京】31. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.
A. Knock
B. Knocking
C. Knocked
D. To knock
【2012福建】28. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ________ in the South China Sea.
A. attacking
B. having attacking
C. being attacked
D. having been attacked
【2012福建】34. Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.
A. realizing
B. realized
C. to realize
D. being realized 【2012陕西】15. _______ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.
A. Standing
B. To stand
C. Stood
D. Stand
【2012陕西】22. If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _____ an even greater challenge.
A. meets
B. meeting
C. meet
D. to meet
【2012山东】26. George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him.
A. to be told
B. telling
C. being told
D. told
【2012山东】35. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _____.
A. providing
B. provided
C. having provided
D. provide
【2012湖南】21. We’ve had a good start, but next, more work needs ____ to achieve the final success.
A. being done
B. do
C. to be done
D. to do
【2012湖南】23. Time, ______ correctly, is money in the bank.
A. to use
B. used
C. using
D. use
【2012湖南】31. The lecture, _____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
A. starting
B. being starting
C. to start
D. to be started 【2012天津】11. He got up late and hurried to his office, ______ the breakfast untouched.
A. left
B. to leave
C. leaving
D. having left 【2012江西】33. Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _____ to the new students.
A. speaking
B. having spoken
C. to speak
D. to have spoken 【2012江西】35. John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _____ him it.
A. offered
B. offering
C. to offer
D. to be offered 【2012辽宁】25. The old couple often take a walk after super in the park with their pet dog ____.
A. to follow
B. following
C. followed
D. follows 【2012辽宁】29. This machine is very easy ______. Anybody can learn to use it in a few
minutes.
A. operating
B. to be operating
C. operated
D. to operate 【2012四川】6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in the sky.
A. finding
B. to find
C. being found
D. to have found【2012四川】8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound
【2012四川】12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash
【2012浙江】3. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it’s better ____ silent.
A. remain
B. be remaining
C. having remained
D. to remain 【2012浙江】8. I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or ____ his job.
A. quits
B. to quit
C. quitting
D. quit
【2012浙江】11. “It’s such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table _____ for customers.
A. to be reserved
B. having reserved
C. reserving
D. reserved【答案】D
【2012江苏】31. ______ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it soon or later.
A. Based
B. Basing
C. Base
D. To base
非谓语动词讲解(超全) 非谓语动词是指动词的非限定形式，不可以独立作谓语。它可以由动词原形、现在分词和过去分词构成，常见的形式有不定式、动名词和分词。 一、不定式： 不定式是动词的一种非限定形式，常常在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。它的构成方式为"to + 动词原形"。 例句： 1. To learn a foreign language is not easy.（作主语） 2. She wants to go shopping.（作宾语） 3. The best way to learn English well is to practice every day.（作表语） 4. He has a lot of work to finish.（作定语） 不定式也具有进行时态、完成时态和被动语态的形式： 进行时态：to be + 动词的现在分词 完成时态：to have + 动词的过去分词 被动语态：to be + 动词过去分词 例句： 1. He seems to be sleeping.（不定式进行时态） 2. You should have told me earlier.（不定式完成时态） 3. The car needs to be repaired.（不定式被动语态） 二、动名词： 动名词是指动词的-ing形式，它可以作主语、宾语、表语、定
语或状语。在句中的位置和用法与名词相似。 例句： 1. Reading is my favorite hobby.（作主语） 2. I enjoy swimming in the summer.（作宾语） 3. Her dream is becoming a famous singer.（作表语） 4. The girl standing over there is my sister.（作定语） 5. He went to the party without saying goodbye.（作状语） 动名词与不定式的区别在于动名词具有进行时态和被动语态，而不定式没有。 三、分词： 分词是动词的非谓语形式，它有两种形式：现在分词（-ing形式）和过去分词（-ed形式或第三人称单数形式）。 1. 现在分词： 现在分词（-ing形式）表示主动、进行或正在进行的动作，常作状语、定语或补语。 例句： 1. Walking in the park, he saw an old friend.（作状语） 2. The running water sounded pleasant.（作定语） 3. I found her crying alone in the room.（作补语） 2. 过去分词： 过去分词（-ed形式或第三人称单数形式）表示被动、完成或已完成的动作，常作定语或补语。 例句： 1. The broken window needs to be repaired.（作定语）
超详细非谓语动词讲解
非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs) 定义在句子中不是谓语的动词， 形式：不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词） 作用：在句子中充当主语、宾语、状语等。 特点：1.非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。 2.非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。 3.非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。 4.谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。 5.英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。 与谓语动词的关系相同点 （1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如：They built a garden. They suggested building a garden. （2）都可以被状语修饰：The suit fits him very well. The suit used to fit him very well. （3）都有主动与被动, “体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。例如： He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态）He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式） We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时）Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式）（4）都可以有逻辑主语 They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语）The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语）We are League members.（谓语动词的主语）We being League member, the work was well done. （现在分词的逻辑主语） 不定式 一、形式功能： 动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。 否定式：not + (to) do 以do为例，动词不定式的构成如下： （1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后.
非谓语动词复习 非谓语动词:a.动词不定式todob.现在分词/动名词doingc.过去分词done 概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 (有一个特殊情况：过去分词不具备名词性，所以补充当主语或宾语。） 非谓语动词使用条件：一个简单句中有且只有一个谓语动词 一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词,又没有连词的情况下,应使用非谓语动词。Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat. Shegotoffthebus,but leftherhandbagonherseat. 所有的非谓语动词的否定都是在其前面加NOT 动词不定式 一．动词不定式的变体 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种：主动被动 一般式 完成式 进行式 例如：IliketoreadEnglish. 例如：Heseemedtobereadingsomethingatthattime. 例如：Heseemedtohavecleanedtheroom. 例如：Theworkistobedonesoon. 例如：Theboyissaidtohavebeensenttohospitalyesterday. 二.动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 Toseeistobelieve．Nottogetthereintimeisyourfault. 注：常用it做形式主语，将todo放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。Itisagreatenjoymenttospendourholidayinthemountains. 句型3：Itis+adj+forsbtodosth（是形容事物的性质的） Itis+adj+ofsbtodosth（是形容人的品质的）Itiseasyformetofinishthisworkbeforeten. It'simpoliteofyoutospeaktotheteacherlikethat. II.作宾语
非谓语动词讲解(超全 非谓语动词是指动词的非谓语形式，包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词。与主谓结构不同，非谓语动词可在句子中作状语、定语或表语。在英语中，非谓语动词的形式是相对固定的，但在不同的语法环境中所表示的意义和用法有所差异。 1. 动词不定式（to-infinitive） 动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成，常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。例如： - 宾语：I want to go to the zoo.（我想去动物园。） - 主语：To speak English fluently is important for your career. （流利地说英语对你的事业很重要。） - 状语：He went to the store to buy some groceries.（他去商店买了些杂货。） - 定语：She needs a pen to write her essay.（她需要一支笔来写 作文。） 2. 动名词（gerund） 动名词是将动词加上-ing构成，常常用作动词的宾语、主语、 状语或定语。例如： - 宾语：I enjoy reading books in my spare time.（我闲暇时喜欢 读书。） - 主语：Swimming is good exercise.（游泳是很好的锻炼。） - 状语：She left the party early, feeling tired.（她因为感觉累了，所以提前离开了聚会。） - 定语：The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.（哭 闹的婴儿把整个邻居都吵醒了。）
完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解 Non-Finite XXX Non-finite verbs are verb forms that do not n as predicates。When there is already a predicate verb in the sentence。XXX filled in can only be in non-finite form. There are three types of non-finite verb forms: 1.Infinitive: to do 2.Gerund: doing 3.Past participle: done. XXX: Infinitive: expresses purpose and future。Gerund: expresses active and ongoing。Past participle: XXX. Non-finite verbs can be used in the active or passive voice。The active voice is expressed in the simple form。while the passive voice XXX progressive form.
To make a non-finite verb negative。add "not" or "never" before the verb。For example。"not/never to do" or "not/never doing." Non-finite verb structures can be complex。For example。 the infinitive XXX with "for/of sb。to do sth." The gerund XXX。such as "my/your/his/her/its/our/their doing." When using non-finite verbs。there are four steps to follow: 1.Determine whether non-finite verb forms should be used。 2.Identify the logical subject of the non-finite verb。 3.Determine the active or passive voice of the non-finite verb relative to its logical subject。 4.Determine the time nship een the non-finite verb and the XXX. When studying non-finite verb forms。it is mended to compare all three forms to learn XXX. XXX。while gerunds often express general or XXX。"Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old." In
非谓语动词语法讲解 一、非谓语动词的概念 动词的基本用法是作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。 非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词：done 二、三种形式的含义（基本用法） 不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。 三、非谓语动词的时态和语态 一般式完成式进行式 不定式主动to do to have done to be doing 被动to be done to have been done ing 形式主动doing having done 被动being done having been done 过去分 词 被动done 四、非谓语动词的否定形式 在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing
五、非谓语动词的复合结构 不定式的复合结构：for / of sb. to do sth. 动词 ing 形式的复合结构：宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时，用的所有格＋doing) 六、非谓语动词的做题步骤 1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了 2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。 3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。 4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing. 学习非谓语形式时，建议把三种形式一起来比较学习，会更加有效一些。 七、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较 1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语 a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。如： ________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk (分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为，用动名词作主语，选 B b. 不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，即用句型：It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth. It’s important for us to learn English well. It’s kind of you to help us. 注意：下面几个句型是用动名词：
非谓语动词讲解大全 非谓语动词是指动词的非动词性形式，包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词三种形式。非谓语动词在句子中常常作为句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。 1. 动词不定式 动词不定式是一个非谓语动词形式，由“to”+动词原形构成。 它可以表示目的、结果、原因、条件、目标等意义。 例句： - To study hard is the key to success.（努力学习是成功的关键。）- I want to go travelling next summer.（我想下个夏天去旅行。）- He worked hard to earn enough money for his family.（他为了 养家糊口而努力工作。） 2. 动名词 动名词是一种非谓语动词形式，由动词原形加“-ing”构成。它 可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语等，并且可以与介词连用。 例句： - Swimming is good for health.（游泳对健康有好处。） - I enjoy reading books in my free time.（我闲暇时喜欢读书。）- She was busy preparing for the exam.（她忙着准备考试。） 3. 现在分词 现在分词是一个非谓语动词形式，由动词原形加“-ing”构成。 它通常作为形容词使用，修饰名词或代词。
例句： - The burning coal produced a lot of smoke.（燃烧的煤产生了很多烟。） - The running water sounded very pleasant.（流动的水声听起来很悦耳。） - The crying baby needed to be fed.（哭闹的婴儿需要喂食。） 非谓语动词在句子中有很多常见的用法，以下是一些常见的用法及示例： 1. 动词不定式作主语： - To travel is my dream.（旅行是我的梦想。） - To quit smoking is good for your health.（戒烟对你的健康有好处。） 2. 动词不定式作宾语： - She wants to learn how to play guitar.（她想学习弹吉他。） - I need to buy some groceries.（我需要买些杂货。） 3. 动名词作宾语： - I enjoy swimming in the summer.（我喜欢夏天游泳。） - They suggested going to the cinema tonight.（他们建议今晚去电影院。） 4. 现在分词作定语： - The running water is very clean.（流动的水很干净。）
谓语动词和非谓语动词讲解 谓语动词是一个句子中的核心动词，用以表示动作、行为、状态或存在。它通常具有人称、数和时态的变化形式，并与主语保持一致。非谓语动词则是指在句子中不作谓语，不具有人称、数和时态的变化形式。 谓语动词可以分为实义动词和系动词两种类型。实义动词指的是表示实际动作或行为的动词，如run（跑）、eat（吃）、sing（唱）等。而系动词则指的是表示主语状态或性质的动词，如be（是）、seem（似乎）、feel（感到）等。 举个例子来说明：He runs every day.（他每天跑步。） 在这个句子中，runs 是谓语动词，表示主语 he 的动作。 非谓语动词包括动名词、不定式和分词三种形式。动名词是以-ing 结尾的动词形式，它可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。例如：Swimming is good for health.（游泳对健康有益。）这里的 swimming 是动名词，在句子中作主语。 不定式是以to 加动词原形构成的，可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。例如：I want to go shopping.（我想去购物。）这里的 to go 是不定式，在句子中作宾语。 分词是由动词的过去分词（-ed 结尾）或现在分词（-ing 结尾）构成的形式，可以作定语、状语或表语。例如：The book written by him is very interesting.（他写的书很有趣。）这里的written 是分词，在句子中作定语。
除了动名词、不定式和分词，非谓语动词还包括一些特殊形式，如动词不定式的完成式（to have + 过去分词）、动词不定式的进行式（to be + 现在分词）等。 需要注意的是，谓语动词和非谓语动词在语法功能上有所差异。谓语动词具有人称、数和时态的变化形式，是句子中的核心动词，而非谓语动词不具备这些变化形式，是在句子中充当其他成分的动词形式。 总结起来，谓语动词和非谓语动词是句子中的两种不同形式的动词。谓语动词作为句子的核心动词，表示动作、行为、状态或存在。非谓语动词则不作谓语，不具有人称、数和时态的变化形式，可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。了解谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别和用法，有助于提高对句子结构的理解和语法准确性的把握。
非谓语动词t h e N o n-F i n i t e V e r b s 定义在句子中不是谓语的动词, 形式：不定式、动名词和分词现在分词和过去分词 作用：在句子中充当主语、宾语、状语等. 特点：1.非谓语动词可以有名词作用如动词不定式和动名词,在句中做主语、宾语、表语. 2.非谓语动词可以有形容词作用如动词不定式和分词,在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语. 3.非谓语动词可以有副词作用如动词不定式和分词,在句中作状语. 4.谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制. 5.英语中不能单独做句子的谓语. 与谓语动词的关系相同点 （1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如： They built a garden. They suggested building a garden. （2）都可以被状语修饰： The suit fits him very well. The suit used to fit him very well. （3）都有主动与被动, “体”式一般式；进行式；完成式的变化.例如：He was punished by his parents.谓语动词被动语态 He avoided being punished by his parents.动名词的被动式 We have written the composition.谓语动词的完成时 Having written the composition, we handed it in.现在分词的完成式 （4）都可以有逻辑主语 They started the work at once.谓语动词的逻辑主语 The boss ordered them to start the work.动词不定式的逻辑主语
非谓语动词讲解超全 非谓语动词是指不具有人称和数的动词形式，不需要依附主语就可以使用的动词形式。非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词等形式。非谓语动词的使用可以丰富句子结构，增强表达效果，表达出动作的进行、完成、目的、原因等不同的语义关系。 一、动词不定式 动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由“to” + 原形动词构成，具有名词、形容词或副词的特性。 1. 作主语： To learn English well is my goal.（学好英语是我的目标。） 2. 作宾语： I want to take a nap.（我想睡个觉。） 3. 作宾补： She found it difficult to solve the math problem.（她发现解决这 个数学问题很困难。） 4. 作表语： My dream is to become a teacher.（我的梦想是成为一名教师。） 5. 作状语： He left the room to make a phone call.（他离开房间去打电话。）
二、动名词 动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，多用于表示动作的稳定状态或被动的形式，常常作主语、宾语或介词的宾语。 1. 作主语： Swimming is my favorite sport.（游泳是我最喜欢的运动。） 2. 作宾语： I enjoy reading books.（我喜欢阅读书籍。） 3. 作宾补： He kept silent, not wanting to reveal the secret.（他保持沉默，不想泄露秘密。） 4. 作介词的宾语： She is good at playing the piano.（她擅长弹钢琴。） 三、现在分词 现在分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，通常以-ing结尾，可以表示主动、进行、伴随等含义。 1. 作定语： The running dog scared the child.（奔跑的狗吓唬了孩子。） 2. 作状语： She entered the room, smiling.（她微笑着走进了房间。） 3. 作宾补：
非谓语动词讲解句子大全 非谓语动词是动词的一种形式，常常以动词的原形、现在分词和过去分词的形式出现，在句子中起到修饰名词、形容词和副词，或起到状语和表语等作用。它不具备时态和人称的变化，修饰主语或与其他成分之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 非谓语动词有以下几种形式：不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。下面以不同的形式进行解释和举例。 一、不定式 不定式是动词的一种形式，由to加动词原形构成。它可以用作名词、形容词和副词的宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。常常出现在句子中，并带有to。 1. 作名词： - To learn is to grow.（学习就是成长。） - I want to go to the park.（我想去公园。） 2. 作形容词： - I have something important to tell you.（我有重要的事情要告诉你。） - The book to read is on the table.（可阅读的书在桌子上。） 3. 作副词： - She came to help.（她来帮忙。） - We go to school to study.（我们上学是为了学习。）
二、动名词 动名词是动词的一种形式，由动词原形加-ing构成。它可以充当名词，可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。 1. 作主语： - Swimming is my favorite sport.（游泳是我最喜欢的运动。） 2. 作宾语： - I enjoy singing.（我喜欢唱歌。） - They avoid staying out late.（他们避免太晚出去。） 3. 作表语： - Her hobby is dancing.（她的爱好是跳舞。） 4. 作定语： - The running water is very clear.（流动的水非常清澈。） 三、现在分词 现在分词以-ing结尾，表示主动、进行或正在进行的动作，常用来修饰名词或代词，也可以作定语、状语等。 1. 修饰名词： - The crying baby is hungry.（正在哭的婴儿非常饿。） 2. 作定语： - The girl standing at the door is my sister.（站在门口的那个女孩是我的妹妹。）
完整版)非谓语动词归纳总结 非谓语动词归纳总结 非谓语动词分为不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。不定式包括基本形式和完成式，表示将来或发生在谓语动词之前的动作。动名词和分词则分别表示主动和被动，动名词可用作名词，分词则可用作形容词或副词。 在句子中，非谓语动词常用于表目的、条件和原因等情况下。例如，“To do”可表示为了某个目的，常带宾语； “Doing/Having done”则表示当某种情况发生时，常带宾语；而“XXX”则表示某种情况已经发生，不带宾语。 需要注意的是，有些情况下使用动词原形，如祈使句中，“Do”后面常用动词原形；而动名词则可作为主语出现，“Doing/Being done”后面可接谓语动词。 例如，仔细看，你就能发现这两张图片的不同之处。
1.Anyone who was seen carrying bags。boxes。or cases was XXX(作定语) 2.Steam being produced XXX(作主语补足语) 3.We decided to stay at home upon seeing the roads covered with snow and ice。(作宾语补足语) 4.The building that will be completed next month will be used as a XXX(作定语) 5.The problem being discussed now is not the one that was XXX(作定语) 6.XXX(作宾语补足语) 7.XXX the air quality in Beijing。(作目的状语) 8.Don't keep the water running when you XXX(作宾语补足语)
非谓语动词讲解 非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 b. v-ing c. 过去分词 概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 动词不定式 一．动词不定式的时态和被动形式 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种： 1.一般式to do I like to read English. 2.进行式to be doing He seemed to be reading something at that time. 3.完成式to have done He seemed to have cleaned the room. 4.被动式to be done The work is to be done soon. 5.完成被动式to have been done The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday. 疑问词+动词不定式 What, who, which, where, when, how, why等疑问词构成不定式短语，这种短语在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分。 二. 动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 (1)不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。 To see is to believe． Not to get there in time is your fault. (2)注：常用it做形式主语，将to do位于之后，使句子保持平衡。句型1：It + 谓语+(+sb.)+时间/金钱+ to do It takes us an hour _to__ get there by bus.
英语语法非谓语动词讲解超全超实用在英语语法中，非谓语动词是指在句子中不能独立充当谓语，而是通过与其他词语搭配来发挥作用的动词形式。非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。本文将对这三种非谓语动词进行详细的讲解，帮助读者更好地理解和运用。 一、动词不定式 1.定义和形式： 动词不定式是由动词原形加上"to"构成的形式，表示不完整的动作或状态。例如：to eat, to dance。 2.用途和功能： （1）作主语：动词不定式可以作为句子的主语，常放在句首。例如：To learn a new language is challenging. （2）作宾语：动词不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语，表示动作的目的或意图。例如：I want to learn English. （3）作表语：动词不定式可以作为系动词的表语，表示身份、偏好、目的等。例如：Her dream is to become a doctor. （4）作定语：动词不定式可以修饰名词或代词，起到进一步说明或限定的作用。例如：The best way to improve English is to practice more.
（5）作状语：动词不定式可以表示时间、目的、方式等状语的作用。例如：I went to the park to relax. 3.特殊用法： （1）省略to：在某些情况下，不定式的to可以省略，例如在助动词let、make、help等后面。例如：Let me go. （2）动词不定式的时态：动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，但可以根据不同的时间来使用不同的时态。例如：I want to go shopping.（现在时态）I wanted to go shopping.（过去时态） 二、动名词 1.定义和形式： 动名词是由动词加上-ing构成的形式，可以作为名词使用。例如：swimming, running。 2.用途和功能： （1）作主语：动名词可以作为句子的主语，常放在句首。例如：Reading books is my hobby. （2）作宾语：动名词可以作为及物动词的宾语，表示动作的对象或内容。例如：I enjoy playing basketball. （3）作表语：动名词可以作为系动词的表语，表示身份或特点。例如：His favorite activity is swimming.
非谓语动词 一、非谓语动词的概念 动词的基本用法是作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。 二、非谓语形式的三种形式及基本用法： 1动词不定式：to do 表示目的和将来 2、动词的ing : doing 表示主动和进行 3、动词的过去分词：done表示被动和完成 非谓语动词（一）---- 动词不定式 一、不定式（to do） 不定式由“to动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to■动词原形”不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。 不定式运用口诀： 本领最多不定式，主，表，宾，补，定和状，样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢，大家千万要当心，有时它把句型改，做主宾时用“it”自己在后把身藏，七个感官三使役，宾补要 把to甩开，疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当，逻辑主语不定式，不定式前for sb，to前not是否定，各种用法区别开。 1. I am sorry to _______ you so much trouble. （2008 江苏） A. have give n B. have bee n give n C. give D. givi ng 答案：A 简析：be sorry to have done sth意为已经干了某事而遗憾” to have done是不定式的完成形式，表示先于谓语动词的动作。B,被动形式，不合题意。 变式训练：
A. have written B. have been written C. write D. writing (A) 2. The promisi ng young man is said to ____ two no vels. 2. 不定式的句法功能 1)作主语：( 谓语动词一般用单数 ) To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 在十分钟内完成这项工作很难。动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，例如上面一句可用如下形式： It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 练习： 1. ____ ( die ) for people is a glorious thing. 2. ____ ( talk ) with him is a great pleasure. 3. ____ ( see ) is to believe. 4. ____________________ (beat) in the home match was a disgrace to them.. 5. 在一个小时之内记住所有这些单词是不容易的。 (翻译成英文) 6.It is important _______ to turn off the light when you leave the room. A. remember B . to remember C. of remembering D. remembering 不定式的复合结构：for / of sb. to do sth. It's for sb.和It's of sb. 这样的句子中，由于表语形容词性质的不同，导致了不定式逻辑主语标志用for 或of 的区别。 1) for sb. 句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible 等： 例如： It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。 2) of sb 句型中的形容词一般为表示性格，品德，心智能力，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如 good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right 。 例如： It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。用for 还是用of 的另一种辨别方法：用介词for 或of 后面的逻辑主语作句子的主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句 子。如果通顺用of,不通则用for。 例如： You are nice. (通顺,所以应用of)。 He is hard. (非所表达的意思,不通,因此用for 。) 1.It is great honor _______ present at this meeting. A. for us to be B. for us to C. of us to be D. for your being 2. It 's kind ________ so much of us. A. for you to think B. for you thinking C. of you to think D. of you thinking 3. It 's clever _________ to make a mistake and correct it in no time. A．for her B．of her C．by her D．by herself 2)作表语： 1. Her daughter 'swish is to become a singer. 2. She seems to go with us.
非谓语动词讲解全讲解 非谓语动词是指不具备主谓关系的动词形式，它不受主语限制，可以独立存在，并且在句子中起到修饰、补充、缩略或做其他动词的功能。非谓语动词主要有不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。 一、不定式（Infinitive） 1. 不定式作主语 例句： To learn a foreign language is challenging but rewarding. 学一门外语既具有挑战性又有回报。 2. 不定式作宾语 a）及物动词后的不定式作宾语，通常前有动词to。 例句： She wants to visit her parents this weekend. 她希望这个周末去看望她的父母。 b）某些及物动词和短语动词后的不定式省去to。 例句： They made him clean up the mess. 他们让他整理这个烂摊子。 3. 不定式作状语 a）表示目的、原因或结果。 例句： She studies hard to pass the exam.
她努力学习为了通过考试。 b）表示时间或条件。 例句： I woke up early to catch the first train. 我早起为了赶上第一班火车。 二、动名词（Gerund） 1. 动名词作主语 例句： Swimming is good exercise. 游泳是很好的锻炼。 2. 动名词作宾语 a）动名词作宾语，通常前面有动词stop、enjoy、dislike、suggest等。 例句： I enjoy reading books in my spare time. 我喜欢在闲暇时间读书。 b）动名词作宾语，有时可以用不定式作宾语来替代，意思有所差别。 例句： I like swimming.（动名词作宾语，表示一种习惯或爱好） I like to swim.（不定式作宾语，表示一次性的行为） 3. 动名词作定语 例句： Do you have any interesting stories to share?
动词不定式和动名词作主语 一,作主语 ⒈不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种: (1)把不定式置于句首, 不定式作主语侧重于将来特定的某一次, 如: To get there by bike will take us half an hour. (2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中.如: ①It+be+名词+to do It's our duty to take good care of the old. ②It takes sb + some time +to do How long did it take you to finish the work ③It+be+形容词+for sb +to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour. ④It+be+形容词+of sb +to do It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says. ⑤It seems(appears)+形容词+to do It seemed impossible to save money. 在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等;在句型④中,常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词.在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语.这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do句式,如:It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English. ⒉动名词作主语 (1)把动名词置于句首, 侧重于经常性发生的动作. 如: Learning without practice is no good. 动名词作主语时,也常用It句式.如: ①It's +no good(no use, fun, a pleasure, a waste of time)+doing… It's no good reading in dim light. It's no use sitting here waiting.